intelligent systems and information society m. gams institut jožef stefan ljubljana university
TRANSCRIPT
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INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND
INFORMATION SOCIETY
M. GamsInstitut Jožef StefanLjubljana University
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Intelligent systems
ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
IN. SOCIETY
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Major AI applications 30 Manufacturing and design30 Business operations25 Finance12 Diagnostics and troubleshooting12 Claims processing and auditing11 Telephony26 SW, military, space …
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Plan
Intelligent systems, agents Artificial intelligenceInformation societyInternet,telecommunicationsHTML, XML, JavaScript, Java, toolsSpeech, communications, multimediaPractical – getting good jobs
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Artificial intelligence
Strong – formal well-defined tasks, chess, Church-Turing thesis, academically
cognitive - weakthe brains are the only truly intelligent system; evolution
Engineering, invisible real-life systems, function (money) over fancy ideas; classical versus intelligent modern systems
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Relations between AI’s
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Intelligent systems
Engineering, invisible intelligencePractical directions, real-life problemsVerified AI methods: rule-based systems, trees,
expert systems, fuzzy systems, neural networks, genetic algorithms, hybrid systems
Intelligent systems simulate human bureaucrats, expert systems simulate experts
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Motivation ISociety /human civilization is evolving into
information society: electronic village, informatization, infosphere, electronic services
People are expensive, computers cheap: computers work 24 hours a day, no vacations, network accessibility is worldwide, only 3% microprocessors in computers, an average car 16 microprocessors, exponential trend (faster, cheaper, more applications)
Intelligent systems are more friendly, more flexible than classical systems (not truly intelligent, just a bit more than classical)
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Motivation II - productivityProductivity increases – more work done with
the same stuff or the same with less stuffNew services – simple reasoning, learning,
adaptation to each single user (on top of faster calculating, fast response time), never frustrated, more constant performance,
Improved quality of work Dumb/rigid classical programs, computers / boring, humans non-constant performers
Cost/benefit favorable for I.s. for some tasks -too difficult for classical, not too intelligent
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Motivation III - benefitsGeneral trends – globalization, decreasing
governmental spending, employment costs Introduction of I.s. enables restructuring –
new functionality, new regulation; e-government = government over the Internet
hard competition- for each workplace, everybody is evaluated constantly, many candidates for important good jobs
Science, development, technology – additional advantage
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Motivation IV - bureaucracy
Specificity of bureaucratic tasks (information tasks) – good and bad:
great number of users, repeating tasks, simple tasks, simple structure of tasks, low level of intelligence needed for typical tasks, mostly predefined
Tasks still demand a certain level of understanding, flexibility and reasoning capabilities
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Motivation V – typical tasks
Small improvement – huge benefits US Internal Revenue Service (15 mio letters each year, after introduction of intelligent systems – no. of mistakes/errors from 33% to 10%; elections
More user friendly – better ratingsInternet is very appropriate for I.s. – always
available, everywhere, …
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Conclusion
Intelligent systems apply AI methods and introduce intelligent services
I.s. combine advantages of computer systems (cost, availability) with some human properties (simple engineering intelligence – learning, adapting, reasoning), and achieve better cost/benefit for several tasks
Especially appropriate for mundane bureaucratic tasks in information society