integrating environmental issues into spatial planning - local plans in sabah environmental local...

Integrating Environmental Issues into Spatial Planning - Local Plans in Sabah

Environmental Local Planning (ELP) ProjectTown and Regional Planning Department, Sabah Danida, Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs

SANDAKAN DISTRICT & LOCAL PLANNING



Sandakan District Boundary

Area: 2,266 square kilometres



Sandakan District Project Organisation Level

SANDAKAN DISTRICT LOCAL PLAN WORKING GROUP (SDLP WG)

Awareness Raising & Public Participation

Task Force (AW&PP TF)

Spatial Planning

Task Force(SP TF)

Environmental Planning

Task Force(EP TF)



Population Change 1991-2000

Darker colours represent larger increases

Dotted areas show declines in population in outlying areas and also in parts of the CBD

Source: Department of Statistics, KL



Population Density 1991 & 2000

1991 2000

Darker colours show higher densities. Notice growth along Labuk Road up to Mile 32 Source: Department of Statistics, KL



Population and Land Requirements



Land Requirements

From 2000 – 2010An extra

1663 Hectares

From 2010 – 2020Another

2911 Hectares

Boxes show the actual size of land that might be required by a Trend

Projection



Major Planning Issues

Water Supply Approximately 16 – 20 million litres per day (mld) obtained

from Sandakan boreholes and river intakes. An extra 60 mld is obtained from Kinabatangan District. Total 76 mld.Source: 1st Spatial Planning Task Force 2nd April 2002.

A decision needs to be made on how to protect the recharge and escarpment areas for the boreholes close to the town centre or whether to rely even more on Kinabatangan in future for the increased demand.

Needs of Kinabatangan District also to be considered: both urban and rural demand.



LegendRecharge Areas

Proposed Service Reservoir

Sibuga River Intake (Closed)

Sibuga Treatment Plant

Clear Water Reservoir

Batu Sapi Reservoir

Kebun Cina Intake (Closed)

Batu Lima Intake

Batu Lima Reservoir

Hilltop Reservoir

Old Treatment Plant

Tanah Merah Reservoir

Kinabatangan Transmission Main

Recharge Areas

Proposed Service Reservoir

Sibuga River Intake (Closed)

Sibuga Treatment Plant

Clear Water Reservoir

Batu Sapi Reservoir

Kebun Cina Intake (Closed)

Batu Lima Intake

Batu Lima Reservoir

Hilltop Reservoir

Old Treatment Plant

Tanah Merah Reservoir

Kinabatangan Transmission Main





Dump Site Management Problems (lack of funding means no topsoil

covering or supervision) Large area remaining (10 out of 100 hectares used) New area would suffer from same management problems Long-term future site to be identified



Potential

SiteLocation

GAM Rating

Search Volume

hectares

%

A Sungai Manila

1 8,503 3.90

B Senawang 2 7,723 3.54

C Ulu Dusun 4 8,044 3.69

D Segaliud 6 8,064 3.70

E Gomantong 3 13,857 6.35

F Suan Lamba

5 11,082 5.08

Total Potential Search Area 57,273 26.26

Total eliminated area 160,927

73.74

Total (Sandakan District – Land Area) 218,200

100%





BDC Potential to transform the former

settlement (and its foreshore) into a showcase development in a strategic growth area

Plans could include a reclaimed area with pedestrian seaside promenade linking commercial, residential & entertainment activities.

Possible ideas include Theme Park and/or Aquarium.

Hotels could include convention facilities as a future attraction.



What should be the future of BDC?



Seguntor Industrial Area

Integrated Wood Complex (ITC) 1,025 ha

General Industrial Area (932 ha)

54 factories in ITC 21 activities outside ITC

Planning Issue: Finding a Good Balance

between Development Needs and having a Sustainable Environment




What should be the future for Seguntor River?




Waste Water Treatment Currently 3 areas with only one connected to a

central treatment plant (50,000 persons) New developments should incorporate waste

water treatment and disposal Longer term policy to sewer all existing

development



Future Economic Base

Nature TourismSepilok Forest Reserve and Safari Walk, Fish Ponds, Selingan Island, Berhala, Labuk Resort, Batu Sapi. Gateway to Sukau, Gomantong, Batu Putih (Kinabatangan)

Historical TourismAustralian Memorial Park, Agnes Keith’s House, Places of Worship, Historical Trail.

TourismPotential to keep visitors here for several days.

Requires more marketing & support from tour operators and KK/chain hotels. Develop a major theme park or other types of recreational activity?

EducationPotential for Tertiary Education. Research Institutes (Agriculture, Marine). Universities and Polytechnics.

SkillsNeed to keep skilled people in Sandakan and encourage more to settle. Require appropriate employment. Need to link skill development to Sandakan opportunities and activities.

Gateway RoleFor Tourism (Sandakan, east coast islands and Kinabatangan), Trade (eg. BIMP-EAGA), Education (to develop and share skills). Fisheries Centre.



Future Economic Base

Oil PalmMore than 40% of the District is already covered by oil palm.There is potential to increase the value added processing in the area. Dangers of a one-crop economy. Tourism links with tours of oil palm mills.

AgricultureDiversification into other cash and food crops. Forest products? Organic Farming? Local specialities. Reputation for exotic fish. Offshore fishing links with tourism.

SupportNeed to develop roads, hospitals (public and private), improved solid waste disposal to encourage facilities and industry etc. Better regional infrastructure, including improved port access.

New MarketsSandakan is a small market for goods and services. Any new enterprises will need new Asian and overseas markets. Tourism needs to be promoted more widely and more selectively.



Development Alternatives

Sandakan General Structure Plan 2000 (completed 1984) is still valid.

Strategic guidance for the development of Sandakan.

Three alternative spatial patterns Satellite growth (decentralisation) Linear growth (along Labuk Road) Consolidated growth (infill & expansion)



Alternative 1: Satellite Growth

Alternative 1b: Ladang Sadac, Mile 11 Labuk Rd

Alternative 1a: Gum Gum at Mile 16 Labuk Road

Source: Sandakan General Structure Plan 2000 (1982-84)

LIVING AREAS

INDUSTRIAL AREAS

COMMERCIAL/RETAIL

PRIMARY ROADS



Alternative 1: Satellite Growth

Advantages All development is new so benefits from comprehensive planning Land costs low as satellite in rural area; When developed it would bring services closer to rural hinterland; Reduced congestion overall if employment attracted to satellite.

Disadvantages Difficulties in attracting population and employment (commuting); Existing area needs to be already “full up” to provide the push; Expensive/long work journeys if it becomes a “dormitory” town. Expensive and extensive new infrastructure/services



Alternative 2: Linear Growth

Source: Sandakan General Structure Plan 2000 (1982-84

LIVING AREAS

INDUSTRIAL AREAS

COMMERCIAL/RETAIL

PRIMARY ROADS



Alternative 2: Linear Growth

Advantages Ribbon development like a string of beads Cost efficient on provision of infrastructure Easily served by mass public transport;

Disadvantages Focuses all attention on one road to exclusion of others; Length of time for journeys & potential for congestion; Centre replaced by a series of sub-centres (no centre of

attraction)



Alternative 3: Consolidated Growth

Source: Sandakan General Structure Plan 2000 (1982-84

LIVING AREAS

INDUSTRIAL AREAS

COMMERCIAL/RETAIL

PRIMARY ROADS



Alternative 3 : Consolidated Growth

Advantages Does not depend on minimum population as basic infrastructure

and services already provided; Current private development expectations are not frustrated; Travel to work/shops/facilities minimised for majority of residents; Cost efficient use of existing infrastructure.

Disadvantages Difficult/expensive to find good sites for schools/other facilities; Planning for low-cost housing conflicts with owner aspirations; Phasing difficult as development random & covers whole town.



The Future for Sandakan?

First Protect what is Important

Produce a Balanced Plan with Space for All

Different Strategy = Different Developments



Opportunities

SepilokMore use of Sepilok Laut Chalets and the forest walk.(day and night).

Need to continue protection of the area and avoid overuse. Links to both Labuk Road and Sandakan Bay.

Growth AreasPotential to develop new areas to the north and west of Sandakan. See the Board covering Alternatives. Proposals need to ensure that new areas have a focus rather than being urban sprawl. The current Structure Plan (shown here) examined this option in 1984.

Historical SitesThere is increasing visitor interest in history and culture which can also serve to educate local people.



Sandakan BayPotential to develop the Bay and its shoreline for tourism activities. Possible restaurants, sunset cruises, more use of water links to Sepilok and Sukau. Need to retain the remaining mangrove buffer shown (dark red) on the satellite picture opposite.

OpportunitiesTurtle IslandsNeed to analyse and group islands into those which can accommodate growth and those which should be protected. A range of zoning options could be developed allowing different activities.

Kinabatangan AreaAlthough not part of the Sandakan District Plan, any proposals for the area will have a major impact on Sandakan’s role as the gateway to the Kinabatangan.



Awareness-Raising & Public Participation

integrating environmental issues into spatial planning - local plans in sabah environmental local...

Documents

spatial planning local

regional planning department

environmental issues

sabah danida

department of statistics

town centre

strategic growth area

kinabatangan district