innovative systems -...
TRANSCRIPT
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 1
INNOVATIVE SYSTEMSa look at some trending systems
wave energy system:http://interestingengineering.com/innovative-system-produces-clean-energy-from-waves/
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 2
HVAC INNOVATIONS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 3
HEAT EXCHANGERS
Architectural Graphic Standards, 10th Ed., Wiley
HRV:heat recovery ventilator
provides for sensibleheat exchange; usually by passing intake and exhaust air streams next to each other—separated by a metal divider plate
reduces the amount of energy required to heat/cool outdoor air for ventilation
not really a new idea, just good fundamental design
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 4
HEAT EXCHANGERS
Architectural Graphic Standards, 10th Ed., Wiley
ERV:energy recovery ventilator
provides for sensibleand latent heat exchange; by passing intake and exhaust air streams through a chemically treated rotating wheel heat exchanger
reduces the amount of energy required to heat/cool outdoor air for ventilation
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 5
HEAT EXCHANGERSpa
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HRV is shown as a fundamentalelement in a passive house
passive house on HERS scale(Home Energy Rating System)
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 6
HEAT EXCHANGERS
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basic conceptERV in solar decathlon house
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 7
LOOPED HEAT PUMPS
• In a building with reasonably balanced zone loadings (heat losses similar to heat gains) boiler and cooling tower operationcan be minimized
• The water loop can act as a transfer loop to move heat around a building to where it is needed
• With near-room-temperature water as a source, the heat pumps can operate with high COPs—saving energy
seldom required
not really a trendy system, but an interesting concept
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 8
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
not truly an innovative system today, but applications tend to be innovative
University of Oregon | ECS 1 | Grondzik 11
Ball State Previously used a Coal/Gas Boiler and Water-Cooled Chiller System
University of Oregon | ECS 1 | Grondzik 12
Electrically-Driven Ground Source Heat Pumps Provide Both Heating and Cooling Effect
during construction after construction
University of Oregon | ECS 1 | Grondzik 13
BSU North Plant Building
University of Oregon | ECS 1 | Grondzik 14
The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle as an Air-Cooled, Water-Cooled, or Ground-Cooled System
heat from system to outdoors
heat from room into system
100 F air DB
85 F air WB
50 F soil DB
75 F air DB
45 F
125 / 110 / 75
rela
tive
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Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 15
UFAD: UNDERFLOOR AIR DISTRIBUTION
www.architechweb.com/.../5131/Default.aspx
suggested benefits as described
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 16
UFAD: UNDERFLOOR AIR DISTRIBUTION
news.cision.com
consider what can happen to the ceiling plane
tateinc.com
diffusers
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 17
CHILLED BEAMS
www.treehugger.com/.../11/chilled_beams_f.php
these claims needto be rationallyevaluated; latentcooling is aserious issue
suggested benefits as described
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 18
CHILLED BEAMS
www.dadanco.com.au
consider what happens
to the ceiling plane
www.mccoysales.com
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 19
DOAS: DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR SYSTEM
www.reliant.com/en_US/Page/Generic/Public/
←options OA system↑
suggested benefits are consistent
ventilation that is independent
of control for thermal comfort
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 20
DOAS: DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR SYSTEM
www.buildingscience.com
IAQ part of system
thermal comfort part of system
in this case, an air-water distribution approach
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 21
DOAS: DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR SYSTEM
www.hpac.com
rationale for aDEDICATEDOA system
100% design OA flow 30% design OA flow
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Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 22
ELECTRICAL INNOVATIONS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 23
MICROGRIDS In many respects, microgrids are smaller versions of the traditional power grid. Like current electrical grids, they consist of power generation, distribution, and controls such as voltage regulation and switch gears. However, microgridsdiffer from traditional electrical grids by providing a closer proximity between power generation and power use, resulting in efficiency increasesand transmission reductions. Microgrids also integrate with renewable energy sources such as solar, wind power, small hydro, geothermal, waste-to-energy, and combined heat and power (CHP) systems.
http://www.generalmicrogrids.com/#!about-microgrids/c1r3e
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 24
SMART GRIDS
Smart grids will provide more electricity to meet rising demand, increase reliability and quality of power supplies, increase energy efficiency, be able to integrate low carbon energy sources into power networks. smart grids possess demand response capacity to help balance electrical consumption with supply, as well as the potential to integrate new technologies to enable energy storage devices and the large-scale use of electric vehicles. Computers will provide the smarts.
http://new.abb.com/smartgrids/what-is-a-smart-grid
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Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 25
DCGRIDS
Today, with few exceptions, the electric grid is predominately AC. However, it appears that DC power grids may be on the verge of a comeback of sorts. Digital equipment, solar PV, storage batteries, electric vehicles and other end-use devices all require DC power. Data centers are chockfull of such devices and for several years there has been a movement toward DC data centers. Additionally, others are calling for our houses to embrace DC power, as well. Some say there is a larger role for DC power on our grids to improve stability and enhance reliability. http://tdworld.com/grid-opt-smart-grid/growing-dc-power
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Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 26
LIGHTING INNOVATIONS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 27
LIGHTING INNOVATIONS
Lighting technology (lamps/luminaires) and design processes (including simulations) are fairly advanced. It is likely that innovations moving forward will involve incremental improvements in lamps (with associated code changes) and more sophisticated control devices and strategies.
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INDUCTION LAMP
www.ventilux.com www.av.net.au
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 28
PLUMBING INNOVATIONS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 29
WATERLESSw
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reduce the use of valuable andenergy-intensive potablewater for waste removal
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Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 30
LIVING MACHINE
www.dwell.com/post/article/look-living-machine-systems
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 31
www.quadlock.com/insulated-concrete-forms/green_roofs.htm
GREENROOFS
as partof a
drainage system
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 32
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GREENROOFS
as partof an
integrated system
www.igra-world.com/engineering/solar_energy.php
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 33
FIRE PROTECTION INNOVATIONS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 34
FIRE PROTECTION INNOVATIONS
Fire protection technology and design processes are fairly advanced. Fire protection is also rigidly controlled by buildingcodes. It is likely that innovations moving forward will involveincremental improvements in code requirements and better understanding of smoke control strategies.
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RESIDENTIALFIRE SPRINKLERS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 35
ELEVATOR INNOVATIONS
Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 36
DRIVES
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