integumentary system
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Integumentary SystemShanna Visarraga and Lacey Branch
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Structure of the Integumentary
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Functions
Protect Prevent water loss Temperature regulation Metabolic regulation Immune defense Sensory receptor Excretion by means of secretion
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Epidermis
Skin color Hemoglobin, melanin, carotene
Thick skin Palms of hands, soles of feet
Thin skin Most of the body
Fingerprints
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Dermis
Papillary layer Dermal papillae Epidermal ridges
Reticular layer “Network”
Stretch marks, wrinkles, and lines of cleavage
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Subcutaneous
Not considered part of the integumentary
Composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue
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Accessory Organs: Nails
Nails
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Nail Disorders
Onychomycosis Fungal infection Treatment: oral fungal
medication
Yellow Nail Syndrome Nail growth thickens and
stops Often a sign of
respiratory disease
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Nail Disorders
Spoon nail Nails are concave
instead of convex Often a sign of iron
deficiency
Beau’s lines Run horizontally across
nail Can be sign of chronic
malnutrition
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Accessory Organs: Hair
Hair Lanugo Vellus Terminal
hair
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Functions of Hair
Protection Heat retention Facial
expression Sensory
reception Visual
identification Chemical
signal dispursal
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Exocrine glands of the skin
Sweat glands Merocrine
▪ Thermoregulation, secretion, and protection
Apocrine▪ Secretes into hair follicles
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Exocrine glands of the skin
Sebaceous Sebum▪ Oily, waxy secretion
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Burns
First Degree Redness, pain,
slight edema Second Degree
Red, blistered, painful
Third Degree Skin loss and
grafting
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Skin Cancer
Basal cell carcinoma Most common Least dangerous Usually on face Appearance is small,
shiny, and enlarges with pearly edge
Treatment: surgical removal
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Skin Cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma Appears on scalp, ears,
lower lip, or back of hand
Red, scaly, and elevated edges
Surgical removal
Note: May metastasize to other parts of body
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Skin Cancer
Malignant melanoma Most deadly Unusual changes in
mole Surgical removalA. AsymmetryB. BorderC. ColorD. Diameter
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Acne
Comedo Open comedo is called a
“black head” Closed is called a “white
head”
Papule Dome-shaped Mixture of white blood
cells, dead cell, and bacteria
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Acne
Nodule Similar to papule Extends into deeper
layers of skin Will cause scarring
Cyst Fluid filled Can become severely
inflamed and painful Will cause scarring
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Integumentary system: the good, the bad, and the ugly