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1 of 4

Code Title Quantity 1 Unit 1 Subcontractor Rate (Euro) Total Cost (Euro)

Detailed Onshore Drilling Estimate 15,461,525.00Drilling 14,797,165.00Predrill and Planning 49,660.00

190 Lease Acquisition 1.60 HA 2,600.00 4,160.00200 License Fees 1.00 EACH 500.00 500.00210 Surveying 3.00 DAY 5,000.00 15,000.00220 Planning and Programs 200.00 HOUR 150.00 30,000.00

Construction 547,100.00230 Road 5.00 KM 5,500.00 27,500.00240 Location 18.00 DAY 11,000.00 198,000.00250 Lease Maintenance 180.00 DAY 500.00 90,000.00260 Lease Cleanup 0.00 DAY 11,000.00 0.00270 Bridges / Culverts / Cattle Guards 6.00 EACH 5,000.00 30,000.00280 Standby Equipment 0.00 DAY 550.00 0.00290 Supervision 18.00 DAY 1,200.00 21,600.00300 Lease Reclamation 18.00 DAY 8,800.00 158,400.00310 Lease Reclamation Supervision 18.00 DAY 1,200.00 21,600.00

Rig Contract 7,096,420.00320 Rig Move 50.00 LOAD 3,600.00 180,000.00330 Rig Permit 4.00 DAY 500.00 2,000.00340 Demob / Inter-well Move 40.00 LOAD 3,600.00 144,000.00350 Rig-in Set Up Labour 8.00 EACH 16,000.00 128,000.00360 Daywork 180.00 DAY 20,000.00 3,600,000.00370 Loader 180.00 DAY 500.00 90,000.00380 Additional Labour Costs 180.00 DAY 250.00 45,000.00390 Camp 188.00 DAY 7,000.00 1,316,000.00400 CSA 188.00 DAY 650.00 122,200.00410 Crew Transportation 188.00 EACH 350.00 65,800.00420 Boiler 188.00 DAY 1,920.00 360,960.00430 Fuel 188.00 DAY 4,545.00 854,460.00440 Fuel Storage 0.00 DAY 0.00 0.00450 Standby 0.00 DAY 16,000.00 0.00460 Water and Trucking 188.00 DAY 1,000.00 188,000.00

Rentals 2,115,000.00

Detailed Onshore Drilling Cost Estimation, Sample, Yemen, Year 2013

2 of 4



470 Wellsite Trailer(s) 752.00 DAY 200.00 150,400.00480 Sump Pump(s) 188.00 DAY 135.00 25,380.00490 Surface Equipment 188.00 DAY 1,500.00 282,000.00500 Solids Control Equipment 376.00 DAY 1,525.00 573,400.00510 High Speed Mixer(s) 188.00 DAY 525.00 98,700.00520 Tank Rental 188.00 DAY 290.00 54,520.00530 Downhole Tool Rentals 188.00 DAY 3,650.00 686,200.00540 Drill string 9,400.00 DAY 26.00 244,400.00

Service and Supplies 2,717,875.00550 Bits - Surface Hole 2.00 EACH 5,000.00 10,000.00560 Bits - Intermediate Hole 7.00 EACH 10,000.00 70,000.00570 Bits - Main Hole 5.00 EACH 10,000.00 50,000.00580 Bits - Openhole 0.00 EACH 10,000.00 0.00590 Surface Mud and Chemicals 250.00 M3 45.00 11,250.00600 Main Mud and Chemicals 500.00 M3 475.00 237,500.00610 Mud Logging 125.00 DAY 775.00 96,875.00620 Drill Stem Tests 2.00 EACH 10,000.00 20,000.00630 Cores Cut 1.00 EACH 15,000.00 15,000.00640 Electric Logging 3,900.00 LM 10.00 39,000.00650 Environmental Services 5.00 EACH 750.00 3,750.00660 Drilling Waste Management 10.00 EACH 1,500.00 15,000.00670 Safety 188.00 DAY 1,050.00 197,400.00680 Directional Drilling Services 100.00 DAY 11,000.00 1,100,000.00690 Trucking 188.00 DAY 1,500.00 282,000.00700 Fluid and/or Cuttings Hauling 165.00 DAY 1,600.00 264,000.00710 Fluid and/or Cuttings Disposal 500.00 M3 50.00 25,000.00720 Vacuum Truck (LSWD) 165.00 DAY 1,600.00 264,000.00730 Welding 3.00 EACH 1,500.00 4,500.00740 Inspection and Repair 3.00 EACH 4,200.00 12,600.00

Casing and Cementing 1,718,960.0010 Surface Casing 600.00 LM 198.00 118,800.0020 Attachments and Accessories 60.00 EACH 25.00 1,500.0030 Tongs 600.00 LM 8.00 4,800.0040 Cement and Service 600.00 LM 40.00 24,000.00

3 of 4



50 Intermediate Casing 3,340.00 LM 239.00 798,260.0060 Attachments and Accessories 334.00 EACH 25.00 8,350.0070 Tongs 3,340.00 LM 5.00 16,700.0080 Cement and Service 3,340.00 LM 30.00 100,200.0090 Production Casing 4,500.00 LM 100.00 450,000.00100 Attachments and Accessories 450.00 EACH 25.00 11,250.00110 Tongs 4,500.00 LM 6.00 27,000.00120 Cement and Service 4,500.00 LM 30.00 135,000.00130 Liner 0.00 LM 0.00 0.00140 Attachments and Accessories 0.00 EACH 0.00 0.00150 Tongs 0.00 LM 0.00 0.00160 Cement and Service 0.00 LM 0.00 0.00170 Abandonment Cement 2.00 SET 6,300.00 12,600.00180 Cement Plug Logging 2.00 SET 5,250.00 10,500.00

Supervision and Administration 552,150.00750 Drilling Supervisor 188.00 DAY 1,600.00 300,800.00760 Well Site Geologist 125.00 DAY 1,500.00 187,500.00770 Geological Rentals 125.00 DAY 210.00 26,250.00780 Insurance 188.00 EACH 100.00 18,800.00790 Communications 188.00 DAY 100.00 18,800.00

Detailed Completion Estimate 664,360.00910 Surface Equipment Rentals 1.00 EACH 12,000.00 12,000.00800 Wellhead 1.00 EACH 30,000.00 30,000.00810 Tubing 4,300.00 EACH 34.00 146,200.00820 Packers, Plugs, Retainers 1.00 EACH 45,000.00 45,000.00830 Service Rig 10.00 DAY 7,836.00 78,360.00840 Boiler 10.00 DAY 1,000.00 10,000.00850 CSA 10.00 DAY 1,140.00 11,400.00860 Crew Transportation 10.00 DAY 300.00 3,000.00870 Hauling and Trucking 10.00 DAY 3,000.00 30,000.00880 Vacuum Truck 10.00 DAY 1,200.00 12,000.00890 Water and Trucking 10.00 DAY 1,000.00 10,000.00900 Completion Fluids and Chemicals 160.00 M3 200.00 32,000.00920 Downhole Equipment Rentals 1.00 EACH 10,000.00 10,000.00

4 of 4



930 Cased Hole Logs 1.00 EACH 12,000.00 12,000.00940 Perforating and Logging 1.00 EACH 30,000.00 30,000.00950 Wireline 4.00 EACH 6,000.00 24,000.00960 Remedial Cementing 0.00 EACH 15,000.00 0.00970 Stimulation 1.00 EACH 80,000.00 80,000.00980 Completions Supervisor 12.00 DAY 1,700.00 20,400.00990 Inspection / Safety 10.00 EACH 1,500.00 15,000.001,000 Environmental 2.00 EACH 1,000.00 2,000.001,010 Lease and Road Maintenance 10.00 DAY 500.00 5,000.001,020 Production Test 8.00 DAY 5,500.00 44,000.001,030 Fluids Analysis 4.00 EACH 500.00 2,000.001,040 Snubbing 0.00 DAY 7,500.00 0.001,050 Nitrogen 0.00 M3 3.00 0.00Totals 15,461,525.00

Rub Al Khali Blocks are located along the southern margin of

the Rub Al Khali Foreland Basin. The prospective section is composed mainly of Mesozoic and Paleozoic clastics and shales thinning to the south onto the east-west trending North Hadramawt Arch.

Ministry of Oil and Minerals Petroleum Exploration &

Production Authority

BLOCK 12 (NORTH SANAU)

The North Sanau Block (12) occupies an area of 7867 km2 in the South Rub Al Khali Basin in the northern part of Yemen.

The petroleum system of the Rub Al Khali Basin has been confirmed by the discoveries of the major oil and gas fields in the Central Saudi Arabia, in western Oman and recently in southern Saudi Arabia.

The Block (12) bordered on the north by Saudi sector of the Rub Al Khali Basin.

GENERALS

Block Name NORTH SANAU Block N0 (12) Province Hadramawt Basin South Rub Al Khali Basin Area (Km2) 7,867

PREVIOUS EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES

Company Period Activities Sonatrach 70-73 2D seismic

PED 76-81 2D seismic

Russian 76-82 Gravity & aeromagnetic 2D seismic

ARCO 91-97 Gravity & aeromagnetic 2D seismic

Canadian Petroleum +

Nexen 99-04 Gravity & 2D seismic

NO WELLS WERE DRILLED

Leads _ INFRA CAMBRIAN TWT STRUCTURE

Previous Work

Eleven oil fields produce 200,000 BOPD (API>40) from Paleozoic clastic reservoirs 420 miles to the north of the study area, south of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The proven source rocks for the Saudi fields are oil prone (type II) Silurian age shales of the Qusaiba Member within the Qalibah Formation. The Qusaiba source rocks are regionally widespread and extend southward into Yemen. Age equivalent Silurian argillaceous rocks have been identified in Shihr-1, Hathout-2 and possibly Qinab-1. The Silurian source rock quality and maturity levels are expected to improve basinward (north) and have effective source rock characteristics at, or just north, of the Saudi Arabian border.

Older Infracambrian source rocks appear to extend into northern Yemen from Saudi Arabia along the NW-SE trending Najd fault system. Seismic evidence suggests the presence of salt. In Oman, the Infracambrian Huqf Group Ara salt Formation is contemporaneous with organic rich source rock. Basin modelling using the Hathout-2 well suggests that any Infracambrian source rocks present would be in the main oil window (Ro=0.7) on the northern half of the area. The Infracambrian enters the main gas window just north of the present day Saudi Arabia-Yemen border. Oil analysed from the Tarfyat-1 well located along the North Hadramaut Arch is geochemically similar to oil derived from the Infracambrian Huqf source rocks of the South Oman Salt Basin.

Regional topseals are postulated to be the Silurian Qusaiba Member shales and Permian Akbarah Formation shales (equivalent to Khuff Formation limestones). The lower Permian Akbarah Shale is present in all blocks and could act as an effective seal. Based on existing well penetrations, other shales exist within the Paleozoic section that could act as potential top seals; namely, distal facies equivalents in the Dibsiyah (Cambro-Ordovician section). The northern portions of ail blocks is thought to have the best developed petroleum system.

Reservoir targets include the Cambro-Ordovician, Devonian and lower Permian clastics. Core analysis from Hathout-2 indicates Cambro-Ordovician sandstone porosity of up to 20% and permeability ranging from several hundred millidarcies to over one Darcy. Log analysis from Shihr-1 suggests corrected sonic porosity of 15-20 % for other clastic zones.

Many Infracambrian mobilised salt drape leads have been identified in the Infracambrian graben area and at least three antithetic fault dependant leads have been defined. Seismic suggests reefal buildups may occur within the Qishn (Shuaiba) carbonates and oil shows have been reported from the underlying Jurassic interval from several Saudi Arabian stratigraphic test wells north of the border. More seismic is required to properly evaluate the petroleum potential of this vast region.

Play Concept

PETROLEUM SYSTEM TRAPS AND PLAY FAIRWAYS

Structural and stratigraphic.

SOURCE ROCKS The Silurian Qusaibah Shale of the Qalibah Formation source rock was confirmed by four exploration wells such as Shahar-1, Rakhawt-1,

Hathout-2 and Qinab-1 in Yemen-Rub Al Khali Basin. The thickness of Qalibah Formation (21-118 metres). The maximum content of TOC is 1.25% in Hathout-2 well.

The Infra-Cambrian source rock.

RESERVOIR - SEAL The fractured Precambrian Basement can be good reservoir (in the Southern part of the block). The Infra-Cambrian to Early Carboniferous clastics are a potential reservoir sealed by basinal Cambro-Ordovician shales of the Lower Silurian

Qusaiba shale. Lower Permian (Juwayl Formation) clastics have potential reservoir facies. The Akbarah shales act as seal. The Jurassic Naifa-Shuqra Formation (limestone-dolomite). The Lower Cretaceous Qishn Formation (limestone-dolomite). The Upper Cretaceous Harshiyat Formation (sandstone).

Geological Cross Section in South Rub' al Khali Basin

Conclusions Block 12 is located on the structural margin of a hydrocarbon-rich basin with proven production to the North and East. Hydrocarbon shows are present in downdip wells in Mesozoic and Paleozoic reservoirs. Four major potential source intervals exist in the region within the Infracambrian, Silurian, Jurassic and Cretaceous. Paleozoic exploration targets include transpressional structures formed by re-activation of older Najd Fault trends.

Ordovician sand reservoirs are sourced and sealed by the overlying Sahmah shales. The Lower Permian is a red bed sequence that could contain high porosity sands sandwiched between Red-brown

shales of the Akbarah Formation by analogy to Lower-Middle Permian eolian Unayzah sands in Saudi Arabian Fields near Riyadh.

The northward dipping Permian section is truncated to the south by the overlying base Jurassic unconformity. This results in a favorable geophyisically-defined trapping geometry and reservoir-bottom seal pairs which potentially extend across all northern blocks.

Long-range migration is well established for Infracambrian and Silurian sourced reservoirs in Saudi Arabia and Oman. The mudstone from the Paleozoic interval showed a potential of 2.3 kg/ton in the Shahr-1 and 2.0 kg/ton in the Hathout-

2, the source potential is fair. Infracambrian reservoir rocks have been encountered in outcrop both in Saudi Arabia and Western Yemen. Potential reservoir horizons include Huqf equivalent carbonates, Cambro-Ordovician and Permian sandstones. Infracambrian aged outcrop in West Arabia and SW Yemen include syn-rift transgressive carbonate and clastic

packages that may be analogous to the Huqf source-rich strata in Oman.

Hazmi

Subcontracted Item Subcontr. Rate* Quantity Total Cost

PROJECT SUBCONTRACTED RESOURCES11/04/2014 1.46 PM

drilling samle

Abandonment Cement 2.00 € 12,600.006,300.00 SET

Additional Labour Costs 180.00 € 45,000.00250.00 DAY

Attachments and Accessories 60.00 € 1,500.0025.00 EACH



Bits - Intermediate Hole 7.00 € 70,000.0010,000.00 EACH

Bits - Main Hole 5.00 € 50,000.0010,000.00 EACH

Bits - Openhole 0.00 € 0.0010,000.00 EACH

Bits - Surface Hole 2.00 € 10,000.005,000.00 EACH

Boiler 10.00 € 10,000.001,000.00 DAY

Boiler 188.00 € 360,960.001,920.00 DAY

Bridges / Culverts / Cattle Guards 6.00 € 30,000.005,000.00 EACH

CSA 188.00 € 122,200.00650.00 DAY

CSA 10.00 € 11,400.001,140.00 DAY

€ 743,260.00PAGE TOTAL:

* Subcontractor Rate refers to final rate after apllying exchange rates and location factors. If different exchange rates or location factors are used for the same resource at different BOQs then the average rate is displayed.

Page 1 of 8



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Camp 188.00 € 1,316,000.007,000.00 DAY

Cased Hole Logs 1.00 € 12,000.0012,000.00 EACH

Cement Plug Logging 2.00 € 10,500.005,250.00 SET

Cement and Service 4,500.00 € 135,000.0030.00 LM

Cement and Service 3,340.00 € 100,200.0030.00 LM

Cement and Service 600.00 € 24,000.0040.00 LM

Communications 188.00 € 18,800.00100.00 DAY

Completion Fluids and Chemicals 160.00 € 32,000.00200.00 M3

Completions Supervisor 12.00 € 20,400.001,700.00 DAY

Cores Cut 1.00 € 15,000.0015,000.00 EACH

Crew Transportation 188.00 € 65,800.00350.00 EACH

Crew Transportation 10.00 € 3,000.00300.00 DAY

Daywork 180.00 € 3,600,000.0020,000.00 DAY

Demob / Inter-well Move 40.00 € 144,000.003,600.00 LOAD

€ 5,496,700.00PAGE TOTAL:


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Directional Drilling Services 100.00 € 1,100,000.0011,000.00 DAY

Downhole Equipment Rentals 1.00 € 10,000.0010,000.00 EACH

Downhole Tool Rentals 188.00 € 686,200.003,650.00 DAY

Drill Stem Tests 2.00 € 20,000.0010,000.00 EACH

Drill string 9,400.00 € 244,400.0026.00 DAY

Drilling Supervisor 188.00 € 300,800.001,600.00 DAY

Drilling Waste Management 10.00 € 15,000.001,500.00 EACH

Electric Logging 3,900.00 € 39,000.0010.00 LM

Environmental 2.00 € 2,000.001,000.00 EACH

Environmental Services 5.00 € 3,750.00750.00 EACH

Fluid and/or Cuttings Disposal 500.00 € 25,000.0050.00 M3

Fluid and/or Cuttings Hauling 165.00 € 264,000.001,600.00 DAY

Fluids Analysis 4.00 € 2,000.00500.00 EACH

Fuel 188.00 € 854,460.004,545.00 DAY

€ 3,566,610.00PAGE TOTAL:


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Geological Rentals 125.00 € 26,250.00210.00 DAY

Hauling and Trucking 10.00 € 30,000.003,000.00 DAY

High Speed Mixer(s) 188.00 € 98,700.00525.00 DAY

Inspection / Safety 10.00 € 15,000.001,500.00 EACH

Inspection and Repair 3.00 € 12,600.004,200.00 EACH

Insurance 188.00 € 18,800.00100.00 EACH

Intermediate Casing 3,340.00 € 798,260.00239.00 LM

Lease Acquisition 1.60 € 4,160.002,600.00 HA

Lease Cleanup 0.00 € 0.0011,000.00 DAY

Lease Maintenance 180.00 € 90,000.00500.00 DAY

Lease Reclamation 18.00 € 158,400.008,800.00 DAY

Lease Reclamation Supervision 18.00 € 21,600.001,200.00 DAY

Lease and Road Maintenance 10.00 € 5,000.00500.00 DAY

License Fees 1.00 € 500.00500.00 EACH

€ 1,279,270.00PAGE TOTAL:


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Loader 180.00 € 90,000.00500.00 DAY

Location 18.00 € 198,000.0011,000.00 DAY

Main Mud and Chemicals 500.00 € 237,500.00475.00 M3

Mud Logging 125.00 € 96,875.00775.00 DAY

Nitrogen 0.00 € 0.003.00 M3

Packers, Plugs, Retainers 1.00 € 45,000.0045,000.00 EACH

Perforating and Logging 1.00 € 30,000.0030,000.00 EACH

Planning and Programs 200.00 € 30,000.00150.00 HOUR

Production Test 8.00 € 44,000.005,500.00 DAY

Production Casing 4,500.00 € 450,000.00100.00 LM

Remedial Cementing 0.00 € 0.0015,000.00 EACH

Rig Permit 4.00 € 2,000.00500.00 DAY

Rig Move 50.00 € 180,000.003,600.00 LOAD

Rig-in Set Up Labour 8.00 € 128,000.0016,000.00 EACH

€ 1,531,375.00PAGE TOTAL:


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Road 5.00 € 27,500.005,500.00 KM

Safety 188.00 € 197,400.001,050.00 DAY

Service Rig 10.00 € 78,360.007,836.00 DAY

Snubbing 0.00 € 0.007,500.00 DAY

Solids Control Equipment 376.00 € 573,400.001,525.00 DAY

Standby 0.00 € 0.0016,000.00 DAY

Standby Equipment 0.00 € 0.00550.00 DAY

Stimulation 1.00 € 80,000.0080,000.00 EACH

Sump Pump(s) 188.00 € 25,380.00135.00 DAY

Supervision 18.00 € 21,600.001,200.00 DAY

Surface Casing 600.00 € 118,800.00198.00 LM

Surface Equipment 188.00 € 282,000.001,500.00 DAY

Surface Equipment Rentals 1.00 € 12,000.0012,000.00 EACH

Surface Mud and Chemicals 250.00 € 11,250.0045.00 M3

€ 1,427,690.00PAGE TOTAL:


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Surveying 3.00 € 15,000.005,000.00 DAY

Tank Rental 188.00 € 54,520.00290.00 DAY

Tongs 4,500.00 € 27,000.006.00 LM

Tongs 3,340.00 € 16,700.005.00 LM

Tongs 600.00 € 4,800.008.00 LM

Trucking 188.00 € 282,000.001,500.00 DAY

Tubing 4,300.00 € 146,200.0034.00 EACH

Vacuum Truck 10.00 € 12,000.001,200.00 DAY

Vacuum Truck (LSWD) 165.00 € 264,000.001,600.00 DAY

Water and Trucking 10.00 € 10,000.001,000.00 DAY

Water and Trucking 188.00 € 188,000.001,000.00 DAY

Welding 3.00 € 4,500.001,500.00 EACH

Well Site Geologist 125.00 € 187,500.001,500.00 DAY

Wellhead 1.00 € 30,000.0030,000.00 EACH

€ 1,242,220.00PAGE TOTAL:


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Wellsite Trailer(s) 752.00 € 150,400.00200.00 DAY

Wireline 4.00 € 24,000.006,000.00 EACH

€ 174,400.00PAGE TOTAL:

GRAND TOTALS:


€ 15,461,525.00Page 8 of 8

int roduction - dione oil...ssessment o nal coopera or the last fiv look across t set disciplin t...

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