infrastructure for e commerce

8/14/2019 Infrastructure For E commerce.

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The Internet and World Wide

Web: E-commerce

Infrastructure

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 21


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The Internet

The Internetis a worldwide collection of networks

that links millions of businesses, government

agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 22Page 74

Figure 2-1


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Evolution of the Internet

The Internet was first developed by the Advanced

Research Projects Agency (ARPA) and the U.S.

Department of Defense(DoD) for scientific and

military communications and to avoid the loss of

communication in the event of any single

installation being inaccessible due to war or

natural disasters.

3Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2


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4

Myths About the Internet

Myth 1: The Internet isfree

Most people and

businesses pay for Internetaccess

Free services are often in

exchange for providing

contact information orviewing advertisements

Fee-based content is

growing


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5

Myths About the Internet

Myth 2: Someone controls the Internet

No single entity controls the Internet

Governments can somewhat regulate Internet use within its

country but difficult to control it well Myth 3: The Internet and World Wide Web are identical

www & internet is two separate concepts. Web or WWW is the

fastest growing part of the internet. Its most important feature

is website. Internet is the network of many networks. It is a global

network linking tens of thousands of networks & millions of

individual users, businesses, schools & Government agencies.


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Each organization is responsible only for

maintaining its own network

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees

research and sets guidelines and standards

Internet2 connects more than 200 universities

and 115 companies via a high-speed private

network



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Type of Connection and Internet Access

Many home and small business users connect to

the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet

service


CableInternet

service

DSL Dial UpFixed

wireless

CellularRadio

Network

Wi-Fi

SatelliteInternet

Service


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Type of Connection and Internet Access

Dial up Connection

ISDN

DSL

Cable

Wireless Internet Connection

Satellite

8


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Dial Up Connection (Analog)

Using a modem connected to your PC

PC has to dial a number provided by ISP via a phone line to connect

Slower, but cheaper

Ties up phone lines

Quality is not good

Dial-up is an analog connection because data is sent over an

analog, public telephone network. The modem converts received

analog data to digital and vise versa.

Typical Dial-up connection speeds range from 2400 bps to 56 Kbps.

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What is Broadband?

Broadband Internet access, often shortened to

just "broadband", is a high data rate connection

to the internet

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Cable Cable connections are considered one of the best types

of internet connection available to the home user, theyoffer very fast and reliable connections with a fixed

monthly fee.

The broadband cable connection is provided by the local

cable TV provider. Because the coaxial cable used by cable TV provides

much greater bandwidth than telephone lines, a cable

modem can be used to achieve extremely fast access.

Cable speeds range from 512 Kbps to 20 Mbps. Because cable connections areAlways onyou will need a

firewall and antivirus to protect your PC

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DSL

DSL (Digital subscriber line)is also called an always on connection

DSL is provided by the telephone company over your existing

copper wire. With DSL, you can get both voice and data over the

same pair of wires.

DSL service is a technology for bringing high-bandwidth broadband

internet service to homes and small businesses over ordinary

copper telephone lines

There is no need to dial-in to your ISP as DSL is always on.

With DSL service all you need to do is plug your PC into your DSL

modem and then from your modem to your normal telephone jack

DSL Speed - 28Kbps1.5Mbps

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Satellite

The slowest broadband service is provided by

satellite.

Although this is a good replacement for dial-up

for those people living in remote rural areas, the

installation costs are quite high, but the ongoing

monthly charges are competitive to both cable

and DSL. Slower and more expensive that cable or DSL

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Wireless Connection

Fixed wireless: Wireless Internet, or

wireless broadband is one of the newest Internet

connection types, uses radio frequency bands and towers

for internet connection. Wireless Internet provides an always-on connection

which can be accessed from anywhere as long as you

geographically within a network coverage area.

Hotspot: Public wireless networks

Both free and fee-based are available

Currently Wi-Fi so short range, but WiMAX may soon be an

option14


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15

Hotspots


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16

The Internet Community Today

Most members of the Internet community fall into one ormore of the following groups

Users: People who use the Internet

Internet service providers (ISPs): Provide access to the Internet,

typically for a fee

An access provideris a business that provides individuals

and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee


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An access provideris a business that provides individuals

and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee


Figure 2-2


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ISP(Internetserviceprovider)

Regional ISPs provide Internet access to a specific

geographical area


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The World Wide Web

The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwidecollection of electronic documents (Web pages)

Can contain text, graphics, sound, video, and built-inconnections

A Web siteis a collection of related Web pages andassociated items

A Web serveris a computer that delivers requested Webpages to your computer

Web 2.0refers to Web sites that provide a means for usersto interact

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML):standard pagedescription language for Web pages

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 219Pages 80 - 81


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The World Wide Web

A Web browser, or browser, allows users to

access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs


InternetExplorer

Firefox Opera

Safari GoogleChrome


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The World Wide Web


Figure 2-6


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The World Wide Web

A home page is the first

page that a Web site

displays

Web pages provide linksto

other related Web pages

Surfing the Web

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 222Pages 82 - 83

Figure 2-7

Some Web pages are

designed specifically for

microbrowsers


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The World Wide Web

A Web page has a unique address called a URLor

Web address

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 223Pages 8283

Figure 2-8


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The World Wide Web

An IP addressis a number that uniquely identifies each

computer or device connected to the Internet

A domain nameis the text version of an IP address

Top-level domain (TLD)

A DNS servertranslates the domain name into its

associated IP address


Figure 2-4


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Figure 2-5


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Web Servers and Web Clients

Web server software:

Enables a computer to deliver Web pages written inHTML or XML to clients on network that request thisservice by sending an HTTP request

Basic capabilities: Hosting web pages, Securityservices, FTP, etc

Term Web server also used to refer to

physical computer that runs Web server

software

Web client: Any computing device attachedto the Internet that is capable of making HTTPrequests and displaying HTML pages

Slide 3-4


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The World Wide Web

What is downloading?

The process of a computer receiving information

Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take

from a few seconds to several minutes

Uploading: is the process of transferring a file from localcomputer to remote computer over network.


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The World Wide Web

Tabbed browsingallows you to open and view multiple

Web pages in a single Web browser window


Figure 2-9


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The World Wide Web

Two types of search tools are search engines and

subject directories (http://dir.yahoo.com/)


Searchengine

Finds informationrelated to a

specific topic

Subjectdirectory

Classifies Webpages in an

organized set ofcategories
http://dir.yahoo.com/http://dir.yahoo.com/


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The World Wide Web


Figure 2-10


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The World Wide Web

A search engine is helpful in locating items such as:


Images Videos Audio Publications

MapsPeople or

Businesses Blogs


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The World Wide Web

There are thirteen types of Web sites


Figure 2-15

Portal News Informational Business/Marketing

Blog Wiki Online SocialNetwork

Educational


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The World Wide Web

Entertainment Advocacy Web Application

ContentAggregator

Personal


Figure 2-15


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The World Wide Web

Multimediarefers to any application that

combines text with:



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The World Wide Web

A graphicis a digital

representation of

nontext information

Graphic formats includeBMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG,

and TIFF


Figure 2-17


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The World Wide Web

A thumbnail is a small

version of a larger

graphic


Figure 2-19


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The World Wide Web

Animationis the appearance of motion created

by displaying a series of still images in sequence



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The World Wide Web

Audioincludes music, speech, or any other sound

Compressed to reduce file size

You listen to audio on your computer using a player

Streamingis the process of transferring data in acontinuous and even flow


Figure 2-20


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The World Wide Web


Figure 2-21


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The World Wide Web

Videoconsists of images displayed in motion


Figure 2-22


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The World Wide Web

A plug-inis a program that extends the capability

of a Web browser


Figure 2-24


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The World Wide Web

Web publishingis the development and

maintenance of Web pages


Plan aWeb site

Analyzeand

design aWeb site

Create aWeb site

Deploy aWeb site

Maintaina Web

site


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E-Commerce

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 45Pages 98 - 99

E-commerce

Business-to-

consumer(B2C)

Consumer-to-

consumer(C2C)

Business-to-

business(B2B)


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E-Commerce

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 46Page 99Figure 2-25


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Other Internet Services

E-mailis the

transmission of

messages and files via a

computer network An e-mail program

allows you to create,

send, receive, forward,

store, print, and deletee-mail messages



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A mailing listis a group of e-mail names and addresses

given a single name

Subscribingadds your e-mail name and address

Unsubscribingremoves your name



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Instant messaging (IM) is a real-timeInternet

communications service



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A chatis a real-time

typed conversation that

takes place on a

computer A chat roomis a

location on an Internet

server that permits

users to chat with eachother



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VoIP(Voice over IP)

enables users to speak

to other users over the

Internet Also called Internet

telephony



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A newsgroupis an

online area in which

users have written

discussions about aparticular subject

Typically requires a

newsreader

A message boardis aWeb-based type of

discussion group



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Netiquette

Netiquetteis the code of acceptable Internet

behavior


Be ond Bro sing and E Mail


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Beyond Browsing and E-Mail

Many other activities available via the

Internet in addition to Web browsing and e-mail

Online communications

Social networking Online shopping and investing

Online entertainment

Online news, reference, and information

Online education and writing

infrastructure for e commerce

Documents