ABS

Anti-lock braking system (ABS) is an automobile safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road surface according to driver inputs while braking, preventing the wheels from locking up (ceasing rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding. It is an automated system that uses the principles of threshold braking and cadence braking which were practiced by skilful drivers with previous generation braking systems. It does this at a much faster rate and with better control than a driver could manage.ABS generally offers improved vehicle control and decreases stopping distances on dry and slippery surfaces for many drivers; however, on loose surfaces like gravel or snow-covered pavement, ABS can significantly increase braking distance, although still improving vehicle control.

ABS

EBD

Electronic brake force distribution (EBD or EBFD), Electronic brake force limitation (EBL) is an automobile brake technology that automatically varies the amount of force applied to each of a vehicle's brakes, based on road conditions, speed, loading, etc. Always coupled with anti-lock braking systems, EBD can apply more or less braking pressure to each wheel in order to maximize stopping power whilst maintaining vehicular control. Typically, the front end carries the most weight and EBD distributes less braking pressure to the rear brakes so the rear brakes do not lock up and cause a skid. In some systems, EBD distributes more braking pressure at the rear brakes during initial brake application before the effects of weight transfer become apparent.

EBD

BRAKE ASSIST

Emergency brake assist (EBA) or Brake Assist (BA or BAS) is a generic term for an automobile braking technology that increases braking pressure in an emergency situation. The first application was developed jointly by Daimler-Benz and TRW/LucasVarity. Research conducted in 1992 at the Mercedes-Benz driving simulator in Berlin revealed that more than 90% of drivers fail to brake with enough force in emergency situations.

BRAKE ASSIST

Automatic Transmission Speed Sensor

The speed sensor in a transmission may need to be replaced every 3 or 4 years. The transmission will not work properly if the speed sensor isn't functioning properly. The speed sensor sends an electronic message to the transmission to go into gear. The transmission will be sluggish if the speed sensor is no good. A person can also take it to a mechanic to have him do it if you aren't comfortable with it

Automatic Transmission Speed Sensor

AIRBAG

An airbag is a vehicle safety device. It is an occupant restraint system consisting of a flexible fabric envelope or cushion designed to inflate rapidly during an automobile collision. Its purpose is to cushion occupants during a crash and provide protection to their bodies when they strike interior objects such as the steering wheel or a window. Modern vehicles may contain multiple airbag modules in various side and frontal locations of the passenger seating positions, and sensors may deploy one or more airbags in an impact zone at variable rates based on the type, angle and severity of impact; the airbag is designed to only inflate in moderate to severe frontal crashes. Airbags are normally designed with the intention of supplementing the protection of an occupant who is correctly restrained with a seatbelt. Most designs are inflated through pyrotechnic means and can only be operated once. Newer side-impact airbag modules consist of compressed air cylinders that are triggered in the event of a side impact vehicle impact.

AIRBAG

TACHOMETER

A tachometer (revolution-counter, tach, rev-counter, RPM gauge) is an instrument measuring the rotation speed of a shaft or disk, as in a motor or other machine. The device usually displays the revolutions per minute (RPM) on a calibrated analogue dial, but digital displays are increasingly common.

TACHOMETER

CRASH SENSOR

A detection device which deploys an air bag when a crash is determined -- usually because of excessive deceleration

CRASH SENSOR

ENGINE IMMOBILIZER

ENGINE IMMOBILIZERThe engine immobilizer is a state-of-the-art anti-theft

system. When you insert your key into the ignition switch or bring a Smart Key fob into the vehicle, the key transmits an electronic code to the vehicle. The engine will only start if the code in the transponder chip inside the key or Smart Key fob matches the code in the vehicle's immobilizer. Because the transponder chip is embedded in the key or Smart Key fob, it can be costly to replace.

AUTOMATIC CLIMATE CONTROL

AUTOMATIC CLIMATE CONTROLAutomatic climate control is the ability to monitor and influence the

temperature of a specified space without manual intervention. This climate control capability can be found in many cars, boats, and airplanes. Its primary purpose is to manage the temperature of a given area based on settings by a user of the system.Climate control devices were first introduced into automobiles in the early 1960s, and are available in many vehicles today. The benefit of automatic climate control is that it enables the occupants of a vehicle to set a specified temperature for one area within the automobile. This temperature is then regulated by the climate control system, which determines how best to maintain the current environment.Prior to climate control, a heating and cooling system could only be engaged by manually selecting one of the mechanisms. While a user could select a general temperature, the system would not automatically switch from air conditioning to heating without manual intervention. The creation of the automatic system has advanced the overall comfort for automobiles, as users are not forced to constantly move the controls to adjust the temperature of the compartment.

CRUISE CONTROL

Cruise control (sometimes known as speed control or auto cruise, or tempomat in some countries) is a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle. The system takes over the throttle of the car to maintain a steady speed as set by the driver

CRUISE CONTROL

TRACTION CONTROL

TRACTION CONTROLA traction control system (TCS), is typically (but not necessarily) a secondary function of the anti-lock braking system (ABS) on production motor vehicles, designed to prevent loss of traction of driven road wheels. When invoked it therefore enhances driver control as throttle input applied is mis-matched to road surface conditions (due to varying factors) being unable to manage applied torque.

ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL

ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROLElectronic stability control (ESC), also referred to as electronic stability program (ESP) or dynamic stability control (DSC), is a computerized technology  that improves the safety of a vehicle's stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding).When ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help "steer" the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to counter over steer or the inner rear wheel to counter under steer. Some ESC systems also reduce engine power until control is regained. ESC does not improve a vehicle's cornering performance; instead, it helps to minimize the loss of control.

ALL-WHEEL DRIVE

ALL-WHEEL DRIVEAll wheel drive (AWD) refers to a drive train system that includes a differential between the front and rear drive shafts. This is normally coupled with some sort of anti-slip technology that will allow differentials to spin at different speeds, but still maintain the ability to transfer torque from one wheel in case of loss of traction at that wheel. AWD may work well with all surfaces, but is not intended for all terrains.

4WD

4WDFour wheel drive (4WD) refers to vehicles that have a transfer case, not a differential, between the front and rear axles, meaning that the front and rear drive shafts will be locked together when engaged. This provides maximum torque transfer to the axle with the most traction, but can cause binding in high traction turning situations. They are also either full-time or part-time 4WD selectable. 4WD is not intended for high speeds without a limited-slip mechanism.

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