integration of accessibility requirements in the design of multimedia user agents interfaces
TRANSCRIPT
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
María González
PhD Program in Computer Science and Technology
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
Advisor: PhD. Lourdes Moreno
Content
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Introduction
• State of the art
• Proposal
• Validation
• Conclusions and Future Work
• Research and Development projects
• Results´ dissemination
• References
2
Introduction
Motivation (I)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Multimedia content is being increased at staggering
rates due to Web 2.0, social media, etc Great
increase in the number and types of users
• Great number of people with disabilities who want to
access this content
3
Introduction:
Motivation (II)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• The failure to comply with accessibility standards
• There are accessibility barriers within:
Content: lack of alternatives like captions or audio
description
Software from which content is accessed: lack of
mechanism to access these alternatives
4
Content Software
• Software Engineering’s (SE)
Methodological design solution
• Human-Computer Interaction’s (HCI)
Standards which study the interaction between a user
and a user agent
Introduction:
Context
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
5
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Introduction:
Objectives
6
• The aim is to offer a design solution of user agents which
delivers video content fulfilling significant requirements
following accessibility standards
A design solution that includes accessibility
requirements in user agents using Model-Based
Development (MBD) is proposed
• Accessibility and disability
• Accessibility standards and regulations
• Media players and accessibility
• User interfaces design
• Related work
• Discussion
State of the art:
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 7
• Disabilities which affect Web access:
Visual disabilities
Hearing impairments
Physical disabilities
Speech disabilities
Cognitive and neurological disabilities
Multiple disabilities
Aging-related condition
State of the art:
Accessibility and disability
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 8
• Web content WCAG 2.0 [1] of WAI [2]
How to make Web content more accessible Guideline 1.2 Time-based Media
Standard (ISO/IEC 40500:2012 [3]) since 2012
Different initiatives in many countries
• User agent UAAG 2.0 [4] of WAI
How to make user agents accessible to people with disabilities
How to increase the accessibility of Web content
ISO 9241-171 [5] Guidance on software accessibility
State of the art:
Standards and regulations (I)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 9
• 21st Century Communications and Video
Accessibility Act (CVAA) of 2010 [6]
New guarantees to ensure that people with
disabilities do not fall behind as the technology
changes and advances
• EN 301 549 V1.1.1: accessibility requirements
regarding ICT [7]
Functional accessibility requirements regarding
ICT products and services
• Guidance on Applying WCAG 2.0 to Non-Web ICT
(WCAG2ICT) [8]
Literature review:
Standards and regulations (II)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 10
• Observatory of media player evolution:
First generation: Flash
Cross-browser compatibility, power and flexibility in video playback
Require a plugin, longer loading time
Second generation: HTML5 [9]
• W3C Recommendation since October 2014
• Provide accessibility support
• Study of CCPlayer, BBC iPlayer and YouTube [10]
• Media players which support accessibility: JW Player, BSPlayer, VideoLan, Acorn Media Player or Able Player
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Literature review :
Media players and accessibility
11
• Model-based user interface design
Main models [11]:
Task Model
Domain Model
User Model
Dialog Model
Presentation Model
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Literature review:
User interfaces design
12
General architecture of a model-based user interface design [11]
• Model Driven Development
Levels of abstraction [12]
CIM
PIM
PSM
(IM) – Code
Vertical transformations [13]
CIM to PIM
PIM to PSM
PSM to Code
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 13
Literature review:
User interfaces design
Model Driven Architecture [12]
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• MBUID Methodologies
TRIDENT [14]
Wisdom [15]
IDEAS [16]
CAMELEON [17]
Literature review:
User interfaces design
14
Simplified version of Cameleon Reference Framework [18]
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Literature review:
User interfaces design
• User Interface Description Languages (UIDL) [19]
USIXML [20]
XIML [21]
UIML [22]
MARIA [23]
15
Ind
epen
den
ce Device
Platform
Interaction modality
Implementing technology
• Study of accessibility requirements: (Moreno et al., 2008), (Moreno et al., 2011), (Brunet el al., 2005), etc
• Improve content accessibility: (Federico and Furini, 2012), (Wald, 2011), (Hughes et al., 2015), etc
• User Interface Design approach:
MDD: (Stanciulescu et al., 2005), (Stanciulescu, 2008), (Link et al., 2008), etc
Model-based: (Chesta et al., 2004), (Melchior et al., 2011) , (Rodriguez et al., 2007), etc
Adaptive user interfaces: (Miñón et al., 2013), (Peissner et al., 2012), (Giani et al., 2012), (FP7 Serenoa Project, 2013), etc
• According to the development of a graphical editor: (Mori et al., 2004), (Creissac et al., 2011), (Montenegro Marin et al., 2011), etc
Literature review:
Related Work
16 Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Extensive regulation on accessibility
What is the problem?
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Literature review:
Discussion (I)
17
Without accessibility in content and in
user agent
Failure to comply
with standards
- Lack of awareness
- Lack of knowledge
- Not oriented to be integrated in a development process
• All these lacks cause
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Literature review:
Discussion (II)
18
PhD Proposal
Accessibility requirements
selection
Abstraction of requirements
A Design Proposal based
on models
Proposal:
Methodological approach
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
1
• List of accessibility requirements regarding Media Player following Accessibility Standards.
2
• Model-based Design approaches using a User Interface Description Language (UIDL)
3
• Development of a Model-based Graphical Editor that facilitates the Design
Fin
al U
ser In
terfa
ce: A
n
Accessib
le M
ed
ia P
layer
(C2):WORKSPACE
(C1):ACCESSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS
19
(C3):PROOF OF CONCEPT
OBJ.
OBJ.
Proposal (Contribution 1):
Accessibility requirements (I): Native
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Name
Description
Subgroup
Source
ISO UAAG 2.0
Play Play the video content Playback 10.8.2 2.11.6
Stop Stop the video content Playback 10.8.2 2.11.6
Pause Pause the video content Playback 10.8.2 2.11.6
Resize Resize the viewports Size 10.5.8 1.8.3
Mute Enable or disable the audio content Volume 10.6.2 1.5.1
Volume Adjust the volume Volume 10.6.2 1.5.1
20
(González-García et al, 2011) INTERACCIÓN 2011, INTERACT 2011
Proposal (Contribution 1):
Accessibility requirements (II): Additional
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Name
Description
Subgroup
Source
ISO UAAG 2.0
Rewind Delay seconds within a playback Playback 10.8.3 2.11.7
Forward Forward seconds within a playback Playback 10.8.3 2.11.7
Caption Enable or disable captions Alternatives 10.1.3, 10.7.2 1.1.2
Audio Description Enable or disable audio description Alternatives 10.1.3 1.1.2
Size Change the size of the captions Alternatives 10.7.3 1.4.1
Font Change the font of the captions Alternatives 10.7.3 1.4.1
Colour Change the colour of the captions Alternatives 10.7.3 1.4.1
Language Caption Change the language of the captions Alternatives 8.2.1 2.7.1
Language Audio Change the language of the audio
description
Alternatives 8.2.1 2.7.1
Help Help documentation about accessibility
features
Help 11.1.5
3.3.2
Find Search within playback captions Find 2.4.5
21 (González-García et al, 2011) INTERACCIÓN 2011, INTERACT 2011
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Requirements’ modeling using a UIDL and
Cameleon Reference Framework
Proposal (Contribution 2):
Model-based Development
• Interaction between a user and a user agent
Task Model
• Interaction elements structure Abstract User Interface
(AUI)
• Concretize an AUI for a given context of use
Concrete User Interface (CUI)
• Operational user interface on a particular computing platform
Final User Interface (FUI)
22
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 23
Proposal (Contribution 2):
Approaches
Cameleon
UsiXML
Task Model
AUI Model
CUI Model Model driven
graphical editor
FUI Model
MARIA
Task Model
AUI Model Adaptation
rules Model-based
graphical editor FUI Model
Proposal (Contribution 2):
First approach (I)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
24
- UIDL: UsiXML
- Approach: MDD
UAAG 2.0 ISO 9241-171
Abstract user
interface
Task & Domain
Final user
interface
Tran
sfo
rmat
ion
ru
les
Requirements
Concrete user
interface
Model driven Graphical
editor
Related Work
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Task Model: CTT notation [24]
IdealXML [25]
• AUI:
IdealXML
Abstract Container (AC)
Abstract Individual Components (AIC): input, output, control
and navigation
AUI Relationships
Proposal (Contribution 2):
First approach (II)
25
(González-García et al, 2015) UAIS (Universal Access in the Information Society)
(González-García et al, 2012) DSAI’2012
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• CUI:
Concrete Interactor Objects
Concrete Relationships
• Model-based Graphical Editor:
Eclipse [26]: EMF and GMF
Proposal (Contribution 2):
First approach (III)
26
In order to guide in the design of accessible user agents
which deliver video content due to problems of the lack of
expertise in MDD, CUI Meta-models of UsiXML and
accessibility => Model driven Graphical Editor
Lab Demo
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• FUI:
From CUI through Graphical Editor
An example of FUI is presented:
CUI’s design primitives are mapped into HTML5 methods
Proposal (Contribution 2):
First approach (IV)
27 (González-García et al, 2013) JUCS (Journal of Universal Computer Science)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Proposal (Contribution 2):
Second approach (I)
28
Cameleon
UsiXML
Task Model
AUI Model
CUI Model Model driven
graphical editor
FUI Model
MARIA
Task Model
AUI Model Adaptation
rules Model-based
graphical editor FUI Model
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Proposal (Contribution 2):
Second approach (II)
29
UAAG 2.0 ISO 9241-171
Abstract user
interface
Task & Domain
Final user
interface
Tran
sfo
rmat
ion
ru
les
Requirements
Concrete user
interface
Model-based Graphical
editor
Related Work
Ad
aptatio
n ru
les
FUI_adaptation_rule_1
FUI_adaptation_rule_2
FUI_adaptation_rule_3
FUI_adaptation_rule_4
- UIDL: MARIA
- Approach: MBD
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Task Model:
Same Task Model CTTE [27]
• AUI:
MARIAE [28]
Presentations
• Interactor Compositions: grouping, relation, composite
description and repeater
• Interactors: selection, edit, only output and control
• Adaptation rules ECA rules (action, condition, event)
based on type of access/user groups
Proposal (Contribution 2):
Second approach (III)
30
Selection Single Choice
Edit Numerical
Control Navigator
Control Activator
LanguageAudio, Size, Color, Font and LanguageCaption
Volume Find and Help Play, Stop, Rewind, Forward, Resize, Mute, AudioDescription and Caption
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
• Analysis of types of access and user groups with disabilities
Proposal (Contribution 2):
Second approach (IV)
Types of access / groups with disabilities
Resources necessary to access
Required accessibility elements (CUI design primitives) Rule Code
Access visual and auditory/ simplified user interface
(essential) Playback and volume elements
Buttons: Play, Stop, Rewind, Forward and Mute Slider: Volume
1
Access visual / Auditory impairment
Playback, help, volume and caption elements
Buttons: Play, Stop, Rewind, Forward, Mute and Caption Select menu: Font, Color, Size and LanguageCaption Navigator: Find and Help Slider: Volume
2
Access Auditory / Visual impairment
Playback, help, volume and audio description elements
Buttons: Play, Stop, Rewind, Forward, Mute and AudioDescription Select menu: LanguageAudio Navigator: Help Slider: Volume
3
Access visual and auditory/ user interface with all the elements
Playback, help, volume, caption* and audio description** elements
Buttons: Play, Stop, Rewind, Forward, Mute, Caption* and AudioDescription** Select menu: Font*, Color*, Size*, LanguageCaption* and LanguageAudio** Navigator: Find* and Help Slider: Volume
4/5
31
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Proposal (Contribution 3):
Authoring tool support (I)
32
In order to facilitate the design of a user agent which
delivers video content to experts and no experts in the field
of modeling or even accessibility and integrate adaptation
rules => Model-based Graphical Editor
Previous knowledge
Specific technology
UAAG 2.0
ISO 9241-171
Requirements
Related Work
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Proposal (Contribution 3):
Authoring tool support (II)
33
• Review: Standards (previous and ATAG 2.0) and accessible
software technology (Java)
• Requirements: Functional and non-functional
Editor
Design view
Palette
Development view
Media player
Contextual help
Menu
Lab Demo
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Proposal (Contribution 3):
Authoring tool support (III)
34
(González-García et al, 2015) ASSETS 2015
Validation:
Points to validate
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 35
H1
• Accessibility Requirements are sustained at abstraction levels of Cameleon Reference Framework
H2 • The design solution based on models allows
accomplishing the media player design
H3 • The model-based graphical editor allows the
generation of an accessible media player
TO EVALUATE
CONTRIBUTION 2
TO EVALUATE
CONTRIBUTION 1
TO EVALUATE
CONTRIBUTION 3
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 36
Validation:
How to validate (I)
H1
• Check if accessibility requirements and their semantic will be satisfied according to design primitives and relationships at each of the abstraction levels of Cameleon Reference Framework
Native Additional
Play/Pause, Stop, Resize, Mute and Volume
Rewind, Forward, Caption, AudioDescription, Size, Font, Color, LanguageCaption, LanguageAudio, Help and Find
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 37
Validation:
How to validate (II)
H2 • Lab demos will be accomplished using this proposal and its
integration in the research project
Cameleon
UsiXML
Task Model
AUI Model
CUI Model Model driven
graphical editor
FUI Model
MARIA
Task Model
AUI Model Adaptation
rules Model-based
graphical editor FUI Model
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 38
Validation:
How to validate (III)
H3
• An exploratory study oriented to prove that the model-based graphical editor can be used by every professional independently of her/his knowledge about accessibility or modeling
Exploratory study
Participants 14
Stimuli Model-based graphical editor
Procedure Information
Task accomplishment
Survey
User experience
Task accomplishment
Personal data
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 39
Validation:
Results (I)
H1
• Transform accessibility requirements through the different models of Cameleon
• The positive results of the user agent accessibility assessment obtained when the graphical editor is used
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 40
Validation:
Results (II)
H2
• The models provided fulfil their objectives.
• The two lab demos accomplished using the graphical editor of each approach
• The integration of this proposal in a research project
UsiXML MARIA
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 41
Validation:
Results (III)
H3
• Qualitative data obtained from the justifications of the closed questions
• Quantitative data obtained from the user experience and the accomplishment of the tasks
(100%) Task accomplishment responding to the necessities
(~28%) Use of profiles
(100%) Easy to use
(~7%) Use of contextual help
(100%) Recommend the use of the graphical editor
(100%) Technical participant agreed on the editor’s usefulness
Time of accomplishing tasks
Qualities: technical or human; complex or simple; impractical or practical; tricky or direct; umpredictable or predictable; confusing or clear; dificult to control or manageable
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 42
Validation:
Results (IV)
H3
• Qualitative data obtained from the justifications of the closed questions
• Quantitative data obtained from the user experience and the accomplishment of the tasks
4,286
6,357 6,214 6,357 6,071 6,643 6,714
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Mar
k
Quality
Lowest mark
Highest mark
Average
Average time of accomplishment of the tasks Results of the user experience questionnaire
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
Task2Task3
Task4
2,36
1,71 1,57
Tim
e (
min
ute
s)
Average time (minutes) / task
• Due to the great amount of multimedia content delivered
on the Web, it is crucial that the content and software
which provides it have to be accessible
• Objectives which are being tackled:
Perform a literature review
Create methodological design approach
• Contributions which are being obtained:
Accessibility requirements
Workspace: Model-based Design approaches oriented to
experts in modeling
A graphical editor oriented to designers who are not
experts in modeling neither in accessibility
Conclusions
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 43
• Integrate a UCD approach
• Incorporate different platforms with new interaction
modalities
• Spread the scope of the graphical editor
• Update this proposal according to the evolution of
accessibility standards
• Provide an extension of the Doctoral Thesis proposal with
an adaptive approach
• Incorporate new accessibility requirements
Future work
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 44
• This work has been influenced and has been partially
supported by
The Regional Government of Madrid under the Research
Network MA2VICMR [S2009/TIC-1542]
The Spanish Ministry of Education under the project
MULTIMEDICA [TIN2010-20644-C03-01]
The European Commission Seventh Framework
Programme under TrendMiner project [FP7- ICT287863]
The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
under eGovernAbility project [TIN2014-52665-C2-2-R]
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces 45
Research and Development
projects
• Moreno, L., González-García, M., Martínez, P., and Iglesias, A. 2011. A
study of accessibility requirements for media players on the Web. 14th
International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCII 2011),
Orlando, Florida, USA, July, 2011, LNCS, 6765, pp. 249-257.
• Moreno, L., Martínez, P., Iglesias, A., and González-García, M. 2011,
HTML5 support for an accessible user-video-interaction on the Web,
INTERACT 2011. Lisboa, Portugal, September, 2011, LNCS, Springer,
6949/2011, pp. 535-539.
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., Martínez, P., and Iglesias, A. 2011.
Requisitos de accesibilidad web en los reproductores multimedia,
Interacción 2011. Lisboa, Portugal, September, 2011, pp. 43-53.
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., Martínez, P., and Iglesias, A. 2011. Web
accessibility requirements for media players, INTERACT 2011. Lisboa,
Portugal, September, 2011, LNCS, 6949, pp. 669-674.
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Results’ dissemination:
Accessibility requirements
46
• González-García, M., Miñon, R., Moreno, L., Martínez, P., and Abascal, J.
2013. A model-based graphical editor to design accessible media players.
Journal of Universal Computer Science, Volume19, Nº 18, pp. 2656-2676.
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., and Martínez, P. 2015. Approach design
of an accessible media player. Universal Access in the Information Society,
Springer, Volume 14, Number 1, pp. 45-55. DOI: 10.1007/s10209-013-0342-
z.
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., and Martínez, P. 2015. A Model-Based
Tool to develop an Accessible Media Player. ASSETS '15, Lisboa, Portugal,
October, 2015.
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., and Martínez, P. 2014. Adaptation rules
for Accessible Media Player Interface. Interacción 2014, Puerto de la Cruz,
Tenerife, Spain, September, 2014, Article Nº 5.
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
Results’ dissemination:
Methodological design approach (I)
47
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., and Martínez, P. 2014. Integration of
Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents
Interface. The first ACM womENcourage Conference, Manchester, United
Kingdom, January, 2014.
• González-García, M., Moreno, L., and Martínez, P. 2012. An approach to
User Interface Design of an accessible user agent. DSAI 2012, Douro
Region, Portugal, July, Elsevier, 14, pp. 254-262.
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
48
Results’ dissemination:
Methodological design approach (II)
References (I)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
[1] WCAG 2.0. 2008. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0. http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/.
[2] WAI. 2010. Web Accessibility Initiative. http://www.w3.org/WAI/.
[3] ISO. 2012. International Organization for Standardization, ISO 40500:2012, Information technology -- W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0). http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=58625.
[4] W3C. 2013. User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 2.0. http://www.w3.org/TR/UAAG20/.
[5] ISO. 2008. International Organization for Standardization, ISO 9241-171:2008, Ergonomics of human-system interaction (Guidance on software accessibility). http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=39080.
[6] CVAA. 2010. Federal Communications Commission, Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act. http://www.fcc.gov/guides/21st-century-communications-and-video-accessibility-act-2010.
[7] ETSI. 2014. EN 301 549 V11.1, Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT products and services in Europe. http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/301500_301599/301549/01.01.01_60/en_301549v010101p.pdf.
[8] W3C. 2015. Guidance on Applying WCAG 2.0 to Non-Web Information and Communications Technologies (WCAG2ICT). http://www.w3.org/TR/wcag2ict/.
[9] W3C, HTML5. 2014. A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML. http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/.
[10] Moreno, L., González-García, M., Martínez, P., and Iglesias, A. 2011. A study of accessibility requirements for media players on the Web. 14th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCII 2011), Orlando, Florida, USA, July, 2011, Springer Computer Science Editorial, Volume: LNCS 6765, pp. 249-257.
[11] Schlungbaum, E. 1996. Model-based User Interface Software Tools. Current state of declarative models. GVU Technical Report; GIT-GVU-96-30. Georgia Institute of Technology. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/3516.
[12] Truyen, F. 2006. WhitePaper: The Fast Guide to Model Driven Architecture. The Basics of Model Driven Architecture. http://www.omg.org/mda/mda_files/Cephas_MDA_Fast_Guide.pdf.
[13] Kardoš, M. and Drozdová, M. 2010. Analytical Method of CIM to PIM Transformation in Model Driven Architecture (MDA). Journal of Information & Organizational Sciences, Volume 34, Issue 1, Pages: 89-99.
[14] Bodart, F.,Hennebert, A.M., Leheureux, J.M., Sacre, I., and Vanderdonckt, J. 1993. Architecture Elements for Highly-Interactive Business-Oriented Applications. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 153, L. Bass, J. Gornostaev & C. Unger (éds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 83-104.
[15] Nunes, N., and Cunha, J. 2000. Wisdom: a UML based Architecture for Interactive Systems. In Interactive Systems: Design, Specification, and Verification. 7th International Workshop DSV-IS, Limerick, Ireland, June, 2000. Ph. Palanque and F. Paternò (Eds.). LNCS Vol. 1946, Springer.
[16] Lozano, M.D., Montero, F., and González, P. 2004. Usability and Accessibility Oriented Development Process. Actas de la I Jornada sobre Metodologías de Desarrollo de Interfaces de Usuario Dinámicas.
[17] Calvary, G., Coutaz, J., Bouillon, L., Florins, M., Limbourg, Q., Marucci, L., Paternò, F., Santoro, C., Souchon, N., Thevenin, D. and Vanderdonckt, J. 2002. The CAMELEON Reference Framework, deliverable 1.1. http://giove.isti.cnr.it/projects/cameleon/pdf/CAMELEON%20D1.1RefFramework.pdf.
[18] W3C. 2014. Introduction to Model-Based User Interfaces. http://www.w3.org/TR/mbui-intro/
[19] UIDL. User Interface Description Languages, http://www.uidl.net.
[20] USIXML. 2003.USer Interface eXtensible Mark-up Language, http://www.usixml.eu/.
[21] MarcAbrams, M. and Phanouriou, C. 1999. UIML: An XML Language for Building Device-Independent User Interfaces. In Proceedings of XML’99, Philadelphia. December 1999.
[22] Puerta, A. and Eisenstein, J. 2002. XIML: a common representation for interaction data. In Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces (IUI '02). Pages: 214-215. [23] MARIA. 2013. Model-based language for interactive applications. http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/MARIA/home.
49
References (II)
Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces
[24] W3C. 2012. ConcurTaskTrees. http://www.w3.org/2012/02/ctt/
[25] Montero, F., and Lopez, V.M. 2007. Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces V, Springer, Holanda, pp. 245-252.
[26] Eclipse. 2001. www.eclipse.org
[27] CTTE. 2013. ConcurTaskTrees Environment. http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/CTTE/home.
[28] MARIAE. 2013. Model-based language for interactive applications environment. http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/MARIAE/home.
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‘‘Integration of Accessibility Requirements in the Design of Multimedia User Agents Interfaces’’
María González
PhD Program in Computer Science and Technology
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
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