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Initial Environmental Examination

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Punjab Heritage and Tourism Promotion Board, Chandigarh and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

Project Number: 40648-023 August 2014

IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT) – Project 1

Submitted by

Punjab Heritage and Tourism Promotion Board, Chandigarh

Environmental Assessment Document Draft Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Document Stage: Draft for Consultation Project Number: 2676/IND June 2014

Infrastructure Development Investment Programme for Tourism– Punjab Subproject – Development of Community-based Eco Tourism Facilities at Keshopur Wetland (Interpretation Centre) (PB/ASR/COM2/CBA/14C) Prepared by the Government of Punjab

This IEE is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those

of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of Package- 14C: Development of Community-based Eco Tourism Facilities at Keshopur Wetland (Interpretation Centre)

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ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank BOD - Biological Oxygen Demand BoQ - Bill of Quantities CO - Carbon monoxide CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board CR - Community Reserve DSC - Design and Supervision Consultant EA - Executing Agency EAC - Expert Appraisal Committee EARF - Environment Assessment and Review Framework EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environment Management Plan ES - Environmental Specialist GC - General Conditions GoI - Government of India GoP - Government of Punjab IDIPT - Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IITIDP - India Inclusive Tourism Infrastructure Development Project INR - Indian Rupee PUC - Pollution Control Certificate KCCR - KeshopurChhamb Community Reserve MoEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests MFF - Multi- Tranche Financing Facility NGO - Non-Governmental Organization NOx - Nitrogen oxide PD - Project Director PIU - Project Implementation Unit PMU - Project Management Unit RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter SAUW - South Asia Urban Development and Water Division SEAC - State Expert Appraisal Committee SO2 - Sulphur dioxide SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter SPS - Safeguards Policy Statement


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CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................. 5

I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 7

II. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS ................................................. 10

III. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT .................................................................. 13

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ............................................. 22

V. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ........................ 25

VI. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................... 38

VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ....................... 41

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ............................................................. 42

IX. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING ............................................................ 43

X. COST ESTIMATES ............................................................................................ 45

XI. FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................. 46

XII. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................. 47


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT) envisages an environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism development in the project states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand, which is delivered through a Multi-tranche Financing Facility (MFF) modality. Loan 1 (first tranche) has been implemented in the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.

2. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been prepared for Wetland Development and Conservation of Keshopur Chhumb Community Reserve (KCCR), Gurdaspur, Punjab under Tranche 1.The Wetland at Keshopur is located adjoining the town of Gurdaspur of Gurdaspur district in Punjab and it is typically a fresh water wetland with more vegetation and shallow water levels. It is located between latitude 32° 05’ 16.3” N and longitude 75° 24’ 24.2” E at an altitude of 245 meters AMSL. Total area of the reserve is about 850 acres (343.995 ha), and it comprises of a fresh water marsh (natural wetland) which is divided into two parts. The portion which is larger in area is located adjoining Miani, Dalla, Keshopur & Matwa villages and the smaller portion lies adjoining the Magarmudian village.

3. The entire area of this community reserve (CR) is owned by five villages. The CR has been notified under section 36C of Wetland Protection Act, 1972 (amended in 2006) as community reserves vide government of Punjab Notification No: 34/13/2007/Ft-v/6133 dated 25-06-2007.

4. The proposed subproject comprises of providing facilities for the development of ecotourism in KCCR on the principles of community participation to develop it as a model centre for community participation and nature education to the tourists. The subproject is required as it will help in strengthening the tourism potential of this wetland as this falls on the Sikh Heritage Route from Amritsar to Pathankot. Detailed designing began in the year 2012 and it has been completed in May 2014. Construction of all elements will begin towards the end of year 2014, and work will be completed in one and half years say by 2016.

5. There are three sections of proposed woks in KCCR. First section comprises of conservation measures for swamps including-the removal of Eichorniasps (water hyacinth), edge protection by means of plantation of trees, water conservation and soil (erosion) protection by providing low height check dams (bunds) and creation of uplands; second section comprises of providing facilities for tourism development and management including-those by providing interpretation centre, natural trails and board walks, bird hides and watch towers; third section comprises of community based social management including- capacity building, local community participation through income generation activities (IGA) and PRA, formation of eco-development committees and self-help groups.

6. Potential environmental impacts anticipated during the project construction and operation were identified and suitable environmental mitigation measures were suggested.. An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is also proposed as part of this IEE which includes (i) construction management measures that are to be adopted for safeguarding the environment during project implementation, (ii) a detailed environmental monitoring program including responsible entities for mitigation, monitoring, and reporting; (iii) public consultation and


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information disclosure; and a provision for grievance redressal mechanism. Mitigation measures have been developed in order to reduce all negative impacts and were to acceptable levels. A number of impacts and their significance have already been mitigated by amending the designs.

7. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise due to excavation in small areas which can result as a disturbance to visitors, tourists and migratory birds. These are common impacts of construction process, and there are well developed methods for their mitigation. One field in which impacts are much of interest in the subproject is pertaining to that of ecological and natural resources and a series of specific measures have been developed to avoid the damage to the ecosystem during construction.

8. There are great opportunities to provide environmental enhancements; also certain measures have been included for community development and livelihood improvement. For example it is proposed that the project will employ people who live in the vicinity of construction sites to provide them with a short-term economic gain as workforce; and it is necessary to ensure that people who are employed on a longer term to maintain and operate the new facilities are habitants of nearby communities.

9. Mitigation will be assured by the environmental monitoring program that are to be conducted during construction and operation stages. The environmental monitoring program will ensure that all measures are implemented, and will determine whether the environment is protected as intended. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) and Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) will work closely with Department of Tourism in implementing the program. Any requirements for remedial action will be reported to the Project Management Unit (PMU).

10. The net positive result due to the implementation of community based ecosystem will be beneficial to the visitors who will be provided with modern-day amenities, which will lead to economic gains of Gurdaspur. Once the system is operating, most facilities will operate with a system of routine maintenance, which will ensure that it will not affect the environment rather result in ecological improvement as expected by this project.

11. The stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE. The views expressed by the stakeholders during face-to-face discussions/were incorporated into the IEE and in the planning and development of the project as well. The IEE will be made available at public locations in the town and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB website. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation, in order to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have an opportunity to participate in its development and implementation.

12. The subproject is unlikely to cause adverse impacts. The potential adverse impacts that are associated with design, construction and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without any difficulty by adopting proper engineering design and by the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. Based on the findings of the IEE, the Project has been classified as Category “B”, and hence it does not demand any further special study or detailed EIA that needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009) or GoI EIA Notification (2006).


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INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND

13. The India Inclusive Tourism Infrastructure Development Project (IITIDP) envisages an environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism development, in the project states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand. The expected Impacts of the Project in the four states shall be sustainable and result in inclusive tourism development in priority State tourism sub circuits that are divided into marketable cluster destinations in order to exhibit enhanced protection and management of key natural and cultural heritage tourism sites, improved market connectivity, enhanced destination and site environment and tourist support infrastructure, and enhanced capacities for sustainable destination and site development with extensive participation by the private sector and local communities.

14. The Sikh heritage route cluster destination, which is located in the western part of the state, is proposed for inclusion as part of the first PFR. This cluster is based on a Sikh cultural heritage and a natural market theme. It is centred around Amritsar and Gurdaspur, with Amritsar as the main gateway, and the key attractions comprises of Amritsar heritage sites (Gobindgarh fort), pilgrimage and natural heritage sites in Gurdaspur, the Keshopur wetlands and key religious sites including Sultanpur Lodhi, Anandpur Sahib and Fatehgarh Sahib. These sites have been selected because of their potential to diversify and expand tourism demand in the state and set the framework for increasing the capacity, quality, length of stay and expenditure of pilgrim tourists.

15. Proposed works in KCCR includes removal of water hyacinth (Eichorniasps), Edge Plantation, construction of check dams and bunds, watch tower and bird hides, creation of uplands, construction of tourist interpretation centre, nature trails and boardwalk, signage’s with water mark, community participation through awareness and development of livelihood.

16. As per the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Environmental Assessment Guidelines, and in line with the Environment Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) for the project, all the sub-project components for the Sikh Heritage Route destination and KCCR are categorized as ‘B’ and an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been prepared. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) assesses the environmental impacts due to the proposed development works in KCCR and specifies measures towards addressing the impacts. The IEE was based on a review of sub-project site plans and reports; field visits, and secondary data to characterize the environment and identify potential impacts; and interviews and discussions with stakeholders.

17. Based on the findings of the IEE, an Environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared, outlining the specific environmental measures that are to be adhered to during implementation of the sub project. This EMP forms part of the contract document, and shall enable integration of environmental provisions / management measures in the Contract Document.

B. PURPOSE OF THE IEE

18. The environmental impacts for this contract package are mostly related to the location of


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the site, as the identified sub-project components are located in a community reserve area and are significant in terms of its ecological and environmental values. The proposed interventions are in accordance with the approved Management Plan for the KCCR. There are also construction impacts but these will be of limited intensity and of short duration. Therefore, as per the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Environmental Assessment Guidelines, the sub-project components are categorized as ‘B’ and this has been IEE carried out. This IEE provides mitigation measures for impacts related to location and design, construction, operation and maintenance.

C. ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY COMPLIANCE

19. The realm of environmental regulations and mandatory requirements for the proposed sub-project is shown in Table 1.The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) notification, 2006 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF, GoI) specifies the mandatory environmental clearance requirements. Accordingly, all projects and activities are broadly categorized into two categories1 - Category A and Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and potential impacts on human health and natural and man-made resources. Given that the sub-project is not covered in the ambit of the EIA notification, Environmental clearance requirements from the GoI are not triggered.

Table 1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance

Sub-Project Applicability of Acts/Guidelines Compliance Criteria

Development of Community-based Eco Tourism Facilities at Keshopur Wetland (Interpretation Centre)

The EIA notification, 2006 (and its subsequent amendments in 2009) provides for categorization of projects into category A and B, based on extent of impacts.

These sub-projects are not covered in the ambit of the EIA notification as they are not covered either under Category A or Category B of the notification. As a result, the categorization, and the subsequent environmental assessment and clearance requirements, either from the state or the GoI is not triggered.

Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 The Environment Policy and Operations Manual (OM) 2002: Environmental Considerations in ADB Operation

Categorization of sub-project components into A, B or C and developing required level of environmental assessment for each component. IEE for proposed project in KCCR is categorized as B

The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains

KCCR is not an ASI protected monument and there are no any monuments of this

1All projects or activities included as Category ‘A’ in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities and change in product mix, will require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constituted by the Central Government for the purposes of this notification; All projects or activities included as Category ‘B’ in the Schedule, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities as specified in sub paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in product mix as specified in sub paragraph (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those which fulfil the General Conditions (GC) stipulated in the Schedule, will require prior environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The SEIAA shall base its decision on the recommendations of a State or Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this notification. In addition, General Condition (GC) of the notification specifies that any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Ecoどsensitive areas, (iv) interどState boundaries and international boundaries

http://asi.nic.in/pdf_data/6.pdf



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Sub-Project Applicability of Acts/Guidelines Compliance Criteria

Act, 1958, and the rules, 1959 provide guidance for carrying out activities, including conservation, construction and reuse in and around the protected monuments.

nature within the jurisdiction of KCCR. Therefore, the provisions of the act does not apply

Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1981

Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) from the Punjab SPCB is required for setting up of hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers and diesel generators. .

The Wildlife Conservation Act, 1972, amended in 2003 and 2006, provides for protection and management of Protected Areas.

All activities in the Keshopur Chhumb Community Reserve are in line with the Management Plan approved by the Punjab Chief Wildlife Warden and the 5 Village Panchayats within the Community Reserve. However, as per section 28 (Grant of permit) of Wildlife Protection Act 1972, permission/ NoC from the Chief Wildlife warden is mandatory for this sub project.

Wetland Rules 2010 The sub project mandates prior approval from the state government as per the section 4(2) Restrictions on activities within Wetland.

20. The above Table indicates that the proposed sub-project does not need to go through a full-scale environmental assessment process; as the scale of impacts and categorization of the sub-project components will not require clearances from Competent Authorities. Therefore, any further approvals or environmental clearances from the GoI or GoP are not envisaged. The sub-project selection criteria specify that all project elements within the KCCR are in accordance with the provisions of the Management Plan.

21. The ADB guidelines, stipulate addressing environmental concerns, if any, of a proposed activity in the initial stages of Project preparation. For this, the ADB Guidelines categorizes the proposed components into categories (A, B or C) to determine the level of environmental assessment 2 that are required to address the potential impacts. The Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist method was followed as per ADB requirement to assess the potential impacts of the project during planning phase. The REA checklist is attached as Appendix-1 with this report. The sub-project has been categorized as B. Accordingly this IEE is prepared to address the potential impacts, in line with the recommended IEE content and

2Level of environmental assessment required for each category of Project, as per ADB’s Environmental Assessment

Guidelines 2003 is as follows: (i) Category A. Sub-project components with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required to address significant impacts; (ii) Category B. Sub-project components judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C. Sub-components unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are still reviewed.



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structure for Category B projects. The IEE was based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE. An Environmental management plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the sub-project has been prepared.

D. REPORT STRUCTURE

22. This Report contains eleven (11) sections including this introductory section: (i) introduction; (ii) description of project components; (iii) description of the environment; (iv) environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (v) environmental management plan; (vi) institutional requirements (vii) public consultation and information disclosure; (viii) Grievance Redress Mechanism (ix) institutional capacity building (x) findings and recommendations; and (xi) conclusions.

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT COMPONENTS

23. Sub project Proposals. The proposed works in KCCR are-

A. Conservation measure including- removal of Eichhorniasps. Edge plantation, construction of check dams and bunds, creation of uplands

B. Tourism Development and Management including- interpretation centre, nature trails, boardwalks, bird hides and watch tower, signage with water mark

C. Community Participation Program including- formation of Eco-Development Committees (EDCs), preparation of micro plans for all the five villages, education, training and orientation programs, seminars and workshops, increase the opportunity of livelihood of villagers of 5 villages under KCCR

24. A summary of each of the components is given below.

A. CONSERVATION MEASURES.

(i) Removal of Water Hyacinth (Eichhorniasps.)

25. It is observed that most of the unleased panchayat land within the wetland is heavily infested with water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes). This water hyacinth invasion is detrimental for the wetland ecosystem hence immediate removal of the same is required. Removal of water hyacinth shall be done manually by engaging labourers on daily wage basis. The water hyacinth is easy to remove after mid-March when water level decreases and eventually it dries out even the Migratory birds begins to return after migration during this period. Manual removal of such weeds is best practiced during this time as it does not affect the wetland ecosystem adversely.

(ii) Edge Plantation

26. The boundaries of wetland are marked by white poles that are put up by Forest Department. This edge can be secured and demarcated by vegetative edge creation. Native trees along with shrubs and hedges can be planted on the southern and western boundary where there is unleased Panchayat land and no fish ponds are present. Wetland boundary


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along the road and fishponds can be planted with native hedges.

(iii) Construction of Check Dams and Bunds

27. The swamp used to be spread over a wider area with enormous amount of water in past when compared to the current scenario. Due to development of the Fish ponds, lotus ponds water has been channelized at many places. This channelization of storm water leads to more soil erosion as well as less ground water percolation. Creating low height bunds at intermediate levels could effectively check the soil erosion and will also help in improving the ground water level. It will also help in maintaining the water level in the swamp during low rainfall years.

(iv) Creation of uplands

28. Once the Hyacinth is removed during the dry season, uplands/ islands/ mounds can be created at certain points using the soil from the same areas. Two artificial upland has been planned in this project.

B. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT

(i) Interpretation Centre

29. Interpretation centre can be instrumental in displaying the various exhibits related to wetland. It can play a role in creating awareness amongst local villagers regarding wetland ecology and its significance. Training and Capacity building programmes can be undertaken. Training for prospective guides from the local community needs to be initiated at the earliest, so that while the interpretation centre starts a few local guides are well trained and available. Land for Interpretation centre is identified outside of the boundary of KCCR in the vacant land.

(ii) Nature Trails and Board walk

30. Infrastructure to access and observe wetland is needed to encourage further research as well as revenue generation in terms of tourism development. However these have to be carefully planned so as to ensure sustenance of wetland habitat. 3 numbers of nature trails shall be developed one of 2.5 Meter width and two of 1.2 Meter width.

(iii) Bird Hides

31. Bird hides and watchtowers at strategic positions will ensure vigilance and tourism development. Two numbers of bird hides and one watch tower shall be developed to facilitate bird watching by visitors.

(iv) Signage with Water Mark

32. Signage whether small or large ones are proposed to be made of eco-friendly material and to merge with the environment. Two numbers (Type A- Directional and Type B-Descriptive Signage) of signage is proposed to be located at different points of wetland at appropriate places (refer to Drawing no-5 Tourism and site development plan). Though the structure of the signage is simple, it is proposed to be built using the same eco-friendly boarding material. At the same time there will be a watermark used for each of the signage content for the KCCR. The


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water mark is designed using the concept of fluid dynamics currently in the context of the site representing the dynamism offered by the fluctuating water levels of the Chhumb and the emerging varying landscape throughout the year. Though on the face of it KCCR is a still a marshland /Natural body that has evolved yearly, seasonally and daily

C. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION PROGRAM

33. Various activities planned for community participation program in KCCR are detailed in the following table-

Table 2: Community Participation Program

S. No Activities Details

1 Identification of villages through PRA, RRA and detailed survey using social staff

Maximum impact of villages 5 km radius from its boundary. Consequently, all villages falling in 5 km radius should be taken up for eco development.(Within 5 selected villages falling under Keshopur Chhumb Community Reserve)

2 Forming Eco-development committees (EDC) by engaging village level motivators and facilitators

Identified villages will be subjected to PRA and other social development related tools for rapport building, introducing the eco development concept, forming EDC, identifying and implementing entry point activities.

3 Preparation of micro plans (for 5 selected villages)

For all identified and selected villages

4 Formation of self-help groups & corpus fund

5 each in reserve villages

5 Cattle vaccination Domestic cattle in 5 selected villages of the CR

6 Introduction of agro- forestry species in farmlands

Free distribution of seedlings of fuel/fodder/fruit trees in reserve villages

7 Promotion of organic farming and IPM, Vermi composting

For reducing harmful fertilizers, insecticides etc that pollute the wetlands

8 Promotion of IGAs Vermicomposting, Firewood Brackets, Tailoring, Embroidery, Weaving, Poultry Etc.

9 Development of educational material Customized content for different target groups of stakeholders

10 Lectures/ workshops/ slide shows a) Schools & Colleges

Cover all schools & Colleges and different groups within KCCR area.

11 Celebration of special days & exposure visits to the reserve a) Schools and colleges within the KCCR area b) within 5 selected villages of KCCR area

World environment day, earth day, international biodiversity day, wetland day, wildlife week etc.

12 Film making Special films to be outsourced on migratory birds, wetland habitats and their importance etc.

13 Nature education camps and outreach for students

Hiring vehicles and arranging competitions etc.

14 Competitions within the Schools Nearby area of 5 selected villages of the KCCR every year

15 2 days (detailed) orientations on KCCR wetland (within 5 villages) Management committee members

Detailed orientations on KCCR of community and KCCR management committee


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S. No Activities Details

16 Seminars/ Workshops and Awareness camps etc. For community

Within the KCCR area with the different groups

D. PROJECT SCHEDULE AND IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

34. Implementation Period for the sub-project is 18 months. Project implementation schedule is given below:

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

A. ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE

35. KCCR is a natural wetland located in Gurdaspur district. The reserve is spread over

1000 ha, covering five villages. It lies between 32° 5’ N latitude and 75° 24’ E longitudes, at an altitude of 245 m above MSL. The large area of the wetland lies on Miani village side and is approachable from Dinanagar (12 km from NH 15) and another on the Magarmudian village side, which is 6 km from Gurdaspur town.

B. TERRAIN

36. Gurdaspur district is in the floodplains of the Ravi and the Beas and upland plain. The flood plains are low lying, with slightly uneven topography. Sand dominates in the soil structure of the floodplain. The floodplain of the Ravi is separated from the upland plain by a low scarp of less than 6 metres in height Gurdaspur district lies between the Beas River and the Ravi River, and it is one of the inter-fluvial tracts of the Punjab Plain. The track is alluvial plain with light reddish yellow clayey soil. Bowl shaped plains cause floods in certain areas with even small

1 Site Clearance / De-vegetation / Earth Removal

2 Excavation upto foundation level

3 Column Footing/ Brickwork in Foundation

4 Brick Masonary Work in Superstructure

5 Wood Work - Doors and Windows / Painting

6 Roof Laying / Terracing / Water Proofing Work

7 Water Supply and Electrification

8 Plumbing and Sanitary Work

9 Flooring Work (Internal)

10 Wall Finishes - Plastering, Pointing and Tiling

11 Sewage Disposal and Fire Fighting Work

12External Flooring (Paver Blocks), Turfing of

Lawn and Plantation

13 Misc. work / Site Clearance

18

Project Implementation Period in Month (Total = 18 Months)S. No. Activities

12 13

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR

Package- 14C: Development of Community-based Eco Tourism Facilities at Keshopur Wetland (Interpretation Centre)

171 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 15 168 9 10 11


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amount rainfall.

C. CLIMATE

37. The climate in the project district is characterized by general dryness except in south–west monsoon season. Winter season (November to March) with temperatures ranging from 4 °C to about 16 °C, and a summer season (April to July) wherein temperatures reach 45 °C. The average annual rainfall is about 800mm in Gurdaspur district. Dust storms occur in the month of May and June.

D. GEOLOGY

38. Gurdaspur district lies in the foot-hills of the Himalayas which is the oldest rock formation belongs to the Lower Shivalik formation comprising of alternating sandstone, silt and shale horizons of grey and maroon colours. The minerals found in the district are building stones, foundry sand, gold, limestone, ochre, saltpetre and fuller’s-earth.

E. SURFACE WATERS

39. Beas and Ravi rivers account for surface waters in Gurdaspur district. The rivers flood during the rainy season. All through the course of River Beas, a strip of shallow alluvial soil fringes its bank which is subject to inundation during the rainy season. The main channel of the river is broad, dotted with islands and wide pools. The depth of water varies from about 1.5 metres during the dry seasons to about 4.5 metres during the rainy seasons. The Chakki Khad is the chief tributary of the Beas in Gurdaspur district. A number of tributaries join river Ravi from both sides. On its right bank, River Ravi is joined by the Ujh, the Jalalia, the Shingarwan and the Masto, all of which rise in the Jammu hills. The Kiran and the Naumuni streams, which take their origin from local depression in Gurdaspur district, are its left bank tributaries.

40. There are a number of local swampy depressions, (locally known as Chhambs), in Gurdaspur district. The largest of these is the Kahnuwan Chhamb which stretches along the Beas River in the Gurdaspur Tehsil. Triangular in shape with its base in the south, this Chhamb receives inundated waters from the Beas, rain water from the surrounding area and percolated water from near-by canals. The Keshopur Chhamb is located north of the Gurdaspur town, between the rivers Beas and Ravi. The other chhambs are Dhamrai, Narad, Badi-ul-Zaman, Paniar, Bucha Nangal, Naranwali, Magarmudian and Bhopar. Upper Bari Doab Canal System irrigates most of the upland plain of the Gurdaspur district.

41. Six water samples were collected from the Chhumb area during the preliminary field survey to check the water quality. The water samples collected from the following sites:

(i) Starting of Main Nallah (ii) Center of Nallah (iii) End of Nallah (iv) Fish pond (v) Lotus pond with birds congregation (vi) Lotus pond without birds congregation

42. The water samples were tested for their physico-chemical properties with the important


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parameters like pH, conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, BOD, COD, Total Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Phosphate, Sulfate and nitrate. Moreover the MPN of coli forms were also estimated to know the presence of E. Coliin the water samples.

43. The physico-chemical parameter shows that the Chhumb water having normal pH almost around 7; significant difference in micro nutrients (sulphur and phosphorous) was observed in the water samples collected from the Chhumb area where high congregation of birds were recorded during the survey. The level of COD and BOD is also found comparatively higher indicating low nutrient level and degradation activity in the water. E. coli have not been detected in any of the sample which shows less contamination in the water. The high level of micro nutrients might be due to presence of bird droppings and agricultural runoff in the pond water. However presence of aquatic plants and other macro fauna in the Chhumb are able to maintain the balance of nutrients and help in sustaining the ecosystem. Water Test reports of KCCR are attached as Appendix 2&3 with this report.

44. Water quality data of major surface water resources in District Gurdaspur are given in the Table below.

Table 3: Surface Water Quality in River Beas and Ravi in Gurdaspur

Parameter Beas River (At Mirthal Bridge, Gurdaspur)

Ravi River (at U/S of Madhopur

Head Works, Gurdaspur) Mean Temperature (degrees C) 20 16

pH 7.7 7.4

Conductivity (microsiemens/cm) 317 289

Nitrate (mg/l) 0.8 0.9

Nitrite (mg/l) 0.8 1.6

DO (mg/l) 7.6 8.0

BOD.(mg/l) 0.8 0.2

COD. (mg/l) 3.4 2.1

Faecal Coliforms (MPN / 100ml) 143 10

Total Coliforms (MPN / 100ml) 650 50 Source: Central Pollution Control Board

F. GROUND WATER

45. Tube-wells form a major source of groundwater in Gurdaspur. All parameters comply with desirable limits under Indian Standards. Hardness measured as alkalinity, is the only parameter exceeding desirable limits, but lies within the permissible Limit. The only form of treatment is disinfection by the addition of bleaching powder at a limited number of the wells. Data available on ground water quality in Gurdaspur are shown in Table below.

Table 4: Ground Water Quality

S. No. Parameter Units measured Indian Standards

1 Specific conductance 235-1640 500

2 Calcium(mg/l) 14-65

3 Magnesium(mg/l) 10-56 30


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S. No. Parameter Units measured Indian Standards

4 Sodium (mg/l) 8-155

5 Potassium(mg/l) 1.0-260

6 Total hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 122-274 150

7 Bicarbonate (mg/l) 113-350 300

8 Nitrate as NO3 (mg/l) 1-146 45

9 Chlorine (mg/l) 7-179 250

10 Fluoride (mg/l) 0.12-1.16 0.6 – 1.2

11 pH 7.77-8.25 Source: Groundwater information booklet, Gurdaspur, Punjab, Central Ground Water Board, Chandigarh

G. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

46. Ambient air quality measurements in Gurdaspur districts, as monitored by the Punjab Pollution Control Board within urban areas are shown in Table below.

Table 5: Ambient Air Quality

Parameter Gurdaspur Standards

Residential Commercial Industrial

SPM (µg/m3) 230 200 100 500

SO2 (µg/m3) 10 80 30 120

NOx (µg/m3) 24 80 30 120

Source: PPCB, Patiala

H. AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS

47. Ambient noise quality has been monitored by Punjab Pollution Control Board Pollution (PPCB) at various locations, indicating high noise levels largely from vehicles. Noise level measures in Batala city of Gurdaspur district ranges from 64 dB to 68 dB.

I. AGRICULTURE AND VEGETATION

48. The principal kharif crops are paddy, cotton, maize and sugarcane; subsidiary crops are kharif vegetables, such as ladyfinger, cauliflower, tomato, brinjal, cucurbits, kharif pulses and fruits. The principal rabi crops are wheat, gram, barley etc. Wheat, Maize, Rice and Bajra are the important cereals of the state. Wheat dominates the production among overall crop pattern, while cotton is the major cash crop produced. Groundnut, Sugarcane and Potatoes are other crops. The principal rabi oilseeds (sarson, toramira, alsi and toria), and winter vegetables such as peas, turnip, radish, carrots, lobia.

49. In terms of natural vegetation, in the Shahpur Kandi range which lies in the hilly tract, the forests are mainly of the miscellaneous hardwood species and the Chil pine. Where water facilities are available, Shisham, mulberry, eucalyptus and poplar are being planted. Besides mango and mulberry, other fruit trees cultivated in the district include orange and Kinnow Lemon tree.


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J. ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES

50. Flora: The forests in Amritsar and Gurdaspur districts are dense forests and there are no open or scrub forests. Fairly rich soil and moderate rain fall with certainty suits for growth of varied flora in Amritsar district. Shisham (Dalbergiasissoo) and Kikar (Acacia arabica) are the main timber-trees. There are no reserved forests in and around the proposed sub-project locations proposed to be taken up under the Sikh heritage route destination improvements.

51. Vegetation in KCCR: Vegetation was studied during the field walk and they were listed according to their occurrence in the Chhumb. Broadly vegetation has been grouped in to three categories for the present survey report.

(i) Vegetation on Bunds (ii) Semi Aquatic (iii) Aquatic/ Submerged Vegetation

52. Vegetation on bunds is mainly herbaceous. The most dominant species in the bunds were Cynodondactyion, Partheniumhysterophorus and Chenopodiumambrosioides, Alternanthera Spp., Erigeron Spp., Cucumishardwickii, Ageratum conyzoides, Ageratum Houstonianum and Cassia Occidentalis. Out of these Parthenium and Chenopodium are observed as invasive and potential threat to the native herbaceous species occurring in the Chhumb. Apart from these, also some root and fruit yielding vegetation was observed on bunds which included Muli (Raddish), Sarson (Mustard). Especially Mustard plantation due to its bloom in winter season can attract insects, which in turn may be helpful for small birds.

53. Following species also can thrive in similar habitat and can add to variety of feeding and nesting habitat for small birds-

(i) Cucumissativus (ii) Cucumissp. (iii) Cassia tora (Takla) (iv) Ageratum conzoides (Goat Weed) (v) Saccharumspontaneum (Kans Grass) (vi) Anabismultiflora (Bhang)

54. Various grasses can be used on the slope of the bunds that can create safer habitat for amphibian, ground nesting birds and also prevent soil erosion. Following are some of the species suggested to encourage their growth in the area-

(i) Eragrostiscynosuroides (Dab / Darbh) (ii) Cynadondactilon (iii) Saccharumspontaneum (Kans Grass)

55. Semi aquatic and Aquatic Vegetation: The lotus dominated ponds have species like Nelumbonucifera, Trapanatans, Nymphaeanouchali, Lemna minor, Ipomoea aquatic, Polygonumlapathifolium and Eichhorniacrassipes. Whereas ponds develop for Singhara (Trapa) cultivation have the species like Panicumantidotale, Lemna major, Desmostachyabipinnata, Enydrafluctuans, Polygonumlapathifolium, Hydrocotylesibthorpioides and Hygrophilapolysperma.


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56. A mosaic of wet marsh meadows, which is manly dominated by the species like Ipomoea fistulosa, Arundodonax, Phragmitiskarka, Typha elephantine, Saccharumspontaneum along with various other species form a special habitat to support faunal diversity of the wetland in various ways, viz. nesting, breeding, food, as hide and enrichment of the soil.

57. Trees: It was observed that the Chhumb is very sparsely surrounded by the big trees, which are very important for roosting of some wetland obligatory species like Herons, Cormorants, Egrets, etc. Further these birds also use these trees for their nesting called Heronry. Resident ducks uses the hoes of the trees for egg laying. However there are few trees we observed at the southern edge of the Chhumb. Secondly the trees around the fish ponds are unwanted to the fishing community as they provide good perching site for fish eating birds and they block Sunlight in winter season not allowing water temperature to rise in a day. This harms the fish as winters are extremely cold in this region. Local fish pond owners also suggested that the leaf litter adds to organic load to the water body which is still detrimental to the cultivated fish in the pond.

58. However it is suggested that tree plantation in clusters of native trees along with suitable shrubs and undergrowth should be encouraged in other parts of the wetland. These trees can demarcate boundaries of the wetland hence conserve the community reserve from further encroachment of agriculture and non-wetland uses as well as further enhancement of the biodiversity of the region.

59. Some native species of trees observed in the area are- Albizzia, Acacia, Anogeissus, Bombax, Cassia, Citrus, Dalbergia, Eugenia, Mallotut, Melia, Populasalba, Terminaliachehula, Morusindica/ laevigata, Pongamia, Pinnata, Azadirachtaindica, Bauhinia malabarica, Tectonagrandis

60. Invasive species: Invasive species, also called invasive exotics or simply exotics, is a nomenclature term and categorization phrase used for flora and fauna, and for specific restoration-preservation processes in native habitats, with several definitions. The first definition, the most used, applies to introduce species (also called "non-indigenous" or "non-native") that adversely affect the habitats and bioregions they invade economically, environmentally, and/or ecologically. Such invasive species may be either plants or animals and may disrupt by dominating a region, wilderness areas, particular habitats, or wild land from loss of natural controls (such as predators or herbivores). This includes non-native invasive plant species labeled as exotic pest plants and invasive exotics growing in native plant communities. The major invasive species observed in Chhumb during the preliminary survey- Parthenium, Chenopodiumambrosioides, Eichhorniacrassipes.

61. Fauna: Notable wild animals in Gurdaspur district include blue bull (nilgai) in the jungles between the Beas and the canal north of Gurdaspur and the south-east of the Pathankot Tehsil, panther (cheetah) also in the same tract as well as in the hill circle of the Pathankot Tehsil. The major migratory birds in Keshopur wetland include, gadwall, pintail, common teal, wigeon, mallard, shoveler, black headed gull, brown headed gull, booted eagle, marsh harrier, grey leg goose, painted stork, ruff and reeve, garganey teal, ruddy shel duck, spotted sandpiper, green sandpiper, spotted red shank, red shank, little stint, little ringed plover, red wattled lapwing, European lapwing, wire tailed swallow, red rumped swallow, Alpine swift, house swift, small blue king fisher, Himalayan Pied kingfisher, white wagtail, grey wag tail, greater spotted eagle and spot billed duck. Few resident birds in the area are Sarus crane, Indian moorhen, Litter and


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large cormorant, Little egret, Median egret, Large egret, White breasted kingfisher, Grey heron, Purple heron, Darter, Babchick, Coot, River tern, , Wire tailed swallow, House swift, Common kingfisher, Purple moorhen, Paria kite, Pied myna, Painted stork, Black partridge, Common snipe, Indian grey hornbill, Hoopoe, Parakeets, Owl, Wagtail, Indian robin, Woodpecker, Black kite, Spotted dove, Pigeon, Shikra, Drango and Egyptian vulture. The habitat is unique for the cranes.

62. Aquatic and terrestrial birds recorded in KCCR: Total 62 species of aquatic and terrestrial birds have been recorded during the preliminary field survey of three days in the Chhumb region. 23% of the bird species were recorded as migratory, 43% birds are resident and 32% of bird species as resident migratory birds. This reveals that the Chhumb is an important habitat for both Migratory and resident bird species and can be developed as a good breeding ground for resident birds. Following table shows the detailed list of birds with their common names, residential status and feeding habits.

Table 6: Preliminary Survey of Bird

S. No. Birds Identified R Status Feeding Guild

1 Bar -Headed Goose RM Granivore

2 Ruddy Shelduck M Omnivorous

3 Gadwall M Aquatic Vegetable

4 Eurasian Wigeon M Aquatic Vegetable

5 Spot-Billed Duck RM Granivore

6 Common Teal M Granivore

7 Garganey M Aquatic Vegetable

8 Northern Pintail M Aquatic Vegetable

9 Northern Shoveler M Animal Matter

10 Common Pochard M Omnivorous

11 Tufted Pochard M Molluscs

12 White Eyed Pochard RM Omnivorous

13 Common Hoopoe RM Insectivore

14 White Throated Kingfisher R Pisivore

15 Pied Kingfisher R Pisivore

16 Greater Coucal R Insectivore

17 Rose Ringed Parakeet R Frugivore

18 Blue Rock Pigeon R Granivore

19 Red Collard Dove R Granivore

20 Common Moorhen RM Insectivore

21 Purpule Swamp Hen R Insectivore

22 Common Coot RM Aquatic Vegetable

23 Common Sandpiper R Insectivore

24 Black Winged Stilt R Insectivore

25 Pheasant Tailed Jacana R Aquatic Insect

26 Northern Lapwing RM Insectivore

27 Red Wattled Lapwing R Insectivore

28 Pallas's Gull M Pisivore

29 Black Headed Gull M Pisivore

30 Brown Headed Gull RM Pisivore

31 River Turn R Pisivore

32 Osprey RM Pisivore

33 Bramhani Kite R Carnivore


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S. No. Birds Identified R Status Feeding Guild

34 Pariha Kite R Omnivorous

35 Steppe Eagle R Carnivore

36 Little Grebe R Aquatic Insect

37 Little Cormorant RM Aquatic Insect

38 Great Cormorant RM Pisivore

39 Cattle Egret RM Insectivore

40 Intemidiate Egret RM Insectivore

41 Great Egret RM Pisivore

42 Indian Pond Heron R Pisivore

43 Grey Heron RM Pisivore

44 Purple Heron RM Pisivore

45 Black Headed Ibis R Granivore

46 Glossy Ibis RM Molluscs

47 Asian Open Bill Stork R Carnivore

48 Rufous Tree Pie R Insectivore

49 House Crow R Omnivorous

50 Black Drongo R Insectivore

51 Common Starling R Omnivorous

52 Common Maina R Omnivorous

53 Pied Maina R Omnivorous

54 Barn Swallow RM Insectivore

55 White Wagtail RM Granivore

56 Yellow Wagtail RM Granivore

57 Bay Backed Shrike R Carnivore

58 Black Tailed Godwit M Molluscs

59 Common Green Shank M Insectivore

60 Tawny Eagle R Carnivore

61 Gray Lag Goose M Aquatic Vegetable

62 Red Vented Bulbul R Frugivore

63. The Keshopur wetland lies just off National Highway 15 with an area of around 850 acres and spreads across five villages, and is close to the district town of Gurdaspur. It attracts migratory birds and eco-tourists. The Keshopur Wetland Management Plan is a comprehensive strategy and guide prepared in consultation with the local community, state Forest Department, and NGOs by the Wildlife Institute of India. It's major achievement is the designation of land use zones – Minimum Disturbance Zone (for protection and promotion of the natural wetland. This zone shall be subject to complete protection and no resource use. There are no subprojects proposed in this area); Sustainable Use Zone (this zone is under intense resource use in the form of fish ponds and cultivation of lotus and singhara. Communities agreed with local and state governments that there will be no more expansion of activities within this zone and will explore possibilities for making resource use more sustainable and consider alternative livelihood activities both within and outside this area, which are conservation friendly and have potential to strengthen the livelihood of the communities. Habitat protection efforts shall be applied in this zone as per the Management Plan. The subprojects occur in this zone.); Eco Development Zone (this zone extends outside the community reserve and will cover all five villages. Major interventions in this zone will be strengthening the livelihoods for the local communities through eco development programs and awareness building through extension programs); Extended Management Zone (this zone will cover seasonal habitats of migratory


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birds scattered in the adjoining landscape of the community reserve including the habitations. The inputs in this zone are in the form of extension activities and monitoring). The Management Plan and the project design aim to enhance options for nature-based tourism for community livelihood benefit and wetland conservation. Moreover, as part of the Management Plan implementation, the Wildlife Wing of the Forest Department has engaged communities through a continued participatory approach to conserve the wetland for eco-tourist potential and economic benefits.

64. Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource Management: No natural or critical habitats or sensitive ecological areas will be impacted by the Project. Subprojects will be located outside ecologically sensitive areas and will be consistent with defined protected area management plan that prescribes conservation zones where no activity is allowed. Therefore, the subprojects will be consistent with the ADB SPS for conserving biodiversity by: (i) avoiding natural and critical habitats; (ii) ensuring consistency with defined protected area management plans; and (iii) implementing additional capacity building, awareness raising, and training programs for livelihood development and wetland conservation for the sustainable management of these areas.

K. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

65. Population data of Gurdaspur district is shown in table below.

Table 7: Demography, Gurdaspur

S. No. Indicator Gurdaspur district

1 Total population (Nos.) 2104011

2 % of Female population 47.09%

3 % of urban population 25.43%

4 Sex-ratio of total population 890

5 % of population below 6 years of age 13.31%

6 % of scheduled tribes NIL

7 Total Literacy Ratio (TLR) 73.76%

8 Female Literacy Ratio (FLR) 67.15%

9 Work Participation Rate (WPR) 33.3%

10 Female WPR 13.08%

11 % of Main workers 81.12%

12 % of Workers in agriculture 34.54%


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L. INDUSTRIES

The secondary and tertiary industrial sector activities are pre-dominant in Gurdaspur and its surrounding urban centers. The main industries of the city are wool, cotton and textile mills, machinary as well as dairy and light engineering works. In addition to agriculture,

small scale industrial manufacturing include agriculture implements, cycle and cycle parts, nuts and bolt, printing machine, sewing machine and parts, electric motors,

electric fans, glass beads, cotton ginning, automobile parts, radio and amplifiers, food products such as papad, jam and murabba, Gur and khandsari, and chemicals including

paints and pigments, dyes and colours, soap manufacturing, oil and perfume. People around the villages and wetland are agriculturist sand farmers and are dependent on

farming. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) 66. All works undertaken towards protection of environmental resources as part of the EMP and as part of good engineering practices while adhering to relevant specifications will be deemed to be incidental to works being carried out and no separate payment will be made unless otherwise specified explicitly. The costs towards environmental management as per EMP unless otherwise provided as a separate head, will be deemed to be part of the BoQ of the project. The scope of works of the contractor towards the implementation of the environmental provisions shall be as follows:

• Abide by all existing Environmental regulations and requirements of the Government of India , during implementation,

• Compliance with all mitigation measures and monitoring requirements set out in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

• Submission of a method statement detailing how the subproject EMP will be complied with. This shall include methods and schedule of monitoring.

• Monitoring of project environmental performance and periodic submission of monitoring reports.

• Compliance with all measures required for construction activities in sensitive areas, including heritage monuments, in line with the regulatory requirements of these Protected / Heritage areas, and the guidelines set forth in the management plans for these areas, including the necessary archaeological surveys prior to commencement of works, obtaining clearances/permits to excavate & construct in protected areas around historical sites.

• Compliance of all safety rules at work, and provision of adequate health and safety measures such as water, food, sanitation, personal protective equipment, workers insurance, and medical facilities.

67. The detailed provisions for specific environmental issues shall be as outlined in the EMP table on impacts and mitigation measures. Key clauses to be incorporated in the bid document are outlined in the following sections.

QUARRY AND BORROWING

68. The contractor will identify and seek prior approval of the engineer for quarrying and borrowing operations. Quarry and borrowing will be carried only from locations approved by the engineer. Quarrying, if required in the project will be only from approved quarries and no new


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quarries will be opened for the purposes of the project. Any deviation from the provisions will be immediately notified and approval of the engineer is to be sought.

69. The Contractor shall maintain all borrow sites, stockpiles, and spoil disposal areas so as to assure the stability and safety of the works and that any adjacent feature is not endangered, and to assure free and efficient natural and artificial drainage, and to prevent erosion. Stockpiling of materials (topsoil, fill material, gravel, aggregates, and other construction materials) shall not be allowed during rainy season unless covered by a suitable material. Storage on private property will be allowed if written permission is obtained from the owner or authorized lessee.

70. Borrow areas and quarries shall be sited, worked, and restored in accordance with the specifications. Spoils shall be disposed of at approved disposal sites prepared, filled, and restored in accordance with the related specification requirements.

DEBRIS DISPOSAL

71. The contractor will, prior to start of construction and dismantling operations identify potential sites for disposal of hazardous construction debris, sites for general construction wastes and domestic wastes from construction camps. The contractor will obtain approval on identified sites from the Engineer of Supervision Consultant and disposal will be only after consent letter from the Engineer.

PRECAUTIONS FOR PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES

72. The Contractor shall ensure that construction activities do not result in any contamination of land or water by polluting substances.

73. Unless otherwise provided in the specifications, the Contractor shall ensure that no trees or shrubs or other vegetation are felled or harmed except those required to be cleared for execution of the works. The Contractor shall protect trees and vegetation from damage to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

74. In the conduct of cleaning activities and operation of equipment, the Contractor will utilize such practicable methods and devices as are reasonably available to control, prevent and otherwise minimize air/noise pollution.

NOISE AND AIR POLLUTION

75. All works will be carried out without unreasonable noise and air pollution. Subject and without prejudice to any other provision of the Contract and the law of the land and its obligation as applicable, the Contractor will take all precautions outlined in the EMP to avoid the air and noise pollution.

76. The Contractor shall monitor the environmental parameters periodically as specified in the monitoring plan and report to the Engineer.

77. The Contractor shall reduce the dust emission due to construction activities by regular water sprinkling in the affected areas.


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78. All the construction equipments and vehicles shall have Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certificate to ensure that no air pollution may be caused due to operation of their equipments and vehicles.

79. All the construction equipments and vehicles should remain all time in good conditions up to satisfaction of site engineers.

80. The Contractor shall indemnify and keep indemnified the Employer from and against any liability for damages on account of noise or other disturbance created while carrying out the work, and from and against all claims, demands, proceedings, damages, costs, charges, and expenses, whatsoever, in regard or in relation to such liability.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION

81. The Contractor shall, in accordance with the safety and health provisions specified in the EMP, provide workers with a safe and healthy working environment, in the work areas, through application of preventive and protective measures consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the ADB’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines. The borrower/client will take steps to prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring during the course of work by-

• providing preventive and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances;

• providing appropriate equipment to minimize risks and requiring and enforcing its use;

• training workers and providing them with appropriate incentives to use and comply with health and safety procedures and protective equipment;

• documenting and reporting occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents; and

• having emergency prevention, preparedness, and response arrangements in place.

• Provide first aid facilities in all the work sites and workers camp and having qualified first aider to give first aid at the time of any accident.

• Contractor should provide safe drinking water, clean eating and resting areas and sufficient amenities at work site and workers camps.

• Contractor should have prepared emergency response plan with full details and methods of emergency response during any accident and shall have and display the emergency contract numbers at site.

• Contractor should follow all the applicable rules and regulations for workers safety.

POST CONSTRUCTION CLEARANCE

82. On completion of work, wherever applicable, the Contractor shall clear away and remove from the sites all constructional plant, surplus materials, rubbish, scaffoldings, and temporary works of every kind and leave the whole of the sites and works in a clean condition to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

83. Construction camp sites and any other sites temporarily occupied during construction shall be cleared as specified in the contract and handed over to the Owner. It will be ensured by


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the contractor that the site handed over is in line with the conditions of temporary acquisition signed by both parties.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 84. The assessment for environmental impacts due to the implementation of this project, which envisages providing infrastructural utility services in Gobindgarh fort, has been carried out for potential impacts during the following stages of the project planning and implementation:

• Location impacts. Impacts associated with site selection, including impacts on environment and resettlement or livelihood related impacts on communities and wildlife

• Design impacts. Impacts arising from project design, including the technology used, scale of operations, discharge standards etc.

• Construction impacts. Impacts resulting from construction activities including site clearance, earthworks, civil works, etc.

• O&M impacts. Impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the infrastructure built in the project.

LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT

85. The proposed sub-project is within the lands available with the KCCR and nearby areas. The KCCR has been notified under section 36C of wetland protection Act, 1972 (amended in 2006) as community reserve vide government of Punjab Notification No: 34/13/2007/Ft-v/6133 dated 25-06-2007. However, the ecological boundaries of this ecosystem extend much beyond boundaries of the KCCR and this entire tract serves as an important habitat for migratory waterfowl. There are no impacts envisaged on land acquisition or resettlement due to the proposed subprojects. In the event of any land acquisition or resettlement requirements during the project implementation, the same shall be carried out in line with the provisions of the Resettlement Framework developed for the project.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

86. The Environmental Management Plan for this sub project provides the potential environmental impacts and the mitigation measures including the responsibilities for implementing the measures. An overview of the proposed impacts is summarized as follows.

(i) Location Impacts

87. The sub-project locations in the Keshopur Community Reserve are within the areas designated for eco-tourism development as part of the management plan for the wetland, and the outside areas are demarcated for habitat protection and conservation. Location impacts pertaining to siting of components within and outside the boundaries of KCCR have been addressed through siting of the proposed sub-project components in conformance to the Zonation of the Community Reserve and selection of components shall be consistent with the provisions of the Management Plan.


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(ii) Design Impacts & Pre Construction Impacts

88. Impacts arising from the inappropriate designs of proposed facilities would in general include the inadequate drainage provisions, contemporary designs for the traditional and cultural environment etc. These have been addressed through careful selection of materials, so as to not adversely impact the ecological and aesthetic appeal of the surroundings. The results of interventions are unobtrusive and will be an integral part of the overall ambience so as to avoid impacts on the aesthetics of the site.

(iii) Construction Impacts

89. The construction stage impacts due to the proposed project components are generic to the construction activities. However, given that the sub-projects being located in an ecologically sensitive area, it is important to take all possible care to avoid the seemingly ecological impacts on these sensitive locations. Hence, the EMP emphasizes on the construction impacts and necessary mitigation measures are to be strictly followed by the contractor and supervised by the DSC. During construction, the following key impacts are envisaged on these aspects: (i) earthwork in excavation (ii) disposal of construction waste materials (iii) dust generation, air and noise from construction activities, (iv) impacts arising from the phasing of the project i.e. project should be phased out by avoiding the birds migration and breeding periods

(iv) O & M Impacts

90. Impacts on environmental conditions associated with the operation stage of the sub-project components pertains to impacts due to enhanced tourist activities in the KCCR. The impacts pertaining to regulation of tourist movements, planning the extent of facilities and amenities in line with the carrying capacity shall enable addressal of operation stage impacts. Conformance to the management plan of the KCCR shall ensure addressal of impacts in the operation stage.

MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION PHASE

(v) Responsibilities of Contractors

91. No person shall, in a migratory bird sanctuary, carry on any activity that is harmful to migratory birds or the eggs, nests or habitat of migratory birds, except under authority of a permit;

• No person shall hunt migratory birds;

• No person shall disturb, destroy or take the nests of migratory birds;

• No person shall have in his possession a live migratory bird, or a carcass, skin, nest or egg of a migratory bird;

• No person shall carry any firearm or any hunting appliance in KCCR, this does not apply to any resident or person actually domiciled in a migratory bird sanctuary while that resident or person is in his residence or transporting any firearms or a hunting appliance to or from his residence;

• No person who owns a dog or cat shall permit the dog or cat to run at large in a migratory bird sanctuary;

• No person shall, in KCCR, use a boat or other floating device that is equipped


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with any means of propulsion other than sails or oars except under authority of a permit;

• Post the KCCR with signs reading “Bird Sanctuary, No Hunting, No Dogs/Cats, Day Use Only, Please help us protect birds, wildlife and vegetation”. This posting language will allow workers, visitors, nature photographers, bird-watchers, and boaters to access the KCCR, but will prohibit overnight camping, fires, trash disposal, collection of plants and animals, and other disallowed activities;

• Regularly remove trash from KCCR on scheduled clean-up days;

• Report over-night camping activities, campfires, or other inappropriate human use of the KCCR, and inappropriate behaviour from construction workers affecting wildlife and bird protection and conservation.

(vi) Responsibilities of PIU & DSC

• Undertake community and individual landowner activities to reduce fertilizer, pesticide, and other chemicals in storm water runoff from agricultural lands;

• Participate in regular “vegetation” patrols and work-days to remove non-native vegetation on KCCR, to prevent re-infestations of invasive plants, and ensure that the restoration project will have long-term value to the native plant communities of KCCR

• Sponsor seminars and/or distribute educational materials to landowners about environmentally beneficial conservation procedures, especially to reduce excess fertilizer use or pet waste contamination of waterways draining into KCCR;

• Increase citizen stewardship of natural areas through participation in the habitat management and planting projects at KCCR, trash clean-ups, and other environmental habitat management projects;

• Involve students from area schools in land stewardship activities;

• Promote community and volunteer participation in trash and monofilament clean-up activities;

• Enlist the community, neighbours, and others in reporting over-night camping, and other inappropriate activities;

• Initiate a large-scale cooperative effort among agencies, community groups, and private landowners to remove non-native plants;

• Replant treated areas with native plants and shrubs appropriate for KCCR;

• Continue regular “vegetation” patrol/non-native vegetation removal on KCCR, to ensure that non-native species do not re-infest it;

• Organize citizen volunteer clean-ups to remove trash from KCCR; Educate community leaders and members of the public concerning proper trash disposal.

(vii) Responsibilities of Management Committee of KCCR

• Re-evaluate the State Lease to the KCCR and Identify appropriate alternate lessees for KCCR.

• Continue cooperative efforts among land owners, leasers and others to post, protect, and monitor the bird habitats in KCCR;

• Develop a community education program about the importance of the major bird nesting and habitat in KCCR

• Work with various community leaders and agencies to involve the public in


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management activities

• Organize planned work events that build community support and understanding of conservation needs for bird habitats.

• Enlist media coverage of community activities 92. Following Table 8 shows the environmental impacts and mitigation measures to be followed in this project

Table 8: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation measures S. No

Environmental Issues

Duration / Extent

Magnitude

Mitigation Measures Responsibilit

y1. Location Impacts 1.1 Location

impacts pertaining to siting of facilities and improvements within the boundaries of the KCCR

Permanent Major Location of the sub-projects within protected areas as the KCCR shall be finalized in conformity to the provisions in the management plan. The proposed interventions shall be mapped onto the plans of the management plan showing the zones, to ensure that there is conformity with the management plan. The Zonation proposed in the management plan shall guide the siting of various project components in and around the KCCR. Siting of the components and planning of construction activities will be worked out to avoid sensitive ecology (in case of Keshopur - the key areas for bird habitats). All construction activities will minimize the clearance of trees wherever practicable.

PIU / DSC consultants

2. Design and pre-construction Impacts

2.1 Layout of components to avoid impacts on sensitive areas

Permanent Severe The project components in the vicinity of protected areas (location of tourist information centre, parking, locations where the toilet blocks, provision of water supply to tourists, parking, footpaths, signage etc) siting shall avoid impacts on the KCCR, cultural properties /monuments etc. Access roads to the construction site shall be worked out to ensure minimal impacts.

PIU / DSC Consultants / Contractor

2.2 Increased storm water runoff from alterations of the site’s

Permanent Major Design of proposed components will enable efficient drainage of the sites and maintain natural drainage patterns. The siting of

PIU / DSC Consultants


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S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


ynatural drainage patterns due to landscaping, excavation works in the periphery of the wetland, construction of parking lots, and addition of paved surfaces.

the project components, involving physical construction shall be done to ensure no disruption of natural drainage patterns or flows into the wetland. Addition of paved surfaces, including parking lots etc within 500 m of the periphery of the wetland boundaries shall be minimized.

2.3 Potential impacts on ground water quality and impacts due to siting of septic tanks in the toilets proposed in the vicinity of the KCCR, and in other locations with high water table.

Permanent Major At locations with shallow water table, the design of the septic tanks shall be done to ensure that there is a difference of at least 1.5m between the bottom bed of the septic tank and the maximum ground water level, to avoid any contamination of ground water


2.4 Selection of materials and construction technologies, if not carefully chosen, will adversely impact the aesthetic appeal of the destinations

Permanent Major Designs to be worked out in such a manner that exposed steel and concrete structures are avoided. The design brief for all components proposed will strictly conform to the architectural character of the destinations. The usage of heavy construction machinery for conservation of KCCR will be disallowed. Any new landscaping elements will only utilize native species to protect local biodiversity


2.5 Integration of energy efficiency and energy conservation programs in design of sub-project components

Permanent Moderate The detailed designs for the sub-project components shall ensure that environmental sustainability principles, including energy efficiency, resource recycling, waste minimization etc. are integrated, and designs accordingly worked out.

PIU/DSC Consultants

3. Pre-construction activities by contractor3.1 Construction

Camps – Location,

Temporary Moderate The construction camps will be located at least 1000m away from eco-sensitive zones (the

Contractor / DSC Consultants


Page | 30

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


ySelection, Design and Layout

boundaries of the Community reserve) and 500m away from settlements. The construction camps including sanitation facilities, shelter, canteen, first aid, health care, day crèche facilities must be adequately drained, and must not be subject to periodic flooding, nor located within 300 feet of swamps, pools, sink holes or other surface collections of water unless such water surface can be subjected to mosquito control measures. The camps must be located such that the drainage from and through the camps will not endanger any domestic or public water supply. All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions such that water may get stagnant and become a nuisance.

3.2 Defining of construction/work areas on ground, for activities within 200m of the boundaries of the protected areas (KCCR)

Temporary Moderate Construction work area will be demarcated on ground. Free-standing fencing will be erected in advance of construction works to protect the ecological resources near to the construction footprint and any working areas. No storage of materials will be allowed within 100 m of the boundaries of such protected/sensitive areas. Planning of works to ensure that no entry shall be allowed by employees/construction/site workers to the protected areas during the construction period to limit disturbance impacts on the associated habitats and fauna.


3.3 Site clearance activities, including delineation of construction areas

Temporary Moderate The commencement of site clearance activities will be undertaken with due permission from the Environment Specialist of the DSC consultant to minimize environmental impacts. All areas used for temporary construction operations will be subject to complete restoration to their former condition with appropriate aftercare



Page | 31

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


yprocedures.

3.4 Drinking water availability and water arrangement

Temporary Severe The contractor will be responsible for arrangement of water in every workplace at suitable and easily accessible place for the whole construction period. Sufficient supply of cold potable water to be provided and maintained. If the drinking water is obtained from an intermittent public water supply then, storage tanks will be provided.


3.5 Identification of disposal sites

Permanent Major Location of disposal sites will be finalized by the Environmental Specialist of the DSC and he will confirm that: disposal of the material does not impact natural drainage courses or surface water bodies or low lying areas and that no endangered / rare flora is impacted by such materials


4. Construction Impacts 4.1 Improper

stockpiling of construction materials cause impacts starting from obstruction of drainage, disturbance/ safety hazard to tourists, etc.

Permanent Moderate Adequate safety precautions will be ensured during transportation of quarry material from quarries to the construction site. Vehicles transporting the material will be covered to prevent spillage. Operations to be undertaken by the contractor as per the direction and satisfaction of the Engineer.


4.2 Stripping, stocking and preservation of top soil

Permanent Moderate The topsoil from areas of cutting and areas to be permanently covered (proposed site for interpretation centre and other tourist amenities) will be stripped to a specified depth of 150mm, trans located and stored in stock piles. The stockpile will be designed such that the slope does not exceed 1:2 (vertical to horizontal). Stockpiles will not be surcharged or otherwise loaded and multiple handling will be kept to a minimum to ensure that no compaction will occur. The stockpiles will be covered with gunny bags or tarpaulin. It will be ensured by the contractor that



Page | 32

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


ythe topsoil will not be unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or when in stockpiles. Such stockpiled topsoil will be returned to cover the disturbed area and cut slopes.

4.3 Soil Erosion Temporary Moderate Slope protection measures will be undertaken along slopes of the road alignment wherever required. The work will consist of measures as per design, or as directed by the Engineer to control soil erosion, sedimentation and water pollution.


4.4 Soil and Water Pollution due to fuel and lubricants, construction waste

Temporary Moderate The fuel storage and vehicle cleaning area will be stationed such that water discharge does not drain into the surface water bodies. Soil and water pollution parameters will be monitored as per monitoring plan.


4.5 Siltation of water bodies due to spillage of construction wastes

Temporary Moderate Silt fencing to be provided at all water bodies near construction sites to prevent sediments from the construction site to enter into the watercourses. The number of units of silt fencing to be installed is to be decided by the engineer. Haul roads on the site and approaches to the watercourse (or drains leading to watercourses) will be regularly cleaned to prevent the build-up of mud; areas of bare soil will be kept to a practical minimum to reduce silt runoff. No disposal of construction wastes will be carried out into the Chhumb. Extraneous construction wastes will be transported to the pre-identified disposal site for safe disposal.


4.6 Generation of Dust

Temporary Moderate The contractor will take every precaution to reduce the levels of dust at construction sites to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All earthworks to be protected/covered in a manner acceptable to the satisfaction of the engineer to minimize dust



Page | 33

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


ygeneration. Clearance work will be in effect immediately by manual sweeping and removal of debris, or if so directed by the Engineer, the road surfaces will be hosed or watered using necessary equipment.

4.7 Emission from Construction Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery

Temporary Moderate The discharge standards promulgated under the Environmental Protection Act will be strictly adhered to. All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction will conform to the relevant Standard. All vehicles, equipments and machinery used for construction will be regularly maintained to ensure that pollution emission levels comply with the relevant requirements.


4.8 Noise from construction activities and equipment

Temporary Moderate Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery will be regular and to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep noise from these at a minimum. All vehicles and equipment used for construction will be fitted with exhaust silencers. During routine servicing operations, the effectiveness of exhaust silencers will be checked and if found to be defective will be replaced. Noise limits for construction equipments used in this project (measured at one metre from the edge of the equipment in free field) such as compactors, rollers, front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws will not exceed 75 dB (A). Notwithstanding any other conditions of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) will comply with the noise standards specified by CPCB.


4.9 Material Handling at Site

Temporary Minor All workers employed on mixing asphaltic material, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc., will be provided with protective footwear and protective goggles. Workers,



Page | 34

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


ywho are engaged in welding works, will be provided with welder’s protective eye-shields. Workers engaged in stone breaking activities will be provided with protective goggles and clothing and will be seated at sufficiently safe intervals. The use of any toxic chemical will be strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The Engineer will be given at least 6 working days’ notice of the proposed use of any chemical. A register of all toxic chemicals delivered to the site will be kept and maintained up to date by the Contractor. The register will include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and safety hazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product.

4.10

Disposal of Construction Waste / Debris / Cut Material

Temporary Moderate The waste generated will be reused in the construction activities, either as a fill material or otherwise, based on its suitability of reuse to the maximum extent possible. Safe disposal of the extraneous material will be ensured in the pre-identified disposal locations. In no case, any construction waste will be disposed around the sub-project locations indiscriminately. Cut material generated because of cutting of slopes will be utilized for construction of retaining walls, embankments and as filling material. Remaining material if any will be disposed off safely at the disposal sites.


4.11

Safety Measures During Construction

Temporary moderate Personal Protective Equipment for workers on the project and adequate safety measures for workers during handling of materials at site will be taken up. The contractor has to comply



Page | 35

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


ywith all regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress.

4.12

Risk caused by Force Majeure

Temporary Minor All reasonable precaution will be taken to prevent danger of the workers and the public from fire, flood, drowning, etc. All necessary steps will be taken for prompt first aid treatment of all injuries likely to be sustained during the course of work.


4.13

Malaria Risk Temporary minor The Contractor will, at his own expense, conform to all anti-malaria instructions given to him by the Engineer.


4.14

Clearing of Construction of Camps & Restoration

Temporary major Contractor to prepare site restoration plans for approval by the Engineer. The plan is to be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. On completion of the works, all temporary structures will be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta or other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the site left clean and tidy, at the Contractor’s expense, to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer.


5. O&M Impacts

5.1 Unsustainable Induced development

Permanent Major Potential induced impacts are addressed through the following: (i) awareness building of the Keshopur management plan and Punjab's Eco-tourism Policy at proposed sites specifically addressing the need to regulate tourism related development and planning in the area through coordination with related government departments and local land use committees; and (ii) project supported environmental awareness campaigns in surrounding communities to encourage ecotourism related development. Moreover, to further regulate future development in the project

Department of tourism


Page | 36

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


yareas, central government policies require automatic EIA of development activities (≥20,000 sqm and <150,000 sqm of built-up area) within 10km of notified protected areas.

5.2 Environmental Conditions

Permanent Moderate The tourism department / forest department will undertake seasonal monitoring of air, water, noise and soil quality through an approved monitoring agency. The parameters to be monitored, frequency and duration of monitoring as well as the locations to be monitored will be as per the Monitoring Plan prepared.


5.3 Uncontrolled tourism development can cause congestion, increased pollution, deterioration of destinations. Overcommercialization of cultural traditions may degrade the natural and cultural identity of the site

Permanent Significant

While the environmental monitoring plan actions during the operation stage will result in monitoring of the environmental impacts after project implementation, the Master Plan for the various cultural destinations in the circuit will include apart from provision of development controls and regulations in the zone, measures for tourism planning for the key destinations. These plans will be monitored to avoid uncontrolled tourism development.


5.4 Environmental Conditions in the protected area, getting impacted due to increased tourist movements in KCCR

The ecotourism activities in the KCCR shall be governed and managed in line with the Management Plan for the KCCR. Further, the Forest Department, will work together with the communities in developing and promoting ecotourism activities that have a minimum impact on the environment, including arrangements which minimize pollution and the use of recyclable materials., including designating the boundaries of the camping sites on the ground and providing basic amenities to avoid adverse impacts in the protected areas

Forest Department with Management Committee of KCCR


Page | 37

S. No


Duration / Extent

Magnitude


y5.5 Management of

the toilet blocks Permanent Moderate The Tourism Department / Forest

Department will carry out regular cleaning of the septic tanks to prevent any impacts, including pollution of ground water and nearby water courses. For increased volumes of wastewater generation will ensure proper and adequate treatment and disposal facilities.

Tourism and Forest Dept. with Management Committee of KCCR

5.6 Adequate drainage of site area

Permanent Moderate The Tourism Department / Forest Department to ensure efficient flow of surface water and to prevent water logging along the sub-project locations and destinations.

Tourism and Forest Department with KCCR Management Committee

5.7 Unhygienic condition due to poor maintenance of sanitation facilities and irregular solid waste collection in the project site necessitate regular maintenance of constructed amenities.

Permanent Moderate The Tourism department/ communities will carry out maintenance of the toilets, and carry out the regular collection of wastes, and will also ensure that: Sanitation improvements proposed do not result in pollution of groundwater. Sanitary facilities do not interfere with other utilities and block access to buildings, cause nuisance to neighbouring areas. The transfer of waste will also ensure no spillage and all wastes will be transported to a designated solid waste treatment site.

Tourism and Forest Department

5.8 Increased waste loads onto the existing waste disposal facilities (that are non-conformant to the GoI requirements for SWM)

Permanent Moderate In line with the GoI targets of coverage of all urban and rural areas with environmentally safe solid waste management systems, the tourist destinations will be covered with integrated waste management facilities, including treatment and disposal, in line with the SWHR, GoI.

Urban development department

93. Monitoring is an essential component for sustainability of any developmental project. It is an integral part of any environmental assessment process. The monitoring program consists of performance indicators, reporting formats and necessary budgetary provision. The contractors monitoring methods and parameters should be in accordance with the norms prescribed by the CPCB standards for air and noise.


Page | 38

94. For each of the environmental condition indicators, the monitoring plan specifies the parameters to be monitored, location of the monitoring sites, frequency and duration of monitoring. The monitoring plan also specifies the applicable standards, implementation and supervising responsibilities.

95. The monitoring plan and details of monitoring locations for environmental condition indicators of the project during the construction and operation stage are presented in Table above. The monitoring will be carried out by the contractor through the approved agency and will be supervised by the Supervision Consultant.

96. The monitoring plan is outlined in Table 9 below.

Table 9: Indicators and Targets for Environmental Performance

Indicators Parameters to be Monitored Frequency Responsibility

Construction Stage Debris disposal Safe disposal of construction wastes including

bituminous wastes Random checks Contractor

Dust suppression

No. of tankers for water sprinkling, Timing of sprinkling, Location of sprinkling

Random checks Contractor

Movement of vehicles within the site

Construction vehicles to ply along the defined routes within the monument complex

Random checks Contractor

Ambient air quality

RPM, SPM, SO2, NOx, CO Once in a season (except monsoon) for the entire construction period

Contractor

Ambient noise Equivalent Day & Night Time Noise Levels Once in a season during construction stage

Contractor

Supply of PPE provision of PPE on site, adequacy of equipment

Continuous Contractor

Establishing Medical facilities

Access to health facilities for the construction workers


Accident record No. of fatal accidents, No. of injuries, No. of disabilities


Clearance of site post construction

Whether temporary locations for construction, other construction locations are restored to pre-project conditions

Post construction

Contractor

INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

97. The institutional arrangements specify the arrangements for the implementation of environmental provisions of the entire project, and include the proposed subproject also.


Page | 39

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

98. The Department of Tourism, Government of Punjab is the Executing Agency (EA). Project Management Unit (PMU) will be established in Chandigarh for the overall project management and Project Implementation Units (PIU) will be established for each of the two circuits. The Sikh Heritage Route sub-project will be implemented by the PIU, Amritsar. A Safeguards Specialist is proposed within the PMU, and will be responsible for implementation of the resettlement and environmental safeguard provisions. Project Management Consultants (PMC) and Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) will be recruited to provide assistance to the PMU/PIUs in project implementation. Within the PMC team a Safeguards Specialist will provide overall direction for management of environmental and social issues, and will provide technical support to the PMU including implementation of the environmental and resettlement requirements according to ADB requirements, and assist in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with sub-projects. The Safeguards Specialist of the DSC team will be responsible for preparation of the Environmental Assessment documents in line with the EARF and supervise the implementation of the EMP provisions in the various sub-projects. The PMU, will oversee the implementation of the environmental provisions related to subproject implementation, its responsibilities include preparation and updating of IEEs consistent with the ADBs Environmental Assessment Guidelines and the environmental compliance requirements of the Government of Punjab and the Government of India.

99. The DSC Safeguards Specialist will support environmental management functions including updating sub-project IEEs in respect to environmental management plans, assisting in preparing IEEs, and assist in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with sub-projects. He/she will be required to include mitigation measures in designs where appropriate, and to specify other measures in construction contracts. Contractors will be required by their contracts to implement all specified mitigation, monitoring, and reporting assigned to contractors as presented in sub-project IEE. Environmental monitoring will be undertaken by the PMU supported by the DSC- Safeguards Specialist. The roles and responsibilities of Environmental Specialist are provided in Box 1.

Box 1: Terms of Reference of Safeguards Specialist – PMU

• A Postgraduate specialization in environmental / public health engineering, having at least 10 years of working experience related to the integration of environmental and social issues in design, construction and operation of infrastructure projects.

• Review the IEE Document and contract clauses and ensure adequacy under ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003, and the updated Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 and identify any areas for improvement.

• Ensure that the project design and specification adequately reflect the IEE, co-ordinate the obtaining of requisite Environmental Clearances for the project

• Monitor construction activities to ensure that identified and appropriate control measures are effective and in compliance with the IEE and advise PIU for compliance with statutory requirements.

• Develop training programme for the PMU/PIU staff, the contractors and others involved in the project implementation, in collaboration with the Environmental Specialist of the PMC and DSC

• Review and approve the Contractor’s Implementation Plan for the environmental measures, as per IEE

• Liaise with the Contractors and Consultants on the implementation of the Environmental management measures proposed in the IEE


Page | 40

• Liaise with the various Government agencies on environmental and other regulatory matters

Box 1: Terms of Reference of Safeguards Specialist – PMU

• Continuously interact with the NGOs and Community groups to be involved in the project

• Establish dialogue with the affected communities and ensure that the environmental concerns and suggestions are incorporated and implemented in the project

• Review the environmental performance of the project through an assessment of the periodic environmental monitoring reports submitted by the DSC; provide a summary of the same to the Project Director, and initiate necessary follow-up actions

• Provide support and assistance to the Government Agencies and the Asian Development Bank to supervise the implementation of the IEE during the construction as well as operation stage of the project

• Document the good practices in the project on incorporation and integration of environmental issues into engineering design and on implementing measures in the construction, and dissemination of the same

100. Towards addressing the environmental issues in the project components during design and implementation, the DSC will include provisions for inputs of an Environmental Specialist. The roles and responsibilities of the Environmental Specialist are outlined in Box 2. In addition to addressing the issues related to environmental management in the project, the Environmental Specialist will play a central role in ensuring capability building on Environmental Management of the PMU/PIU, Contractor and Line Departments.

Box 2: Terms of Reference of Safeguards Specialist of DSC

• A Postgraduate specialization in environmental / public health engineering, having at least 10 years of working experience related to the integration of environmental and social issues in the design, construction and operation of infrastructure projects.

• Review the IEE Document and ensure adequacy under ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003, and the updated Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009.

• Interact on a regular basis with the sector specialists of the DSC and integrate environmentally sound practices into the detailed design of project components

• Advise PMU/PIU for compliance with statutory clearances

• Work out the site specific mitigation measures for components as required and integrate the same into contractual provisions

• Develop, organise and deliver environmental training programmes and workshops for the staff of the PIU and Contractors and in accordance to the Capacity Building Programme as specified in the IEE

• Preparation of Activity Plans as identified in IEE (these include Site Management Plans, Waste Management Plans, circulation/traffic plan during construction, Occupational Safety Plans, etc)

• Supervise the implementation of the Environmental provisions by the Contractors.

• Review and approve site specific environmental enhancement/mitigation designs worked out by the Contractor

• Hold regular consultation meetings with the Environmental specialist of the PMU

• Review the Contractors’ Environmental Implementation Plans to ensure compliance with the IEE

• Develop good practice construction guidelines to assist the contractors in implementing the provisions of IEE

• Prepare and submit regular environmental monitoring and implementation progress reports

• Assist Environmental Specialist of the PMU to prepare good practice dissemination notes based on the experience gained from site supervision


Page | 41

PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

PROCESS FOR CONSULTATION FOLLOWED

101. During Project preparation, consultations have been held with the Department of Tourism, Punjab Heritage and Tourism Promotion Board, Forest Department, NGOs and tourists on issues pertaining to the selection of sub-projects and identification of key issues including addressing the current gaps in provision of basic services and improvement of tourist infrastructure. These consultations (Table 10 below) provided inputs in identification of the felt needs of the communities, and the relevant stakeholders.

Table 10: Consultations with Stakeholders

S. No. Place Date Number of

participants Participants Issues discussed

1 Chandigarh Nov’08 25 Officials of Tourism Department, Revenue Department and Forest Department

Finalization of project components, environment and social safeguard requirements

2 Amritsar Feb’09 20 Officials of forest department, tourism department, and revenue department

Proposed design elements, clearance requirements, environment and social policies of ADB.

3 KCCR Feb’09 15 Communities, Representatives of Forest, Environment and Wildlife (NGO), and Forest Department

Regarding issues pertaining to the finalization of the management plan. Agreement that the proposed elements are part of the draft management plan prepared.

4 KCCR Feb’10 15 Communities, Representatives of Forest, Environment and Wildlife (NGO), and Forest Department, Revenue Department

Discussion on details of each of the project components. Assessment of potential opportunities for involvement of local communities in conservation and protection of the KCCR

5 New Delhi 26 Feb’04 4 IUCN - Dr J S Rawat, Biodiversity Coordinator Dr N M Ishwar, Project Coordinator, ADB staff (1), PPTA Environmental consultant

IUCN raised no major issues. Discussion revolved around good implementation of subprojects and importance of channelling benefits to communities

6 New Delhi 26 Feb’04 4 World Wildlife Fund India - Dr. Deja lWorah (Ms.), Programme Director

Discussed proposed tourism subprojects in Punjab natural areas consistent with defined

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Page | 43

the Grievance Redress Committee constituted for the purpose in PIU. This GRC shall discuss the issue in its monthly meeting and resolve the issues within one month of time after receiving the grievance. If the matter is not resolved by GRC at PIU level within stipulated time, it shall be referred to GRC at PMU level by Executive Engineer of PIU.

105. GRC at PMU shall discuss the issue and try to resolve it and inform the PIU accordingly. If the matter is not resolved by the GRC at PMU level within one month of time, the aggrieved person/party can bring the matter to The Court of Law. The PIU shall keep records of all grievances received including contact details of complainant, date of receiving the complaint, nature of grievance, agreed corrective actions and the date these were affected and final outcome. The grievance redress process is shown below.

COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONS OF GRC-

106. Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) at PIU- In each PIU there shall be one GRC, which will include Project Manager (PIU), District Tourist Officer of Department of Tourism of Govt. Of Punjab, Community Development Officer of PIU, nominated representative of Deputy Commissioner and nominated representative of Municipal Commissioner. Committee shall be headed by Project Manager (PIU). The committee will meet at least once in every month. Agenda of meeting shall be circulated to all the members and affected persons/aggrieved party along with venue, date and time; informed in written at least 7 days in advance of meeting. The matters shall remain with GRC at PIU level for one month and if grievance is not resolved within this time period, the matter shall be referred to GRC at PMU.

107. Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) at PMU- There shall be one GRC in PMU. The matters not resolved by the GRC at PIU level within one month shall come under GRC at PMU. GRC at PMU will include Community Development Specialist of PMU, Environment Specialist of PMU and Assistant Project Director (APD) of PMU. The Committee shall be headed by APD of PMU. This committee shall look the matters, which are referred to and not resolved by GRC at PIU level.

INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING

INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING

108. The Department of Tourism, Government of Punjab is the Executing Agency (EA). Project Management Unit (PMU) will be established in Chandigarh for the overall project management. The development of community-based eco tourism facilities at Keshopur Wetland sub-project will be implemented by the PIU, Amritsar. A Safeguards Specialist is proposed within the PMU, and will be responsible for implementation of the resettlement and environmental safeguard provisions. Project Management Consultants (PMC) and Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC) will be recruited to provide assistance to the PMU/PIUs in project implementation. Within the PMC team a Safeguards Specialist will provide overall direction for management of environmental and social issues, and will provide technical support to the PMU including implementation of the environmental and resettlement requirements according to ADB requirements, and assist in monitoring impacts and mitigation measures associated with sub-projects. The Safeguards specialist of the DSC team will be responsible to supervise the implementation of the EMP provisions in the sub-projects. The PMU will oversee the implementation of the environmental provisions related to subproject implementation,


Page | 44

consistent with the ADBs Environmental Assessment Guidelines and the environmental compliance requirements of the Government of Punjab and the Government of India.

TRAINING

109. The Environmental and Social Specialist of the PMC will provide the basic training required for environmental awareness followed by specific aspects of infrastructure improvement projects along with environmental implications for projects located within / in the vicinity of natural and cultural heritage sites. Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing the capabilities of the members of the Training Programme and the requirements of the project. The entire training would cover basic principles of environmental assessment and management; mitigation plans and programmes, implementation techniques, monitoring methods and tools. The proposed training program along with the frequency of sessions for the Punjab Sikh heritage Route destination is presented in Table 11 below.

Table 11: Training Modules for Environmental Management

Programme Description Participants Form of Training

Duration/ Location

Training Conducting

AgencyA. Pre-Construction Stage

Sensitization Workshop

Introduction to Environment: Basic Concept of environment Environmental Regulations and Statutory requirements as per Government of India and ADB

Tourism / Forest / Roads / Culture Department Officials, Project Director (PD) and Environmental Specialist (ES) of the PMU/PIU

Workshop ½ Working Day

Environmental Specialist of the PMC

Session I

Module I Introduction to Environment: Basic Concept of environment Safeguards Regulations and Statutory requirements as per Government of India and ADB Guidelines on cultural resources, Environmental considerations in planning, design and implementing projects

PMU/PIU (including the ES) and Engineering staff of the implementing agencies

Lecture 1Working Day

Safeguards Specialist of the PMC


Page | 45

Programme Description Participants Form of Training

Duration/ Location

Training Conducting

Agency

Module II Environmental components impacted in construction and operation stages Activities causing pollution during construction and operation stages Environmental Management Environmental Provisions Implementation Arrangements Methodology of Assessment Good engineering practices to be integrated into contract documents

PMU/PIU (including the ES) and Engineering staff of Tourism dept

Workshop ¼ Working Day


Module III Improved Co-ordination with other Departments: Statutory Permissions – Procedural Requirements Co-operation & Co-ordination with other Departments.

PMU/PIU (including the ES) and Engineering staff of Tourism department

Lecture / Interactive Sessions

1Working Day


B. Construction Stage

Session II

Module IV Role during Construction Roles and Responsibilities of officials/ contractors/ consultants towards protection of environment Implementation Arrangements Monitoring mechanisms

Engineers and staff of line depts. of GoP, and PMU/PIU (including the ES)


½ Working Day


Module V Monitoring and Reporting System

Engineers and staff of implementing agencies , and PMU/PIU (including the ES)


½ Working Day


COST ESTIMATES 110. This is a small construction project and there are no major structures to be constructed therefore it is not expected to cause much significant air, water and noise pollution. The main


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EMP cost will arise from monitoring of environmental parameters (air, water and noise). The costs of water sprinkling for dust suppression and providing personal protective equipments to construction workers shall borne by contractor as part of conditions of contract. The EMP cost is given in the table 12 below:

Table 12: Environmental Budget

S. No. Particulars Stages Unit Total

NumberRate (INR)

Cost (INR)

A. Mitigation Measures

1 Silt Fencing Construction Per

running meter

100 100.00 10,000.00

2 Oil and Grease Trap Construction Per Unit 2 10,000.00 20,000.00

Sub -Total (A) 30,000.00

B. Monitoring Measures

1 Water quality Construction Per

sample 6 6,179.80 37,078.80

2 Air quality monitoring Construction Per

sample 18 6,629.24 1,19,326.32

4 Noise Levels – silence zones

Construction Per

location 18 1,011.24 18,202.32

Sub -Total (B) 1,74,607.44

Total of (A) & (B) 2,04,607.44

FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS

111. The proposed components of wetland development and conservation of KCCR are in line with the sub-project selection criteria for the IITIDP and in line with the management plan for the KCCR. The subproject conforms to all GoI and ADB regulations, policies, and standards including all necessary government permits and clearances.

112. The significance of the environmental impacts will be more due to the construction related impacts given that the components are located within KCCR, which is an eco-sensitive area. It is to be noted that the resultant potential impacts from these proposals can be offset through provision of proven mitigation measures during the design and adoption of good engineering practices during construction and implementation. Further, the provision of environmental infrastructure, including development of wetland and conservation measures for the KCCR wetland, will better the environmental conditions and minimize the pollution related and aesthetic quality near the tourist areas and the other destinations.

113. The specific management measures laid down in the IEE will effectively address any adverse environmental impacts due to the sub-project. The effective implementation of the measures proposed will be ensured through capacity building towards environmental management within the PMU and would be supplemented with the technical expertise of a Safeguards Specialist as part of the DSC Consultants. Further, the environmental monitoring plans provide adequate opportunities towards course correction to address any residual impacts during construction or operation stages.


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CONCLUSIONS

114. The IEE carried out for the sub-project shows that the proposed sub-components will result in net environmental benefits in terms of enhanced tourism facilities and in employment generation, and that any adverse environmental impact can be addressed through proper location, planning, and design of the proposed sub-project; control of construction activity and mitigation measures. The EMP provides the mitigation of all identified impacts and the contract clauses for the environmental provisions will be part of the civil works contracts. Further, the proposed designs have been consulted with the stakeholders and no significant issues requiring redress in terms of environmental safeguards exist.


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Appendix 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist

URBAN DEVELOPMENT

Instructions:

i. The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES) for endorsement by the Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer.

ii. This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists.

iii. Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential

impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: IITIDP – Punjab: Sikh Heritage Route Destination Sub-project – Wetland Development and Conservation of KCCR

Sector Division: SAUW (South Asia Urban Development and Water Division)

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

A. PROJECT SITING IS THE PROJECT AREA

• DENSELY POPULATED?

√

Presently the KCCR is not having any population/habitation

• HEAVY WITH DEVELOPMENT

ACTIVITIES?

√

There are no developmental activities within the KCCR boundaries except at lotus and singhara farming, aquaculture and agriculture.

• ADJACENT TO OR WITHIN ANY

ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS?

• CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE

√

There are no any cultural heritage sites within the boundary of KCCR

• PROTECTED AREA

√

KCCR is notified as a community reserve for migratory birds

• WETLAND

√

The proposed sub project is for the development of the KCCR wetland


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• MANGROVE

√

• ESTUARINE

√

• BUFFER ZONE OF PROTECTED

AREA

√

Whole KCCR is notified as community reserve for migratory birds

• SPECIAL AREA FOR PROTECTING

BIODIVERSITY

√

Whole KCCR is notified as community reserve for migratory birds

• BAY

√

B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE…

• impacts on the sustainability of

associated sanitation and solid waste disposal systems and their interactions with other urban services.

√

During construction, excavated soil is expected as solid waste which shall be disposed or reused as per approved management plan.

• deterioration of surrounding

environmental conditions due to rapid urban population growth, commercial and industrial activity, and increased waste generation to the point that both manmade and natural systems are overloaded and the capacities to manage these systems are overwhelmed?

√

This is a small project which will involve small groups of workers therefore no significant interference with existing environmental conditions of the area is expected.

• degradation of land and ecosystems

(e.g. loss of wetlands and wild lands, coastal zones, watersheds and forests)?

√

Interpretation centre is planned outside the boundaries of KCCR, only some small elements of the project are planned within the KCCR for which due care is required

• dislocation or involuntary

resettlement of people?

√

No habitation inside the KCCR boundary

• disproportionate impacts on the poor,

women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable group?

√

No habitation inside the KCCR boundary

• degradation of cultural property, and

loss of cultural heritage and tourism revenues?

√

There are no cultural property within the KCCR

• occupation of low-lying lands,

floodplains and steep hillsides by

√

No such conditions exist in the proposed site


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squatters and low-income groups, and their exposure to increased health hazards and risks due to pollutive industries?

• water resource problems (e.g.

depletion/degradation of available water supply, deterioration for surface and ground water quality , and pollution of receiving waters?

√

This project is eco sensitive and surface water quality may be degraded due to construction activities

• air pollution due to urban emissions?

√

During construction phase , air pollution like dust generation may arise which shall be mitigated through water sprinkling. No other significant emission is expected

• risks and vulnerabilities related to

occupational health and safety due to physical, chemical and biological hazards during project construction and operation?

√

Physical hazards to workers due to accidents might arise during construction for which safety of workers should be taken in priority.

• road blocking and temporary flooding

due to land excavation during rainy season?

√

Road blocking and flooding is not expected in the project

• noise and dust from construction

activities?

√

Envisaged during the construction activities, Adoption of the mitigation measures shall effectively address such impacts during construction.

• traffic disturbances due to

construction material transport and wastes?

√

There are no significant traffic on the approach road to KCCR

• temporary silt runoff due to

construction?

√

Temporary silt runoff is expected due to construction activities which is required to be mitigated by silt traps

• hazards to public health due to

ambient, household and occupational pollution, thermal inversion, and smog formation?

√

No significant ambient, household and occupational pollution is expected

• water depletion and/or degradation?

√

Prior study of ground water resources has been done, which permits the use of underground water as source of water

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

• overpaying of ground water, leading

to land subsidence, lowered ground water table, and salinization?

√

Prior study of ground water resources has been done, which permits the use of underground water as source of water

• contamination of surface and ground

√

Waste disposal shall be done in legitimate manner and


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waters due to improper waste disposal?

will not cause water pollution

• pollution of receiving waters resulting

in amenity losses, fisheries and marine resource depletion, and health problems?

√

Construction activities might cause surface water pollution and loss of fisheries

• large population influx during project

construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)?

√

Only small number of workers shall execute the construction works, therefore no burden on social infrastructure and services are expected

• social conflicts if workers from other

regions or countries are hired?

√

No social conflicts is expected due to workers

• risks to community health and safety

due to the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals during operation and construction?

√

All the works shall be carried out within the KCCR and adjacent land. Therefore no risk to community health and safety is expected

• community safety risks due to both

accidental and natural hazards, especially where the structural elements or components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?

√

All the works shall be carried out within the KCCR and adjacent land. Therefore no risk to community health and safety is expected

Climate Change and Disaster Risk Questions

Yes No Remarks

The following questions are not for environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify potential climate and disaster risks.

• Is the Project area subject to hazards such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical cyclone winds, storm surges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions and climate changes (see Appendix I)?

√

• Could changes in temperature,

precipitation, or extreme events patterns over the Project lifespan affect technical or financial sustainability (e.g., increased

√


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extreme rainfall increases flooding, damaging proposed infrastructure)?

• Are there any demographic or socio-

economic aspects of the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g., high incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)?

√

• Could the Project potentially increase the climate or disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., by paving vulnerable groundwater recharge areas, or using water from a vulnerable source that is relied upon by many user groups, or encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?

√

* Hazards are potentially damaging physical events.


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Appendix 2: Water test report of samples taken from KCCR from North Gujarat

University


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Appendix 3: Water Test Report of Water Samples taken from KCCR from Irrigation

Department, Amritsar

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