innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf
DESCRIPTION
Life sciencesTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Innovation System on Life Science in Indonesia : Current status and Future Challenges
Derry Pantjadarma
Technology Policy Assessment Unit
BPPT-AIST Joint Symposium on Life Science and
Technology Innovation
Bogor, 14 November 2013
![Page 2: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Structure
• Innovation system
• Life sciences in Indonesia
• Current status
• Innovation performance
• Youth-focused initiatives
• Innovation policy
• Future challenges
• Concluding remarks
![Page 3: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Innovation system
• “..A set of institutions and actors whose interactions determine the performance of creating innovation, diffusion and the associated learning.. ( Metcalfe, 1995, Lundvall 1992, Nelson and Rosenberg 1993 )
• Emphasis on the contextualisation, institutional settings, interactions and learning of actors
![Page 4: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Life Sciences
• The essence of mankind ;
• DNA-Protein-Sugar chain-Cell
• Bacteria, Vaccines, Enzymes
• Foundation of health, agriculture, food, industry, environment
• Research-based Innovation
![Page 5: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
History
• Pioneered by Dutch and English researchers; – In 16th century Jacob Buntius published Herbarium Amboinese a
compendium of flora in Maluku islands. – Thomas Stamford Raffles In 1817 Bogor Botanical Garden – Christian Eijkman established Research laboratory for Pathology and
Bacteriology in 1888 – Establishment of Practical course for Indonesian native nurse.
• The embryo of the School tot Opleiding van Indische Artsen ( STOVIA) established in 1898 which then transformed into Geneeskundige Hoogeschool ( Medical School ) in 1927
– The research institute on crop plantation was established in 1879 ( Cultuurtein) whose responsibility include supporting tea, coffee, tobacco, sugarcane and spices
– Junghuhn developed quinine to cure malaria in 1857 Note : Mr.Eijkman won Nobel Prize in 1929 for his work on the relationship between
vitamin B1 deficiency with beri-beri disease
![Page 6: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Natural endowment
• Biodiversity; some largest in the world ( marine and terrestrial )
– Sources of active ingredients, useful bacteria,…..
• Indigenous knowledge ( traditional medicine, herbal and spices, traditional agricultural practices )
![Page 7: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Observed Current Status
• Many actors
– Research agencies
– Universities
– Grass root individual researchers
• Fragmented research activities
– Lack of coordination
– Large number of different focuses
– Inefficient funding
• Faced with global challenges ( population, food, energy, health )
![Page 8: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
STRUCTURE OF THE STI SYSTEM
Coord. Min of Economy
House of Reps.
Min. Just & HR
NRC
10 Previous State-owned Co’s (Strategic Industries) :
1. PT. DI 2. PT. PAL 3. PT. PINDAD 4. PT. K. STEEL 5. PT. INKA 6. Perum Dahana 7. PT. INTI 8. PT. BHARATA 9. PT. BBI 10. PT. LEN
Finance-related SOCs
Other SOCs
Other Ministries
Ministrerial R&D Organizations
Industrial R&D Agency
Agr. R&D Agency
NM Organizations
BPPT
LAPAN
BSN
BAKOSURTANAL
LIPI
BATAN
BAPETEN
Extention Services
Extention Services
Extention Services
Min. of Finance
Academy of Sc. Ind.
Private Univs.
Private R&D Insts.
Min. Of Educ. & Cult.
Ed. R&D Org.
State Univs.
Other R&D Organizations
Extention Services
PRESIDENT
S&T Park
Other Coord. Min.
Nat. Dev. Planning
Min. of SOC
Oth
er
Min
istr
ies
MRT
NIC & NEC
![Page 9: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Main Locus of Life science-related Research
Coord. Min of Economy
House of Reps.
Min. Just & HR
NRC
10 Previous State-owned Co’s (Strategic Industries) :
1. PT. DI 2. PT. PAL 3. PT. PINDAD 4. PT. K. STEEL 5. PT. INKA 6. Perum Dahana 7. PT. INTI 8. PT. BHARATA 9. PT. BBI 10. PT. LEN
Finance-related SOCs
Other SOCs
Other Ministries
Ministrerial R&D Organizations
Industrial R&D Agency
Agr. R&D Agency
NM Organizations
BPPT
LAPAN
BSN
BAKOSURTANAL
LIPI
BATAN
BAPETEN
Extention Services
Extention Services
Extention Services
Min. of Finance
Academy of Sc. Ind.
Private Univs.
Private R&D Insts.
Min. Of Educ. & Cult.
Ed. R&D Org.
State Univs.
Other R&D Organizations
Extention Services
PRESIDENT
S&T Park
Other Coord. Min.
Nat. Dev. Planning
Min. of SOC
Oth
er
Min
istr
ies
MRT
NIC & NEC
ITB,UI,Unair UGM..
Health Fishery Forestry
Biofarma, Kalbe, Sido Muncul,, ..
![Page 10: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Institutional Type
Organic (functional)
• Individual
• Forum,
• Consortium
• Committee
• Association
Mechanistic (structural)
• Agency
• Faculty
• Directorate
• Centre
• Firm
Different setting, culture, formality,
![Page 11: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Some Actors in Indonesian Life science Community
Organic (functional)
• Association of Biology
• Association of Agriculture Biotechnology
• Biotechnology Consortium
• Bioinformatics Corner UNAIR
• National Committee on Jamu Scientification
• Biomaterial Indonesia
• Rice breeder (mlatiharjo.com)
• …………….
Mechanistic (structural)
• Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, Agency for Agricultural Research
• Eijkman Institute
• Centre for Biotechnology LIPI
• Centre for Biotechnology BPPT
• Faculty of Pharmacy ITB
• Kalbe Farma
• ……………………………….
![Page 12: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Innovation performance
Positional Analysis of
Indonesia’s scientific
Publication 2000-2010
Sources : Scopus
(Elsevier) by Science
metrix, Y.Nugroho (2013)
Life sciences-based
Research perform
well
![Page 13: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• International journal; during 2008-2010; agricultural sciences (454), biological sciences (550), medicine (603);
• Domestic scientific journal; 1179 publication in 2010; predominantly agricultural and biological sciences (406) and medicine (167)
• Number of researcher in university (2009); 24.867 agricultural sciences (18%), medical sciences (15%) , technology sciences (14%)
• Research Expenditure State University (2009) ~ Rp.1,817 Bio ( 717.2 MioUS $ ) ; natural sciences 29.03%; agriculture and environmental sciences ( 20.96%), medical sciences ( 8.58%)
S&T Indicator (LIPI,2011)
![Page 14: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
China
1,3 Bi
India
1,2 Bi
US
310 Mn
Indonesia
242 Mn Brazil
Of the 240 million people in Indonesia, over 60% of the population is under 39 years
old, providing a dynamic workforce.
Age 100+
Age 0
2010 2030 (Est) 2050 (Est)
YOUTH FOCUSED ~ DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
14
![Page 15: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Young scientists ?
• Early science education
• Promotion of talented youth
• Young scientists exchange
• Encourage open innovation
• Nurture start-ups in biotechnology
![Page 16: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Life science three pillars towards Innovation Policy
Science base :
University,
Research Centres
Users ;
Sector,Industry
Specialized biotechnology
firms developing high-end
products
Food
Agriculture
Health
Pharmaceutical
Environment
Energy
BPPT
LIPI
Agriculture Research
Agency
Health Research Agency
Eijkman Institute
ITB, UNAIR, UGM,UI
……………………
?
Pavitt,”Managing
Innovation, 1997
![Page 17: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Observed Current Status
• Limited linkage the science base with;
– Users : • Food Industry ; 330 firms
• Pharmaceutical Industry ; 24 MNC and 190 National
• Agriculture
• Health
• Environment
• But..
– Research consortium on vaccines ( industry-university-research institute )
– Functional food commercialization ( industry-research institute )
– WHO collaborating Centres for Prevention and Control of Micronutrient Malnutrition ( international linkage )
– .etc
![Page 18: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
How life science researcher influence innovation policy making ?
POLITICS The process by which
policy is decided upon and implemented
POLITY The institutional framework ( including political culture ) in which policies are
defined and implemented
POLICY The content, substance and
mechanism. What is done and what are the effects
Edler,2008
![Page 19: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Policies related to life science
1. Education
2. Research
3. Exploitation
4. Regulation
5. Demand
6. Industrial development
7. Fiscal
Source : Handoyo, Analisis kebijakan
Inovasi Bioteknologi,LIPI
![Page 20: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
THE NEEDS FOR MORE INTEGRATED & COHERENT POLICY FRAMEWORK
Partial & Fragmented
Policy Measures
Renewed Policy Framework
& Measures
More Coherent & Synergetic
Policy Framework & Measures
Education
Regulatory ( IPR, quarantine, ethics )
Exploitation
Demand
Fiscal
Research
Industrial Development
Better Ecosystems for Innovation Handoyo, 2009,
Taufik,2013
![Page 21: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Future common challenges
• Increased population
• Changed demographic structure
• Higher need for food, energy, medicines, goods, services
• Climate change
• Degrading environment
• Open global market
![Page 22: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Concluding Remarks
• Innovation system in Indonesia still early stage
• Strengthening linkages and improving governance
• Research based policy making
• How to develop strategy in collaboration BPPT-AIST to produce sustainable solutions to global challenges
• Integrate life science research (cells processes, genomes, bioinformatics ) with industry (enzymes, biofuels, bioplastics ) , health ( new therapeutics and diagnostics ) and primary production ( food, feedstock, fibre and cellulosic crops )The Bioeconomy to 2030 : Designing Policy Agenda OECD
• Promote innovation policy in life science
![Page 23: Innovation system life sciences indonesia final-pdf](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54833d96b4af9f6e0d8b499a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Bring actors with different both perspectives and goals together toward a common position
Source : Influencing and
Collaborating for Results,
Duke Publishing, 2005