InnovationthroughNanotechnology

Nanoinitiative Bayern GmbH

Nanonetz Bayern e.V.

2

Contents

EditorialDr Wolfgang Heubisch, Bavarian State Minister 3Prof Dr Alfred Forchel, Speaker Cluster Nanotechnology

Fascination nanotechnologyGreat opportunities in the smallest of dimensions 4-5

Successful concept of curiosity andknowledgeResearch and teaching in Bavaria 6-7Promoting young researchers for technology professions

Innovation through synergiesNanotechnology in Bavaria 8-9

Highly innovative companiesExamples from Bavaria 10-11

Focus on progressThe Cluster Nanotechnology in Bavaria 12-13

Always well advisedNanoinitiative Bayern GmbH 14

Bundeled skillsNanonetz Bayern e.V. 15

Sources:

Title (series 1):CNT-reinforced building materials, e.g. turbines.BASF AG: Insulating nanofoams.Siemens AG: Optimisation of turbines andelectrical motors by nanotechnology.

Title (series 2):Computer PCB with typical transistor gate lengthin production of 28 nm.Project management.

Title (series 3):Cluster of Excellence EAM/Picture: MalterPreparation for electrical connection of eachindividual organic molecule.

Cover (Page 2):Head of an atomic force microscope, which is sosmall sized, that atoms can be moved out of theiratomic bond.

3

Nanotechnology – young and upcoming

Smallest structures with high economic

potential.

Nanotechnology holds promising growth potential:

The Cluster Nanotechnology contributes to know-

ledge and technology transfer.

Editorial

Bavarian State MinisterDr Wolfgang Heubisch

Speaker Cluster NanotechnologyProf Dr Alfred Forchel

Dr Wolfgang Heubisch

Bavarian State Minister ofSciences, Research and the Arts

Prof Dr Alfred Forchel

President of the University of WürzburgSpeaker Cluster Nanotechnology

New technologies enrich our lives in a variety of ways. They provide

valuable inputs that help us to master today‘s challenges. The ! eld of

nanotechnology - young as it may be - holds great potential. Since it

may fundamentally change entire technology ! elds, it is regarded as

the key technology of the 21st century.

The Free State of Bavaria is one of the leading nanotechnology

locations in Germany - be it nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, nano-

mechanics or nanobiosystems. Bavarian universities and non-univer-

sity research institutions work together with innovative companies

to tackle the major questions of the future. This includes resource

ef! ciency, a secure and stable energy supply, or advances in health

care. The results lead to new or improved products, which turn in

secure jobs.

This is where the work of the Cluster Nanotechnology will come to

fruition. The Bavarian Ministry of Sciences, Research and the Arts

fosters its platform - the Nanoinitiative Bayern GmbH - within the

framework of the Bavarian State Government‘s cluster campaign.

By linking science and industry, the Cluster Nanotechnology makes

a valuable contribution to knowledge and technology transfer.

The Cluster focuses on project work as well as fostering young

talents. In this, it is supported by the Initiative Junge Forscherin-

nen und Forscher e.V. , which has grown from the Cluster‘s work

and aims at getting young people enthusiastic about science and

technology. More-over, the Cluster provides a forum to discuss the

possible risks and rewards of nanotechnology and to communi-

cate new insights to the public.

In all its diverse activities, I wish the Cluster Nanotechnology

continued success.

Munich, May 2012

Nanotechnology has become productive. A growing number of

innovative companies earn their money in the nanotechnology

area. The great characteristics in very small structures lead to

perfectly new applications, e.g. in " exible displays in optoelectro-

nics or functional additions of nonconductive materials that are

turned conductive by nanotechnology.

After 5 years of successful cluster work, we have kept up with

the development of nanotechnology. While information events

and knowledge transfer were at the focus initially, concrete

implementation of the nanotechnology potentials has become

another focus now. Novel process technologies, economic inte-

gration into present production processes, project management,

use of synergies and publicity were developed into supporting

pillars of our work.

Nanotechnology can solve some of the great challenges of our

time. Resource protection, energy ef! ciency and innovations in

many high-technology areas are made possible by nanotechno-

logy. We see our task in increasing this potential speci! cally for

Bavaria and in minimising possible risks. Therefore, we particularly

support small and medium-sized businesses in implementing

nanotechnology innovations into successful products.

The cluster team and I are looking forward to continued successful

work with our cluster actors and members of the Nanonetz Bayern

e.V. to use the potentials of nanotechnology responsibly. I wish all

of us joy and success for the future.

Würzburg, May 2012

4

Light technology

▶ Extremely bright, energy-saving light sources (LED, light emitting diodes)

▶ New illuminants and luminescent substances on the basis of nano materials (organic LED = OLED)

Fascination nanotechnology

Great opportunities in the smallest of dimensions

Nanotechnology is regarded as the key technology of the 21st century.

Rightly so it bears this name: nearly all science branches and industry

sectors are already affected by it today.

Products, processes and services from nanotechnology provide important

contributions to make our life easier, safer and more comfortable while

also protecting the environment.

Bavaria is, thanks to its world-renowned science and internationally

successful companies, one of the leaders among the nanotechnology

locations in Germany.

Energy

▶ Energy production with higher efficiency (e.g. in photovoltaics)

▶ Energy conversion with a higher degree of exploitation (e.g. in combustion processes)

▶ Energy storage (long-life batteries and rechargeable batteries)

Source: VDI Technologiezentrum GmbH

www.nanomap.de and Nanoinitiative Bayern GmbH.

(The map does not claim to be exhaustive)

9

7

22

2

4

2

2

4

2

2

4

8

2

2

2

2

23

2

3

5

7

3Würzburg

Bayreuth

Erlangen-Nuremberg

Regensburg

Augsburg

Munich

BavariaNetworks

Research centres

Universities

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs)

Large-scale companies

Source: FhG-ISE

Source: NIM /Dr da Como

5

Chemicals

▶ New catalysers and material syntheses

▶ Extremely thin coatings (e.g. antireflexion coating, abrasion resistance, friction reduction)

Nano-biotechnology

▶ New tools for life sciences (e.g. nanoscopes,

nano tweezers)

▶ Platforms for medical research (e.g. biochips)

▶ Nano systems for medical diagnosis and treatment

Environment

▶ Resource- and energy-saving

▶ Energy efficiency thanks to lightweight construction materials (e.g. in the automotive sector)

▶ Storage material in gas tanks

▶ New filter for waste water and exhaust purification

▶ Effective environmental rehabilitation on the basis of nano catalysers

Health

▶ Earlier and more reliable diagnoses

▶ New contrast agents for imaging methods in medicine

▶ Targeted therapies (e.g. against cancer) through functionalised nano particles and carrying active agents (drug delivery)

▶ Nano layers for more durable, hygienic materials in medical technology

Material sciences

▶ Optimisation of material properties (e.g. hardness, abrasion resistance)

▶ Surface refining (e.g. water-resistant, self-cleaning)

Architectureand construction

▶ Lighter, stabler and moreisolating building materials

▶ New design of buildings

▶ Functionalised surfaces (e.g. corrosion protection, self-cleaning)

Source: LS Kotthaus

Source: EvonikIndustries AG

Source: BASF AG

Source: StoAG

Source: BASF AG

Source: EAM

6

Successful concept of curiosity and knowledge

Research and teaching in Bavaria

A varied and closely linked research landscape also provides impetus for a lively

start-up scene around six major research areas.

Research region of AugsburgUniversity of AugsburgApplication Centre for Materials and EnvironmentalResearch (AMU)

Augsburg University of Applied Sciences

Research region of BayreuthUniversity of BayreuthBachelor´s course of studies in polymer and colloid chemistryElite course of studies in macromolecular science

Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces (BZKG)

Research region of Erlangen-NurembergFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg Course of studies in nanotechnologyCourse of studies in molecular sciencesElite course of studies in advanced materials and processes

Georg-Simon-Ohm University of Applied ScienceNurembergMaster course of studies in new materials/ nano- andproduction engineering

Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and DeviceTechnology / Fraunhofer Allianz Nanotechnology

Exzellence Cluster Engineering of Advanced Materials(EAM)

Research region of MunichLudwig-Maximilians-University in MunichCenter for NanoScience (CeNS)

University of Applied Sciences MunichMaster course of studies in micro- and nanotechnology

Technical University MunichElite course of studies in advanced materials scienceInstitute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Bavarian Research Foundation, Munich

Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM)

Research region of RegensburgUniversity of RegensburgCourse of studies in nanoscience

University of Applied Sciences RegensburgCompetence Centre NanoChem

Research region of WürzburgJulius-Maximilians-University of WürzburgCourse of studies in nanostructure technologyCourse of studies in technology of functional materialsWilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research CentreCenter for Nanosystems Chemistry

Würzburg-Schweinfurt University of Applied Sciences

Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC /Fraunhofer Allianz Nanotechnology

Source: Cluster of Excellence EAM:Live view of the additive manu-facturing of titanium structures by Selective Electron Beam Melting.

7

Promoting young researchers for technology professions

Inspiring children and adolescents for future technologies and showing them how to develop and maintain their

enthusiasm - that is the goal of the Initiative Junge Forscherinnen und Forscher e.V. (IJF).

The IJf has emerged from the Cluster Nanotechnology in 2010. With the slogan „Make the future your idea“, the

IJF continues the successful talent support independently but in close cooperation with the Cluster Nanotechnology.

Want to learn more?

The team of IJF appreciates your interest!Initiative Junge Forscherinnen und Forscher e.V.kontakt@initiative-junge-forscher.dewww.initiative-junge-forscher.de

Teaching teachers

The IJF supplies teachers with ideas fora future-oriented science teaching intrainings across Bavaria.

Explore futuretechnologies

Children and students get the opportunity to research and experiment in the student lab „Experimentarium“.

Schools in competition

Students of all ages can show theirresearch skills and test theiringenuity in the annual Nano-School Competition.

Science on tour

The IJF brings an exciting nanoworldexperience to Bavarianschools with the NanoShuttle.

8

Innovation through synergies

Nanotechnology in Bavaria

Research of nanotechnology in natural science disciplines has led to far-reaching basic insights. In addition to the

increasingly deep microscopic understanding in the atomic and molecular areas, industrial synthesis and analysis methods

have also made considerable progress.

The production capacity for CNT (carbon nanotubes) in Germany, for example, is more than 200 tonnes/year in 2012.

In Bavaria alone, we estimate the number of companies intensely dealing in nanotechnology to be above 250 now.

The impressive development of the last six years is illustrated in the following maps.

Source: VDI Technologiezentrum GmbH, www.nano-map.de and Nanoinitiative

Bayern GmbH. (The maps do not claim to be exhaustive)

The maps show the number and distribution of the small and medium-sized

enterprises and large-scale enterprises with reference to nanotechnology.

2

2

2

2

2

6

4

8

2

2

2

2

2

Würzburg

Bayreuth

Erlangen-Nuremberg

Regensburg

Augsburg

Munich

Bavaria

9

7

22

2

4

2

2

4

2

2

Würzburg

Bayreuth

Erlangen-Nuremberg

Regensburg

Augsburg

Munich

Bavaria

2

3

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

2

17

Small and medium-sized enterprises Large-scale enterprises

2006 2006

2012 2012

High vacuum system of the company

nanoplus Nanosystems and Technologies GmbH.

Absorption spectrums as the requirement for laser production (nanoplus).

The customised gas analysers, for example, are used to inspect industrial stacks

(see next page).

9

Small and medium-sized enterprises

Nanotechnology has matured in many areas. Not only

large-scale industry, but also small and medium-sized

enterprises (SMEs) play a decisive role to convert new

ideas into products. Thin layers, for example, can be cus-

tomised in a targeted fashion today with different methods

like PVD, PECVD or Sol-gel-technology. These methods

have long left behind lab level and lead to interesting

business models. For example, one company specialised

in licensing its know-how for production of thin layers on

standard PVD-plants.

Flexibility, little bureaucracy and an impressive mentality

of tackling things characterises these companies. Ultra-

thin layers turn into special lasers that make customised

gas analysers more cost ef� cient and space-saving.

Classic machine construction qualities lead to tribologi-

cal examination methods that are used as standards for

de� ned nano and micro abrasion behaviour even by the

quality-characterised automotive industry.

From ideas to innovations

Production of smallest particles or thinnest layers is no lon-

ger solely at the focus. Further processing (e.g. dispersing

of nanosilver for antimicrobial function) and integration of

technologies into other areas and procedures become more

and more important. Different industries can support each

other in this. The cluster initiates and supports such coope-

ration projects. Synergy connections in the different indus-

tries can be used, e.g. to simplify and optimise procedures

across disciplines. The founding of the European Dispersion

Centre EZD (planned laying of the foundation stone in Nov.

2012) will play an important contribution to this.

One example for the trend to increasingly fast transfer

from research to product is graphene, the thinnest � lm

in the world (comprising a single atomic layer of carbon).

The physics Nobel prize for graphene was awarded only

six years after its discovery. Based on this technology,

! exible displays for mobile phones are expected to be on

the market soon. This is the trend of the future. It will lead

to further great innovations in the next years based on the

great conditions in the medium-sized industry, e.g. in the

area of personalised medicine, printable electronics, trans-

parent conductivity, etc.

10

Bavaria global:

Schaeffler AG

Schaeffler is one of the world´s leading ball bearing

manufacturers and car suppliers with some 74,000

employees at more than 180 sites. The company operates

a development centre for surface technology for coating

components for automotive and industrial products at

its headquarters in Herzogenaurach.

Thanks to globally unique possibilities of processing and

combination of materials and technologies, Schaeffler AG

has achieved a major step: The optimisation of component

surfaces through nanotechnology results in tailor-made,

application-specific properties of the products, e.g. in fric-

tion reduction, abrasion resistance, corrosion protection

and optical characteristics.

Companies with innovative power

Examples from Bavaria

Different sectors and sizes – but always nano:

We have selected some companies from Bavaria´s diverse industrial landscape which are already successfully moving

through the nano cosmos. Have a quick glance behind the scenes with us.

The Schaeffler-Beschichtungszentrum

provides a high range of services

comprising all steps and capacities

from the development of application-

oriented layer systems to serial

production.

Components frequently used in

engines, such as the bucket

tappets depicted, can be optimised

for a specific requirement profile,

e.g. reduced friction during an

extended lifecycle.

Image of a CFRP/ nano

compound material.

Nano to measure:

SGL Group –

The Carbon Company

With 3,500 employees and 46 production sites in Europe,

North America and Asia SGL Group is a company with a

global presence.

The carbon nano materials have huge performance poten-

tials. One of the numerous areas of research of SGL Group

is to analyse, precision and implement these potentials.

The research organisation of the group, Technology &

Innovation (T&I), based in Meitingen near Augsburg,

focusses on two possible areas of application for carbon

nano materials: On the one hand, carbon fiber-reinforced

polymer (CFRP) and energy systems on the other hand.

11

DFB laser diodes,

nanoplus.

Controlled-release technology using porous nanoparticles:

NanoScape AG

Founded in 2001, NanoScape is a Munich-based company

focussed on the development and production of porous,

silicate-based nano particles, which have found applica-

tion in the chemical, pharmaceutical and environmental

sectors.

Its NanoZeolite materials portfolio consists of nanoscale

cage-like structures with high loading capacity and sur-

face area, which can be tuned to individual customer’s

requirements through alteration of the particle size or

pore diameter, or by functionalisation of the surface chem-

istry or binding of ligands. In this fashion, intelligent Drug-

Delivery-Systems for pharmaceutical ingredients (e.g.

small molecules, biopharmaceutical, vaccines) can be gen-

erated, which makes it possible to treat patients with pre-

cise and consistent dosages of medication over a long

period of time.

To the point:

nanoplus Nanosystems and

Technologies GmbH

nanoplus produces single-mode semiconductor laser di-

odes for gas sensing in the wavelength range from 760

nm to 3500 nm. The company cooperates with all interna-

tionally leading manufacturers of analytical measurement

systems and is known as a technology leader in industry

and science. The high-tech components are used in indus-

trial process control, safety engineering, but also in the

so-called green technologies, to detect minimum amounts

of gases.

Even the “Curiosity” Mars Rover, which was launched by

NASA in November 2011, uses a laser diode from nano-

plus. With its help, “Curiosity” is to draw important con-

clusions on organic compounds and light elements as well

as on isotope ratios in atmosphere and soil samples from

Mars. This is to determine whether the Red Planet is or

has been a suitable living environment.

NASA MARS ROVER: Mars Science Laboratory equipped with a 2.78 μm

nanoplus DFB laser diode for detection of water, CO2 and its isotopes

(with courtesy NASA/JPLCALTECH).

Nano-Host:

Mesoporous silicate.

Concept: the host material is modi" ed in a step-wise process and loaded

with the active ingredient (encapsulation) which enables a controlled

(sustained) release over a long period of time.

12

In order to benefit from the huge potential of nanotechnology for Bavaria, the Cluster Nanotechnology was founded

from an initiative of the Bavarian State government in 2006. The Nanoinitiative Bayern GmbH is responsible for

management of the cluster. We create connections between companies, research and teaching institutions, associations

and other actors.

Effective networking

We facilitate cooperations by linking universities, colleges and

public research facilities to industry users.

In addition to this, we get decision-makers from politics to talk

to core actors from the economy and research.

Focus on progress

The Cluster Nanotechnology in Bavaria

Communication of new insights

Our workshops, seminars and information events help you stay well

informed. Visit us at our trade fair stalls or present your results at

trade fairs together with us. We perform active research marketing

nationally and internationally. On demand, we collect know-how on

a concrete issue in the area of technology and prepare it for you.

Balanced discussion of the

opportunities and risks

As in any new technology, lots of research work remains to be done.

In addition to technical challenges, some questions on work safety,

toxicity and disposal of nano materials are still unanswered.

We take a position, since our objective is responsible further

development of nanotechnology.

13

From research to development

Targeted support leads to R&D projects for creation of innovative

products that are born of cooperations. We support you in your

search for suitable promotional funds and in filing applications.

We also coordinate your project down to complete project

management on request.

From development to the product

We support start-ups and SMEs by integrating them into network

projects. We use synergies with the objective of creating products

and solutions that are mature for the market. We support the

partners by consulting of public funding, publicity, project

management, feasibility studies and market analyses.

Taking the product to the

global market

In addition to the US and Japan, Germany holds a global top position in

the area of nanotechnology where technology leadership is concerned.

We help to secure and develop this peak position in the long term

by cooperation with national and international institutions, networks

and companies.

Source: Fraunhofer ISC: Protective layers on textiles.

14

Always well advised

As cluster management the Nanoinitiative Bayern GmbH,

based in Würzburg, is a competent contact for your questions

and suggestions. Our branch team is always happy to help.

From left to right: Cornelia Wolfram, Dr-Ing Peter Grambow, Sonja Pfeuffer, Prof Dr Alfred Forchel, Sabine Binzberger, Dr Anna Sauer.

Services:

▶ Promotion of cooperations between R&D institutions and

users in economy

▶ Initiation, support and coordination of projects up to complete

project management

▶ Support of project proposals

▶ Support of application-oriented research

▶ International research marketing

▶ Organisation of seminars, workshops and participation in

exhibitions

▶ Knowledge procurement and assessment

▶ Promotion of nanotechnological teaching contents in schools

and at the universities

▶ Open discussion of chances and risks

15

Bundled skills –

Join us!The network association Nanonetz Bayern e.V. acts as an open platform for the cluster activities and is a competent

partner for developers and operators in the economy in the nanotechnology field. Synergies are created by combining

and cooperating with existing competences in research, economy, the service sector and education. These synergies

make essential contributions to the implementation of nanotechnology subjects in the social and economic area.

Your benefits as an association member

▶ Exchange of information and experience and transfer of

knowledge with regard to nanotechnology

▶ Regular newsletter

▶ Promotion of contacts between R&D institutions and users in

industry and economy

▶ Support of the collective research and development in the field

of nanotechnology

▶ Provision of information regarding public funding programmes

from the European Commission, Federal Government and Bavarian

State Government

▶ Organisation of conventions, workshops and symposia

▶ Sustainable talent support

▶ Annual execution of a school competition

Nanoinitiative Bayern GmbHNanonetz Bayern e.V.

Josef-Martin-Weg 52 / Campus Hubland Nord 97074 Würzburg

Telefon +49 (0)931 / 31 80 570Telefax +49 (0)931 / 31 80 569

info@nanoinitiative-bayern.dewww.nanoinitiative-bayern.de