informatics1. lecture1: hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Informatics 1.Lecture 1: Hardware
using Ferenc Wettl’sand Kristóf Kovács’s material
Budapest University of Technology and Economics
2018-09-03
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 2: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written exams
week 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 3: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14
each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 4: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%
individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 5: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination
2 exams can be repeatedweekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 6: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 7: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%
10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 8: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 9: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minutes
each of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 10: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%
50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 11: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Requirements to pass
3 written examsweek 5, 10, 14each examination is worth 20%individually need 50% on each examination2 exams can be repeated
weekly homework, 30%, min 50%10 "pop quizzes"
at the start of each practical class, 1-2 minuteseach of them is worth 1%50% required to pass (not individually)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 12: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware
2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 13: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure
3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 14: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer
4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 15: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 16: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 17: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS
6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 18: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX
7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 19: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer
8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 20: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 21: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 22: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems
10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 23: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion
11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 24: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave
12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 25: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage
13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 26: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Curriculum
1 Hardware2 Operating system, programs, file structure3 Representing data in a computer4 Internet, network
5 HTML, CSS6 TEX, LATEX7 Making presentations, beamer8 Graphics, TikZ
9 Numerical mathematics and computer algebra systems10 Variable, if branching, function call, recursion11 Octave12 Sage13 Mathematica
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 27: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Basic concepts
Hardware
A computer is a sum of its components.A computer can execute programs written in a language that itcan understand.
Software
Programs written in a language understood by the computerData required for the execution of the program
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 28: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Basic concepts
HardwareA computer is a sum of its components.
A computer can execute programs written in a language that itcan understand.
Software
Programs written in a language understood by the computerData required for the execution of the program
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 29: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Basic concepts
HardwareA computer is a sum of its components.A computer can execute programs written in a language that itcan understand.
Software
Programs written in a language understood by the computerData required for the execution of the program
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 30: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Basic concepts
HardwareA computer is a sum of its components.A computer can execute programs written in a language that itcan understand.
Software
Programs written in a language understood by the computerData required for the execution of the program
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 31: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Basic concepts
HardwareA computer is a sum of its components.A computer can execute programs written in a language that itcan understand.
SoftwarePrograms written in a language understood by the computer
Data required for the execution of the program
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 32: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Basic concepts
HardwareA computer is a sum of its components.A computer can execute programs written in a language that itcan understand.
SoftwarePrograms written in a language understood by the computerData required for the execution of the program
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 33: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 34: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
Motherboard
Processor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 35: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)
Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 36: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)
Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 37: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)
Periphery (Input, Output)Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 38: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 39: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:
Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 40: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:Server,
Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 41: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:Server,Personal computer (PC),
Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 42: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,
Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 43: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,
Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 44: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
HardwareMain components of acomputer:
MotherboardProcessor (CPU)Memory (RAM)Mass storage (HDD, SSD)Periphery (Input, Output)
Main types of computers:Server,Personal computer (PC),Laptop, Notebook,Tablet,Smart phone, etc.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 45: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 46: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
ProcessorFunction
Executes basic operations(addition, subtraction, storage,etc.)During the execution of aprogram the CPU (CentralProcessing Unit) executes thesebacis operations in the ordergiven by the program with thevalues given by the program
Interesting facts
Building a CPU factory is one ofthe most expensive things in theworldMore and more features arecrammed into a CPU, forexample modern processors haveintegrated graphics processors aswell
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 47: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
ProcessorFunction
Executes basic operations(addition, subtraction, storage,etc.)
During the execution of aprogram the CPU (CentralProcessing Unit) executes thesebacis operations in the ordergiven by the program with thevalues given by the program
Interesting facts
Building a CPU factory is one ofthe most expensive things in theworldMore and more features arecrammed into a CPU, forexample modern processors haveintegrated graphics processors aswell
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 48: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
ProcessorFunction
Executes basic operations(addition, subtraction, storage,etc.)During the execution of aprogram the CPU (CentralProcessing Unit) executes thesebacis operations in the ordergiven by the program with thevalues given by the program
Interesting facts
Building a CPU factory is one ofthe most expensive things in theworldMore and more features arecrammed into a CPU, forexample modern processors haveintegrated graphics processors aswell
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 49: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
ProcessorFunction
Executes basic operations(addition, subtraction, storage,etc.)During the execution of aprogram the CPU (CentralProcessing Unit) executes thesebacis operations in the ordergiven by the program with thevalues given by the program
Interesting facts
Building a CPU factory is one ofthe most expensive things in theworldMore and more features arecrammed into a CPU, forexample modern processors haveintegrated graphics processors aswell
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 50: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
ProcessorFunction
Executes basic operations(addition, subtraction, storage,etc.)During the execution of aprogram the CPU (CentralProcessing Unit) executes thesebacis operations in the ordergiven by the program with thevalues given by the program
Interesting factsBuilding a CPU factory is one ofthe most expensive things in theworld
More and more features arecrammed into a CPU, forexample modern processors haveintegrated graphics processors aswell
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 51: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
ProcessorFunction
Executes basic operations(addition, subtraction, storage,etc.)During the execution of aprogram the CPU (CentralProcessing Unit) executes thesebacis operations in the ordergiven by the program with thevalues given by the program
Interesting factsBuilding a CPU factory is one ofthe most expensive things in theworldMore and more features arecrammed into a CPU, forexample modern processors haveintegrated graphics processors aswell
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 52: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speed
Number of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)
Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 53: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per second
Example: 2.5GHzNumber of cores (parallel computations)
Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 54: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)
Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 55: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)
Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 56: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple cores
A well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 57: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecore
Intel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 58: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 59: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generation
The main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 60: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generationThe main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generation
There are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 61: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generationThe main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phones
Other ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 62: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Processor specifics
Clock speedNumber of (basic) operations per secondExample: 2.5GHz
Number of cores (parallel computations)Modern CPUs have multiple coresA well written program can make use of more than just onecoreIntel has a technology called virtual core: the CPUs thatfeature this technology (example: i3, i7) double their numberof parallel operations by making use of a virtual core insideevery core
Heat generationThe main thing holding back the developement of CPUs istheir heat generationThere are processors that are designed to be used withoutcooling (example: CPUs in mobile phonesOther ones require significant cooling to function
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 63: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Operation costs
Lets say that addition has a computation cost of 1. Then the costof other operations is shown in the table (these are just estimates,they vary based on processor, manufacturer, etc.).
operation cost
cheapaddition, subtraction, comparison 1
absolute value 2multiplication 4
medium division (except with power of 2) 10remainder (modulo) 10
expensive
power of e 50sin, cos, tan 60
asin, acos, atan 80power 100root varies
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
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Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
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Memory (RAM)
Function
Temporary data storageThe processor reads data and programsfrom the memory
Interesting facts
A computer with 2 sticks of 2GB ofRAM is faster than the one with 1 stickof 4GB of RAM.It is a misbelief that the speed of acomputer is proportional to the size ofits memory.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 66: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Memory (RAM)
FunctionTemporary data storage
The processor reads data and programsfrom the memory
Interesting facts
A computer with 2 sticks of 2GB ofRAM is faster than the one with 1 stickof 4GB of RAM.It is a misbelief that the speed of acomputer is proportional to the size ofits memory.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 67: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Memory (RAM)
FunctionTemporary data storageThe processor reads data and programsfrom the memory
Interesting facts
A computer with 2 sticks of 2GB ofRAM is faster than the one with 1 stickof 4GB of RAM.It is a misbelief that the speed of acomputer is proportional to the size ofits memory.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 68: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Memory (RAM)
FunctionTemporary data storageThe processor reads data and programsfrom the memory
Interesting facts
A computer with 2 sticks of 2GB ofRAM is faster than the one with 1 stickof 4GB of RAM.It is a misbelief that the speed of acomputer is proportional to the size ofits memory.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 69: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Memory (RAM)
FunctionTemporary data storageThe processor reads data and programsfrom the memory
Interesting factsA computer with 2 sticks of 2GB ofRAM is faster than the one with 1 stickof 4GB of RAM.
It is a misbelief that the speed of acomputer is proportional to the size ofits memory.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 70: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Memory (RAM)
FunctionTemporary data storageThe processor reads data and programsfrom the memory
Interesting factsA computer with 2 sticks of 2GB ofRAM is faster than the one with 1 stickof 4GB of RAM.It is a misbelief that the speed of acomputer is proportional to the size ofits memory.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
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Units of measurement
SI prefix Old usage Binary prefix
Notation Value Value Notation ValuekB KB (kilobyte) 10001 = 103 10241 = 210 KiB (kibibyte) 210
MB (megabyte) 10002 = 106 10242 = 220 MiB (mebibyte) 220
GB (gigabyte) 10003 = 109 10243 = 230 GiB (gibibyte) 230
TB (terabyte) 10004 = 1012 10244 = 240 TiB (tebibyte) 240
PB (petabyte) 10005 = 1015 10245 = 250 PiB (pebibyte) 250
EB (exabyte) 10006 = 1018 10246 = 260 EiB (exbibyte) 260
ZB (zettabyte) 10007 = 1021 10247 = 270 ZiB (zebibyte) 270
YB (yottabyte) 10008 = 1024 10248 = 280 YiB (yobibyte) 280
210 = 1024 250 = 1125899906842624220 = 1048576 260 = 1152921504606846976230 = 1073741824 270 = 1180591620717411303424240 = 1099511627776 280 = 1208925819614629174706176
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 72: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speed
The performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)
The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 73: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.
The clock speed represents this read/write speedCapacity (storage space)
The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 74: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)
The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 75: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)
The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 76: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)The amount of data the memory can store
Most operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 77: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.
When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 78: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).
This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 79: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 80: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)
Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 81: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Memory specifics
Clock speedThe performance of the memory is mainly influenced by thespeed of reading and writing data from and to the memory.The clock speed represents this read/write speed
Capacity (storage space)The amount of data the memory can storeMost operating systems use virtual memory, this feature uses apart of the mass storage as memory in case the real memoryfills up. This is significantly slower, even for an SSD.When the memory fills up the operating system tries to swapthe least frequently used parts of the memory to the virtualmemory (swap).This is the reason why a computer with a really strong CPUcan still slow down if it runs out of memory.
Type (socket)Motherboards have a specific RAM socket, not all types ofmemories can be placed into a specific motherboard.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 82: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Memory sockets
Nowadays every type of motherboard uses the DDR3 socket.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 83: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 84: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
Specifics
Processor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 85: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponents
May contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
Specifics
Processor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 86: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
Specifics
Processor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 87: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
Specifics
Processor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 88: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
SpecificsProcessor socket
Memory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 89: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
SpecificsProcessor socketMemory socket
Mass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 90: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
SpecificsProcessor socketMemory socketMass storage plug type
Number of other plugs (like USB)Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 91: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
SpecificsProcessor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 92: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
SpecificsProcessor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting facts
In theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 93: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
MotherboardFunction
Acts as a link between the othercomponentsMay contain an integrated graphics,network and/or sound card
SpecificsProcessor socketMemory socketMass storage plug typeNumber of other plugs (like USB)
Interesting factsIn theory it is possible that a lowquality motherboard slows down acomputer, for example if the datatransfer rate between the processorand the memory is slow, then even ahigh end CPU and memory could feelslow.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 94: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 95: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 96: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storage
Specifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 97: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 98: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage size
Type (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 99: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)
Speed of read/write operationsInteresting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 100: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 101: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting facts
In 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 102: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting factsIn 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.
In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 103: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Mass storageFunction
Long term data storageSpecifics
Storage sizeType (SSD, HDD)Speed of read/write operations
Interesting factsIn 1956 16GB (which can bestore in a microSD nowadays)could only fit in mass storagestructure the size of a 10 storybuilding.In hungarian some people stillcall mass storage deviceswinchesters, in 1973 this was thecodename of a widely used massstorage device.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 104: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 105: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the data
Fragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 106: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, ages
Speed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 107: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 108: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 109: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)Works in a similar manner as RAM
Significantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 110: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDD
Does not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 111: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usage
Still a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 112: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDD
If our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 113: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
SSD/HDDHDD (Hard Disk Drive)
A spinning disk stores the dataFragile, agesSpeed (example: 7200rpm –revolutions per minute)
SSD (Solid-State Drive)Works in a similar manner as RAMSignificantly faster than HDDDoes not age, instead it wears downdue to usageStill a lot more expensive than HDDIf our computer has some SSDstorage it is worth to store theoperating system there.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 114: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 115: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devices
MouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 116: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouse
KeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 117: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboard
TouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 118: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpad
Motion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 119: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion capture
MicrophoneExamples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 120: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 121: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devices
MonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 122: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devicesMonitor
PrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 123: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devicesMonitorPrinter
SpeakersInteresting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 124: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devicesMonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 125: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devicesMonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting facts
The introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 126: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Peripheries
Examples of input devicesMouseKeyboardTouchpadMotion captureMicrophone
Examples of output devicesMonitorPrinterSpeakers
Interesting factsThe introduction of USB (UniversalSerial Bus) simplified the usage andmanufacturing of the differentperipheries. For example before theUSB, mouses and keyboards haddifferent plugs.
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 127: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Questions
What is the difference between the CPU, RAM and massstorage?
What does it mean that a processor has more than one core,and that operations can ran in parallel.How much data does these represent: kB, MB, GB, TB, KiB,MiB, GiB, TiB?What is virtual memory and what is the swap operation?What is the difference between an HDD and an SSD?
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 128: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Questions
What is the difference between the CPU, RAM and massstorage?What does it mean that a processor has more than one core,and that operations can ran in parallel.
How much data does these represent: kB, MB, GB, TB, KiB,MiB, GiB, TiB?What is virtual memory and what is the swap operation?What is the difference between an HDD and an SSD?
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 129: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Questions
What is the difference between the CPU, RAM and massstorage?What does it mean that a processor has more than one core,and that operations can ran in parallel.How much data does these represent: kB, MB, GB, TB, KiB,MiB, GiB, TiB?
What is virtual memory and what is the swap operation?What is the difference between an HDD and an SSD?
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 130: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Questions
What is the difference between the CPU, RAM and massstorage?What does it mean that a processor has more than one core,and that operations can ran in parallel.How much data does these represent: kB, MB, GB, TB, KiB,MiB, GiB, TiB?What is virtual memory and what is the swap operation?
What is the difference between an HDD and an SSD?
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware
![Page 131: Informatics1. Lecture1: Hardwaresandbox.hlt.bme.hu/~gaebor/ea_anyag/Info1/e01_18i1_eng.pdf · Lecture1: Hardware usingFerencWettl’s andKristófKovács’smaterial Budapest University](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071500/611f128618fc3607687a90e5/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Questions
What is the difference between the CPU, RAM and massstorage?What does it mean that a processor has more than one core,and that operations can ran in parallel.How much data does these represent: kB, MB, GB, TB, KiB,MiB, GiB, TiB?What is virtual memory and what is the swap operation?What is the difference between an HDD and an SSD?
Gábor Borbély Informatics 1. Lecture 1: Hardware