insects relevant in food hygiene an overview. general characteristics most specious-rich class in...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
INSECTSRelevant in food hygiene
An overview
![Page 2: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal
kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic: between
1 Mio. and 80 Mio.) Central Europe: 40,000 insect species Polymorphic class:
Size: a few tenth of a millimetre up to 30 cm wing span
With wings or wingless Unobtrusive colouring to striking patterns
![Page 3: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Body Plan
Pronounced segmentation Head (Caput) Thorax Abdomen
Exoskeleton made of chitin Body surface is water and gas
impermeable; prevents dehydration and protects from mechanical and chemical impacts
![Page 4: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Life Cycle Metamorphosis
Imperfect Complete Oviposition
Larvae
Puppae
Imago(Adult)
![Page 5: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Insect Diet
Herbivore / Phytophagous insects E.g.: butterflies, sawflies, bees...
Wood eater / Xylophagous insects E.g.: bark beetle, wood drill, termites, horntail
Gall makers / Cecidozoa E.g.: gall wasp, gall mite, weevil...
![Page 6: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Feeding on dung / Coprophagic insects E.g.: dung beetle, dung fly...
Predator / Entomophagous insects E.g.: dragonfly, bug...
Parasites E.g.: mosquitos, bed bugs, fleas, lice Transmission of pathogens
Insect Diet
![Page 7: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Humans & Insects
Insects since approx. 500 million years Colonisation of a variety of habitats Humans since approx. 2 million years Useful insects: honey bee, silk moth... Transmission of pathogens Adaptation of insects to the human
lifestyle Food stuff, commodities & garbage
![Page 8: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Transmission of Pathogens Virus
Yellow fever via mosquitos Dengue fever via mosquitos
Bacteria Dysentery via flies Typhus via lice and fleas Pest via fleas
Plasmodia Malaria via Anopheles mosquitos
Flagellates Sleeping sickness via tsetse fly
![Page 9: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Housefly – Musca domestica Attracted by food and waste
smells Transmission of pathogens
for cholera and amoebic dysentery
World occurance Oviposition in manure and
garbage One fly lies 500 eggs in 3
weeks
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Sighting (pink):
![Page 10: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Fruit Flies - Drosophilidae
Tiny flies (1-6 mm) Attracted by putrescent smells,
left-overs More than 3000 species
worldwide Most famous: Drosophila
melanogaster – Model organism of geneticists
![Page 11: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Stable Fly – Stomoxys calcitrans
Similar to housefly, but with forward-facing proboscis
World occurrence; close to stables Food: Males & females suck blood of
warm-blooded animals Oviposition in dung
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 12: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Grey Flesh Fly – Sarcophaga carnaria
Occurrence in entire Europe; houses close to food stuff
Attracted by smell of raw meet Oviposition on raw meet Transmission of bacteria, fungi,
viruses
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 13: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Blue Meat Fly – Calliphora vicina
World occurrence Can smell fresh
cadaver over distance of 10 km (forensic entomology)
Oviposition on cadaver and open wounds
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 14: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Pale giant Horse Fly – Tabanus bovinus Very large (20-25 mm), dipterous fly with
large green striped and iridescent compound eyes
Occurrence: Europe to Southern Scandinavia, Middle East and Northern Africa; always close to waters
Food: Females suck blood of warm-blooded animals (cattle); males visit flowers
Horse-fly bites are painful
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 15: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Mosquito – Culex pipiens
Size: 6-7 mm Occurrence: worldwide, close to fresh water,
brackwater, in swamps or meadows Food: Females are dependent on blood of warm-
blooded animals Reproduction: Oviposition in spring in waters The malaria mosquito (Anopheles)
appears increasingly in Europe
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 16: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Asian Tiger Mosquito – Stegomyia albopicta
Originally home to southern and south-east tropics
Since the 1990s spreading in Europe (globalisation, climate change)
Transmission of Chikungunya- and Dengue fever
Striking patterning
![Page 17: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Wasp – Vespula vulgaris Wasps are attracted by sugary syrups and
feed on fruits and sweets All wasps contain a poison sting
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 18: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Hornet – Vespa crabro
Occurrence from Europe to Asia Size: 18-35 mm Less obtrusive and harmful than wasps Sting is painful but not more serious than
that of a wasp Hornets prey on insects and small animals
J F M A M J J A S O N D
![Page 19: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Insect Poison Allergy
Allergic reaction to insect poisons
Sting by wasps, honeybees; also hornets and humble bees
Potentially lethal
![Page 20: INSECTS Relevant in food hygiene An overview. General Characteristics Most specious-rich class in the animal kingdom 1 Mio. insects described (realistic:](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022110321/56649ce25503460f949ad658/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
References
http://www.insektenbox.de/index.html GU Naturführer Insekten & Schmetterlinge http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Asiatische_Tigerm%C3%BCcke