integrated management of hibiscus pests edwin duke, ph.d university of florida, ifas and broward...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Integrated ManagementIntegrated Managementofof
Hibiscus PestsHibiscus Pests
Edwin Duke, Ph.DEdwin Duke, Ph.DUniversity of Florida, IFAS and
Broward County Cooperative Extension Service
Tom Weissling, Ph.DTom Weissling, Ph.DUniversity of Florida, IFAS
Fort Lauderdale Research & Education Center
![Page 2: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Biology and IdentificationBiology and Identificationof Pests and Beneficialsof Pests and Beneficials
PreventativePreventativePracticesPractices
Monitor PestMonitor PestPopulationsPopulations
Action ThresholdAction Threshold
Make ActionMake ActionDecisionDecision
Evaluation &Evaluation &Follow-upFollow-up
IPMIPMProgramProgram
![Page 3: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Aphids
• Scale insects
• Whiteflies
• Spider mites
• Hibiscus gall midge
• Mealybugs
• An unidentified worm
Identification and BiologyIdentification and Biology
The Pests:The Pests:
![Page 4: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AphidsAphids
![Page 5: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CorniclesCornicles
![Page 6: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DamageDamage
![Page 7: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HoneydewHoneydew
Sooty MoldSooty Mold
![Page 8: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Scale InsectsScale Insects
• Oriental scaleOriental scale• Ivy scaleIvy scale• Florida red scaleFlorida red scale• Tesserata scaleTesserata scale• Cyanophyllum scaleCyanophyllum scale• Latania scaleLatania scale• Fern scaleFern scale• Quohog-shaped scaleQuohog-shaped scale• White peach scaleWhite peach scale• False parlatoria scaleFalse parlatoria scale• and othersand others
![Page 9: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
White Peach ScaleWhite Peach Scale
![Page 10: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Infestations are unsightlyInfestations are unsightly
![Page 11: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Damage typically is not this severeDamage typically is not this severe
![Page 12: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
WhitefliesWhiteflies
AdultAdult
![Page 13: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
NymphsNymphs
![Page 14: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Greenhouse whiteflyGreenhouse whitefly
![Page 15: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DamageDamage
![Page 16: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Spider MitesSpider Mites
![Page 17: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Webbing
![Page 18: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
DamageDamage
![Page 19: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Prior to arriving in Florida, it was known from Prior to arriving in Florida, it was known from Hawaii where it attacked buds of many plants, Hawaii where it attacked buds of many plants, including hibiscus, tomato and jasmine. including hibiscus, tomato and jasmine.
Contarinia maculipennisContarinia maculipennis is a small fly that was first is a small fly that was first found attacking found attacking DendrobiumDendrobium spp. in Apopka spp. in Apopka (collected: November 1992) and Miami (collected: (collected: November 1992) and Miami (collected: August 1993).August 1993).
Since that time the number of people reporting Since that time the number of people reporting problems with hibiscus bud drop has greatly problems with hibiscus bud drop has greatly increased. increased.
Hibiscus Gall MidgeHibiscus Gall Midge
![Page 20: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
When infested buds are dissected, several small, white, fly larvae (maggots) may be found.
![Page 21: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Once the larvae are fully developed they drop to the soil were they eventually burrow into the soil and pupate.
![Page 22: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Adults emerge in about 3 weeks depending on temperature.
![Page 23: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
When infested hibiscus buds are placed in a plastic When infested hibiscus buds are placed in a plastic vegetable storage bag, fully developed larvae begin to vegetable storage bag, fully developed larvae begin to emerge within a day. When the larvae are removed emerge within a day. When the larvae are removed from the bag and placed on a dark flat surface you will from the bag and placed on a dark flat surface you will notice they begin to "flip" themselves significant notice they begin to "flip" themselves significant distances. distances.
One interesting behavior the helps in this pests One interesting behavior the helps in this pests identification is their ability to jump or spring several identification is their ability to jump or spring several centimeters.centimeters.
![Page 24: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
DamageDamage(and an example of Tom’s inability to take a good photo)
![Page 25: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Mealybugs: Mealybugs: Pink Hibiscus MealybugPink Hibiscus Mealybug
![Page 28: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The pink hibiscus mealybug, The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus Maconellicoccus hirsutushirsutus, is a serious pest of many plants. , is a serious pest of many plants.
It was found in the Caribbean in 1994. It was found in the Caribbean in 1994.
The pink hibiscus mealybug has not yet been found The pink hibiscus mealybug has not yet been found in Florida. in Florida.
If this mealybug becomes established in Florida, it is If this mealybug becomes established in Florida, it is expected to attack many crops and ornamental plants expected to attack many crops and ornamental plants
![Page 29: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Pink mealybug on hibiscus.
Nymphs and adults before
egg-laying are clearly
visible in large numbers on
the twigs.
![Page 30: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
The insects injecttheir saliva into theplant…which is toxic.
Results in growthabnormalities
![Page 31: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Early Defoliation of HibiscusEarly Defoliation of Hibiscus
![Page 32: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Pink mealybug damage on hibiscus. Early stage of Pink mealybug damage on hibiscus. Early stage of infestation. Note the rosetting already beginning to infestation. Note the rosetting already beginning to show in some terminals. Leaf distortion and show in some terminals. Leaf distortion and shortening internodes are the result of toxin injection.shortening internodes are the result of toxin injection.
![Page 33: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Pink mealybug on hibiscus. Close-up of a terminal in Pink mealybug on hibiscus. Close-up of a terminal in which the shortening of the internodes and the which the shortening of the internodes and the deformed leaves and flower buds are already visible. deformed leaves and flower buds are already visible.
![Page 34: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Pink mealybug damage on hibiscus. Very heavily Pink mealybug damage on hibiscus. Very heavily damaged hibiscus shrubs. damaged hibiscus shrubs.
![Page 35: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
A recent search through the state for pink hibiscus A recent search through the state for pink hibiscus mealybug turned up a new pest…the mealybug turned up a new pest…the Papaya Papaya mealybugmealybug (but no phmb’s) (but no phmb’s)
The papaya mealybug is native to Mexico and Central The papaya mealybug is native to Mexico and Central America. America.
So far, the papaya mealybug has been found in PalmSo far, the papaya mealybug has been found in PalmBeach, Brevard, Manatee, and Hillsborough counties Beach, Brevard, Manatee, and Hillsborough counties
Damage is the same as described for the phmbDamage is the same as described for the phmb
In Florida, it has been found hibiscus, papaya, In Florida, it has been found hibiscus, papaya, cassava, and a few other species cassava, and a few other species
![Page 36: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Prevention of Pest ProblemsPrevention of Pest Problems
Growing a healthy plantGrowing a healthy plant
Inspect plants or cuttings brought into the Inspect plants or cuttings brought into the landscapelandscape
Close inspection of imported plantsClose inspection of imported plants
![Page 37: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Insect InvasionInsect Invasion
• Fly-ins
– Southern Florida’s close proximity to Caribbean regions
– Tropical Storms and Hurricanes
– Floating driftwood
![Page 38: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Insect InvasionInsect Invasion
• Stowaways
– More than 500 million plants legally imported into the US each year• 16 US plant introduction facilities• 2 in Florida• Miami handles approximately 80% of the
total
![Page 39: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Insect InvasionInsect Invasion
• Stowaways
– Legally imported cut flowers and foliage imported from around the world
– Illegal plant and plant product introductions
![Page 40: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Insect InvasionInsect Invasion
• Commerce importation– Industry-related introductions– Pets, educational purposes, fishing bait
• Importation by government and universities
![Page 41: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Recent Example:Recent Example:
The Cycad Aulacaspis Scale InsectThe Cycad Aulacaspis Scale Insect
![Page 42: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Growing a healthy plantGrowing a healthy plant
![Page 43: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Inspect plants or cuttings brought into the landscape...
Avoid SurprisesAvoid Surprises
![Page 44: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Monitor Pest PopulationsMonitor Pest Populations
Value? To determine if population needs to be managed
![Page 45: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Random Sampling:
The most commonly used method in IPM.
Used to determine pest numbers and/or damage per sample unit (i.e. leaf)
Counts of pest numbers, damage, and/or natural enemies are taken at random locations in the managed area
![Page 46: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Sampling Methods:Sampling Methods:
Visual is most common
Counting number/leaf, terminal, plant
Counting number per square foot
Assessing damage per unit area
![Page 47: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Can sometimes use trapsCan sometimes use traps
![Page 48: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
2) Signs of the pest (damage,
frass, cast skins)3) The actual
pest4) Beneficial
organisms5) Note condition or health of plant (does
it need water
or fertilizer?)
1) Conditions that favor a pest or
pest outbreak
When monitoring, look for:When monitoring, look for:
![Page 49: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
What to do with information? Keep Records!What to do with information? Keep Records!
0
20
40
60
80
30-Jun 14-Jul 28-Jul 12-Aug
Weekly monitoring is recommendedWeekly monitoring is recommended
![Page 50: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Management Tools:Management Tools:
• Cultural MethodsCultural Methods• Biological ControlBiological Control• Chemical ControlChemical Control
![Page 51: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Cultural MethodsCultural Methods
- - Modification or management practices that make the Modification or management practices that make the habitat less favorable to pest reproduction, dispersal, habitat less favorable to pest reproduction, dispersal, and survivaland survival
A) A) Host plant resistanceHost plant resistance. Heritable plant . Heritable plant characteristics that decrease damage due to characteristics that decrease damage due to pest feedingpest feeding
![Page 52: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
B) B) Plant RotationPlant Rotation. Rotate host and non-. Rotate host and non-host plantshost plants
C) C) Plant refuse destructionPlant refuse destruction..
D) D) Pruning & thinningPruning & thinning. Can increase . Can increase plant vigorplant vigor
E) E) FertilizationFertilization. Rate of fertilizer can . Rate of fertilizer can affectaffect
attractiveness of host plantattractiveness of host plant
F)F) SanitationSanitation. Keep leaf litter, etc. picked . Keep leaf litter, etc. picked upup
G) G) Water managementWater management..
![Page 53: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Biological ControlBiological Control
Protection and enhancement of Protection and enhancement of natural enemies (use most natural enemies (use most selective management tool)selective management tool)
Introduction of natural enemiesIntroduction of natural enemies
Use of microbial controlsUse of microbial controls
![Page 54: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Predators
Parasites
Nematodes
Disease
![Page 55: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Lady BirdLady BirdBeetleBeetle
They love aphids!
![Page 56: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Cryptolaemus Cryptolaemus adult and larvaadult and larva
![Page 57: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Green LacewingGreen Lacewing
They also love aphids
![Page 58: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Lacewing LarvaLacewing Larva
USDA - ARS
![Page 59: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Predacious Gall Midge LarvaePredacious Gall Midge Larvae
UF - Entomology/Nematology
![Page 60: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
UF - Entomology/Nematology
Predatory MitePredatory Mite
![Page 61: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Aphid MummiesAphid Mummies
![Page 62: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Parasitized Pink Hibiscus MealybugsParasitized Pink Hibiscus Mealybugs
![Page 63: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
IchneumonidIchneumonidWaspWasp
PasitizingPasitizingCaterpillarCaterpillar
![Page 64: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Parasitized CaterpillarParasitized Caterpillar
UF - Entomology/Nematology
![Page 65: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Parasitized ScalesParasitized Scales
UF - Entomology/Nematology
![Page 67: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Pathogens (especially fungi…botaniguard, Pathogens (especially fungi…botaniguard, avid, spinosad)avid, spinosad)
![Page 69: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
If using biocontrol
watch for ants…
They are the ranchers of theinsect world
![Page 70: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Sticky bands canSticky bands canhelp keep thesehelp keep theselittle suckers offlittle suckers offthe plantthe plant
![Page 72: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Chemical MethodsChemical Methods
- Insecticides
- Sterilants
- Insect Growth Regulators
- Attractants
- Repellents
![Page 73: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Soaps and oilsSoaps and oils
Systemic products (merit/marathon)Systemic products (merit/marathon)
Contact products (conserve)Contact products (conserve)
Soil drenchesSoil drenches
![Page 74: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Evaluation and Follow-UpEvaluation and Follow-Up
- Requires monitoring?- Requires monitoring?
- Were methods effective?- Were methods effective?
- Is re-treatment required?- Is re-treatment required?
![Page 75: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Your help is needed to keep track of Your help is needed to keep track of new pests new pests
If you find anything unusual, report it to your county cooperative extension office
![Page 76: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Questions & DiscussionQuestions & Discussion
How about…How about…
What’s Next?What’s Next?
![Page 77: Integrated Management of Hibiscus Pests Edwin Duke, Ph.D University of Florida, IFAS and Broward County Cooperative Extension Service Tom Weissling, Ph.D](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649d8c5503460f94a7479e/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Authors: Tom Weissling & Edwin Duke,University of Florida
Photos: University of Florida University of the Virgin Islands University of California University of Hawaii
Entomology And Nematology Department Copyright University of Florida 2000
For more detailed information see the Featured Creatures WWW site at
http://creatures.ifas.ufl.edu/