install oracle 11g release 2 on rhel 5.docx

8/12/2019 Install Oracle 11g Release 2 on RHEL 5.docx

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Posted by Zahidon April 29, 2010.

http://www.oracleflash.com/19/Install-Oracle-11g-Release-2-on-RHEL-5.html

Install Oracle 11g Release 2 on RHEL 5

This is a step by step guide, which will walk you through the installation of Oracle 11g Release 2 onRHEL 5.5 (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5) 32-bit architecture. Oracle recommends a default serverinstallation, but for these installations the following package groups installed:

Desktop Environments > GNOME Desktop Environment Applications > Editors

Applications > Graphical Internet

Development > Development Libraries

Development > Development Tools

Servers > Server Configuration Tools

Base System > Administration Tools

Base System > Base

Base System > System Tools

Base System > X Window System

Preparing for install: Pre-Installation Configurations

Check Hardware Requirements:

The first thing we need to verify is, if the hardware we have is okay for an Oracle 11g Installation.

-- Check Physical RAM.# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoMemTotal: 2075424 kB/*We need at least 1GB of physical RAM.In my case I have 2GB.

*/

-- Check Swap Space.# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfoSwapTotal: 3148732 kB

/*RAM between 1GB and 2GB then Swap = 1.5 times the size of RAMRAM between 2GB and 16GB then Swap = equal to the size of RAMRAM more than 16GB then Swap Size = 16GBSince my RAM is 2GB, so I have 3GB of Swap Size.

*/

# df -h /dev/shm/

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted ontmpfs 1014M 0 1014M 0% /dev/shm

/*What ever you are going to use your Automatic Memory ManagementTargets later on this database, you need to have shared memoryfile system size at lease equal to those settings. In my case Ihave plans to use memory management targets lower then 1000Mso 1014 M of shared memory file system is sufficient for me.But if you would like to have a bigger shared memory (/dev/shm)size then do the following:

*/

# mount -t tmpfs tmpfs -o size=1500m /dev/shm# df -h /dev/shm/Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on


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tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm

-- Check space available in /tmp# df -h /tmpFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda5 1.5G 35M 1.4G 3% /tmp

/*

You need to have at least 1GB of space in the /tmp directory.Make sure you have 1GB in the column "Avail" in the above output.In my case I have 1.4G space available in /tmp.

*/

-- Check space for Oracle Software and pre configured database.-- I have created a separate partition "/u01" for Oracle Software-- and database files# df -h /u01Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2 15G 166M 14G 2% /u01

-- I have 14G available space on the partition /u01./*

Space requirement for Oracle 11g Release 2 Software:Enterprise Edition 3.95GStandard Edition 3.88G

Space requirement for Oracle Database Files:1.7 G(creating a database is always optional with oracle installation.Can be done later.

)*/

/*

To install Oracle 11g Release 2 your system should be runningon at least 1024x768 screen resolution.

*/# xdpyinfo | grep 'dimensions:'

dimensions: 1280x720 pixels (433x244 millimeters)

/*To install Oracle 11g Release 2 on RHEL 5 you should be runninga kernel version 2.6.18 or later.

*/# uname -r2.6.18-194.el5

Pre-Installation Configurations: Meeting the software requirements:

Once all hardware requirements are verified, we will proceed with further configuration.

Make sure that there is an entry in/etc/hostsfile for your machine like this:

[IP-address] [fully-qualified-machine-name] [machine-name]

/*Where "fully-qualified-machine-name" is your"machine_name"."domain_name"

*/

Next we need to adjust the Linux Kernel Parameters to support Oracle.Open/etc/sysctl.confand add the following lines:


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# Oracle settingsfs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

Note:You may find the parameters mentioned above already present in the/etc/sysctl.conffile. If

they have a value lower then mentioned above then make sure you change it, but if they have a largervalue then perhaps its safe to leave it as is.

-- Make the kernel parameters changes effective immediately:# /sbin/sysctl -p

-- Verify the parameters are changed or not?# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep name_of_kernel_parameter -- e.g. shmall

Now setup User that we will use as Oracle owner and the groups that it will need for installing andmanaging Oracle.

/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall/usr/sbin/groupadd dba/usr/sbin/groupadd oper/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle/usr/bin/passwd oracle

Create directories where the Oracle Software and database will be installed.

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01chmod -R 0775 /u01

/*The above directory structure is designed to comply with OFA(Oracle Flexible Architecture) i.e. a directory structure tosupport multiple oracle software installations.

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

-- Base directory for all oracle installations.

ORACLE_HOME=ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1 -- 11.2.0 installation 1.ORACLE_HOME=ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_2 -- 11.2.0 installation 2.ORACLE_HOME=ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1 -- 10.2.0 installation 1.

and so on....*/

Now set the shell limits for the user Oracle.Open/etc/security/limits.confand add these lines.

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536


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Where "nproc" is the maximum number of processes available to the user and "nofiles" is the numberof open file descriptors.

Open/etc/pam.d/loginand add the following line if it is already not there.

session required pam_limits.so

Disable secure linux by editing the/etc/selinux/configfile, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as

follows:

SELINUX=disabled

If you leave SELINUX=enforcing then you may get an error later while starting sqlplus:sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries:/usr/lib/oracle/default/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot restore segmentprot after reloc: Permission denied

Now we need to make sure we have all necessary packages for Oracle. Put your Linux Media intoDVD and go to the "Server" directory.

cd /dvd_mount_point/Server

For RHEL 5 (32-bit):

rpm -Uvih binutils-2*rpm -Uvih compat-libstdc++-33*rpm -Uvih elfutils-libelf-0*rpm -Uvih elfutils-libelf-devel-0*rpm -Uvih elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0*rpm -Uvih gcc-4*rpm -Uvih gcc-c++-4*rpm -Uvih glibc-2*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih glibc-common-2*

rpm -Uvih glibc-devel-2*rpm -Uvih glibc-headers-2*rpm -Uvih kernel-headers-2*rpm -Uvih ksh-20*rpm -Uvih libaio-0*rpm -Uvih libaio-devel-0*rpm -Uvih libgcc-4*rpm -Uvih libgomp-4*rpm -Uvih libstdc++-4*rpm -Uvih libstdc++-devel-4*rpm -Uvih make-3*rpm -Uvih numactl-devel-0*rpm -Uvih sysstat-7*

rpm -Uvih unixODBC-2*rpm -Uvih unixODBC-devel-2*

For RHEL 5 (64-bit):

rpm -Uvih binutils-2*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih compat-libstdc++-33*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih compat-libstdc++-33*i386*rpm -Uvih elfutils-libelf-0*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih elfutils-libelf-devel-0*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih gcc-4*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih gcc-c++-4*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih glibc-2*ùname -p`*

rpm -Uvih glibc-2*i686*rpm -Uvih glibc-common-2*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih glibc-devel-2*ùname -p`*


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rpm -Uvih glibc-devel-2*i386*rpm -Uvih glibc-headers-2*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih ksh-20*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih libaio-0*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih libaio-0*i386*rpm -Uvih libaio-devel-0*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih libaio-devel-0*i386*rpm -Uvih libgcc-4*ùname -p`*

rpm -Uvih libgcc-4*i386*rpm -Uvih libstdc++-4*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih libstdc++-4*i386*rpm -Uvih libstdc++-devel-4*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih make-3*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih numactl-devel-0*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih sysstat-7*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih unixODBC-2*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih unixODBC-2*i386*rpm -Uvih unixODBC-devel-2*ùname -p`*rpm -Uvih unixODBC-devel-2*i386*

NOTE:If you are using RHEL5 DVD then you should find them all in the "Server" directory in your

DVD. And if you don't find one there you may download it from the Linux vendor's Web site.If you have your Linux distribution in 3 CDs then these will be scattered on all three CDs in the Serverdirectory on all CDs.

Allow the user oracle to use X server, which it will need to run Oracle Universal Installer.

# xhost +SI:localuser:oracle

Now switch to the user oracle.

# su - oracle

-- Let's see which shell is being used by the user Oracle.$ echo $SHELL/bin/bash

If the returned shell is bash then open ~/.bash_profileand add these lines:

If using C shell then open ~/.loginand add these lines:

# Oracle settingssetenv TMP=/tmpsetenv TMPDIR=$TMP

# If /tmp doesn't have 1G space free then you can workaround it# by pointing the variables TMP AND TMPDIR to a location where you# have sufficient space. Oracle will then use this directory for# temporary files.

setenv ORACLE_HOSTNAME ora11g.home.comsetenv ORACLE_BASE /u01/app/oraclesetenv ORACLE_HOME $ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1setenv ORACLE_SID ora11gsetenv ORACLE_TERM xtermsetenv PATH /usr/sbin:$PATHsetenv PATH $ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/libsetenv CLASSPATH $ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib


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setenv CLASSPATH $CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

if ( $USER == "oracle" ) thenlimit maxproc 16384limit descriptors 65536

endif

umask 022

Now run the following command to make these changes effective in the current session of user oracle.

-- for bash shell$ source ~/.bash_profile-- for C shell$ source ~/.login

Install Oracle 11g Release 2 on RHEL 5:

The environment is ready for oracle installation. Its time to prepare the oracle installation media now.Download or Copy the oracle media to the oracle user home directory i.e. /home/oracle.

Once Download/Copy is done unzip the media as follows:

$ cd /home/oracle$ lslinux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip$$ unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip$ unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

Once the unzip is finished go to the "database" directory unzipped in the previous step and start theOracle Universal Installer.

$ cd /home/oracle/database/

$ ./runInstaller

The OUI (Oracle Universal Installer) should start and you should see following screens in the ordergiven below:

1. Provide your email address and Oracle support password to get security updates from Oracle.

Configure Security Updates
http://www.oracleflash.com/images/ora11g_on_rhel5/1.pnghttp://www.oracleflash.com/images/ora11g_on_rhel5/1.pnghttp://www.oracleflash.com/images/ora11g_on_rhel5/1.png


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2. Installation options like creating a database, installing oracle software only or upgrading thedatabase. Select "Create and configure a database".

Installation Options


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3. Choose the system class here. Select "Server Class" it provides more advanced options.

System Class


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4. Choose from creating a single node installation or RAC.

Node Selection


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5. Choose your installation Typical or Advanced. We will go with typical at this moment.

Install Type


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6. If you choose typical install in previous screen, then you will see this page for Install Configurations.Provide Oracle software installation location, database files location and administrator password etc.

Typical Install Configurations


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8. Now all prerequisite checks will be performed here and if every thing is ok you will be moved to theinstall summary page. You can hit the "Back" button and come back to see the status of all the checksperformed.

Prerequisite Checks


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9. Installation Summary page. Hit "Finish" to start the Installation.

Install Summary


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10. Installation Progress. This will take several minutes and it will automatically invoke DatabaseCOnfiguration Assistant to create a database.

Installation Progress


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11. Database Configuration Assistant invoked by the installer.

Database Configuration Assistant


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12. Once DBCA has finished creating the database, it will show a page like this. It is a summary of thedatabase that has just been created.

Database Creation Summary

13. As a last step you will be asked to execute some configuration scripts as root.

Execute Configuration Scripts

Open another console and login as root. Execute following once logged in successfully.

# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.Adding read,write permissions for group.Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the script is complete.

# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.shRunning Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:ORACLE_OWNER= oracleORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
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Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Finished product-specific root actions.

14. When configuration scripts are executed successfully by root press OK in the installer and you willsee this "Finish" page. Note down the management URL and press "Close".

COMMON ISSUES

Server parameter file or parameter file doesn't

Init.ora

Which IFILE being used SQL> show parameter ifile

Create PFILE From SPFILE CREATE pfile= FROM spfile=;

CREATE PFILE='c: emp\initorabase.ora' FROMSPFILE='SPFILEORABASE.ORA';

create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilecc.ora' from

pfile='init_20131230_2252.ora';

[oracle@oralab dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Sep 10 00:35:07 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> create pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initOCL.ora' from spfile='spfileorcl.ora';

File created.

SQL> exit

[oracle@oralab Desktop]$ sqlplus /nolog




Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup pfile='initoralab.ora'

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 849530880 bytes
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Fixed Size 1339824 bytes

Variable Size 499125840 bytes

Database Buffers 343932928 bytes

Redo Buffers 5132288 bytes

ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode

Reboot and startup the database.

[oracle@oralab Desktop]$ sqlplus /nolog




Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup pfile='initoralab.ora'

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 849530880 bytes

Fixed Size 1339824 bytes

Variable Size 499125840 bytes

Database Buffers 343932928 bytes

Redo Buffers 5132288 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

A database is started in EXCLUSIVE mode by default. Therefore, the

ORA-01102 error is misleading and may have occurred due to one of the

following reasons:

- there is still an "sgadef.dbf" file in the "ORACLE_HOME/dbs"

directory

- the processes for Oracle (pmon, smon, lgwr and dbwr) still exist

- shared memory segments and semaphores still exist even though thedatabase has been shutdown

- there is a "ORACLE_HOME/dbs/lk" file

The "lk" and "sgadef.dbf" files are used for locking shared memory.

It seems that even though no memory is allocated, Oracle thinks memory is

still locked. By removing the "sgadef" and "lk" files you remove any knowledge

oracle has of shared memory that is in use. Now the database can start.

POSSIBLE SOLUTION:

Verify that the database was shutdown cleanly by doing the following:

1. Verify that there is not a "sgadef.dbf" file in the directory


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"ORACLE_HOME/dbs".

% ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef.dbf

If this file does exist, remove it.

% rm $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef.dbf

2. Verify that there are no background processes owned by "oracle"

% ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep $ORACLE_SID

If background processes exist, remove them by using the Unix

command "kill". For example:

% kill -9

3. Verify that no shared memory segments and semaphores that are owned

by "oracle" still exist

% ipcs -b

If there are shared memory segments and semaphores owned by "oracle",

remove the shared memory segments

% ipcrm -m

and remove the semaphores

% ipcrm -s

NOTE: The example shown above assumes that you only have one

database on this machine. If you have more than one

database, you will need to shutdown all other databases

before proceeding with Step 4.

4. Verify that the "$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/lk" file does not exist

5. Startup the instance

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

demarre la base en mode nomount

Code :Slectionner tout - Visualiser dans une fentre part

startup nomount

Pour voir sa valeur



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http://www oracleflash com/19/Install-Oracle-11g-Release-2-on-RHEL-5 html

SELECT value FROM v$parameter WHERE name='memory_target';

Pour la modifier


ALTER system SET MEMORY_TARGET = 400M scope=spfile;pour voir la memoire partag de ta machine


df -k /dev/shm/

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