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2013 Annual Report 2

CONTENTS MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3

INDUSTRY ADVISORY BOARD .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 DIRECTOR’S REPORT ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 STAFF ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 ISI ASSOCIATES ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS............................................................................................................................................................................ 9 KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ..................................................................................................................................................................10 BUDGET ....................................................................................................................................................................................................11 RESEARCH PROJECTS ..................................................................................................................................................................................12

WATER TREATMENT ...............................................................................................................................................................................12 ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT AND ECOLOGY .............................................................................................................................................21 SOCIAL RESEARCH .................................................................................................................................................................................24 WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................................................25 BUILDING .............................................................................................................................................................................................32

CONSULTANCIES ........................................................................................................................................................................................33 HONOURS AND AWARDS .............................................................................................................................................................................34 CONFERENCES/WORKSHOPS CONDUCTED ....................................................................................................................................................36 INVITED PRESENTATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................................38 SEMINARS ................................................................................................................................................................................................40 OVERSEAS STUDENT VISITS .........................................................................................................................................................................41 CONFERENCE/WORKSHOP ATTENDANCE .......................................................................................................................................................42 PUBLICATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................................................................44 CONFERENCES ...........................................................................................................................................................................................50

KEYNOTE PRESENTATIONS ......................................................................................................................................................................53 ORAL PRESENTATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................................................53 POSTERS .............................................................................................................................................................................................55

INDUSTRY REPORTS ...................................................................................................................................................................................56

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INDUSTRY ADVISORY BOARD

Graeme Allinson Senior Research Fellow, The University of Melbourne Paul Atherton Manager, Project Delivery, Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water Chris Braddock Integrated Water Engineer, Metropolitan Planning Authority Dr Will Buchanan Manager Infrastructure Systems, Barwon Water Professor Stewart Burn Senior Principal Scientist, CSIRO Rodney Dedman Manager, Water, Department of Health Dr Dharma Dharmabalan General Manager, TasWater Gerard Dooley Manager, Treatment, Central Highlands Water Robert Franklin General Manager, Western Water

Geoff Gardiner General Manager, City West Water Antony Gibson General Manager Watercare, ORICA Watercare Dr David Halliwell General Manager, Research Water Research Australia Pam Kerry Product Futures and Research Manager South East Water Thomas Kuen Manager, Asset Management Research, Strategic Plan, Melbourne Water Stephen Lansdell Team leader – Water Environment Protection Authority(EPA) Dr Michel Lefebvre Steripak Pty Ltd Peter Mckinnon Manager, Environment and Sustainability, Wyndham City Council Eddy Ostarcevic Business Development Manager, Integrated Elements

Christine Prosser Senior Policy Officer, Dept. of Sustainability & Environment Gavin Rose Senior Research Scientist Department of Environment and Primary Industries Peter Scott Research Programs Manager, Melbourne Water David Sheehan General Manager, Water Quality Performance and Regulation Coliban Water Steve Shinners Manager Environmental Gippsland Water Professor Terence Turney Director Sonic Essentials Leah Wheatley Urban Water Planning Office of Living Victoria Tony Wright Chief Executive Officer, Victorian Water Industry Association

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STAFF DIRECTOR Professor Stephen Gray, PhD (Melbourne), BE (Melbourne)

RESEARCH Professor Paul Boon, PhD (Griffith), BSc Hons (Sydney)

ASSOC. RESEARCH PROFESSOR Professor Mikel Duke, PhD (UQ), BE Hons (UQ)

RESEARCH FELLOWS Dr Marlene Cran, PhD (VU), BSc Hons (VU) Dr Patrick Guay, PhD Zoology (Melbourne), MSc Medical Research (McGill, Montreal, Canada), BSc Hons Biochemistry (McGill, Montreal, Canada Dr Nicholas Milne, PhD (UNSW), BE (UNSW)

Dr Peter Sanciolo, PhD (Swinburne), B.App Sci (Swinburne), Dip.Ed (MCAE), Cert IV in Assessment & Workplace Training Dr Matthew Stewart, PhD (VU), BSc Hons (VU), BSc Medical Forensic and Analytical Chemistry (VU)

Dr Xing Yang, PhD (NTU, Singapore), Masters (CAS, China), BE (Zhejiang, China) Dr Bo Zhu, PhD (Deakin), MSc (Zhejiang, China), BSc (Zhejiang, China)

RESEARCH OFFICERS Noel Dow, MSc (VU), B. App Sci (VU)

Darli Myat, PhD (VU), BE 1ST class Hons (UNSW), BE (UNSW) Dr Jianhua Zhang, PhD (VU), MSc (Shandong, China), BE (Xi’an Jiaotong, China)

ADJUNCT RESEARCH PROFESSORS Neil Barr, Department of Primary Industries (DPI) Andrew Barton, Federation University

Stewart Burn, CSIRO Ian Campbell (VU) Tim Carroll, Fonterra (NZ) John Cary, VU Ivan Cole, CSIRO Dharma Dharmabalan, TasWater Andrew Groth, Siemens Water Technologies Manh Hoang, CSIRO Syed Hussainy, formerly Melbourne Water Michel Lefebvre, Steripak Pty Ltd Anne Pisarski, Queensland University of Technology

Nohemi Quispe-Chavez, Dairy Innovation Australia Limited Ashok Sharma, CSIRO Terence Turney, Sonic Essentials Yonggang Zhu, CSIRO

ADJUNCT RESEARCH ASSOC. PROFESSOR Hal Aral, Jervois Mining Ltd

ADJUNCT VISITING PROFESSORS Eric Peterson, University of Queensland Grant Stanley, CQ University


ISI ASSOCIATES Associate College/Department Associate Professor Jack Antonas Health and Biomedicine

Professor Anona Armstrong Law and Justice

Dr Swati Baindur-Hundson Health and Biomedicine

Professor Greg Baxter Engineering and Science

Professor Stephen Bigger Centre for Environmental Safety & Risk Engineering

Professor Gregory Blatch Health and Biomedicine

Dr Domenico Caridi Engineering and Science

Professor Stephen Collins Engineering and Science

Professor Peter Creamer Office of the VP & CIO (Infrastructure & Info Services)

Dr Nivedita Datta Health and Biomedicine

Professor Terry Delacy Business

Dr Osaana Donkor Health and Biomedicine

Dr Alison Duncan Engineering and Science

Dr Efrat Eilam Education

Professor Mike Faulkner Engineering and Science

Professor Adrian Fisher Arts

Professor Sam Fragomeni Engineering and Science

Sarah Fraser Engineering and Science

Dr Patrick Guay Office of Research Services

Professor Anne-Marie Hede Business

Dr Kanchana Jayasuriya Student-Academic Support and Development

Dr Joshua Johnson Engineering and Science

Professor Roger Jones Centre for Strategic Economic Studies

Robert Jovanovic Business

Professor Akhtar Kalam Engineering and Science

Associate Professor Wally Karnilowicz Arts

Dr Siewfang Law Arts

Peter Lechte Engineering and Science

Dr Wee Sit Lee Engineering and Science

Professor Jun-De Li Engineering and Science

Professor David McCallum Arts

Professor Terence McCann Health and Biomedicine


Dr Sandra McKechnie Engineering and Science

Associate Professor Mary Millikan Engineering and Science

Dr Vijay Mishra Engineering and Science

Dr Shobha Muthukumaran Engineering and Science

Dr Nitin Muttil Engineering and Science

Dr Dimuth Navaratna Engineering and Science

Dr Anne Ng Engineering and Science

Dr Lawrence Ngeh Engineering and Science

Dr Daniel Ooi Arts

Professor John Orbell Engineering and Science

Dr Megan O'Shea Engineering and Science

Dr Cagil Ozansoy Engineering and Science

Dr Rohani Paimin Engineering and Science

Professor Chris Perera Engineering and Science

Dr Gitesh Raikundalia Engineering and Science

Dr Lata Ramchandran Health and Biomedicine

Jeannie Rea Arts

Dr Gina Reyes Office of the Assistant Director Workforce Strategy and Communication

Dr Randal Robinson Engineering and Science

Associate Professor Vincent Rouillard Engineering and Science

Associate Professor Nick Sciulli Business

Associate Professor Nalin Sharda Engineering and Science

Dr Juan Shi Engineering and Science

Dr Xiao Su Health and Biomedicine

Professor Graham Thorpe Engineering and Science

Professor Michelle Towstoless Office of the PVC (Colleges and Distinctive Specialisations)

Dr Wouter VanDongen Engineering and Science

Professor Todor Vasiljevic Health and Biomedicine

Dr Srikanth Venkatesan Engineering and Science

Dr Deirdre Wilcock Arts

Dr Thomas Yeager Engineering and Science

Dr Abdullah Yilmaz Engineering and Science

Associate Professor Aladin Zayegh Engineering and Science

Professor Yanchun Zhang Centre for Applied Informatics


POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS DEGREES AWARDED Bernard Agana (PhD) PHD CANDIDATES

Rachel Aganetti Stephanie Ashbolt Sajal Adhikary Suchana Barua Sushil Kumar Das Sachindra Dhanapala Drikus Du Plooy Danaka Nilantha Gamage Li Gao Walter Godoy Khaled IBN Abdul Hamid Angela Hausmann Ikechukwu Ike Varuni Jayasooriya Uchenna Kennedy Kesieme Chi Lai Lyudmilea Lunevich Shahram Molavi Senaviratna Abeykoon Mudiyanselage Darli Myat Tasmin Nasrin Marziyeh Nazari Nepi Marleni Ni Eddy Ostarcevic Chathuri Piyadasa Qomarudin Qomarudin Rackel Reis Marta Slawuta Aaron Scard Arief Sutadian Alice Taysom Anne Venables Po Zhang

MASTERS CANDIDATE Thilini Hettiarachchi Marina Perera


KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

KPI Target Actual 2013 Actual 2012

External Income $1.5 million 1,991,872million $1.9million

Journal Publications 91 80

A*/A Journal Publications 11 11/9 6/9

Conference publications * 8 39 39

Industry reports 8 12

PhD candidates 10 33 (1) 33 (1)

Masters candidates 2 2

Consultancies 2 4 6

Training courses 1 8 4

Projects in colleges 23

() number of PhD students that completed in 2013

*HERDC recognised conference papers/proceedings


BUDGET

INCOME

University 673,000

Australian Research Council (ARC) 79,596

RTS 88,585

Research Projects 744,066

Consultancy 64,802

Education/Workshops/Misc./Internal Income 342,496

Total income 1,992,545

2012 Carry Forward 929,100

2,921,645

Expenses

Salaries 1,335,302

Travel/Meal Entertainment 130,942

Operations 345,305

Research Project Consumables/Equipment 250,641

Education/Workshops 122,840

Consultancies 33,182

Total Expenses 2,218,212

Operating Result 703,433


RESEARCH PROJECTS WATER TREATMENT A NOVEL FORWARD OSMOSIS PROCESS FOR HIGH WATER RECOVERY INLAND WATER DESALINATION Project Description: Saline water is a viable source of water, but reverse osmosis (RO) desalination of this water requires robust upstream pre-treatment and downstream post-treatment. Generally, chemical pre-treatment is the most commonly used technique but requires sludge disposal. Post-treatment of brine represents significant problems in the desalination industry and can take up 5 to 33% of the total cost of desalination. Therefore this project aims to explore a forward osmosis (FO) technique as a novel desalination pre and post treatment process compared to conventional processes. The objective of this study is to assess the viability of applying FO for the reduction of sludge and brine volume whilst increasing water recovery, through laboratory-scale experiments. The expected outcome is robust experimental evidence showing the cost and energy saving in using forward osmosis as pre-treatment and post-treatment to inland water desalination. The project has been set up to align with the commercially available forward osmosis membrane processes (Hydration Technology Innovations) emerging in water treatment. So if we succeed to demonstrate improvement to the desalination plant, there is an opportunity to partner with established technology providers to move quickly to pilot scale. Research Sponsors: Victoria University Central Research Grants Scheme (VUCRGS) Investigators: Shobha Muthukumaran (Victoria University), Jega Jegatheesan (Deakin University), Stephen Gray (Victoria University, Dharma Dharmabalan (TasWater formerly Coliban Water)

ALTERNATIVE DISPOSAL METHODS FOR END-OF-LIFE DESALINATION MEMBRANE ELEMENTS Project Description: Membrane elements used for desalination have a service life of 5-8 years before they must be replaced. At present, there are few options for disposing of these used elements and they are typically sent to landfill. One option currently under investigation is the reuse of used membranes in lower specification applications; however, not all elements are suitable for reuse and eventually all elements will need to be discarded. Membrane elements are complex structures comprised of a number of different polymeric components and although direct recycling is not possible, the individual components may potentially be recovered for other uses. This project aims to find alternative uses for end-of-life desalination membranes with a focus on the reuse or recycling of valuable materials for other industries

Research Sponsors: National Centre of Excellence in Desalination Australia (NCEDA) Investigators: Marlene Cran, Matthew Stewart, Mikel Duke, Stephen Bigger (Victoria University, Pierre Le-Clech (University of New South Wales), Kai-Uwe Hoehn (Dow Water and Process Solutions)


AN INNOVATIVE COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE DISTILLATION: CONVERTING WASTE HEAT AND WASTE WATER FROM TEXTILE PROCESSING TO RECYCLED WATER Project Description: This work investigates the possibility of treating Bruck’s textiles combined effluent by Membrane Distillation (MD) to recover useful water and minimise, or eliminate liquid disposal. This project represents another step towards commercialisation of VU’s membrane distillation technology. To date the project has been operating a single module MD pilot plant on the site's effluent to explore the obstacles to expansion to an industrial capacity. The objective of the project is to design a membrane module and modify the pilot plant with a target production rate of 3 m3/d. The next phase is to demonstrate the performance of the larger module and pre-treatment techniques. Research Sponsors: AusIndustry & Bruck Textiles Investigators: Mikel Duke, Noel Dow, Nicholas Milne, Jianhua Zhang, Stephen Gray, Jesus Villalobos Garcia (Victoria University), Leslie Naidoo (Bruck Textiles)

ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVES TO DISPOSAL OF USED RO MEMBRANES Project Description: This project explores alternatives to disposal of RO membranes and addresses a growing concern in the uptake of massive scale desalination systems in Australia. The project has been supported by interns visiting from Europe and is part of a larger project funded by the National Centre of Excellence for Desalination lead by University of New South Wales. A PhD student from UNSW is leading the work and VU has hosted 2 interns from France to continue complimentary studies in our laboratories. The final project meeting is scheduled for February 2014. Research Sponsor: National Centre of Excellence in Desalination Australia (NCEDA) Investigators: Pierre Le-Cleche, Greg Leslie, William Lawler (University of New South Wales), Mikel Duke, Marlene Cran (Victoria University), Bradley Ladewig (Monash University), Kai-Uwe Hoehn (Dow Filmtec), Amanda Hazell (Water Corporation), Con Pelekani (SA Water), Stephen Roddy (Sydney Water)


DEMONSTRATION OF LOW MAINTENANCE CHEMICAL FREE RECYLING OF SECONDARY TREATED EFFLUENT BY CERAMIC MEMBRANES Project Description: The projects aim is to demonstrate cost savings, low maintenance and waste reducing opportunities of ceramic membranes. This pilot trial brings together an international team of technology, water treatment and research experts to successfully demonstrate the novel ceramic membrane system hybridised with ozonation at Melbourne Water's Eastern Treatment Plant. The 25m2 microfiltration plant operated between August 2012 and July 2013 under a matrix of different conditions to fully explore the benefits of the hybrid process. The experimental plan included operating the plant with and without influent ozonisation as well as coagulant addition. The trial found that significantly higher plant performance was achieved when ozone was used in conjunction with coagulation and allowed a permeate flux of 182 L/m2.h. The project is in partnership with PWN Technologies (The Netherlands), Melbourne Water, South East Water, Water Research Australian and Black and Veatch. Research Sponsor: Australian Water Recycling Centre of Excellence (AWRCoE), Water Research Australia and Melbourne Water

Investigators: Mikel Duke, Noel Dow, Julia Roehr, Stephen Gray, Nicholas Milne, Bo Zhu (Victoria University), Danny Murphy, Lisa Solomon, Judy Blackbeard, John Mieog (Melbourne Water), Ann Gooding and Pam Kerry (South East Water), James Currie (Black & Veatch), Gareth Roeszler, Simon Wilson and David Halliwell (WRA), Jonathan Clement (PWN Technologies), Danny Murphy, Lisa Solomon, Judy Blackbeard, John Mieog (Melbourne Water), Ann Gooding (South East Water), James Currie (Black & Veatch), Gareth Roeszler, Simon Wilson (WRA), Jonathan Clement (PWN Technologies)

Inside the pilot plant; foreground is the pressurised backwash tank, and behind is the membrane housing (Photo courtesy of PWN Technologies)

Noel Dow demonstrating the pilot plant’s control system (Photo courtesy of PWN Technologies)

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DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED CERAMIC MEMBRANES: A ROBUST SOLUTION TO SUSTAINABLE WATER TREATMENT Project Description: This project aims to develop novel robust ceramic membranes for water treatment applications. The project has been focusing on zeolite membranes for desalination of ‘challenging’ wastewaters such as saline recycled wastewater and mining wastewater. Zeolite membranes are suitable for highly robust desalination applications as they are purely inorganic materials which possess the essential porous properties to diffuse water and reject ions. The opportunity for cost saving is the ability to avoid complex pre-treatment currently employed to protect polymer membranes. Also, zeolite membranes are more chemically tolerant and can tolerate chlorine cleaning or be applied where current polymer membranes cannot. The project has successfully fabricated zeolite membranes using a simplified seeded and secondary growth method. The developed membranes have been tested on saline recycled wastewater and mining wastewater and demonstrated good ion rejection. Future work on the project is to scale up on the fabrication of zeolite membranes and continue exploring performance of the membrane for other ‘challenging’ wastewaters. Research Sponsors: Australian Research Council (ARC) linkage with CI Ceramics (Sydney), Chosun Refractory Company Investigators: Mikel Duke, Stephen Gray (Victoria University), Gayle Morris (University of SA), Shuichi Maeda (CI Ceramics (Aust) Pty Ltd), Domun Choi and Yong Na (Chosun Refractory Co Ltd), Il-Shik Moon (Sunchon National University)

EDUCATION, ACTIVE LIVING AND WATER: LEVERAGING VICTORIA UNIVERSITY’S RESEARCH INVESTMENT Project Description: The Collaborative Research Networks (CRN) has commenced and the water research topics being covered by the CRN include:

1. Economics of alternative water supplies in urban areas (with CSIRO) Led by Professor Roger Jones and is aligning with the Greening the West program

2. Water and community building (Social Science – with Deakin University) Led by Professor Adrian Fisher

3. Direct potable recycling (Water Treatment with the University of Melbourne). Led by Professor Stephen Gray.

4. Metal membrane fabrication and utilisation (Water Treatment with Deakin University) Led by Professor Stephen Gray.

Research Sponsor: Collaborative Research Network (CRN) Investigators: Warren Payne, Stephen Gray, Mikel Duke, Roger Jones, Adrian Fisher, (Victoria University), Liz Sonenberg (University of Melbourne), Lee Astheimer (Deakin University), John Findlay-Jones (Edith Cowan), Alan Gregory (CSIRO), Rackel Reis, Khaled Ibn Abdul Hamid (PhD students)


EVALUATION OF A NON-CHEMICAL PULSED-POWER TECHNOLOGY AS AN ANTIFOULING PRE-TREATMENT FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS DESALINATION MEMBRANES Project Description: Fundamental investigation of pulsed electromagnetic radiation and its ability to prevent biofouling by killing bacteria. The literature review in the area has been submitted. The static testing system of the EMF units have been set up and the flowing tests are currently underway. Initial testing of bactericidal and free radical generation have been undertaken using the EMF units. Research Sponsor: National Centre of Excellence for Desalination Australia (NCEDA) Investigators: Thomas Yeager, John Orbell, Stephen Gray (Victoria University), Harry Ridgeway (Aquamem & Stanford University) HIGH WATER RECOVERY INLAND DESALINATION USING MEMBRANE DISTILLATION WITH CERAMIC MEMBRANES Project Description: Inland desalination is a growing practice due to the increasing water needs of inland based communities and commercial operations. Conventional technologies such as reverse osmosis can be used for such purposes, although there are associated problems with fouling, power supply and brine disposal. Hence, there is a need to develop novel enabling desalination technologies that address these problems and also deliver value to inland communities and companies. This project aims to trial a new thermally based robust ceramic desalination membrane to achieve higher water recoveries at lower capital and operating cost. These ceramic membranes will be tested on real brine solutions as part of this project. The anticipated performance and cost data from this research will be critical for scaling-up to larger trials and identifying the commercial potential for this new technology. This project is led by the University of Queensland.

Research Sponsor: National Centre of Excellence for Desalination Australia (NCEDA)

Investigators: Joe da Costa (University of Queensland), Mikel Duke (Victoria University), Simon Cashion (Ceramipore), Simon Smart (University of Queensland)

EXTRACTION OF WATER AND MINERAL FROM COAL SEAM GAS PRODUCED WATER FOR BENEFICIAL USE Project Description: Victoria University is collaborating with the University of Wollongong, AGL and Osmoflo to examine processing of AGL’s brackish GSC water. Victoria University is considering the use of membrane distillation using waste heat from on-site generators to drive the process. Novel membrane cleaning approaches are being investigated to improve membrane distillation operation. The University of Wollongong is considering reverse osmosis followed by mulit-effect distillation and membrane electrolysis of the brine for production of sodium hydroxide. These activities are progressing to pilot scale operations. Research Sponsor: National Centre of Excellence for Desalination Australia (NCEDA) Investigators: Long Nghiem , Will Price, Allan Chivas (University of Wollongong), Tzahi Cath (Colorado School of Mines), Hiep Le, Po Zhang (Osmoflo), Stephen Gray, Mikel Duke (Victoria University), John Ross, Nicola Fry (AGL), Junji Mizutani, Yo Fujimoto (Sasakura Engineering Co), Bart Nelemans (AquaStill) IDENTIFYING AND QUANTIFYING THE OUTCOMES OF MEMBRANE RESEARCH: IMPACTS ON THE AUSTRALIAN AND INTERNATIONAL WATER INDUSTRY Project Description: The aim of this project is to demonstrate the benefits and impact of membrane research for the water industry and draw out specific case studies that highlight the benefits. The project will also examine Australian R&D efforts, particularly through the CRC and WQRA to assess the benefits of this research portfolio. Research Sponsor: Water Research Australia

Investigator: Stephen Gray (Victoria University)


IMPROVING THE DURABILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF HOLLOW FIBRE MEMBRANES WITH NANOCOMPOSITE AND INORGANIC/ORGANIC HYBRID MATERIALS Project Description: Nanocomposite materials were developed in partnership with Australia’s largest membrane manufacturer, Siemens Water Technologies, to produce more robust polymeric membranes. The material featured advanced nanoparticles to offer enhanced material characteristics to improve wear resistance. This PhD project was funded by Siemens Water Technologies and the ARC, and the PhD student Jessica Lai will be submitting her thesis beginning of 2014.

Research Sponsors: Australian Research Council Linkage project with Siemens Water Technologies Investigators: Chi (Jessica) Lai (PhD student), Mikel Duke, Stephen Gray, (Victoria University), Andrew Groth (Siemens Water Technologies)

INNOVATIVE MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE LOW ENERGY NITROGEN RECOVERY Project Description: This is a 4 year project supported by City West Water and Victoria University collaborating with the University of Queensland’s Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory. The aim of this project is to demonstrate novel membranes to capture ammonia, driven by waste heat, so as to reduce the nitrogen load in wastewaters and to potentially increase recycling of ammonia in industry. Research Sponsor: Victoria University Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme/City West Water

Investigators: Mikel Duke, Xing Yang, Jun-De Li (Victoria University), Joe Da Costa, Simon Smart (The University of Queensland)

IMPROVEMENT OF SPECTRAL ANALYSIS SENSITIVITY FOR DETECTING LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF CYANOBACTERIA IN FRESHWATER CONTAINING INTERFERING NOM AND OTHER MICROORGANISMS Project Description: A technique for early detection (<5,000 cells/mL) of blue green algae in the field is being researched. Fluorescence techniques are being investigated in a related project via field trials at Lake Fyans, but may prove insufficiently sensitive for detection at 5,000 cell/mL. The approach taken in this project is based on laboratory based techniques that could be integrated in to a flow injection analysis (FIA) approach. The processes being considered are extraction of algal pigments followed by purification and concentration via ion exchange. A laboratory approach is being confirmed and a prototype FIA system has been developed that is currently being tested and modified to improve efficient allowing larger sample throughput.

Research Sponsor: Victoria University Research Grants Scheme (VURGS)

Investigators: Mary Millikan, Stephen Gray (Victoria University), Eddy Ostarcevic (Integrated Elements), Paul Atherton (Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water (GWM Water))

INNOVATIVE ZERO-ENERGY MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES TO REDUCE WATER CONSUMPTION IN THE DAIRY INDUSTRY Project Description: This project aims to implement and optimise innovative membrane technologies to reduce water consumption in Australian dairy processing which don’t require added energy (zero-energy). In Victoria alone, more than 1000ML of wastewater are produced annually by the dairy industry which is high in dissolved solids. The novel process to be used in this project is membrane distillation which can desalinate waste water streams to very high standard using available waste low grade heat. The types of membrane, unique milk interactions, handling fouling and appropriate operation conditions are novel contributions to membrane science and major dairy processing. This project is funded by the Australian Research Council Linkage Project scheme with the industry partner Dairy Innovation Australia Ltd. The PhD student Angela Hausmann submitted her thesis for examination. Masters student Thilini Hettiarachchi plans to submit her thesis early 2014.

Research Sponsors: Australian Research Council Linkage project with Dairy Innovation Australia Ltd

Investigators: Thilini Hettiarachchi, Angela Hausmann, Mikel Duke, Peter Sanciolo, Todor Vasiljevic (Victoria University), Mike Weeks (Dairy Innovation Australia Ltd)


MEMBRANE INTEGRITY Project Description: Recent developments in this project have led to the development of a new detection technique based on light scattering of nanoparticles. Samples tested using this technique show promise for higher LRVs than previously shown by fluorescent nanoparticles. Work on a series of 2.5” used membranes was conducted by a visiting intern with several tests conducted to investigate vacuum decay rates, salt rejection and fluorescent tracer rejection. A paper on the progress in this work was presented at the AWA Membranes and Desalination Conference (July 2013) and at IMSTEC (November 2013). The final report has been submitted to WRA and the possibility of developing a patent for the new detection technique is currently being discussed. Research Sponsors: Water Quality Research Australia (WQRA), Coliban Water, Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water (GWM Water)

Investigators: Eddy Ostarcevic (PhD student) Stephen Gray, Marlene Cran (Victoria University) NOVEL SEPARATION PROCESSES IN THE MINING INDUSTRY Project Description: The mining industry has opportunities for improved efficiency for its sustainable operations in the adoption of novel separation systems including membrane distillation. In this project, membrane distillation is being explored as a potential means to recover acid and compared to other separation techniques. This project is sponsored and in partnership with the CSIRO Minerals Division. PhD student, Uchenna worked in Perth working with Dr Chu Yong Cheng exploring solvent extraction. Uchenna submitted his PhD thesis for examination, marking the completion of this project, on 12th December 2013. Research Sponsor: CSIRO Investigators: Uchenna Kennedy Kesieme (PhD student), Mikel Duke, Nicholas Milne (Victoria University), Hal Aral (Victoria University), Chu Yong Cheng (CSIRO)

PASTEURISATION FOR PRODUCTION OF CLASS A WATER Project Description: This project aims to reduce treatment costs, energy requirements and to simplify control of disinfection processes by proving a new treatment process, pasteurisation, under rigorous conditions required by the Departments of Health. The key aims of this project are:

To demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Australian Health Departments (DoH) that pasteurisation can be used to produce Class A water from secondary treated wastewater containing small particles. Disinfection targets are virus, protozoa, helminths and bacteria.

To develop a validation protocol that can be recommended by DoH for future users of pasteurisation and also be included in NatVal output.

To demonstrate and evaluate the usefulness and feasibility of pasteurization for existing wastewater treatment plants, identifying the requirements for variable flows, turbidity, temperature, algae and effects on algal toxins.

To extrapolate the results from large scale wastewater recycling to small plants treating stormwater and/or wastewater in the new Integrated Water Management paradigm, where waste heat from micro-turbines or plant equipment in buildings might be available.

Research Sponsor: Australian Water Recycling Centre of Excellence

Investigators: Peter Sanciolo, Stephen Gray, Dimuth Navaratna (Victoria University), Judy Blackbeard (Melbourne Water), Alex Keegan (SA Water), Andrew Salveson (Carollo Engineers, USA), Greg Ryan (Pasteurisation Technology Group), Glen Millot (WJP Solutions)


RESILIENT DESALINATION PRE-TREATMENT OF SALINE SECONDARY EFFLUENT BY CERAMIC MEMBRANES Project Description: This lab scale project explores the aspects of water quality change and RO membrane performance when ceramic membranes are used as a pre-treatment to desalination. The ceramic membranes were operated in conjunction with oxidation processes including ozone and UV which are well known water treatment operations, but have the added function to assist the fouling reduction on the ceramic membrane. This project is funded by the NCED and City West Water, with collaboration from RMIT and Water Research Australia. Research Sponsor: National Centre of Excellence in Desalination Australia (NCEDA) and City West Water

Investigators: Darli Myat, Mikel Duke, Bo Zhu, Shobha Muthukumaran (Victoria University) Felicity Roddick (RMIT), Chris Arabatzoudis and April Chan (City West Water), David Halliwell (WRA)

SYNERGIES BETWEEN CERAMIC MEMBRANES AND NANO STRUCTURED PHOTOCATALYSIS PRE-TREATMENT FOR DESALINATION PLANTS Project Description: Investigation of catalytic oxidation processes in combination with ceramic membranes, and its ability to destroy organic compounds. Research Sponsor: Victoria University project

Investigators: Shobha Muthukumaran, Bo Zhu, Mikel Duke (Victoria University)

TOWARDS ZERO DISCHARGE DAIRY FACILITIES Project Description: The project commenced in July 2013 by employing a postdoctoral fellow. In the past six months the team has embarked on understanding fundamentals of an acid whey system and its chemical and physical properties under a range of processing conditions. The work has produced a great deal of information in regards to mineral speciation and protein behaviour, while indicated an important role of lactic acid. The postdoctoral fellow was successful obtaining a CRGS funding to establish physical behaviour of lactose during concentration process under conditions mimicking those during concentration of acid whey. The project is fully supported by DIAL, whose members keep providing valuable input and direction.

Research Sponsor: Victoria University Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme Investigators: Todor Vasiljevic, Mikel Duke, Osaana Donkor, Lata Ramchandran, Stephen Gray (Victoria University), Martin Palmer, Michael Weeks, Bogdan Zisu (DIAL) TRANSFORMATION CHEMISTRY OF EDCS/PPCPS RESULTING FROM THE DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER Project Description: Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP’s) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC’s) are anthropogenic contaminants released into the environment via wastewater. These compounds are frequently detected in raw drinking water sources, and recent research has raised concerns that incomplete mineralisation of EDC’s and PPCP’s by oxidising chemical agents (such as chlorine, chloramines or chlorine dioxide) may lead to the production of toxic transformation products in some instances. Due to the already low levels of these compounds in water, it is difficult to study the transformation products being produced in situ. In this regard, a novel computational chemistry method has been developed, and is currently undergoing evaluation, for the identification of potential transformation products generated from the treatment of a range of PPCP’s/EDC’s with, initially, hypochlorite. These theoretical results will be compared with experimental results to determine the effectiveness of this approach Research Sponsors: Water Research Australia (WRA), Water Reuse Research Foundation (USA) Investigators: Frederic Leusch (Griffith University), Matthew Stewart, John Orbell (Victoria University), Beate Escher, Marcella Card (The University of Queensland), Harry Ridgway (AquaMem Consultants, KAUST), Andrew Humpage (Australian Water Quality Centre), Jeffrey Charrois (Curtin University WRF REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) MEMBRANE INTEGRITY Project Description New techniques to improve on-line LRV monitoring of RO membranes will be developed in this project, and it may include the new technique identified in the WaterRA project on this topic. A literature review has been submitted for approval, a survey of validation issues sent to operators and manufacturers and industry workshops are planned for March/April. Research Sponsor: Water Reuse Research Foundation (USA), MWH Americas, Inc (USA) Investigators: Joseph Jacangelo, MWH Americas, Inc (USA), Stephen Gray, Marlene Cran (Victoria University), Eddy Ostarcevic (Integrated Elements), Arun Subramani (MWH Americas Inc, (USA))


ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT AND ECOLOGY CONTROLLING LOPHOPYRUM PONTICUM (TALL WHEAT GRASS) IN THE SALTMARSHES OF WESTERN PORT Project Description: It has long been assumed that coastal wetlands are not susceptible to invasions by weeds. A review was recently submitted (Boon et al. to Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Systems) casts doubt on this assumption and argues that wetlands are among the most susceptible to weeds of all ecosystems. This project, undertaken in collaboration with Melbourne Water, will determine experimentally the best combination of treatments (fire, slashing, two different herbicides) for controlling weeds that infest coastal saltmarsh. The target weed species is Tall Wheat Grass, the most serious and invasive of the salt-tolerant pasture weeds. Field trials are being undertaken at Lang Lang, on the eastern shore of Western Port. A pre-treatment vegetation assessment has been undertaken and two post-treatment assessments in 2012. A third assessment was conducted in 2013 and a final assessment is due in 2014. Research Sponsor: Melbourne Water Investigator: Paul Boon (Victoria University)

DRD4 DOPAMINE RECEPTOR GENETICS AND MICRO SATELLITE ASSAYS IN THE INDIAN MYNA Project Description: Ecological invasions present a major threat to biodiversity and constitute an important component of global change. The cost of damage and control of invasive species is estimated to amount to $138 billion annually in U.S. and, considering only 11 major pest species, $720 million in Australia. The project aims to understand what makes an individual more adept to invade new territories. On potential trait that could explain the invasive capacity of individuals is personality. Personality traits have been demonstrated to correlate with various alleles of the DRD4 gene. I will therefore sequence the DRD4 gene for various individuals and determine if variation in the gene exists between individuals. Research Sponsor: University of Newcastle Investigator: Patrick Guay (Victoria University)

INVESTIGATING THE EXTENT OF HYBRIDISATION BETWEEN INTRODUCED MALLARDS AND PACIFIC BLACK DUCKS IN AUSTRALIA Project Description: This project will use genetic markers to study the level of hybridisation between introduced Mallards and Pacific Black Ducks in Australia. The use of genetics rather than phenotype will allow identification of cryptic hybrids and therefore proper estimation of the rate of hybridisation. This will permit to provide management advices to state and commonwealth wildlife agencies toward the control of feral Mallard populations. Research Sponsors: MA Ingram Trust, Australian Bird Study Association, Birdlife Australia Investigators: Alice Taysom, Patrick-Jean Guay (Victoria University)


FACTORS DETERMINING HABITAT SELECTION BY BIRDS IN COASTAL HABITATS IN WESTERN PORT, VICTORIA Project Description: A PhD project by Marta Slawuta and supervised by Paul Boon (Victoria University) and Dr Birgita Hansen (ex-Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg; now based at the University of Ballarat). The project will examine the way different types of coastal wetland provide habitat and food for terrestrial, shore and wading birds, and how this usage will be affected by coastal development and climate change. Forty field sites have been selected along the coast of Western Port and bird surveys have commenced at these sites. The comparison of different methods for assessing wetland condition will start in early 2013, and this aspect of the project will include an assessment of the degree to which these protocols reflect the value of wetland habitats to water, shore and bush birds Project is funded by VU, with industry contributions (cash and in-kind) from The City of Casey and Parks Victoria. Research Sponsor: Victoria University PhD project, City of Casey Investigators: Marta Slawuta (PhD student), Paul Boon (Victoria University)

HUMAN-WATERBIRD CONFLICTS: DETERMINATION OF SUITABLE BUFFER ZONES FOR AUSTRALIAN DABBLING AND GRAZING WATERFOWL Project Description: Worldwide, waterbirds are increasingly threatened by habitat loss. In Australia, human population growth has resulted in increasing encroachment on waterbird habitat resulting in human-wildlife conflicts. This study partly funded by Birds Australia will investigate the flight initiation distance of dabbling and grazing waterfowl to various anthropogenic stimuli. Results from this study will provide information to land and wildlife managers on the size of exclusion/buffer zones that are required to protect those species from human disturbance. This will ensure the conservation of waterbirds for future generations. Research Sponsor: Melbourne Water, VU Research Grant Scheme Investigators: Patrick Guay, Clare Scarface (Victoria University), Mike Weston (Deakin University)

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL HUMAN DISTURBANCE MONITORING AT THE WESTERN TREATMENT PLANT Project Description: This project will investigate the behaviour and values of birdwatchers using the Western Treatment Plant to better understand the disturbance toward waterbirds that is associated with recreational use of the site Research Sponsor: Melbourne Water Investigator: Patrick-Jean Guay (Victoria University)


SATELLITE TRACKING OF GREY TEALS DISPERSING FROM THE WESTERN TREATMENT PLANT, WERRIBEE Project Description: Water availability varies extensively both spatially and temporally in the inland region of Australia. Waterbirds living in the arid region must therefore be able to respond to local and regional cues in order to find suitable habitat. The spatial and temporal variation of habitat availability has caused arid zone waterfowl to become nomadic. The Grey Teal (Ana’s graceless) is nomadic and can breed at any time of the year when water becomes available. Results from banding studies demonstrate that Grey Teals can cross Australia in search of suitable habitat. Movement between wetlands can be rapid as some satellite tracked Grey Teals moved over 400km overnight between wetlands. Movements do not seem to be random dispersal from one wetland to another, but rather purposeful direct movement between wetlands that can separated by 100s of kilometres. Unfortunately, little is known of the movement of Grey Teals from southern Victoria. From a conservation stand-point, it is very important to understand how far Grey Teals disperse from their non-breeding refuge to better target ephemeral wetlands to protect. Better understanding of their dispersal will also permit to determine if Grey Teals exist as multiple separate populations or if all teals throughout Australia are part of one single meta-population. The aim of the project is to promote the conservation of Victoria’s Biodiversity through increasing our understanding of Grey Teal movement. Research Sponsors: Australian Bird Study Association, FNCV Environment Fund, VU Researcher Development Grant Scheme; Melbourne Water Corporation Investigators: Patrick-Jean Guay, Megan O’Shea (Victoria University)

THE HAWKESBURY RIVER: A SOCIAL AND NATURAL HISTORY Project Description: This project is to write a critical review of the social and natural history of the Hawkesbury River, to be published as a 300+ page book by CSIRO Publishing in 2015. Contracts for publication were exchanged in February 2012. Approximately 60% of the book has been written so far, including Chapter 1 (an overview of how Australians have conceptualized aquatic systems; Chapter 2 (a history of research on the Hawkesbury); Chapter 3 (geology and geomorphology); Chapter 4 (climate, hydrology and water quality); Chapter 6 (strategic assessment and modern-European history); and Chapters 7 & 8 (access to and across the river). A number of these chapters are in the process of external review. The remaining chapters will be completed by the end of 2014: chapters on flora and fauna; on Aboriginal use and early colonial exploration; on musicians and artists inspired by the Hawkesbury; and on current day utilisation for fisheries and for recreation. Investigator: Paul Boon (Victoria University)


SOCIAL RESEARCH

ADVANCED TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER AT AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTIC STATIONS FOR DIRECT POTABLE REUSE – SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE Project Description: This project is investigating the social dimensions, attitudes, and likely emotional responses related to implementation of integrated water management, with particular reference to Antarctic sites. The investigators will undertake social and psychological research on potential water supply options at Antarctic bases. Research Sponsor: Australian Antarctic Division Investigators: Daniel Ooi, John Cary, Adrian Fisher (Victoria University)

STAKEHOLDER VALUES, ATTITUDES AND EMOTION RELATED TO RECYCLED WATER (A COMPONENT OF THE EVALUATION OF SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES) Project Description: The aim and objectives of this research are to work with the water industry to develop a national demonstration and engagement program that supports successful public engagement and addresses stakeholder concerns (in particular the media, policy makers, community and politicians) through the provision of contemporary information on potable reuse as a viable water supply option. We will develop innovative resources, based on evidence, about how to engage the community to enable informed decision making about water supply options. The research will also further consider the extent to which the update of potable reuse in Australia is being stymied by media-driven panics that fuel an amplified cycle of misinformed public concern, stigma and political caution. This project is now complete, and the publication of six module reports detailing the findings from the work is being finalised by the AWRCoE. Research Sponsor: Australian Water Recycling Centre of Excellence (AWRCoE) Investigators: John Cary, Adrian Fisher, Daniel Ooi (Victoria University)


WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND URBANIZATION ON URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Project Description: Climate change is unequivocal. Today there is evidence that the average temperature of the globe is increasing. With global warming, extreme events like high intensity rainfall are increasing, which in turn leads to increase in urban flash flooding because the urban drainage systems cannot cope with the increased flows. Moreover, human induced changes in land use pattern (urbanization) causes more imperviousness, which further exacerbates the problem due to increased run-off from urban catchments. Flooding in urban areas is considerably sensitive not only to the intensity and duration of extreme events but also to the hydrologic and hydraulic characteristics of urban catchments. Based on detailed discussions with two councils in Melbourne, three key characteristics of urban catchments have been identified that represent changes due to urbanization. These are:

i) Increase in imperviousness in the catchment ii) Change in storage capacity of the catchment iii) Change in conveyance capacity of the

catchment This project aims to assess the impacts of climate change and urbanization (in terms of the above three characteristics) on urban drainage systems functionality. The project will be implemented in 3 phases. Firstly, different future climate scenarios will be generated using Global Climate Models (GCMs). A downscaling procedure will be applied to produce precipitation for a local urban area at a high resolution to be applied into a hydrologic/hydraulic model. Secondly, urban drainage systems will be assessed using various scenarios of climate change and the three key catchment characteristics. Finally, a sensitivity analysis will be undertaken to derive the thresholds of the three catchment characteristics to maintain an appropriate level of drainage system functionality. Research Sponsor: Victoria University PhD project Investigators: Shahram Molavi (PhD student), Nitin Muttil (Victoria University), Dung Tran (RMIT)

CATCHMENT LEVEL DOWNSCALING OF HYDROCLIMATIC VARIABLES FROM GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL OUTPUTS Project Description: Due to recent droughts, the Grampian-Wimmera-Mallee headworks system experienced a large drop in inflows to its reservoirs. Recently, the inefficient open channel transmission network has been replaced with a pipeline. Due to this system reconfiguration, the operating rules need to be revisited. Development of monthly optimized operating rules requires monthly hydro-climatic data which also accounts for climate change. The aim of this research is to predict monthly streamflows, precipitation, temperature and evaporation at strategic points in the catchment, from outputs of 5 General Circulation Models (which are most relevant to the study area) up to year 2100. Monthly GCM outputs will be downscaled statistically to catchment scale hydroclimatic variables with Support Vector Machine and multiple linear regression. The research will employ downscaling models based on 12 calendar months enabling a better capture of hydroclimatic variables in terms of extreme values. This project was conducted as a PhD project by Sachindra Dhanapala and Sachindra will graduate in October 2014. Sachindra’s thesis was by publications, and had 7 publications, 5 already published or accepted for publication at the time of submission. More than half of his publications were in SciMago Q1 category. Research Sponsors: Victoria University PhD project, Australian Research Council (ARC), Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water (GWM Water) Investigators: Sachindra Dhanapala (PhD student), Chris Perera, Fuchun Huang (Victoria University), Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water (GWM Water)


COMBINED USE OF RECYCLED WATER AND STORMWATER VIA A THIRD PIPE SYSTEM Project Description: This project specifically investigates the viability of combined transport of recycled water and stormwater in a single pipe, where treated stormwater is injected into the third pipe that also carries recycled water. This combined use of both recycled and stormwater (captured at various locations of the third pipe along the way) is a novel approach which is unknown to have been practised anywhere in the world, but has great potential for better utilising water resources and infrastructure. With this approach better use can be made of network infrastructure, optimisation of water resources, ensuring water quality and the public acceptance. The project is being carried out as a Master project by Marina Perera. Marina started her Master of Engineering In January 2014. Research Sponsors: VU Master’s project, City West Water Investigators: Chris Perera, Shobha Muthukumaran, Anne Ng (Victoria University)

DEVELOPMENT OF A FORECASTING SCHEME FOR RESERVOIR INFLOWS Project Description: Risk based planning of multi-reservoir water supply systems relies on the ability to forecast reservoir inflows under influences of global climate change and inflow uncertainty. This research project aims to develop a forecasting scheme for reservoir inflows and assess the value of forecast information in supporting medium to long term planning of water supply systems. Research Sponsor: Victoria University Post Doctoral project Investigators: Dung Tran (RMIT), Chris Perera, Nitin Muttil (Victoria University)

CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT OF REALM WATER SUPPLY PLANNING SOFTWARE TOOL – A COLLABORATIVE PROJECT WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT, VICTORIA Project Description: Significant effort was and is being spent on developing the REALM water supply simulation software, and enhancing the package to suit user needs. REALM simulates the harvesting and bulk distribution of water resources within a water supply system, and models the water storage behaviour due to various ‘what if’ scenarios such as increasing environmental flows. Network linear programming is used to allocate water within the supply systems. REALM has been adopted as the modelling standard for water supply planning and management in Victoria, and is extensively used also in Western Australia and South Australia, and to a lesser extent other states of Australia. REALM software and the three user manuals are available free of charge from the website http://www.depi.vic.gov.au/water/water-resource-reporting/surface-water-modelling/resource-allocation-model-realm. REALM workshops are conducted at Victoria University at least once a year, and support is provided by Victoria University. Research Sponsor: Department of Environment and Primary Industries(DEPI) Investigators: Chris Perera (Victoria University

ESTIMATION OF WATER END USE BREAKDOWN IN THE EDUCATIONAL SECTORS Project Description: Current end use model used to predict water demand by water authorities in Melbourne only consider residential sector in detail. Whilst non-residential sector contribute a significant demand in the total water usage, no work has been done to provide a detailed breakdown of water end uses in this sector. Therefore, the aim of this project is to undertake a detailed analysis in collaboration with Yarra Valley Water to determine the breakdown of end uses in educational institutes, which is one of the more tractable sectors. The outcome of the project will provide water authorities a practical output and a starting point in modelling demand in non-residential sector. Research Sponsors: Victoria University Central Research Grants Scheme (CRGS) Investigators: Anne Ng, Shobha Muthukumaran (Victoria University), K Gan (Yarra Valley Water)


EXPLORATION OF ECONOMIC BENEFITS IN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE PRACTICES Project Description: Many studies have focused on exploring various green infrastructure (GI) practices (e.g. Permeable pavement) to manage stormwater quantity and quality. In order to provide a holistic assessment on any application of GI practices, economic benefits need to be considered. Such benefits include water, energy, air quality, climate change, urban heat island, and community liveability, which include aesthetics, recreation, reduced noise pollution and community cohesion. The aim of the study is to quantify economic benefits in monetary value of various GI applications. A case study will be undertaken in collaboration with City West Water to quantify economic value due to various GI practices in the Western growth corridor of Melbourne. Research Sponsors: Victoria University Central Research Grants Scheme (VUCRGS Investigators: Anne Ng, Roger Jones (Victoria University), Clare Lombardi (City West Water) INVESTIGATION OF NON-STATIONARITY OF EXTREME RAINFALLS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE Project Description: Validity of rainfall intensity-frequency-duration (IFD) curves, which are used for planning and design of the water infrastructure projects, and flood mitigation works, are currently being questioned about their main assumption of climate stationarity, due to the recent frequent floods and droughts. This project aims to investigate the non-stationary character (trends) of extreme rainfalls and develop accurate IFD curves by considering extreme rainfall trends under the effects of climate change. These new IFD curves will provide accurate design rainfall estimates yielding safer, more efficient and economic project design. Research Sponsor: Victoria University Research Development Grants Scheme (VURDGS) Investigators: Abdullah Yilmaz (Victoria University)

EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL STORMWATER HARVESTING OPPORTUNITIES AND SITES IN AN URBAN DEVELOPMENT Project Description: The recent drought in Australia, together with concerns about climate change and growing urban demand for water have highlighted the need for managing water resources in a more sustainable way. Stormwater harvesting is now seen as a publicly preferred and fit for use alternative water resource. This research project was aimed at developing a comprehensive methodology for evaluating stormwater harvesting sites in an urban area. A Geographical Information System (GIS) screening tool that was developed as a part of this project will assist the decision makers in identifying the suitable locations for stormwater harvesting based on physical criteria. The stormwater harvesting schemes at these potential locations were evaluated against social, environmental and financial objectives to determine the most feasible stormwater harvesting schemes. This assessment was done using Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using stakeholder preferences. The project was conducted by the PhD student Prasad Inamdar and was financially supported by CSIRO. Prasad will graduate in October 2014. Research Sponsor: CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country Investigators: Prasad Inamdar (PhD student), Chris Perera (Victoria University), Ashok Sharma, Stewart Burn (CSIRO)

USE OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR GENERATION OF STREAMFLOW IN DATA-POOR REGIONS Project Description: Ground networks of hydrological measuring stations are often sparse. The quality of data collected is also often poor and access to available data may be limited due to institutional and political barriers. This results in lack of streamflow time series data, which are essential for water resources assessment, estimating environmental flows and availability of water for agriculture, and various other types of water resources and hydrological analyses. Nilantha Gamage is working on this project for his PhD. Case studies are on the Thomson catchment in Victoria and the Blue Nile catchment in Africa. He is expected to finish his PhD by December of 2013. Research Sponsors: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Victoria University PhD project Investigators: Nilantha Gamage (PhD student), Chris Perera (Victoria University), Vladmir Smakhtin (International Water Management Institute)


EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON STORM INTENSITY, FREQUENCY AND DURATION Project Description: Climate change is expected to have important impacts on hydrologic cycle and structures such as dams, culverts, roads, bridges and stormwater drainage systems. The evaluation of adequacy of these structures requires the Intensity-Frequency-Duration (IFD) curves of storms. However, the currently available IFD information does not consider the likely effects of climate change. This study will develop and demonstrate methods to construct storm IFD relationships that consider the likely effects of climate change produced by different General Circulation Models (GCMs). The project first will develop a statistical downscaling model to generate monthly rainfall data using GCM outputs up to year 2100. The temporal disaggregation models will then be developed to disaggregate monthly rainfalls to daily rainfalls, and daily rainfalls to sub-daily rainfalls up to 6 minutes. Finally, through frequency analysis, the storm IFD curves will be constructed which accounts for likely climate change. The method will be demonstrated using the rainfall gauging station that represents Melbourne. The work on the project is being carried by Dr. Abdullah Yilmaz. Research Sponsor: Victoria University PhD project Investigators: Chris Perera, Abdullah Yilmaz (Victoria University)

BROOKLYN INDUSTRIAL PARK Project Description: The Brooklyn industrial Park emits nuisance dust on windy days that affects the health and welfare of people in the surrounding suburbs. An integrated water management approach will be investigated to reduce dust emissions and thereby improve the health of surrounding communities. An economic assessment of possible solutions, as well as an understanding of the social issues concerned with finding a solution will be addressed. A visioning workshop is coming up in early March to present an understanding of the current issues and its effects, and to develop a vision for the future. Research Sponsor: Office for Living Victoria Investigators: Stephen Gray, Daniel Ooi, Roger Jones

MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMISATION OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS: A SHARED VISION - PHD PROJECT Project Description: Water resource management involves the planning and operation of water resources systems for the benefit of all users. Simulation modelling has proven to be an effective analytical tool but has lacked the efficient search technique that is offered by optimisation, particularly for multi-dimensional problems. Moreover the need to identify a suite of (trade-off) optimal operating strategies is further challenged when dealing with problems represented using three or more objectives; the so-called ‘many-objective' optimisation problems. Visualisation of optimal solutions for such problems has always been a daunting task since the conception of multi-objective optimisation. This project aims to develop a multi-objective optimisation procedure that provides an effective visualisation of optimal solutions for many-objective problems related to complex water resources systems. The procedure will be developed for the Wimmera-Mallee Water Supply System which has recently undergone major infrastructure and water allocation changes. New operating rules are required to account for the needs of various users and complex operating rules considering climate change effects. This procedure will provide decision makers with a practical tool to enable the development of optimal operating plans for water resources systems in Australia and internationally . Research Sponsors: Australia Research Council (ARC), Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water (GWM Water) Investigators: Walter Godoy (PhD student), Chris Perera (Victoria University)


DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) FOR MANAGEMENT OF URBAN STORMWATER DRAINAGE NETWORK Project Description: Most urban drainage infrastructure in Australia was built during the period from 1940 to 1970. They have been designed to carry runoff from catchments with low density residential or commercial areas, prevailing at the time. With rapid development and urbanisation during the last 5 decades, the catchment characteristics have changed drastically, especially the increase in impervious areas which has resulted in increased runoff from the catchments. In addition, the pipes have deteriorated both structurally and hydraulically. One major issue facing local government councils today is how to identify the upgrade needs of the network to meet the current service levels expected by the residents and to prioritise them to match the limited funds available. This research project aims to develop a DSS for the management of urban stormwater drainage networks incorporating infrastructure maintenance, rehabilitation and upgrade needs as identified by stormwater pipe deterioration models, hydrological and hydraulic models, economic factors, social and legal aspects, and the effect of urbanisation. The work is conducted by Sena Abeykoon as a PhD project. Research Sponsor: Victoria University PhD project Investigators: Sena Abeykoon (PhD student), Chris Perera (Victoria University) OPTIMIZATION OF GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE PRACTICES FOR INDUSTRIAL ZONES (PHD PROJECT) Project Description: Industrial sector in Australia plays a major role in our economy. Several industrial zones are located within urban areas due to the easy acquisition of materials and human resources. From the number of environmental impacts occurred in industrial zones, contamination of water resources from stormwater and air pollution are identified as severe problems which most of the industrial zones face in common. Lack of measures for the proper management of stormwater and air quality within these areas can affect workers, surrounding communities and the eco systems in long term. Optimum implementation of Green Infrastructure (GI) practices can successfully address these problems by reducing the stormwater quantity, improving the stormwater quality and improving the air quality. Though there are several studies have been done on the application of GI practices by considering their stormwater management aspect for residential commercial and open spaced areas, limited studies were found on the optimization of these practices for industrial zones. Therefore, this research aims on developing a decision making framework which can be applied in screening for the best possible GI practices from the range of strategies available, in order to obtain the optimum stormwater management and air quality improvement for an industrial site.

Investigators: Varuni Jayasooriya, Anne Ng, Shobha Muthukumaran, Chris Perera (Victoria University) NON-RESIDENTIAL URBAN WATER DEMAND FORECASTING FOR WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Project Description: Water demand modelling plays a key role in urban water resource planning and management, e.g., water and wastewater facility scheduling and planning, water conservation program evaluation, and water pricing policy assessment. There are several urban water demand forecasting models available in the world. Most of these models forecast total urban water demand with more emphasis on residential water demand. Urban water demand consists of both residential and non-residential water demand, and a significant portion of water usages is non-residential (e.g., around 30% of total water demand in Melbourne). However, there is not much attention given to forecasting non-residential demand. The proposed project aims to develop forecasting model for non-residential water demand for use in short term planning (1 to 5 year time scale) of urban water resource systems. This will be achieved in this study by disaggregating non-residential water demand into seasonal and non-seasonal water demand, and further disaggregating seasonal demand into climate dependent and independent demand. Furthermore, it is proposed to use the above disaggregation approach at the finest spatial cluster as possible (e.g. local government council level or land use polygon level). All developed models will be implemented in a GIS based user interface. The application of this project will be tested over the Yarra Valley Water (YVW) service area as case study. Research Sponsors: Victoria University PhD project, Yarra Valley Water Investigators: Suchana Barua (PhD student), Anne Ng (Victoria University), Shobha Muthukumaran (Victoria University), Chris Perera (Victoria University), Peter Roberts (Yarra Valley Water)


OPTIMAL STRATEGIES FOR MINIMISING IMPACTS OF SEWER OVERFLOWS Project Description: This research focuses on the investigation of adverse effects of climate change on urban water infrastructure, especially the sewer network. Rainfall trends indicate that the extreme events are becoming more intense in Melbourne in recent few years. Excess rainfall causes an increase in rainfall derived infiltration and inflow (RDII) into Melbourne’s aging sewer network. As a large amount of storm water is flowing into the sewerage system, sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) are becoming common and it is also common to release diluted sewage into the suburban creeks and waterways to reduce pressure on the overall sewer network after heavy rainfall. These SSOs and sewage spills carry inherent risks to human health as well as lead to environmental pollution. This research aims to propose optimal strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of sewer overflow hazards caused due to future increase in extreme climatic events and increase in urbanization. Different scenarios of extreme climatic events and urbanization will be developed and the proposed comprehensive overflow mitigation strategies will aim to minimize the adverse impacts. For a case study catchment in Melbourne, a sewer model has been developed to analyse the performance of the sewer network during a wet (2010) and a dry year (2008). This firstly involves identifying the RDII hydrograph, which is done using the Sanitary Sewer Overflow Analysis and Planning (SSOAP) toolbox developed by the USEPA. The estimated RDII hydrograph is then used as an input to the developed hydraulic sewer model. Various indicators have been used to assess the performance of the sewer network in terms of SSOs and sewer surcharges. The analysis indicates that for the wet year, 11 manholes had sewer overflows, whereas 53 (out of 57 manholes in the network) had sewer surcharges. In the remaining part of this study conducted by PhD student Tasnim Nasrin, various strategies will be analysed to minimise the existing problems of sewer overflows and surcharges. Investigators: Tasnim Nasrin (PhD student), Nitin Muttil (Victoria University), Dung Tran (RMIT)

QUANTIFICATION OF NON POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN YARRA RIVER CATCHMENT Project Description: Non-Point Source (NPS) pollution can come from many different sources, and is difficult to monitor the exact source and its pollution generation, unlike point source pollution. Agricultural non-point sources of pollution of the Yarra River include pesticides, fertilisers, animal manure and soil washed into streambanks. Recent studies into the agricultural section of the Yarra River have shown that the water quality is good in the upper reaches of the section but steadily declines towards the lower reaches. These studies have shown that the levels of pH, TP, salinity and dissolved oxygen are generally satisfactory throughout the agricultural section; however the levels of TN and turbidity do not comply with the State Environment Protection Policy. The aim of this project is to develop a nonpoint source model which can be integrated into a river water quality model of the Yarra River Basin which will assist in determining the levels of the pollution generated from the agricultural land use, and enable the identification of best management practices (BMPs) that could be implemented to reduce the level of pollution from these areas from entering the river. Research Sponsor: Victoria University PhD project Investigators: Sushil Das (PhD student), Anne Ng, Chris Perera (Victoria University)


SCENARIO ANALYSIS OF SOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO ANALYSE ITS IMPACT ON SEWERAGE NETWORKS Project Description: Prolonged drought which has occurred around the world has caused water shortages, leading many countries to consider more sustainable practices to ensure water availability for the future. Source Management Practices (SMPs) refer to those practices where water supply is sourced locally and wastewater discharges are utilized locally as alternative resources on a fit for purpose basis. Besides the well-known advantages from SMPs, many stakeholders admit that there are some barriers and negative impacts to the adoption of SMPs. Some studies on SMPs have revealed that the SMPs have altered the wastewater characteristics, which in turn is adversely affecting the downstream infrastructure such as sewerage networks.

This study aimed to specifically investigate the impact of SMPs on odour and corrosion problems in sewer networks. The SMPs that are selected for this study are 1) High water demand management, 2) Greywater re-use/recycling, 3) Rainwater harvesting and 4) Sewer mining. The study was conducted by developing various SMP scenarios and modelling the flow and contaminant from their source up to the sewer network for each scenario. The main outcomes from this study were identifying the best SMP out of four selected SMPs in terms of the least chance for it to aggravate corrosion and odour problem in sewer networks.

For the considered case study area (a suburb in Northern Melbourne), it was found that currently each person in the area uses around 97 litres of potable water per day, 30 per cent of the households have rainwater tanks and 3 per cent are reusing their greywater. Hydrogen sulphide levels from the sanitary sewage system today stands at around 5 parts per million and the sewer pipes are estimated to have a life of about 147 years. For the Rainwater Harvesting scenario, if everyone installed rainwater tanks, thereby reducing their use of potable water by 40 per cent, the study found that the slight increase in hydrogen sulphide would knock 6 years off the life of the pipes due to corrosion. On the other hand, if everyone in the study area recycled their greywater, it was found that the hydrogen sulphide would shoot up to 46 parts per million. The extra gas would also cause a major corrosion problem, reducing the pipe life by 77 years. It would also not only result in an unpleasant odour, but would also cause eye, nose and throat irritation, as well as headaches and nausea. The other scenarios had an intermediate effect on odour and corrosion.

The outcomes of this study have also been published in the media, links are as below: http://theconversation.edu.au/whats-that-smell-water-savings-unintended-consequences-11649 http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2012/11/20/3636701.htm

Research Sponsor: CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country

Investigators: Ni Marleni (PhD student), Nitin Muttil, Stephen Gray (Victoria University), Ashok Sharma, Stewart Burn (CSIRO) WATER GRID ISSUES – PHD PROJECT Project Description: Water Grid is an emerging concept in Australian water industry as a potential solution for addressing water scarcity in major cities. In general, a water grid comprises with a network of reversible pipelines to connect major bulk water sources in a region to allow water from areas of water surplus to be moved to areas that face a shortfall. By connecting region’s major water sources, water treatment plants and bulk water transport networks, a grid will enable the co-ordination of delivery of urban and industrial water supplies across a region. In addition, a grid allows risk to be managed at a regional level rather on an individual source basis. Since water grid is an emerging concept, there are many unknowns such as water quality implications of mixing and blending of water sourced from multiple sources within a network; operation of reversible pipelines; energy implications transporting water against gravity and how to minimise energy usage and carbon footprint; optimal movement of water across the region to maximise resource usage while maintaining environmental flows and minimising carbon footprint; possibility of urban/rural water trading and implication of trading on management of water grid, etc. Sea water desalination plants are also elements of a water grid. There are also opportunities for integrating stormwater, rainwater and wastewater recycling into water grids. The primary objective in this study is to develop methods and techniques for determining optimal movement of water across the water grid to maximise resource use while maintaining environmental flows and minimising energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Stephanie Ashbolt, is working on this project as a PhD project

Research Sponsors: CSIRO/ Victoria University PhD project Investigators: Stephanie Ashbolt (PhD student), Chris Perera (Victoria University), Shiroma Maheepala (CSIRO)

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CONSULTANCIES ANALYSIS OF ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADABILITY OF PLASTIC UNDER TEST METHOD Project Description: The aim of this project is to perform analysis of anaerobic biodegradability under test method ASTM D5511-11 of up to 6 duplicate samples including controls (blanks, positive/negative controls) Research Sponsor: Rema Industries & Services Pty Ltd Investigator: Marlene Cran (Victoria University) MEMBRANE AUTOPSY Project Description: The aim of this project is to perform a series of membrane autopsies Research Sponsor: Veolia Water Australia Investigators: Marlene Cran, Stephen Gray (Victoria University)

UPGRADING OF ZIRCON BY CHEMICAL TREATMENT Project Description: Investigation of processing options of a zirconia ore in Brazil Research Sponsor: Mineraco Taboca S.A Investigators: Stephen Gray, Hal Aral (Victoria University) MEMBRANE DISTILLATION TESTWORK ON MINING SOLUTION Project Description This project explores the application of membrane distillation in mining application. Research Sponsor: Direct Nickel Projects Pty Ltd Investigators: Mikel Duke, Nicholas Milne, Xing Yang (Victoria University), Graham Brock (Direct Nickel Projects)

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Professor Mikel Duke talking during the site tour of the CeraMac® site tour at Melbourne Water’s Eastern Treatment Plant (Photo courtesy of PWN Technologies) CeraMac® Ozone/Ceramic Membrane Trial on Secondary Effluent Workshop was held on 5 July 2013 at the Eastern Treatment Plant. This workshop showcased the near completed trial of the PWN Technologies CeraMac® ozone and ceramic membrane process to treat secondary effluent, operating at Eastern Treatment Plant in Melbourne. It included a tour of the CeraMac® plant installed at Eastern Treatment Plant, followed by talks on the process from PWN Technologies and Victoria University and a talk from the Australian Water Recycling Centre of Excellence, highlighting the outcomes for potential use for Australian water recycling. Drs Peter Sanciolo and Nicholas Milne conducted the Silica Removal from Groundwater for Reverse Osmosis Water Recovery Enhancement and Waste Brine Volume Reduction, workshop, 6 February 2013, NCEDA, Rockingham, WA. Dr Marlene Cran conducted the Development of Cleaning Guidelines for Desalination Membrane Users, workshop, 6 February 2013, NCEDA, Rockingham, WA. Dr Srikanth Venkatesan, senior lecturer in Engineering conducted the Australia India Strategic Research Fund (AISRF) workshop, January 2013, India.


INVITED PRESENTATIONS Dr Peter Sanciolo, Silica Removal from Groundwater for RO Water Recovery and Waste Brine Volume Reduction, NCEDA International Workshop, 28-29 November 2013, Melbourne

Professor Stephen Gray made a plenary presentation on “Organic fouling of low pressure membranes” at the 5th IWA specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter, Pan Pacific Hotel, Perth, Western Australia, 1-4 October , 2013. Professor Mikel Duke, Applications of membrane distillation at the Water and wastewater treatment - new technologies seminar, organised by AWA and conducted at VU, 17 September 2013, Melbourne Professors Stephen Gray and Mikel Duke made presentations at Xi’an Jiaotong University, China during July 2013, following the Asian Membrane Society conference in Xi’an, China

Professor Mikel Duke demonstrating water recycling to grade 6 students at Sydenham-Hillside Primary School Professor Mikel Duke visited Sydenham-Hillside Primary School on 16 May to talk to several grade 6 classes on water treatment. The visit was organised by the CSIRO Scientists in Schools program, which aimed to increase interaction of working scientists with school kids to give examples of careers in science and how scientists work to tackle major societal issues. At Sydenham-Hillside Primary School, grade 6 teacher Lynne Comben introduced the students who were learning about water treatment as part of their science program, which featured a research project on an aspect of water (recycling, filtration, irrigation or the water cycle). They were also required to later build a model of their investigation, and gave an oral presentation to their class about their research outcomes and explain their working model. Professor Duke gave a talk to the class on the water cycle, water quality, desalination and recycling followed by a demonstration of membrane filtration.


Professor Stephen Gray, Mr Eddy Ostarcevic and Professor Taki visiting the cherry blossom at Kobe University prior to presenting at the Global Water School at the Membrane and Film Technology Centre, Kobe University, Japan

Professor Stephen Gray, Eddy Ostarcevic, (PhD student with ISI), Water Challenges and Research in Australia, Global Water School, Kobe University, 29 March 2013, Japan.


SEMINARS Sajal Adhikary (Victoria University) Optimal design of rain gauge network to improve streamflow forecasting Jennifer Alziary (Victoria University) Evaluation of MBR performance for removal of pollutants in wastewater Stephanie Ashbolt (Victoria University) A Framework for optimal operation of water grids Prof Stephen Bigger (Victoria University) Development of starch-based antimicrobial packaging films Paul Boon (Victoria University) Everything is recorded but nothing is remembered: the historical ecology of place Shane Cox (Instrument Works Pty Ltd) Wireless probes that connects to smartphones Sushil Kumar Das (Victoria University) Yarra river catchment water quality model using SWAT Noel Dow (Victoria University) Demonstration of the ozone/ceramic membrane hybrid process for treatment of secondary effluent Drikus Du Plooy (Victoria University) Performance of submerged membranes and fixed media in ANAMMOX bioreactors Nilantha Gamage (Victoria University) Use of remote sensing data for estimation of streamflow time series in data scarce catchments Aymen Hallou (Victoria University) Reuse and recycling of used reverse osmosis membranes Prasad Inamdar (Victoria University) Evaluation of potential stormwater harvesting opportunities in an urban development Varuni Jayasooriya (Victoria University) Decision support system for the optimization of green infrastructure practices for stormwater management Uchenna K Kesieme (Victoria University) Recovery of water and acid from leach solutions using direct contact membrane distillation

Dr Daniel Lai (Victoria University) Towards new wearable technologies for Body Area Networks Dr Shobha Muthukumaran (Victoria University) Ceramic Membranes – An emerging reuse technology Darli Myat (Victoria University) Investigation of RO fouling by organics from ozone/ceramic membrane pre-treatment Tasnim Nasrin (Victoria University) Optimal strategies for minimising impacts of sewer overflows Marziyeh Nazari (Victoria University) Development of a fibre optic sensor for selective sensing of pollutants in water Chathuri Piyadasa (Victoria University) Evaluation of electromagnetic field (EMF) technology as an anti-biofouling pre-treatment for reverse osmosis membranes Julia Roehr (Victoria University) The Ozone/Ceramic membrane hybrid process as opportunity for recycling of secondary effluent Dr Peter Sanciolo (Victoria University) Seeded precipitation of scale precursor Ions from municipal wastewater Aaron Scard (Victoria University) Design and concepts of the Isolated Pigment Analyser Scott Smith (Southern Cross University) Sustaining the life of our build environment Lili Song (Victoria University) Synergy of combining ceramic membrane with photocatalysis treatment for dissolved organic matter removal Dr Matthew Stewart (Victoria University) Molecular dynamics investigations of NOM: interactions between proteins and polysaccharides Dr Bo Zhu (Victoria University) Desalination of class A water with a novel zeolite membrane


OVERSEAS STUDENT VISITS

Jennifer Alziary Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Montpellier University, France

Jesus Villalobos Garcia Universite Paul Sabatier, France

Aymen Hallou Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Montpellier University, France

Maud Merlini Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Montpellier University, France


CONFERENCE/WORKSHOP ATTENDANCE Adhikary S.K., Das S.K., Chaki T. Rahman M. (2013) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Adhikary S.K., Das S.K., Saha G.C., Chaki T., (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Adhikary S.K., Das S.K., Islam M.A., Hossain Q.S. (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Barua S., Ng A.W.M., Muthukumaran S., Huang F., Roberts P., Perera B.J.C., MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Das S., Ng A.W.M., Perera B.J.C., Adhikary S., MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Das S., Ng A.W.M.,Perera B.J.C., MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Dumée L., Lin B., Lemoine J-B, He L., She F., Velleman L., Duke M., Hodgson P., Gray S., Kong L, . International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA) Duke M., Unconventional Gas: Thought Leadership Series’ workshop, Melbourne, 20 June. Duke M., Milne N., Zhu B., 5th International Symposium on Inorganic Membranes, Nanjing University of Technology, China, July 20-22, 2013 Gray S., Duke M., Zhu B., Cran M., Sanciolo P. Asia Pacific Water Recycling and Membranes & Desalination conference, Brisbane, July 1-4 2013. Gray S., Orbell J., Duke M., Milne N., Zhu B., Zhang J., Reis R., The eighth conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society, AMS 8, Xi’an, China, July 16-19, 2013 Gray S., Duke M., AWA evening seminar on Water and wastewater treatment - new technologies, September 17 2013, Victoria University, Flinders St, Melbourne Gray S., Assoc. Duke M., ‘Sensors workshop’ organised by Water Services Association of Australia, 24-25 October 2013, Melbourne Gray S., Duke M., Sanciolo P., NCEDA International Workshop, Melbourne 28-29 November 2013 Hausmann A., Sanciolo P., Vasiljevic T., Weeks M., Schroën K., Gray S., Duke M., International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA) Jayasooriya V.M., Ng, A.W.M., MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Kesieme U. (PhD student), IWA Membrane Technology Conference (IWA-MTC 2013) -25 - 29 August, 2013 Toronto, Canada Low Z.X., Razmjou A., Wang K., Gray S., Wang H., International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA)

Marleni N., Gray S., Sharma A., Burn S., Muttil N. (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013


Millikan M., Spectroscopy conference, Congress Centre, La Grande Motte, Montpellier France, June 2-7, 2013

Molavi S., Tran H.D., Muttil N. (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Myat D., NOM5 Down Under – 5th IWA Specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter Research, 1-4 October, Perth, Australia.

Nasrin T., Tran H.D., Muttil N., (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013 Ostarcevic E.R., Cran M.J.,Gray S.R., International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA)

Stewart M., NOM5 Down Under – 5th IWA Specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter Research, 1-4 October, Perth, Australia. Stewart M., RACI PhysChem 2013 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania Simon A., Price W.E., Gray S., Duke M., Nghiem L.D., International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA) Sivapragasam C., Balamurli S., Deepak M., Prakhar A., Muttil N. (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013,

Yilmaz A.G., Perera B.J.C., (2013). MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013

Zhang J., Muthukumaran S., Scales P., Packer M., Northcot K., Hillis P., Duke M., Gray S., International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA)


PUBLICATIONS BOOK King T., Ooi D., Cary J., Fisher A., Schibeci R., Murphy K., O'Toole K., Mearns M., Donaldson J.A. Public Perceptions of, and Responses to, Desalination in Australia: A Report on Findings. Working Paper No. 39, Alfred Deakin Research Institute. 141 pages. Publisher: Alfred Deakin Research Institute. ISBN: 978-1-921745-38-6

HERDC RECOGNISED BOOK CHAPTERS Deeth, H. C., N Datta and C Versteeg (2013) Nonthermal Technologies in Dairy Processing. in Advances in Dairy Ingredients. Ed(s). Georffrey W. Smithers, Mary Ann Augustin. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, United Kingdom. 161-215. Duke M., Semiat R., Zhao D., Target areas for nanotechnology development for water treatment and desalination, Functional Nanostructured Materials and Membranes for Water Treatment, Edited by Mikel Duke, Dongyuan Zhao and Raphael Semiat, Wiley-VCH, ISBN: 978-3-527-32987-8,C1 pp1-6 Duke M., Conclusions: Some Potential Future Nanotechnologies for Water Treatment, Membrane Functional Nanostructured Materials and Membranes for Water Treatment, Edited by Mikel Duke, Dongyuan Zhao and Raphael Semiat, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co, ISBN: 978-3-527-32987-8,C1 pp301-313 Muthukumaran S., Subramaniam C., Baskaran K. (2013) Reduction of sodium strengths in wastewater streams from food and beverage industries, Solutions to Environmental Challenges through Innovations in Research, Asiatech Publishers, Inc, New Delhi, India. ISBN 81-87680-31-8, Chapter 13, p 271-291 Pandey S.R., Jegatheesan V., Baskaran K., Muthukumaran S. (2013), Pre-treatment technologies for reverse osmosis (RO) during water recovery, Solutions to Environmental Challenges through Innovations in Research, Asiatech Publishers, Inc, New Delhi, India. ISBN 81-87680-31-8, Chapter 13, p 143-194, 2013 Ridgeway H.F., Gale J. D., Hughes Z. E., Stewart M. B., Orbell J. D., Gray S. R., Molecular scale modelling of membrane water treatment processes, Functional nanostructured materials and membranes for water treatment, Ed. Mikel Duke, Dongyuan Zhao, Raphael Semiat, Wiley-VCH, 2013, ISBN: 978-3-527-32987-8, C10 pp249-292 Wahab,Y, N Bakar, A Zayegh and R Begg (2013) A wireless real time in-shoe smart sensor system for sports, rehabilitation and fall prevention. in Integrated Electronics: Design and Systems. Ed(s). Shahimin, M and Othman, N. Unit Penerbitan Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia. 119-135 Zhu B., Li B., Zou L., Hill A.J., Zhao D., Lin J.Y.S., and Duke, M., Functional zeolitic framework membranes for water treatment and desalination, Functional Nanostructured Materials and Membranes for Water Treatment, Edited by Mikel Duke, Dongyuan Zhao and Raphael Semiat, WILEY-VCH. ISBN: 978-3-527-32987-8, C9 pp 217-247 OTHERS Boon P.I. (2013). Hydrology of urban freshwater wetlands. In Workbook for managing urban wetlands in Australia. Edited by Paul S. Sydney Olympic Park Authority, Sydney. Available on-line at http://www.sopa.nsw.gov.au/resource_centre/wet_ebook_workbook_for_managing_urban_wetlands_in_australia. Published 26 November 2013 Boon P.I., Pollard P.C.,Ryder D., (In Press). Wetland biogeochemistry and microbial ecology. 2013). In The ecology of freshwater and estuarine wetlands. 2nd Edition, Edited by Batzer DP & Sharitz RR. University of California Press, Berkeley Hausmann A., Duke M.C.,Demmer T. (2013). Principals of Membrane Filtration, Membrane Processing: Dairy and Beverage Applications, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN: 978-1-4443-3337-4, C2 pp17-51 Milne N.A., Gray S.R., General Application for the Treatment of Effluent and Reuse of Wastewater, Membrane Processing: Dairy and Beverage Applications, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN: 978-1-4443-3337-4, C5 pp107-127


HERDC RECOGNISED JOURNALS Agana B.A., Reeve D., Orbell J.D., Industrial water reclamation using low-pressure polymeric membranes – case studies involving a car manufacturer and a beverage producer. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination Vol 3 No 4 pp 357–372 © IWA Publishing 2013 doi:10.2166/wrd.2013.004 Ahmed, S. and M Faulkner (2013) Mitigation of reverse intermodulation products at colocated base stations. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. 60 (6): 1608-1620 Alsaadi A.S., Ghaffour N., Li J-D, Gray S., Francis L., Maab H., Amy G.L., Modelling air-gap membrane distillation process: A theoretical and experimental study, Journal of Membrane Science, 445 (2013) 53-65 Aprianita, A. , T Vasiljevic, A Bannikova and S Kasapis (2013) Physicochemical properties of flours and starches derived from traditional Indonesian tubers and roots. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 1-11 Astell K. J., Mathai M.L, Su X.Q. A Review on Botanical Species and Chemical Compounds with Appetite Suppressing Properties for Body Weight Control, Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, Vol 68, 1-96 (2013) DOI 10.1007/s11130-013-0361-1 ISSN 0921-9668 Astell, K. J., M L Mathai and X Q Su (2013) Plant extracts with appetite suppressing properties for body weight control: A systematic review of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 21 (4): 407-416 Astell K.J., Mathai M.L., McAinch A.J, Stathis C.G., Su X,Q., A Pilot study investigating the effect of Carulluma fimbriata extract on the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled clinical trial, Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2013) 21, 180-189 Barker F.S., Packer M., Scales P.J., Gray S., Snape I., Hamilton A.J., Pathogen reduction requirements for direct potable reuse in Antarctica: Evaluating human health risks in small communities. Science of the Total Environment, 461-462 (2013) 723-733 Bigger S.W., Thanthirige K.M., Ngeh L.N., Dann P., Orbell J.D., Mathematical Model for the Sequential Pick-Up of Chemical Contaminants by Magnetic Particles, 2013, J. Environ. Eng., 139, 796-802 Camacho, L.M., Dumée L., Zhang J., Li J.-D., Duke M., Gomez J., Gray S. Advances in membrane distillation for water desalination and purification applications, Water, 5 (2013) 94-196 Dianawait , D., V Mishra and N P Shah (2013) Effect of drying methods of microencapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris on secondary protein structure and glass transition temperature as studied by Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry. Journal of Dairy Science. 96 (3): 1419-1430 Dissanayake, M., L Ramchandran and T Vasiljevic (2013) Influence of pH and protein concentration on rheological properties of whey protein dispersions. International Food Research Journal. 20 (5): 2167-2171 Dissanayake, M. , L Ramchandran, O N Donkor and T Vasiljevic (2013) Denaturation of whey proteins as a function of heat, pH and protein concentration. International Dairy Journal. 31 (2): 93-99 Dow, N. D. Murphy, J Clement and M Duke (2013) Outcomes of the Australian ozone/ceramic membrane trial on secondary effluent: Performance results from a trial using ozone combined with ceramic membranes to treat secondary effluent at Eastern Treatment Plant in Melbourne. Water. 40 (6): 45-51 Dumée L., Sears K., Schütz J., Finn N., Duke M., Gray S., Influence of the sonication temperature on the debundling kinetics of carbon nanotubes in propan-2-ol. Nanomaterials, 3 (2013) 70-85 Dumée L.F., Sears K., Schütz J.A., Finn N., Duke M., Mudie S., Kirby N., Gray S. (2013), Small angle X-ray scattering of carbon nanotube forests densified into long range patterns by controlled solvent evaporation, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol 407 pp: 556-560 Dumée L., Gray S., Duke M., Sears K., Schutz J., Finn N., The role of membrane surface energy on direct contact membrane distillation performance. Desalination 323 (2013) 22-30


Dumée L., L. He, M. Hill, B. Zhu, M. Duke, J. Schutz, F. She, H. Wang, S. Gray, P. Hodgson, and L. Kong, (2013) Seeded growth of ZIF-8 on the surface of carbon nanotubes towards self-supporting gas separation membranes. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 1(32): p. 9208-9214. Dumée L., Sears K., Mudie S., Kirby N., Skourtis C., McDonnell J., Lucas S Schütz J., Finn N., Huynh C., Hawkins S., Kong L., Hodgson P., Duke M., Gray S. (2013) Characterization of carbon nanotube webs and yarns with small angle X-ray scattering: Revealing the yarn twist and inter-nanotube interactions and alignment, Carbon, Vol 63, pp 562-566 Dumée L.F., He L., Ailloux F-M., Lemoine J-B., Velleman L., She F., Duke M.C., Orbell J.D., Erskine G., Hodgson P.D., Gray S., Kong L., The fabrication and surface functionalization of porous metal frameworks – a review. J. Mater. Chem. A, 1(48) (2013) 15185-15206 Dumée, L., J Lee, K Sears, B Tardy, M Duke and S Gray (2013) Fabrication of thin film composite poly(amide)-carbon-nanotube supported membranes for enhanced performance in osmotically driven desalination systems. Journal of Membrane Science. 427: 422-430 Edwards, C and W Karnilowicz (2013) An ecological perspective: Therapist practices with children who experience abuse and trauma. Australian Psychologist. 48 (5): 321-328 Guay, P.-J., Mcleod E.M., Cross R., Formby A.J., Maldonado S.P., Stafford-Bell R.E., St-James-Turner Z.N., Robinson R.W., Mulder R.A., Weston M.A., 2013. Observer effects occur when estimating alert but not flight-initiation distances. Wildlife Research 40: 289-293 Guay, P.-J., R. Lorenz D.A., Robinson R.W., Symonds M.R.E., Weston M.A. 2013. Distance from water, sex and approach direction influence flight distances among habituated Black Swans. Ethology 119: 552-558 Hausmann A., Sanciolo P., Vasiljevic T., Weeks M., Schroën K., Gray S., Duke M., Fouling mechanism of dairy streams during membrane distillation. Journal of Membrane Science, 441 (2013) 102-111 Hausmann A., Sanciolo P., Vasiljevic T., Weeks M., Schroën K., Gray S., Duke M., Fouling of dairy components on hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes for membrane distillation. Journal of Membrane Science, 442 (2013) 149-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.03.057 Hausmann, A. , P Sanciolo, T Vasiljevic, U Kulozik and M Duke (2013) Performance assessment of membrane distillation for skim milk and whey processing. Journal of Dairy Science. 97 (1): 56-71. He, J., Y Zhang, G Huang and P De Souza (2013) CIRCE: Correcting Imprecise Readings and Compressing Excrescent points for querying common patterns in uncertain sensor streams. Information Systems. 38 (8): 1234-1251 Inamdar, P.M., Cook, S., Sharma, A., Corby, N., O’Connor, J. and Perera, B.J.C. (2013), A GIS based Screening Tool for Locating and Ranking of Suitable Stormwater Harvesting Sites in Urban Areas. Journal of Environmental Management, , Vol. 128, pp. 363-370 Kesieme U.K., Milne N., Aral H., Cheng C.Y., Duke M. (2013), Economic analysis of desalination technologies in the context of carbon pricing, and opportunities for membrane distillation, Desalination Vol 323, p: 66-74, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2013.03.033 Kesieme U.K., Aral H., Duke M., Milne N., Cheng C.Y. (2013), Recovery of sulphuric acid from waste and process solutions using solvent extraction, Hydrometallurgy, 138(0): p. 14-20 Kouskousis, B.P., D J Kitcher, S F Collins and G W Baxter (2013) Numerical investigation on the effects of fabrication conditions on fiber Bragg grating spectra using the phase mask technique. Applied Optics. 52 (14): 3338-3344 Krishnan, K.J, A Kalam and A Zayegh (2013) H2 optimization and fuel cells application on electrical distribution system and its commercial viability in Australia. Heat Transfer Engineering. Online Kuorwel, K. K., M J Cran, K Sonneveld, J Miltz and S W Bigger (2013) Water sorption and physicomechanical properties of corn starch-based films. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 128 (1): 530-536 Kuorwel, K., Marlene Cran, K Sonneveld, J Miltz and Stephen Bigger (2013) Physico-Mechanical Properties of Starch-Based Films Containing Naturally Derived Antimicrobial Agents. Packaging Technology and Science. 1-11


Lawler W., Antony A., Cran M., Duke M., Leslie G., Le-Clech P. (2013), Production and characterisation of UF membranes by chemical conversion of used RO membranes, Journal of Membrane Science, Vol 447, 203-211 Li B., Sun B., Qian X., Li W., Wu Z., Sun Z., Qiao M., Duke M., Zhao D., In-Situ Crystallization Route to Nanorod-Aggregated Functional ZSM-5 Microspheres, Journal of the American Chemical Society (2013), 135, 1181-1184 (A*) Lin, Y., and M C Duke (2013) Recent progress in polycrystalline zeolite membrane research. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering. 2 (2): 209-216 Liyanaarachchi S., Jegatheesan V., Shu L, Muthukumaran S., Baskaran K., A preliminary study on the volume reduction of pre-treatment sludge in seawater desalination by forward osmosis, Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013, 52 (4-6). pp. 556-563. ISSN 1944-3994 Liyanaarachchi S., Jegatheesan V., Shu L., Muthukumaran S., Baskaran K., Problems in seawater industrial desalination processes and potential sustainable solutions: a review, Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 2013, http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&id=doi:10.1007/s11157-013-9326-y Mcleod, E. M., Guay P.-J, Taysom A.J., Robinson R.W., Weston M.A. 2013., Buses, cars, bicycles and walkers; the influence of the type of human transport on the flight responses of waterbirds. PLoS ONE 8: e82008 Mitra, R. , A F Barton, S Briggs and J D Orbell (2013) Identification of five bryozoan species in the Northern Mallee Pipeline, Australia. New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 40 (2): 81-92 Moin A., S K, A Iqbal, H Abu-Rub, M Saleh and A Kalam (2013) Vector control of a five-phase induction motor supplied by a non-square 3. Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. 10 (1): 55-64 Mossad, R. and H Aral (2013) Numerical prediction of the performance of horizontal sand filters as the pitch of the spiral protrusion changes. Water Science and Technology. 67 (10): 2249-2256 Mustafa, A. K., S Ahmed and M Faulkner (2013) Bandwidth limitation for the constant envelope components of an OFDM signal in a LINC architecture. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. 60 (9): 2502-2510 Muthukumaran, S., and K Baskaran (2013) Comparison of the performance of ceramic microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes in the reclamation and reuse of secondary wastewater. Desalination and Water Treatment. 52: 680-677 Muthukumaran S., Jegatheesan V., Baskaran K., Investigation of fouling in low-pressure membrane (MF/UF) filtration of secondary effluent, Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013, 52 (4-6). pp. 650-662. ISSN 1944-3994 Muthukumaran S., Baskaran K., Organic and nutrient reduction in a fish processing facility – A case study, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2013, 85. pp. 563-570. ISSN 0964-8305 Myat, D., M Stewart, M Mergen, O Zhao, J Orbell and S Gray (2013) Experimental and computational investigations of the interactions between model organic compounds and subsequent membrane fouling. Water Research. 48 (1): 108-118 Myat D.T., Mergen M., Zhao O., Stewart M.B., Orbell J.D., Merle T., Croué J-P., Gray S., Effect of IX dosing on polypropylene and PVDF membrane fouling control. Water Research, 47 (2013) 3827-3834 Navaratna, D., L Shu and V Jegatheesan (2013) Performance of a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor consisting mixed liquor with aquatic worms under toxic conditions. Bioresource Technology. 155: 41-49 Nelson, K., L Stojanovska, T Vasiljevic and M Mathai (2013) Germinated grains: A superior whole grain functional food? Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 91 (6): 429-441 Nemazammolova, N. , K Antonas and C R Dass (2013) Vitamin D: Metabolism, molecular mechanisms, and mutations to malignancies. Molecular Carcinogenesis. 1-11 Ngo, T , S Fragomeni, P Mendis and B Ta (2013) Testing of normal-and high-strength concrete walls subjected to both standard and hydrocarbon fires. ACI Structural Journal. 110 (3): 503-510


Nguyen, H. , F Sidiroglou , S F Collins, T J Davis, A Robert and G W Baxter (2013) A localized surface plasmon resonance-based optical fiber sensor with sub-wavelength apertures. Applied Physics Letters. 103 (19) Pandey S.R., Jegatheesan V., Baskaran K., Shu L., Muthukumaran S., Performance of RO for water recovery from permeates of Membrane bio-reactor (MBR), Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013, 52:4-6, 600-611. ISSN 1944-3994 Ranjith, S., S Setunge, R Gravina and S Venkatesan (2013) Deterioration prediction of timber bridge elements using the Markov chain. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities. 27 (3): 319-325 Rouillard, V. (2013) Quantifying the Non-stationarity of Vehicle Vibrations with the Run Test. Packaging Technology and Science. 27 (3): 203-219 Sachindra, D.A., F. Huang, A.F. Barton, and B.J.C. Perera (2013), Multi-model ensemble approach for statistically downscaling general circulation model outputs to precipitation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society . 1-18 Sachindra, D.A., F. Huang, A.F. Barton, and B.J.C. Perera (2013), Statistical Downscaling of General Circulation Model Outputs to Catchment Scale Hydroclimatic Variables Issues, Challenges and Possible Solutions. Journal of Water and Climate Sivapragasam, C., S Vanitha, N Muttil, K Suganya, S Suji, Selvi M Thamarai, R Selvi and Sudha S Jeya (2013) Monthly flow forecast for Mississippi River basin using artificial neural networks. Neural Computing and Applications. 1-9 Stewart, M, S Gray, T Vasiljevic and J Orbell (2013) Exploring the molecular basis for the metal-mediated assembly of alginate gels. Carbohydrate Polymers. 102 (1): 246-253 Stockham, K., A. Sheard, R Paimin, S Buddhadasa, S Duong, J D Orbell and T Murdoch (2013) Comparative studies on the antioxidant properties and polyphenolic content of wine from different growing regions and vintages, a pilot study to investigate chemical markers for climate change. Food Chemistry. 140 (3): 500-506 Su, X., L Wu and P Shi (2013) Sensor networks with random link failures: Distributed filtering for T-S fuzzy systems. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. 9 (3): 1739-1750. Su, X., P Shi, L Wu and S K Nguang (2013) Induced ?2 filtering of fuzzy stochastic systems with time-varying delays. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. 43 (4): 1257-1264 Su, X., P Shi, L Wu and Y-D Song* (2013) A novel control design on discrete-time takagi-sugeno fuzzy systems with time-varying delays. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems. 21 (4): 655-671 Su, X., X Yang, P Shi and L Wu (2013) Fuzzy control of nonlinear electromagnetic suspension systems. Mechatronics. 1-8 Uddin, M. N., R W Robinson and D Caridi (2013) Phytotoxicity induced by Phragmites australis: an assessment of phenotypic and physiological parameters involved in germination process and growth of receptor plant. Journal of Plant Interactions. 1-16 Uddin, N., R Robinson, D Caridi and A Harun (2013) Is phytotoxicity of Phragmites australis residue influenced by decomposition condition, time and density. Marine and Freshwater Research. 1-12 Ustun, T S, A Zayegh and C Ozansoy (2013) Electric vehicle potential in Australia: Its impact on smartgrids. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 7 (4): 15-25 Ustun, T S, C Ozansoy and A Zayegh (2013) Fault current coefficient and time delay assignment for microgrid protection system with central protection unit. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. 28 (2): 598-606 Ustun, T S, C R Ozansoy and A Zayegh (2013) Implementing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology with IEC 61850-7-420. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. 4 (2): 1180-1187 Venables, A. , G Tan and I Miliszewska (2013) Developing cross-cultural awareness in IT: Reflections of Australian and Chinese students. Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice. 12: 91-99


Venkatesan, S., and P Gamage (2013) Spectral analysis of seismic waves in the northern Indian Ocean region. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 103 (6): 3305-3320 Zhang J., Li J.-D., Duke M., Hoang M., Xie Z., Groth A., Tun C., Gray S., Modelling vacuum membrane distillation, Journal of Membrane Science, 434 (2013) 1-9 Zhang J., Li J-D., Duke M., Hoang M., Xie Z., Groth A., Tun C., Gray S., Influence of module design and membrane compressibility on VMD performance, Journal of Membrane Science, 442 (2013), 31-38 Zhang J., Gray S, Li J-D, Predicting the influence of operating conditions on DCMD flux and thermal efficiency for incompressible and compressible membrane systems. Desalination 323 (2013) 142-149 Zhou, Q. , P Shi, S Xu and H Li (2013) Observer-based adaptive neural network control for nonlinear stochastic systems with time delay. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. 24 (1): 71-80 Zhou, Q , P Shi, S Xu and H Li (2013) Adaptive output feedback control for nonlinear time-delay systems by fuzzy approximation approach. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems. 21 (2): 301-313 Zhu B., Doherty C.M, Hu X., Hill A. J., Zou L., Lin Y.S., Duke M., Designing hierarchical porous features of ZSM-5 zeolites via Si/Al ratio and their dynamic behavior in seawater ion complexes. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2013, 173: 78-85, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.02.005 Zhu B., Kim J.H., Na Y-H., Moon I-S., Connor G., Maeda S., Morris G., Gray S., Duke M., Temperature and pressure effects of desalination using a MFI-type zeolite membrane , Membranes, 2013, 3, 155-168; doi:10.3390/membranes3030155 OTHERS

Barker S.F., Packer M., Scales P.J., Gray S., Snape I., Hamilton A.J., Do the Australian guidelines for water recycling protect small or remote communities? Water (AWA), 40(1), 2013, 85-87 Ghasemlou M., Aliheidari N., Fahmi R., Shojaee-Aliabadi S., Keshavarz B., Cran, M.J., Khaksar R. (2013), Physical, mechanical and barrier properties of corn starch films incorporated with plant essential oils, Carbohydr Polym, Vol 98, Issue 1, pp: 1117-26

Guay P.-J, Weston M.A, Glover H.K. (2013). Brains and bravery: Little evidence of a relationship between brain size and flightiness in shorebird. Austral Ecology, Vol. 38, pp. 516-522 King, D.M. and Perera, B.J.C. (2013) Morris Method of Sensitivity Analysis Applied to Assess the Importance of Input Variables on Urban Water Supply Yield – A Case Study, Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 477, pp. 17-32 Li M., Zhu W., Gao L., Lu L., Changes in extracellular polysaccharide content and morphology of Microcystis aeruginosa at different specific growth rates, Journal of Applied Phycology, Volume 25, Issue 4, (2013), 1023-1030 Lin Y.S., Duke M.C., Recent advances in polycrystalline zeolite membrane research. Accepted for publication in Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering Mateos H.T., Lewandowski P.L., Su X.Q.,The growth performance of Jade Tiger cultured abalone fed diets supplemented with fish oil and vegetable oil. J Sci Food Agric 2013, 93: 1389-1396 Mateos H.T., Lewandowski P.A., Vaughan V.C., Su X.Q. Health impacts of eicosapentaenoic acid and decosahexaenoic acid. CAB Reviews 2013 8, No. 007. Online: http://www.cabi.org/cabreviews. CAB International 2013 (Online ISSN 1749-8848) Muthukumaran S., Baskaran K., Comparison of ceramic microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane for the reclamations of secondary treated wastewater, Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013, 52 (4-6). pp. 670-677. ISSN 1944-3994. Yilmaz A.G, Imteaz M.A (2013), Climate change and water resources in Turkey: a review, International Journal of Water, Accepted on 21 January 2013, In Press. (still in press)


CONFERENCES HERDC RECOGNISED CONFERENCE PUBLICATIONS Ahmed, S, and M Faulkner (2013) A double loop Jammer Cancellation System for colocated radios. in IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, PIMRC. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 1352-1355 Barua S., Ng A.W.M., Muthukumaran S., Huang, F., Roberts, P., Perera, B.J.C. Modelling water use in schools: a comparative study of quarterly and monthly models In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 3141-3417. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. Barua, S , A Ng, S Muthukumaran, F Huang, P Roberts* and B Perera (2013) Modelling non-residential urban water use in schools in Melbourne. in Proceedings of 2013 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. MSSANZ, Australia. 3141-3147. Das, S , A Ng and B Perera (2013) Use of specific flow regimes in water quality analysis- a case study in the Yarra River catchment, Australia. in Proceedings of 2013 35th IAHR Congress. IAHR, China. 1-10. Das S., Ng A.W.M., Perera B.J.C., Adhikary S., Effects of climate and land use activities on water quality in the Yarra River catchment In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2618-2624. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. Das S., Ng, A.W.M., Perera, B.J.C. Development of a SWAT model in the Yarra River catchment. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2457- 2463 ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. Das S., Ng, A.W.M., Perera, B.J.C. Sensitivity analysis of SWAT model in the Yarra River catchment. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 1666- 1672 ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1 Das, S., A Ng and B Perera (2013) Data Processing for Complex Diffuse Pollution Models. in 16th International Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Eutrophication. International Water Association, China. 1-2. Dow, N, J Roehr, D Murphy, L Solomon, J Mieog, S Gray, N Milne, B Zhu, A Gooding, J Currie, G Roeszler, S Wilson, J Clement and M Duke (2013) Demonstration of the ozone/ ceramic membrane hybrid process for treatment of secondary effluent. in AWA Ozwater13 Conference Proceedings. AWA, Australia. 1-7 Guerrieri, M and S Fragomeni (2013) An experimental investigation into the influence of specimen size, in-situ pore pressures and temperatures on the spalling of difference size concrete panels when exposed to a hydrocarbon fire. in MATEC Web of Conferences Volume 6. edp sciences, France. 1-9. Hassan, W HW, H King, S Ahmed and M Faulkner (2013) Modified Backoff Technique with Transmission Priority Scheme in Fiber-Wireless Networks (Article No 6757760). in Proceedings of IEEE AFRICON Conference 2013. IEEE, United States. 1-4. Islam, S., F I Bakhs, A Iqbal, M Saleh and A Kalam (2013) Stability analysis of a series-connected five-phase induction motor drive system using flux-linkage model. in Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 8th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, ICIEA 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 445-450. Jayasooriya, V and A Ng (2013) Green Infrastructure Modelling software tools for stormwater management. in Proceedings of 2013 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. MSSANZ, Australia. 3155-3161. Jiang, Z., Y Zhang, J He, G Huang and J Yang (2013) Mathematical-morphology-based edge detection of retinal vessels in retinal images. in Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). Springer, Germany. 265-268.


Kesieme U.K., Duke M., Milne N., Aral H., Cheng C.Y., Application of membrane distillation and solvent extraction for water and acid recovery from waste solutions, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Mine Water Solutions in Extreme Environments in Lima, Peru 2013 Kibret, B., M Seyedi, D TH Lai and M Faulkner (2013) The effect of tissues in galvanic coupling Intrabody Communication. in Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 8th International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing: Sensing the Future, ISSNIP 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New Jersey, USA. 318-323. Krishnan, K J, A Kalam and A Zayegh (2013) H2 optimisation and fuel cell as a back-up power for telecommunication sites. in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies, ICCPCT 2013. IEEE, Online. 1274-1277 Marleni, N., Gray, S., Sharma, A., Burn, S. and Muttil, N. (2013). Modelling the effects of sewer mining on odour and corrosion in sewer systems. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2813–2819. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/L12/marleni.pdf McCallum, David (2013) Spaces of Assessment/ Spaces of Incarceration: Destablishing the Modernist Family Project. in The Australian Sociological Association 2013 Annual Conference Proceedings. TASA, Australia. 1-10. Mohammad, R., A Kalam and R Akella (2013) A cost-effective early warning system for improving the reliability of power systems. in Proceedings - Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 1-6. Mohammad, R., A Kalam and S V Amari (2013) Reliability of load-sharing systems subject to proportional hazards model. in Proceedings - Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 1-5. Mohammad, R., A Kalam and S V Amari (2013) Reliability of phased mission systems with warm standby subsystems. in Proceedings - Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 1-5. Molavi, S., Tran, H.D. and Muttil, N. (2013). Implementing future climate change scenarios using a stormwater drainage model for an urban catchment in Melbourne. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2820–2826. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/L12/molavi.pdf

Mustapha, B , A Zayegh and R Begg (2013) Wireless obstacle detection system for the elderly and visually impaired people. in Proceedings of the IEEE INternational Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and Applications. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Malaysia. 1-5. Nasrin, T., Tran, H.D. and Muttil, N. (2013). Modelling impact of extreme rainfall on sanitary sewer system by predicting rainfall derived infiltration/inflow. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2827–2833. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1.http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/L12/nasrin.pdf

Pourakbar, M., M Tormanen, M Faulkner and H Sjoland (2013) An LC-based tunable low-isolation device for adaptive duplexers. in NORCHIP 2013. IEEE Conference Publications, Vilnius, Lithuania. 1-4. Razak, A HA, A Zayegh, R K Begg, M Seyedi and D T Lai (2013) BFSK modulation to compare intra-body communication methods for foot plantar pressure measurement. in 2013 7th IEEE GCC Conference and Exhibition, GCC 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New Jersey, USA. 172-176. Seyedi, M., B KibretI, D TH Lai and M Faulkner (2013) An empirical comparison of limb joint effects on capacitive and galvanic coupled intra-body communications. in Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 8th International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing: Sensing the Future, ISSNIP 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, USA. 213-218. Shi, J , Ian Furness, A Kalam and P Shi (2013) On low voltage ride-through and stability of wind energy conservation systems with FACTS devices. in The Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference. AUPEC, Australia. 465-469. Sivapragasam, C., Balamurli, S., Deepak, M., Prakhar, A. and Muttil, N. (2013). Trends in rainfall patterns over the Tamarabarani Basin in Tamil Nadu, India. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2583–2589. ISBN: 978-0-9872143- 3-1. http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/L7/sivapragasam.pdf


Smeda, N , E Dakich and N Sharda (2013) The effectiveness of digital storytelling in the classrooms: A case study. in Proceedings - 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New Jersey, USA. 491-492. Su, X , P Shi and L Wu (2013) Fuzzy-model-based controller designs for nonlinear electromagnetic suspension systems. in Proceedings of 2013 International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Its Application. IEEE, United States. 465-469. Su, X , P Shi, L Wu and H Karimi (2013) Filtering with dissipativity for T-S fuzzy systems with time-varying delay. in Proc of the 52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 7060-7064. Su, X , P Shi, L Wu and H Karimi (2013) Fuzzy filter design for discrete-time delayed systems with distributed probabilistic sensor faults. in Proc of 2013 American Control Conference. AACC, USA. 4880-4885. Su, X , P Shi, L Wu and R Yang (2013) Filter design for stochastically perturbed T-S Fuzzy systems. in IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation, ICCA. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 1109-1114. Thavot, M , A Iqbal, M Saleh and A Kalam (2013) Modeling of a seven-phase series-connected three-motor drive system. in 2013 7th IEEE GCC Conference and Exhibition, GCC 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 142-147. Ustun, T S, C Ozansoy and A Zayegh (2013) Differential protection of microgrids with central protection unit support. in IEEE 2013 Tencon - Spring, TENCONSpring 2013 - Conference Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 15-19. Ustun, T S, C Ozansoy and A Zayegh (2013) Modeling and simulation of a microgrid protection system with central protection unit. in IEEE 2013 Tencon - Spring, TENCONSpring 2013 - Conference Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. 5-9. Wafal, L., A Zayegh, R Begg and J Woulf (2013) Asymmetry detection during pathological gait using a plantar pressure sensing system. in 2013 7th IEEE GCC Conference and Exhibition, GCC 2013. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New Jersey, USA. 182-

OTHERS A.S., Lijo F., Li J.-D., Maab H., Nunes S., Gray S., Amy G., Ghaffour N., Modelling of air gap membrane distillation process. American Membrane Technology Association (AMTA) Membrane Technology Conference, February 25-28, 2013, San Antonio, Tx Adhikary S.K., Das S.K., Chaki T., Rahman M. (2013). Identifying safe drinking water source for establishing sustainable urban water supply scheme in Rangunia municipality, Bangladesh. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013,pp. 3134–3140. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3 http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/L20/adhikary.pdf

Adhikary S.K., Das S.K., Islam M.A., Hossain Q.S. (2013). Multivariate statistical approach for modelling domestic water demand of Dhaka city in Bangladesh, In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp.788. Adhikary S.K., Das S.K., Saha G.C., Chaki T. (2013). Groundwater drought assessment for Barind irrigation project in northwestern Bangladesh. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2917–2923. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1. http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2013/L16/adhikary.pdf Jayasooriya V.M., Ng A.W.M. Development of a framework for the valuation of Ecosystem services of Green Infrastructure In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 3155-3161 ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1 Kesieme U.K., Milne N., Cheng C.Y., Aral H., Duke M. Recovery of water and acid from leach solutions using direct contact membrane distillation, Water Science & Technology In Press, Uncorrected Proof © IWA Publishing 2013 | doi:10.2166/wst.2013.788. This uncorrected proof file is now available online at http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/up/default.htm Yilmaz, A.G. and Perera, B.J.C. (2013). Changes in Intensity-Frequency-Duration Relationship of Heavy Rainfalls at a Station in Melbourne. In Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S. and Boland J. (eds) MODSIM2013, 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2013, pp. 2834–2840. ISBN: 978-0-9872143-3-1.


KEYNOTE PRESENTATIONS Professor Stephen Gray, NOM5 Down Under – 5th IWA Specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter Research, 1-4 October, Perth, Australia Professor Harry Ridgeway from Stanford University, California, who is a research partner on the two research projects with Prof John Orbell, Dr Thomas Yeager, Dr Matthew Stewart and Prof Stephen Gray, was a key note speaker at the Asia Pacific Water Recycling and Membranes & Desalination conference, Brisbane, 1-4 July 2013.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS Cran M., Screening fluorescent chemicals and nanoparticles as potential surrogates for real-time reverse osmosis integrity monitoring, Asia Pacific Water Recycling and Membranes & Desalination conference, Brisbane, 1-4 July 2013. Cran M., Effect of exposure time and concentration of oxidizing biocides on the degradation of polyamide thin film composite membranes, Asia Pacific Water Recycling and Membranes & Desalination conference, Brisbane, 1-4 July 2013. Duke M., Inorganic membranes for water treatment: progress on catalytic and molecular sieving features, 5th International Symposium on Inorganic Membranes, Nanjing University of Technology, China, July 20-22, 2013 Duke M., Opportunities for water recycling using the ozone/ceramic membrane hybrid process, Asia Pacific Water Recycling and Membranes & Desalination conference, Brisbane, 1-4 July 2013. Duke M., Resilient Pre-Treatment Desalination of Saline Secondary Effluent by Ceramic Membranes, NCEDA International Workshop, Melbourne 28-29 November 13 Dumée L., Lin B., Lemoine J-B., He L., She F., Velleman L., Duke M., Hodgson P., Gray S., Kong L., Sintering of metal nano-particle composite assemblies: towards simple processing of nano-porous metal membranes for liquid purification. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA) paper 28350 Gray S., Reverse osmosis brine management by membrane distillation Crystallisation. 6th International Desalination Workshop, The policy and practice of desalination. 28-29th November, 2013, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Hamid K.I.A., Scales P, Muthukumaran S., Duke M., Effect of salinity and pH in Novel Ceramic Membrane Water Treatment Processes, International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27910 Hausmann A., Sanciolo P., Vasiljevic T., Weeks M., Schroën K., Gray S., Duke M., Skim milk and why fouling on hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes during membrane distillation. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 28542 Kesieme U., Recovery of fresh water, acid and metal from leach solutions using membrane distillation, IWA Membrane Technology Conference (IWA-MTC 2013), 25 - 29 August, 2013 Toronto, Canada Liyanaarachchi S., Jegatheesan V., Muthukumaran S., Shu L.,Obagbemi I., Effect of feed temperature and membrane orientation on pre-treatment sludge volume reduction through forward osmosis, CESE 2013, Conference, October 29 to November 2, 2013, Daegu, South Korea Low Z. X., Razmjou A., Wang K., Gray S., Wang H. Effect of ZIF-L nanoflakes on surface morphology and transport performance of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 25158 Millikan M., Spectroscopic analysis of Navel oranges stored at low temperatures, Spectroscopy conference, Congress Centre, La Grande Motte, Montpellier France, June 2-7, 2013 Milne N., Berger-Lande C., Sanciolo P., Gray S., Ostarcevic E., Beighton M., Strategies for control of silica scaling in reverse osmosis, The eighth conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society, AMS 8, Xi’an, China, July 16-19, 2013, paper O-H-09


Muthukumaran S., Study of Combined Ceramic Membrane and Photocatalytic Treatment of Saline Wastewater, International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27522. Myat D., Investigation of RO fouling by organics from ozone/ceramic membrane pre-treatment, NOM5 Down Under – 5th IWA Specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter Research, October 1-4, Perth, Australia. Myat D., Characterisation and detection of organic interactions in wastewater effluents and synthetic water, NOM5 Down Under – 5th IWA Specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter Research, October 1-4, Perth, Australia. Myat D.T., Roddick F., Wilson S., Chan A., Arabatzoudis C., Zhu B., Muthukumaran S., Duke M., Study of RO pre-treatment of secondary effluent using Coagulation/Ozonation and Ceramic Microfiltration recycled wastewater, International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27538. Ooi D, Fisher A.F, Cary J., King T., Murphy K., Modelling geographic variation in the public acceptance or desalination in Australia, Conference: 2nd Water Research Conference, organised by the Journal of Water Research and the International Water Association, January 20-23, 2013, Singapore. Ostarcevic E.R., Cran M.J., Gray S.R. Developments in real-time integrity monitoring of reverse osmosis membranes. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 2854 Sanciolo P., Accelerated seeded precipitation of calcium carbonate seed – limitations and interferences, Asia Pacific Water Recycling and Membranes & Desalination conference, Brisbane, July 1-4, 2013. Simon A., Price W.E., Gray S., Duke M., Nghiem L.D. Zero liquid discharge options for produced water from coal seam gas operations. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 28274 Stewart M., Myat D., Gray S., Vasiljevic T., Orbell J., Factors at the molecular level affecting membrane fouling by alginates – insights from molecular dynamics simulations, The eighth conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society, AMS 8, Xi’an, China, July 16-19, 2013, paper O-H-04 Stewart M., Molecular dynamics investigations of NOM: Interactions between proteins and polysaccharides, NOM5 Down Under – 5th IWA Specialist Conference on Natural Organic Matter Research, October 1-4, Perth, Australia Thorpe G. R., Kashuk S. (2013) Emerging creative assemblages in contemporary architectural practice and the development of new pedagogies. Presented at The First International Deleuze Studies in Asia Conference, Taipei, May 31-June 2, 2013. Zhang J., Li J-D., Duke M., Hoang M., Xie Z., Groth A., Tun C., Gray S., Modelling of vacuum membrane distillation, The eighth conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society, AMS 8, Xi’an, China, July 16-19, 2013, paper O-B-05 Zhang J., Muthukumaran S., Scales P., Packer M., Northcott K., Hillis P., Duke M., Gray S., Pressure decay test for RO in a small purified water recycling scheme. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27210 Zhu B., Kim J-H., Na Y-H., Moon I-S., Kado R., Maeda S., Morris G., Gray S., Duke M., Desalination of class A water using an MFI-type zeolite membrane, The eighth conference of the Aseanian Membrane Society, AMS 8, Xi’an, China, July 16-19, 2013, paper O-G-03 Zhu B., Kim J.H., Na Y-H., Moon I-S., Connor G., Maeda S., Morris G., Gray S, Duke M., Desalination of Class A water with a novel zeolite membrane, AWA Membranes and Desalination Conference 2013, 1-4 July, 2013, Brisbane, Australia


POSTERS Allioux F-M., Dumée L., Milne N., He L., She F., Velleman L., Duke M., Gray S., Hodgson P., Kong L., Fabrication and characterisation of metal reinforced ion exchange membranes for electro-dialysis, International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 28270

Dumée L., Yi Z., Lin B., He L., Mundie S., Hawley A., She F., Velleman L., Duke M., Gray S., Hodgson P, Kirby N., Kong L., In situ small angle x-ray scattering gas permeation across micro- and nano-porous membranes: Correlation of diffraction to permeation. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 28290

Gao L., Zhang J., Li J.D., Gray S.R., Experimental investigation on permeate gap membrane distillation with novel hollow fiber membrane, International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 30894

Lai C.Y., Groth A., Gray S., Duke M., Fouling study of abrasive resistant PVDF/nanoclay hollow fibre composite membranes. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 28218

Moon I.S., Gray S., Shim W.G., Theoretical and experimental analysis of solar energy assisted direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA)

Myat D.T., Mergen M. , Zhao O., Merle T., Croué J-P, Stewart M.B., Orbell J.D., Gray S.R., Fouling mechanism transition in relation to feed water composition and membrane type. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27518

Stewart, M.B., Ridgway, H.F., Gray, S.R., Vasiljevic, T., and Orbell, J.D. Predicting the Outcomes of Oxidising Processes: The Development of a QM/MM Hybrid Simulation Method. RACI PhysChem 2013 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, December 4-6, 2013.

Velleman L., Dumée L., He L., She F., Duke M., Gray S., Hodgson P., Kong L., Fabrication of metal membranes via electroless metal deposition onto porous templates. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27310

Zhang P., Knoetig P., Gray S., Duke M., Membrane distillation process of reverse osmosis concentrate. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013), Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 28030

Zhu B., Kim J.H., Na Y-H, Moon I-S, Maeda S., Morris G., Gray S., Duke M. Development of a novel zeolite membrane for desalination of class A water. International Membrane Science and Technology Conference 2013 (IMSTEC2013) Melbourne, November 25-29, Membrane Society of Australasia (MSA), paper 27890


INDUSTRY REPORTS Marlene Cran, Stephen Gray, Manh Hoang, Zongli Xie, Derrick Ng, Desalination by Pervaporation (prepared for CSIRO) Nicholas Milne, Drikus du Plooy, Jingshi (Yvonne) Wang, Stephen Gray, Characterisation of Water (prepared for Penrice Soda) Peter Sanciolo, Nicholas Milne, Stephen Gray, Antony Tarquin, Silica Removal from Groundwater for Reverse Osmosis water recovery enhancement and waste brine volume reduction (prepared for NCEDA) Nicholas Milne, Noel Dow, Leslie Naidoo, Dr Jianhua Zhang, Stephen Gray, Prof Mikel Duke, Textile Processing Wastewater and the Role of Membrane Distillation (prepared for Bruck Textiles) Laurent Le Page, Tim Hatt, Mary Millikan, Syed Hussainy, William Rajendram, Jun-de Li, Growing algae in raceway ponds using wastewater (prepared for Western Water) Peter Sanciolo, Stephen Gray, POE/POU Management and Costing study. Stage 1: Literature review and preliminary costing (prepared for Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water) Hal Aral, Upgrading M.Taboca's Zircon (prepared for Mineraao Taboca S.A.) Marlene Cran, Stephen Gray, Veolia Microfiltration Plant Membrane Autopsy Report (prepared for Kathy Northcott, Veolia Water Australia)

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