integrated planning approach: energy & urban mobility? · • innovative building permit /...
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Jörg Thiemann-Linden
Difu – German Institute of Urban Affairs
SPECIAL Training in Berlin
on 5th September 2013
Integrated Planning Approach:
Energy & Urban Mobility?
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Zero emission mobility
expanding in Germany
Traffic-saving settlement
patterns a real option?
>> Shift in mental maps today
Pedelecs - recent tasks
for municipal planning
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About
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Diversity of „cycling cultures“ in Europe …but the users‘ needs are the same
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Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik
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Recent Changes in Travel Habits in Germany (especially: the “young & urban“)
Absolute number of trips, Germany nationwide (urban and rural)
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Source: MiD 2008
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Modal split of Berlin inhabitants 1998-2008
Target 2025:
car 25%
Car 2008: 32% Car 1998: 38%
PT stable 27%
Cycling 1998: 10% Cycling 2008: 13%
Walking 1998 25% Walking 2008: 28%
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6 6
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14 22
29
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21 17
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Mitte
Fr.-
Krb
g.
Pankow
Neukölln
Treptow-Köpenick
Reinickendorf
Spandau
Charlottenbg
.-Wilmersdorf
Tempelhof-
Schbg.
Lichtenberg
Marzahn-
Hellersdorf
Steglitz-
Zehlendorf
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17 26
28
30
13 33
23
26
8 44
22
24
12 40
23 29
13 32
26 29
12 32
27
25
11 40
25
25 6
38
30
30
7 32
32
25
9 44
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ÖPNV gesamt (%)
Zu Fuß (%)
Fahrrad (%)
MIV gesamt
(%)
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14 22
29
32
21 17
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Mitte
Fr.-
Krb
g.
Pankow
Neukölln
Treptow-Köpenick
Reinickendorf
Spandau
Charlottenbg
.-Wilmersdorf
Tempelhof-
Schbg.
Lichtenberg
Marzahn-
Hellersdorf
Steglitz-
Zehlendorf
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17 26
28
30
13 33
23
26
8 44
22
24
12 40
23 29
13 32
26 29
12 32
27
25
11 40
25
25 6
38
30
30
7 32
32
25
9 44
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ÖPNV gesamt (%)
Zu Fuß (%)
Fahrrad (%)
MIV gesamt
(%)
Data: SrV 2008
Modal share by district 2008
public transport
walking (%)
cycling (%)
motorized private transport (%)
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Cycling 18-24 years
Elderly and young in Berlin 2002-2008
Elderly, different ages
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Some statistics first: modal split entire Germany 1976 – 2008 (until 1990: Western Germany only)
car driver
car,
pas-
senger .
cycling
walking
public
transpor
t
Source: BMVBS 2010, MiD 2008
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Dresden 1972 – 2008: use of travel models Cycling from 6% (1991) up to 16% (2008)
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Cycling modal share to rise from 10% to 15% of all trips in Germany in year 2020
Bicycle parking capacity, multimodality
Pedelecs, cycle highways
Focus also on rural mobility
Difu involved (giving advice to ministry, conducting experts‘ / public consultation)
450 suggestions on nat. cycling strategy from cycling experts during cycling policy conference in 2011
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Adopted on 5th September 2012:
New National Cycling Plan
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11 Source: German National Cycling Plan 2002-2012
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Conference
Crosstown links (1 day)
maintenance (1 day)
cycling as a system (2 days)
safety (2 days)
excursion to DK ( 3 days)
Difu
Germany‘s Bicycle Academy System
Training and education
focussed on staff from
municipalities, police and
administration
3-4 speakers/teachers per day
2007-2012:
~ 100 Seminars, 6 Excursions, 6 other
events , more than 6000 participants
+ 5 National networking conferences
for municipal staff (only)
Program Locations in a typical year
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Some first big „non infrastructure“ projects
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Funding from NRVP and international emission trading at ca. 1 Mio. € / a
100 companies‘ advice in Mobility Management („effizient mobil“)
„Cycling Capital Munich“ campaign
Zero CO2 by active mobility („Kopf an, Motor aus“: „Turn brain on; engine off“)
Tendering of bike sharing in Hamburg
Many other middle size „NRVP projects“…
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Keeping the potential
by sound infrastructure
• Quick and easy travel on bike lanes, cheaper than build cycle paths
• Adequate space at intersections
• Safe self-explanatory design
• Enforcement, no car parking on it
• Designed after new guidelines („ERA 2010“)
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Traditional and recent street design
according to new guidelines („RASt 06“)
Car volumes
Width of
carriageway
Width of (residual)
side spaces
Dimensioning from urban layout
Width of side spaces
Width of Carriageway
Compromise,
political decision
Street designing OLD Street designing NEW
Source: Harald Heinz (2007):
Straßenraumgestaltung mit den RASt 06.
In: Straßenverkehrstechnik 10/2007.
Extention K.J. Beckmann.,
„… layout of the street from the
roadside, not from the middle
(carriageway) “
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Ascain the best possible street cross section
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Pedestrian mobility needs non-mobility
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For hot days – the north learning from the south
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Shared Space in technical
guidelines for Germany
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Peaceful together in the square („Shared Space“) Metz (FR), Duisburg (DE), London (UK), Baar (CH)
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Since begin of 2013 Expertise Network by
SRL Urban Planners Profess. Assoc.
VCD Consumers‘ Club Transport & Env.
ADFC Cycling Advocacy Club
FUSS Pedestrians‘ Association
www.netzwerk-sharedspace.de
1st Conference on 10th September 2013 in Munich „Gestaltung verbindet“ (Street Design Connecting Disciplines)
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„Leipzig Charta“ of the EU Ministers for
Urban Development / Housing / Infrastructure (2007)
Integration of urban develpment and urban transport policy (
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• Accessibility a right of the people
• Deprived neighbourhoods in focus
• Public transport at affordable price
• Networks for walking and cycling
To substitite the
Athens Charta
from the 1930ies
based on
separation
in land use
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Long distance way of life the personal „Metropolis á la carte“, linked by motorways and high
motorisation
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Quelle: Komunalverband Ruhr
Gertz 2010
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Short trip way of life
Re-discover the near-by,
bringing facilities within walking
distance back on the mental map
of consumers and polititians
www.active-access.eu
Gertz 2010
„Nahmobilität“:
Action plan of the Governor of
Northrhine-Westfalia to encourage
short-distance mobility
(walking and cycling)
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Affordable mobility
after „peak oil“?? Transport expenditures (family)
- urban / rural?
- short / long distance regions?
- municipality depending from
long distance commuting?
- dropping prices of houses?
>> calculate housing vs.
(future transport costs!)
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„Wo-Mo-Calculator“: Transparency of housing+transport
costs in Hamburg agglomeration
„WoMo-Rechner“ 2009, TU Hamburg-Harburg
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Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik
Re-cycling of land-use: former military baracks
Area in cycling distance to city center: >> dense >> mixed use >> quality green spaces
End of tramline extension
Natual water regime
High „solar standards“
Parking concentrated outside in two garages
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Near-by-district
Freiburg,“Vauban
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Implementation in Tübingen
„French Quarter“ and „Loretto Quarter“
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Traffic effects of a shopping mall, Sihlcity, Zürich
…. minimized by
• innovative building permit /
reduced parking (trip contingent),
• brilliant mobility management
(home delivery)
Compared to another Zürich mall
• same economic success
• car only 35% instead of 80%
modal share
Source: Sihlcity
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Houten near Utrecht
urban planning after cycling
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Prototype commuter railway station Houten, NL (2011); 50,000 inhabitants
3200 bicycles capacity in „station hall“
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Cycle Highways in the Netherlands to reduce peak our work load in public transport and roads
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Bike Sharing (capacity restraints, lacking quality in PT?)
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rental network
for leisure
personal bike
at home
public city bike
„PT bicycle“
for last mile
to work
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Rising passenger numbers in urban public transport
>> Cycling to moderate work load during peak hour
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Long life cycles of infrastructure for a year 2050 post-fossile era with diversity of electric vehicles?
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in Mio VSF 2012
in 100.000 / a
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D e
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s c
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I n
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U
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t i k
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In future a high proportion of electric bicycles?
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2050
Pedelec-
Szenario
Long term mobility scenarios for Münster 2050
(all kilometers driven within city boundaries)
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Argus/Difu 2010; Abbildungsquelle: Hartmut Topp, „Städtische Mobilität ohne
Emissionen – eine Vision?, 8./9.09.2011 S. 13.
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Pedelecs for car based in-commuters into cycling based inner-cities
(like in the city of Münster)
car
p.t.
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New project in the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Region on
rural e-mobility (Wismar Highschool of Applied Sciences)
Rural Pedelec Sharing Project feeder system to bus service (each 2nd hour)
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Walking 1 km
=Bicycle 2,5 km
=Pedelec 4 km
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Cycling Based European Project CityLog in Berlin
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Source: SenStadtUm Berlin / J. Menge
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new: challenge of bicycle parking quantities
in dense housing areas
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Ideas for charging & anti-theft facilities in cities
Pedelecs‘ different needs compared to e-cars (charging, theft?
Issues of safe parking volumes in urban areas
„Solar filling station“ in protected environment?
New ideas for „e-lock“ combination
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Pedelec sound infrastructure – in „shop-window e-mobility Berlin“
„500 Pedelecs substitute commuter cars“
Quicker cycle routes
Safe parking at S-Bahn stations
Mobility management in companies
www.nrvp.de/pedelec/schaufensterprojekt
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„Cycling Expertise“ files on www.nrvp.de/en/cye
(40 files for download, newsletter in English)
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Sustainable Urban
Mobility Plans SUMP www.mobilityplans.eu
… in future an integration
with Sustainable Energy
Action Plans (SEAP)?
- similar visions, objectives
- overlapping stakeholder
constellations
- both supported by IEE
www.managenergy.net
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Jörg Thiemann-Linden
++49.30.39001-138
Difu – German Institute of Urban Affairs
Zimmerstrasse 13-15, 10969 Berlin
Thank you
for your attention.
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