APPLICATION OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING IN MODERN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

By: Vidya Bharti, Riru Rani, Manjeet Yadav. Hirokjyoti Choudhary, Vinobha Paswan. Parag Das,

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGTEZPUR UNIVERSITY

• Introduction• Background Situation and Significance of Promoting ITS• Intelligent Transportation Technologies• Intelligent Transportation Applications• Benefits of Intelligent Transportation System• References

Outlines

Definition of remote sensing & GIS:

Remote Sensing is an art of obtaining information about an object, without being physical contact with the object.

A Geographical Information System is an organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate ,analyse and display all forms of geographically referenced information.

Introduction of intelligent transportation systems (ITS):

ITS is the integrated application of advanced Technologies using electronics, computers, communications, and advanced sensors. These applications provide important information to travellers while improving the safety and efficiency of the transportation system

Inductive Loop Detection & Sensing Technologies

Video Vehicle Detection

Wireless Communications

Computational Technologies

Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular Data

Intelligent Transport System (ITS) Technologies :

Technology involved in ITS

Wireless Communications:• Radio modem communication on UHF and VHF frequencies are widely used

for short (less than 450 meters) and long range communication within ITS.

Computational Technologies:

Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular Data

• Floating car" or "probe" data collection is a set of relatively low-cost methods for obtaining travel time and speed data for vehicles traveling along streets, highways, freeways, and other transportation routes.

• Broadly speaking, three methods have been used to obtain the raw data:• Triangulation Method• Vehicle Re-Identification• GPS Based Methods

• Floating car data technology provides advantages over other methods of traffic measurement:• Less expensive than sensors or cameras• More coverage (potentially including all locations and streets)• Faster to set up and less maintenance• Works in all weather conditions, including heavy rain

Sensing Technologies• Sensing systems for ITS are vehicle and infrastructure-based networked

systems. Infrastructure sensors are indestructible devices that are installed or embedded in the road or surrounding the road and manually disseminated

Inductive Loop Detection• Inductive loops is placed

in a roadbed to detect vehicles as they pass through the loop's magnetic field and detectors simply count the number of vehicles during a unit of and estimate the speed, length, and weight of vehicles and the distance between them.

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Video Vehicle Detection:

• Video from cameras is fed into processors that analyze the changing characteristics of the video image as vehicles pass. The cameras are typically mounted on poles or structures above or adjacent to the roadway.

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OPERATING PRINCIPLES:

FUNCTIOAL AREAS OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (ITS):

ADVANCED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT.

ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION.

TRAVELLER INFORMATION.

ROUTE GUIDANCE.

COLLISONS AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS.

Some application of intelligent transportation system:

ADVANCED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The call box program provides 24 hour assistance to motorists in trouble, allowing them to report a road hazard, a flat tire or a mechanical breakdown. A private call answering centre handles the calls and can quickly dispatch assistance to clear incidents that cause gridlock and smog.

EMERGENCY CALL BOXES:

Installed at every 2 Km. Pedestal Mounted Protected by Safety

Barriers Location Identification at

Control Centre There by providing

service

VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS(VMS): To provide prior information to Users Mounted on sleek gantries Message Signs controlled and Transmitted from Control

Centre Short and Crisp Messages The information comes from a variety of traffic monitoring and surveillance systems. VMS improve vehicles' route selection, reduce travel time, and provide duration of incidents and improve the performance of the transportation network by providing information on oncoming road,

METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM:

It gives information about the following factors,

Wind Speed Air Temperature Visibility Road Temperature for Road condition.

ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION (ETC)

ETC is a system which allows drivers to automatically pay toll on toll roads without stopping the car. On toll roads there is wireless communication between the device and an antenna installed at the toll booth.

SERVICES Automatic Toll Exchange No Stopping of Vehicle No Cash Transaction

ROUTE GUIDANCE

Route guidance, evacuation guidance, instructions, facility information from the electronic stations, parks etc., can be obtained by the travelers for easy assessment of their destination..

Intersection Collision Warning Obstacle Detection

Lane Change assistance Lane Departure Warning

COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS:

Rollover Warning Road Departure Warning

Forward collision Warning Rear Impact Warning

COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS…….

Information is Generated …

Traffic Sensor

Aerial surveillance

Weather Monitoring

Incident Detection

Transit Location

• Delay• Incident• Road Weather• Next Bus• Traveler Times• Emergency Alerts• Alternate Routes

Sent to Travelers ..

Travelers Respond

Change Route

Change Departure

Time

Change Mode

Change Destination

TRAVELLER INFORMATION :

• Time Savings

• Better emergency response times and services

• Reduced Crashes and Fatalities

• Collision Avoidance

• Increased Customer Satisfaction

• Energy and Environmental Benefits

BENEFIT OF ITS:

Refrences

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision_avoidance_system• http://deity.gov.in/content/intelligent-transportation-system-

its• http://www.etsi.org/technologies-clusters/technologies/

intelligent-transport• http://www.transport-intelligent.net• http://www.advantech.com.tw/ia/newsletter/

Transportation_page2.htm• http://www.civil.engineering.utoronto.ca/research/

transport/its.htm