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Intensity of Cross National HRD Collaboration

-An assessment on Indias Partnership with South East Asia

Dr. Arup Barman, Reader

Deptt. Of Business Administration,Assam mUniversity, Silchar-788011

Phone: +91-99549-12377

Email: [email protected]

Abstract

The days has come that India-ASEAN cooperation and outcomes of it will be

recognize not only by the Asian community but by the entire globe in future. Currently,India is closely collaborating with South East Asian Countries in various fields such as

trade and investment, science and technology, tourism, human resource and infrastructure

development. But, where does India collaborate for HRD, what is the degree of density

and intensity of HRD collaboration with the member countries of South East Asia are theinteresting issues. The present study intends examines the density and intensity of HRD

collaboration between India and eight member countries of South East Asia.

To examine the density and Intensity, the author highlighted the Indias bilateralproject modes through which India is attributed as a partner in HRD Collaboration and an

attempt has been made to quantify the density and intensity of HRD collaboration

between India and select South East Asian Nations.

Key Words: HRD Collaboration, ASEAN, South East Asia, Density, Intensity, HRD Diplomacy,

Knowledge Transfer, Skills Transfer, HRD Transfer

IntroductionThe Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) Programme, the Special

Commonwealth Assistance for Africa Programme (SCAAP), and the TechnicalCooperation Scheme (TCS) under the Colombo Plan, have been recognized as importantcomponents of Indias development partnership and cooperation with the developing

country of the world. These cooperative interactions were aimed at capacity building,skills development, transfer of technology, and sharing of experiences. The usefulness

and relevance of these cooperative interactions was reflected in the increasing number of

participants in these programmes. ITEC has five components: (1) Training in India of

nominees of ITEC partner countries; (2) projects and project related activities such asfeasibility studies and consultancy services; (3) Deputation of Indian experts abroad; (4)

Study Tours. (5) Aid for Disaster Relief (ADR). Under training in India of nominees of

ITEC partner countries, which includes Indonesia & Timor-Leste, training is provided inas many as 250 courses in 50 empanelled-Institutes. Table-1 shows Indias Partnership

for HRD in the globe based on the Annual Report- 2010-2011, of Ministry of External

Affairs.


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Table -1

Indias HRD Collaboration at Global Level

and Skills and Knowledge Transfer

MainP

rogram

NoofCivilian

Trg.Sl

ots

Total

institut

ions

Involved

Course

s

and

programoffered

Total

Number

ofCou

ntries

Areas Covered

(Indias Skills, Knowledge and Capacity

Transfer)

HRD UnderITEC &SCAAP

5,500 46 232

ShortTerm

Courses

159numbers ofdeveloping

countries

Finance & accounts, auditing, banking, education,

planning & administration, parliamentary studies,crime records, textiles, rural electrification, tooldesign, ophthalmologic equipment etc. In addition,general courses pertaining to rural development,

SMEs, and entrepreneurship development

Special

Courseunder ITEC& SCAAP

11

Foot Technology, Solar Energy Technology and

Applications, Wind Turbine Technology, Bio-Energy,Building Programme for Policy Makers and

Negotiators; Leadership Programme for Post Mastersand Managers; Educational Programme for DrugRegulatory Industry; Programme to Familiarize on thePitfalls and Rewards of the WTO; Geographic

Information System;

ColomboPlan

500 32 no ofinstitutes

18 NumberofCountries

ASIA-Pacific

A number of bilateral projects were undertaken for implementation during 2010-2011,

notably in the fields of archaeological conservation, Information and Computer

Technology, and small and medium enterprises. By focusing on setting up of the requisite

physical infrastructure and capacity building to ensure long-term sustainability of theseprojects under the bilateral cooperation programme, many projects are under

implementation included the following: (i) Cambodia: Under the project on conservation

and restoration work at Ta Prohm temple, restoration work by the Archaeological Surveyof India on various sites of the temple advanced further; (ii) Lao PDR: Conservation and

restoration work at UNESCO World Heritage site of Wat Phou is continuing by the

Archeological Survey of India. Under Phase-I of the Information Technology project tostrengthen the IT infrastructure in Lao PDR, Indias commitment to train 30 Laos

students in India was completed, in April 2010; (iii) El Salvador and Nicaragua:

Additional one-year training in ICT Centres commenced in June 2010; (iv) Syria:Installation and commissioning of the ICT Centre in Damascus has been completed in

December 2010, and training commenced; (v) Grenada: An agreement has been signedwith the implementing agency in October 2010, to set up an ICT Centre. The

implementation is underway; (vi) Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Fiji:Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) have been signed for setting up ICT Centres; (vii)

Vietnam: Implementation of a project for setting up an Advance Resource Centre in ICT

has commenced; (viii) Zimbabwe: The project commenced in 2006 in the field of small& medium enterprises and is at an advanced stage of completion. Last phase involving

on-the-job training to the Zimbabweans is ongoing.


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(ix) Indonesia: An agreement was signed with the implementing agency, for undertaking

the project on setting up a Vocational Training Centre in the construction sector. Work inAceh, Indonesia, and project implementation is in progress; (x) Ecuador and Dominican

Republic: Setting up of ICT Centres is under process.

The Background of Research Questions

Indias relations with the countries of South East Asia have traditionally beenclose and warm as we share the common historical and cultural legacy. After the end ofcold war and since introduction of economic reforms in India, there has been renewed

vigour in the relationship of India with the countries of South East Asian region. Indias

Look East policy and countrys potential as a major market have contributed significantlytoward expanding and diversifying Indias relations with the ASEAN region. The

closeness of relationship is reflected in the regular exchange of high level visits, like, the

visits of Presidents of Vietnam (Dec. 1st

to 5th

1999), the visit of the PM Singapore(January 2000), the president of Indonesia (Feb, 2000), and the PM of Cambodia (Feb,

2000) to India, Joint Commission meeting with Vietnam and Laos and the foreign office

consultations with the Philippines, Indonesia, and Australia.

Since its beginning about a decade ago, the partnership between India and theAssociation of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) comprising Brunei, Cambodia,

Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam

has been developing at quite a fast pace. India became ASEANs sectoral dialoguepartner in 1992 and full Dialogue Partner as well as a member of the ASEAN Regional

Forum (ARF) in 1996. The growing ties with ASEAN have further developed in the

recent years. The dialogue partnership ASEAN has enabled India to significantly broadenand diversify its relationship with the ASEAN member countries. The ASEAN member

countries have recognized the positive role that India can play in maintaining peace and

stability in the region.

Currently, India is closely collaborating with South East Asian Countries in

various fields such as trade and investment, science and technology, tourism, humanresource and infrastructure development. India expected to intensify such linkages

further. Through the institutions of dialogue partnership with ASEAN, attempts werebeing made to identify the areas for focus interaction, including formulation of concrete

work programmes and action plan.

Objectives and MethodologyBut, where does India collaborate for HRD, what is the degree of density and

intensity of HRD collaboration with the member countries of South East Asia is aninteresting issue. The present study intends examines the density and intensity of HRD

collaboration between India and eight member countries of South East Asia.

In the present paper, to examine the density and Intensity, first highlighted on the

Indias bilateral project modes through which India is attributed as a partner of HRDCollaboration. In addition, an attempt has been made to quantify the density and Intensity

of HRD collaboration between India and select South East Asian Nations.

India as a Partner of ASEAN Region through HRD CollaborationThe co-operation between India and South East Asian has been began to shape the

developmental dynamics of Asian countries. In this developmental dynamics, the Asian

human resource development collaboration (HRDC) is an interesting but a very less

highlighted theme among the researchers in the field of human resource development.


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Human and social development is the ultimate goal of ASEAN's economic cooperative

activities (http://www.aseansec.org/9709.htm) . Thus, ASEAN continued to place highpriority on its cooperation in science and technology, human resource planning,

education, social welfare, and poverty eradication. In the prioritizing with bilateral and

multilateral collaboration of projects are to be engaged. We can assume, in the

multilateral projects relating development of ASEAN region, the Asian giant India andChina are participating significantly. The central question behind this is an attempt to

understand the intensity of HRD collaboration between India-ASEAN member nations.Now the question arises, does India playing a distinctive role in HRDC? A simplified

analysis on intricacies of HRDC would help us to estimate the prospects of collaborating

nations from the perspective of human resource development. Hence, assessmentASEAN- India HRDC through participatory bilateral and multilateral projects centered

on ASEAN region would help us to make strategies for paired collaborations dynamics

and relationship from interdisciplinary perspectives. From international HRD and from

the regional economic perspective of Asian nations, exploring HRDC between ASEANand neighboring countries would help in understanding the future prospects of

collaboration and shared development leading to ultimate effect on human resourcedevelopment of region.

India-ASEAN HRD through ProjectsThe latest project initiativs for India-ASEAN collaboration highlighted in the

Project-2049 Institute (Parameswara, 2010) seeks to guide decision makers toward amore secure Asia by the centurys mid-point. The organization fills a gap in the public

policy realm through forward-looking, region-specific research on alternative security

and policy solutions. This Project 2049 Institute may prompt HRDC in the gamut ofinterdisciplinary approach drawn on rigorous analysis of socioeconomic, governance,

military, environmental, technological and political trends, and input from key players in

the region, with an eye toward educating the public and informing policy debate.

The India-ASEAN project initiatives significantly prompted since 1995 whenIndia became the full dialogue partner of ASEAN region. From the 1995 to 2005 India-

ASEAN relationship had established several milestones (table-1). With development of

ASEAN-India relationship, Indias participation and collaboration for human resourcedevelopment has been shaped by the various collaborative projects. These projects were

mainly concentrated on the array of cultural, science and technology, educations.

By counting the cooperation with the individual country of South East AsianRegion we would be able visualize the depth of HRDC. Since 1981, India had cordial

relationship with Cambodia and since then India has entered several bilateral treaties and

agreement initiated bilateral projects in the field of fields of trade, science & technology,agriculture, tourism, air services and visa exemption. India has some major projects in the

areas of education, entrepreneurship development and information technology. India hashelped Cambodia in a big way through the ITEC programme. India has a number ofbilateral treaties and agreements with Vietnam in the areas of Consular relations,

Avoidance of Double Taxation, Narcotics, Science & Technology and Culture. India is

helping Vietnam in setting up an Advanced Resource Centre in IT in Hanoi and HRD in

the field of IT in six educational institutions in Vietnam. India proposed in the 4th

India-ASEAN Summit at Kuala Lumpur in 2005 to set up Centres for English Language

Training, tele-medicine and tele-education centers in three states. India and Laos have


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signed a number of agreements and MOUs in the fields of culture, cooperation in

defense, cooperation in science & technology, agricultural cooperation, drugs and illicittrafficking, and exemption of visas for diplomats and officials. India has also set up and

Entrepreneurial Development Centre in Laos, and also sated up an Information

Technology Centre. Malaysian government had been sought the Indian institutions of

higher learning to initiate a joint-research and research centres in Malaysia. India-Malaysia have been collaborating in the area of tourism and facilitating the open skies

agreement without any restrictions for all cargo services between Malaysia and India.Malaysia and India have identified petroleum and gas, processed food, animal feed,

petrochemical, oleo chemicals and medicine as potential sectors for intra industry. Trade

and healthcare, education, IT and telecommunications, financial, tourism, architectural,construction and engineering, distribution and human resource development are other key

areas for collaboration between India and Malaysia. Indian investors should explore

opportunities in medical devices, pharmaceuticals, construction services, biotechnology

and new economic zones, said the Minister, Aziz. India-Singapore HRDC is the result ofvarious joint action plan. India and Singapore is the signatories of a joint action plan on

tourism cooperation. Kumari Selja, minister of tourism and minister of housing and urbanpoverty alleviation, government of India and S. Iswaran, senior minister of state for tradeand industry and education, government of Singapore witnessed the signing by tourism

officials of India and Singapore. The Joint Action Plan reiterates the provisions of

cooperation enshrined in the bilateral agreement on tourism signed between India andSingapore on Jan. 24, 1994. To promote reciprocal visits of media representatives, travel

agents and tourism operators, with the aim to create awareness about tourist attractions in

each others` countries. India-Singapore jointly decided to participate in the tourism fairs

in India and Singapore respectively; consider organizing a Singapore and India week atthe sidelines of tourism fairs; and to promote and encourage human resource

development in tourism and travel related industries by collaborating through exchange

programs for faculties, students and by exchanging information on teaching modules andcurriculum. India-Singapore has formalized science and technology collaboration in the

areas of common interest, such as biotechnology and renewable energy. Recognizing the

importance of human capital and social development has envisaged collaborationbetween various universities on both the sides such as IIT, IISc and the National

University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore. The two

countries shall also recognize the degrees of either. The collaborative activity between

Thailand and India High technology has been augmenting the HRDC significantly.BIOTEC a collaborative program organized the training courses on protein structures

prediction modeling on 4th

to 8th

September 2006. This course was a collaborative effort

with ministry of Foreign Affairs, under the initiative to fosters collaboration betweenThailand and Indian High Technology where 40 Thai participants.

Technology as a Means of HRD CollaborationTechnology collaborations between two countries play the instrumental role for

ensuring HRD collaboration. HRD collaboration is dependent on stages of business and

technology collaboration. Since 1994, to till 2000, for observing the science andtechnology collaboration and HRD collaboration between India and ASEAN region, year

wise dataregarding joint development project were collected. There were no evidencesof such project in the year since 1994 to 2000. In the year 2001, there were three


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numbers of workshops conducted jointly by the ASEAN and India. In the year 2002

ASEAN- India Human Resource Development Program on Bio-informatics has created ahistory of collaborative HRD through the ASEAN-India ties. In the year 2003, ASEAN-

India again hosted the collaborative HRD on the use of Indian Remote Sensing (IRS)

Satellite data. ASEAN- India jointly derived out the mission for co-operation in space

technology and Science & Technology digital library project. During the year 2004 and2005, the ASEAN-India cooperation projects were focused on the Science and

Technology policy as well as technology management through the workshops. Theseindicated about the initiations for HRD collaboration through the Indo-ASEAN-10 ties.

During September 2007, the joint commission meeting of India-Thailand took place at

Bankok. The meeting took a note on the status of science and technology (S&T)cooperation between India and Thailand. Indo-ASEAN science and technology

cooperation has rising to new height. This attempted to create the ASEAN-India Science

and Technology Development Fund with contribution of around Rs. 20 million each from

DST and members of East Asian Nations. This fund will be utilized for Organization ofChildrens Science Congress with participation of ASEAN/ ASEAN member states; and

i) Setting up of a Technology Innovation and Commercialization Centre; ii) Setting up ofInstitute of Intellectual Property Rights; iii) Programme to Create networks on FoodSecurity in the ASEAN Region. Barman and Singh (2009), while in appreciating the

growing interconnection between India and ASEAN-10 mentioned that technology

collaborations of two entities play an instrumental role for human resourcecollaborations. India-ASEAN HRDC through the joint project on science and technology

has influenced on children to the space; general training to the intellectual property rights.

In the context of Indias initiatives for HRDC through science and technology the India

government has been providing 30 (thirty) numbers of scholarship to the bay of BengalInitiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Collaboration (BIMSTEC). For the

Mekong-Ganga Co-operation (MGC) Scheme Indian government is providing 50 (fifty)

numbers scholarships. Under the sunshade of Indian Technical and Education andEconomic Co-operation Programmes (ITEC), India provides technical assistance to 156

countries. One of the important channels of assistance is to train nominees to ITEC

partner countries and sending cultural troops overseas to help introduce and connectforeigners to Indian culture and tradition, thus India is sending cultural troop to

Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnum, Combodia, Lao-PDR, Malaysia and Singapore. The

Colombo plan also sends cultural exchange programs for India-ASEAN science and

technology collaboration to happen. During the decade 1996-2005, Indias participationIndia collaborated ASEAN-HRDC by participating in the workshops, participative

meetings, conferences and training program for science and technology collaboration

with ASEAN region.

India-ASEAN HRDC through Social Development ProjectsIndia-ASEAN collaborations in the social development sector are worthwhile tocomprehend the dynamics of co-operation for human resource development. India

collaborated directly in the joint study program on human resource development during2000-02 with ASEAN member nations. At the same time India also has been

collaborating in human resource training program in social development sector

(http://www.aseansec.org). In support of the economic and social agenda for region, jointR&D projects in strategic and enabling technologies and their applications are in the


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process of emergence. For instance, the ASEAN-India Digital Archive (AIDA) project is

a multi-lingual and multi-cultural archive consisting of fonts, text, voices, pictures andvideo clippings of common words, phrases or events from nine participating member

countries and India (http://www.aseansec.org/9709.htm). It is available on both CD-ROM

and the World Wide Web at http://www.nectec.or.th/sll/aida. The archive is useful in

developing multimedia teaching and learning resources for ASEAN and Indian languagesand cultures. India has entered has signed for millennium development goal under the

Mekong -Ganga Cooperation (MGC) scheme.

India-ASEAN HRDC via Cultural and Educational ProjectsPrimarily, Indias emphasis on economic reforms was delinked from the soft

power from the historical and religious overtones. However, the recent policy statements

and initiatives suggest that India is once again keen on projecting its benign image to theworld in general and South East Asia in particular (Palit,2010). Education and culture

forms an essential segment of diplomatic venture for appealing South East Asia. The

Cultural wing of government of India, Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR)

extends generous scholarships South East Asian countries under the several schemes and

projects. These include the general cultural scholarship scheme (GCSS) of ICCRproviding 55 scholarships to South East Asian Countries. These 55 scholarships go to

ASEAN nations as appeared in the table-2. ASEAN University Network engaged thecollaborative activities with India are mainly in the sphere of human resource

development. It was expected that the ASEAN-India joint HRD collaboration initiatives

would also act as a co-ordination mechanism for various ongoing institutional bilateralcollaborative activities, and in order to bring these activities under the broader

framework of the HRD domain. (www.wikipedia.aseanuniversitynetwork.htm ).

Framework for Analysis on Cross Country HRDCTo adopt a framework of HRDC for the purpose of analysis in the context of

India-ASEAN ties there are dearth of study made by the researcher. Hence to begin the

exploration for building a framework under the constraints we can take the examples ofearlier study on Skills-Asia Pacific. A range of practical activities and programmes

developed by SKILLS-Asia Pacific with and for network members, which would include-

Workshops, seminars, technical meetings on specific activities related to skillsdevelopment;

Research on key skills issues in the region Pilot projects at regional, sub-regional and country level Training courses on specific skills topics Exchange of knowledge, information and training resources between and

among member states with common interest;

Activities to solve common problems; Fellowships or exchange of staff between network members to improve the

level of skills of instructors, administrators, web and computer technicians

etc. opportunities for country-to-country technical assistance and advice.This framework encompasses McLean & McLean proposal for defining the International

HRD and no doubt cover up the collaboration aspects at international level. HRD

collaboration in the context of regional and global integration is still remaining as anunstructured connotation from the standpoint of original HRD concepts and literatures.


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Through the scans of literature available, we can chalk out the framework of HRD

collaboration from comparative and cross national perspective.

Density and Intensity of HRD CollaborationConsidering the framework and contents above on cross national HRD, the

density and intensity of HRD collaboration has been estimated. For estimation, a list of

the identified areas where India has been promoting HRD collaboration with the SouthEast Asian countries was prepared. The total number of listed areas found from all therelevant corners of collaboration was 89, where India has/had collaborating as human

resource developer for the region. Thus eight pairs of collaborating countries were

created (table-2).Then scanned and identified the HRD collaboration areas (documentsTable-4

Intensity of HRD Collaboration between India and South East Asian Nations

Percentage

Low

Collaboration

Intensity

From 13-24%

Aquaculture, Banking, Chemical, Crime Records. Crop Improvement,

Dentistry, Fisheries and Poultry, Financial Management, Footwear,

Fluid Control, Journalism, GIS Technology,

Within 25-37%

Accounts, Finances and Audit Courses, Infrastructure, Irrigation,

Labour Administration, Logistics, Metrology, Medical Bio-

technology, Medicine, Mechanical, Material Management, Mining,

Nano-Technology, Natural Rubber, Nuclear Energy, New Material,

Remote Sensing, Retail, Rural Development, Research, Software

Development, Teacher Training, Telemedicine, Telecommunication,

English Courses, SME and Rural Development, Photo-Electronics,

Pure Science, Solar Energy, Statistical Research, Small Industry,

Science Communication, Traditional Medicinal Research, Tele-

communication, Tool Design, Textile Research, Training on Highways

and Railways, Training and Development, Urban Development,

Veterinary, Vocational Training, Water Resource Development,

Wireless Technology

Mid Intensity Within 50-75%

Advance Material, Agricultural Bio-Technology, Bio-Medical, Bio-

Informatics, Bio-energy, Civil Aviation, Climate Research, Design andDevelopment, Electronic Governance, Educational Planning, Labour

Administration, Engineering, Energy, Environmental Renewable

Energy Courses, Food Technology, Forensic Science and Criminology,

Health Care, IT Enabled Services, Management and Parliamentary

Studies, MassComm, Tourism

High

Intensity of

Collaboration

76-100%

Academic and Education, Cyber-Education, Defence, Electronic

Governance, Electronic Commerce, Entrepreneurship Development,

Human Resource Development, Information Technology (ICT),

Pharmaceutical

reviewed; table -3) where bilateral and multilateral collaboration engagement to prepare a

HRD collaboration matrix (table-2). From the matrix calculated the intensity with help ofpercentage of area of total cooperation. Based on evidences from the documents andsources low intensity, middle and intensity of HRD collaboration for different subjects

were classified (table-4).

Intensity of Indias HRD Collaboration (Country wise)

To identify the intensity of collaboration with select countries of South East Asia

from the collaboration matrix observed the spread of cooperation with each country


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(verticals count of cooperation) table-3. In this table the spread of areas for India

Singapore HRD collaboration as the Top with score =49; India-Indonesia= 27; India-Malaysia= 40; India-Thailand= 37; India-Myanmar= 39; India-Vietnam=40; India-

Lao=30. Thus, order of bilateral HRD collaboration emerge from the matrix as follows-

1stIndia-Singapore HRD Collaboration Intensity= 49:-288x100= 0.1701= 17.01%

2nd

India-Vietnam HRD Collaboration Intensity= 40:-288x100= 0.139= 13.9%3

rdIndia-Malaysian HRD Collaboration Intensity= 40:-288x100= 0.1389= 13.89%

4th

bIndia-Myanmar HRD Collaboration= 39:-288=0.135 x 100= 13.5%5th India-Thailand HRD Collaboration Intensity= 37:-288x100=0.13= 13.00%

6th

India-Lao HRD Collaboration Intensity= 31:-288x100=0.11= 11.0%

7th

India-Indonesian HRD Collaboration Intensity= 27:- 288x100= 0.0937 = 9.37%8th India-Cambodia HRD Collaboration intensity= 20:- 288 x100=0.0694= 6.94%

Contributions and Future Directions for ResearchThe study has tentatively achieved the objectives - where does India collaborate

for HRD, what is the degree of density and intensity of HRD collaboration with the

member countries of South East Asia is an interesting issue. The study intended to

examine the density and intensity of HRD collaboration between India and eight membercountries of South East Asia have been filling the gap of literature on study on HRD

collaboration in the context of Asia. The study on degree perception of participants fromthe collaborating partner country along with an evaluation and measurement of HRD

activities deployed for ensuring HRD collaboration would help in making the HRD

collaboration plan to the country, India. From the perspective of HRD discipline, and

sub-discipline , this an unique type of study to understand cross national HRD fromwhich in near future would promote cross national collaboration for understanding

human resource development from the perspective HRD-diplomacy.

For in-depth study in near future, the study can serve as the guidepost and mayinstigate to generate new ideas of HRD diplomacy in the context of Indias Integration to

the ASEAN region.ConclusionBilateral HRD collaboration no doubt transfers HRD from the donor country to recipient

country. In this case the skills, knowledge, capability transfers through Indian originbilateral projects in the form of bundle of training, and its impacts of the program would

help a lot to conduct further studies. Hence, present study is an eye opener in the context

of the deployment of degree bilateral HRD activities through the bilateral project forcreating strategic relation. In the context integration of HRD in South East Asian nationHRD collaboration plays vital role. The strength of HRD collaboration strengthens the

bilateral relationship. The strength of India-Singapore; India-Malaysia are more because

of trade followed by HRD collaboration strategies adopted and materialized mutually.

Since, the HRD collaboration ensures people to people contract in actual sense of theterm, hence strengthening the India and South East Asian efforts for mutual contribution

for HRD collaboration in future would be more fruitful from regionalization perspective.

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China-ASEAN Education Information Network, Background Information; available at

http://210.40.3.82/en_US/introduce/0/14; browsed on Time: 2009-03-06

Paper-II, Debates in Skills Development; Skill Development Policies and International Co-

operation in East and South East Asia; 2007 Working Group for International Co-operation in

Skill Development, Geneva. (Also available at http://www.norag.org.wg)

Social Development Sector; available at http://www.aseansec.org/

Human and Social Development, at http://www.aseansec.org/9709.htm

Social Development; at http://www.aseansec.org/9765.htm; Browsed on 20.07.2010

A Framework for Cooperation on Skills Development for Asia and the Pacific; 25 November

2005, Draft.

The ASEAN-China, Regional and Sub-Regional Cooperation Workshop, conducted on 1 2 oct

2009 organized by S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) and Nanyang

Technological University Singapore: Funded by China-ASEAN Fund


12/17

Exhibits

Figure-1

Expected Areas and Reveries of Collaboration

Energy

Cooperation

F

ood

Cooperation

Agriculture

and

Plantation

HealthCare

and

Pharmaceutic

Infrastructure

ICT

HRD

,&R&D

Colla

boration

Space,

Resource&

technological

Colla

boration

India

IndianConventio

nal

Energy,

Exploratio

n of Oil

Need boost tofood processing

industry,

Shortage of

Cooking Oil,

importer of

forest product

Need forApplication

of Bio-tech,

knowledge

intensive

activities

Wasinternationa

lly

competitive

in

production

of GenericDrugs,

Was anemerging

competitor

in Railway,

Aviation

and

Commercialization of

Space

Rich inSoftware,

Telecom, Rural

connectivity,

TV. Film and

Entertainment

Can help inHRD in ICT

India is inStrong

Position

Ind

onesia

Indonesian

Expertisein Oil

Exploratio

n, NuclearPower

Sector

Need boost to

food processingSector,

Emerging

Producer ofPalm Oil,

exporter of

forest product

Need for

Applicationof Bio-tech,

knowledge

intensiveactivities

Indonesia is

dependenton imported

drugs

Indonesia

needs toimprove its

railways,

aviation,Space

business

Indonesia

Needs supportfor Software,

Telecom, Rural

connectivity,TV. Film and

Entertainment

Indonesia need

the support forHRD in ICT

Sectors.

Malaysia

Strong in

Energy

Sector

Exporter of

soya bins andPalm Oil

Possesses

considerabl

e strength inR&D

rubber

plantation,

High health

care cost,

drug cost,demand for

Ayurvedic

medicine

Competitive

in

infrastructure

technology

andmanagemen

t

Aimed for ICT

Centre,

multimediasuper corridor

High cost in

medical,

managementand IT

education

Myanmar

Exporter to

India

Need

support for

Hydroelectri

c,

Hydrocarbon and

Natural Gas

Needs

collaboration

for ICT, Space

Science

Need

Resource

mapping,

Forest cove

monitoringof land use,

ground water

Philippines

Importer of

meat, can

collaboratewith Indian

Agriculture

Sector &Research

Demand for

cheaper

drugs, HIV-AIDS

Competitive in

ICT Sectors

equally toIndia, Joint

Software

DevelopmentCentre

Provide linkage

by AIM Manila

and IndianManagement

Institute

Th

ailand

Expertise infood

processing,

deep sea

fishing, marineactivities

Demand for

cheaperdrugs, HIV-

AIDS,

hoped for

collaboration20

Other Areas-TourismDestination, Jewelry selling,

Air Cargo Business of Thailand

Indian Buddhist tourist spots

may attracted to Thai Tourist

ICT staff,

technical andprofessional

manpower I T

Sector17, 19

Vietnam

Strengthen

ing co-operation

in energy

sectors-

nuclear

Power,Mineral,

Oil

Exploration

Competitive

position in foodproduction,

Need research

and bio-

technology

application,need investment

in agro

chemical sector

Could co-operate in

Pharmaceut

icals,

Health

Care, Drugs

Aims todevelop ICT

Need of HRDespecially in the

software sector.


13/17

Table-3 (Documents Reviewed)

HRD through S&T Collaborative Projects

Yr EOC ASEAN-India

2005 1 Development of thermally sprayed Ceramic-Based Coatings.

2 Co-operation in Science and Technology Policy and Technology Management: Workshop in India to share

experiences on Policy and Technology Management.

2004 1 Co-operation on Science and Technology and Technology Management: Workshop in India to Share the

experiences on Science and Technology Policy and Technology Management.

2003 1 Cooperation on Space Technology: training on the use of Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Satellite Data.

2 Extension on ASEAN-India Collaboration on Neodymium Ferro Boron (NdFeB) Magnetic Materials.

3 Mid-Term Review of ASEAN-India co-operation Project on Plant Bio-Technology for Crop Improvement

and Better utilization of Natural Resources.

4 ASEAN Mission to develop a Work Program for ASEAN-India Co-operation in Space Technology.

5 Preparatory Mission to Set Up an ASEAN-India Science and Technology Digital Library.

2002 1 Human Resource Development program for Bio-Informatics.

2 Consultative Meeting on the Establishment of India-ASEAN Institute of Bio-Technology (IAIB).

3 Development of Thermally Sprayed Ceramic Based Coatings.

2001 1 Workshop on Regional Co-operation in Surface Engineering: Review of recent efforts and Prospects forFuture Collaboration to Commercialize the Coating Technologies.

2 Sixth Science and Technology Week: Participation of ASEAN and Indian Scientists at the ASEAN Science

Congress and Technical Conference.

3 Workshop on Managing Technology for Enhancing National Competitiveness-The Role of Governance.

1998 1 Cooperation on Biotechnology: Plant Biotechnology for Crop Improvement and Better Utilization of

National Resources.

1996 1 Digital Archive (Formerly Multimedia in Education: Phase-II)

*EOC= Evidence of Collaboration

Source : http://aseansec.org/14489.htm browsed on 4/29/2010 11.38PM


14/17

Table-4

Intensity of HRD Collaboration and

Areas of HRD Collaboration Matrix(Indias Skills, Knowledge, Capabilty Transfer)

India-

Indonesia

India-

Malaysia

India-

Singapore

India-

Thailand

India

Cambodia

India-

Myanmar

India-Lao

India-

Vietnam

Regional

Collaborative

W

Sectoral(Regional)

CollaborationI

ntensity

Bilateral &

Strategic HRD Collaboration1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8

1Accounts, Finance & Audit

Courses1 1 2

0.25

2 Academic 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1

3 Advance Material 1 1 1 1 40.5

4 Agriculture 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 0.65

5 Aquaculture 1 1 20.25

6 Banking 1 1 1 1 3 0.37

7 Biotechnology 1 1 1 1 1 50.65

8 Bio-Medical 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

9 Bio-Informatics 1 1 1 1 40.5

10 Bio-energy 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

11 Civil Engg. 1 1 1 3 0.37

12 Civil Aviation 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

13 Chemical 1 1 2 0.25

14 Cyber Education 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.9

15 Crime records 1 1 2 0.03

16 Climate Research 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

17 Crops Improvement 1 1 1 3 0.37

18 Dentistry 1 1 2 0.25

19 Design and Development 1 1 1 1 1 5 0.63

20 Defence 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.9

21 Electronic Commerce 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75

22 Education 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75

23 Electronic Governance 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

24Educational Planning and

Administration, Labour Affairs1 1 1 1 4 0.5

24 Engineering 1 1 1 1 1 5 0.63

25 Energy 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

26 Entrepreneurship Development 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75


15/17

27 Finance and Banking 1 1 2 0.25

28Environment and Renewable

Energy Courses1 1 1 1 1 5 0.63

29 Fisheries an d poultry 1 1 2 0.25

30 Financial Management 1 1 1 3 0.37

31 Food Technology 1 1 1 1 5 0.65

32 Footwear 1 1 1 3 0.37

33 Fluid Control 1 1 1 3 0.37

34Forensic science and

Criminology1 1 1 1 4 0.5

35 Journalism 1 1 1 3 0.37

36 GIS Technology 1 1 1 3 0.37

37 Health Science 1 1 1 1 1 50.65

38 Health Care 1 1 1 1 50.65

39 Hydrology , Hydropower 1 1 1 3 0.37

40 Human Resource Development 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1

41 Information Tech 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.9

42 Infrastructure 1 1 1 3 0.37

43 IT-Enabled Services 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

44 Irrigation 1 1 0.13

45 Labour Administration 1 1 2 0.25

46 Logistic 1 1 1 3 0.37

47 Metrology 1 1 1 3 0.37

48 Medical Bio-Technology 1 1 0.13

49 Medicine 1 1 1 3 0.37

50 Mechanical 1 1 3 0.37

51 Management 1 1 1 1 4 0.5

52 Material Management 1 1 2 0.25

54 Mining 1 1 0.13

55 Multi-model Transportation 1 1 1 3 0.37

56 Nano Technology 1 1 2 0.25

57 Natural Rubber 1 1 1 3 0.37

58 Nuclear Energy 1 1 20.25

59 New Material 1 1 2 0.25

60 Pharmaceutical 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75

61 Poultry Management 1 1 0.13

62 Remote sensing and GIS 1 1 2 0.25

63 Retail 1 1 1 0.13

64 Rural Development 1 1 1 3 0.37


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65 Research, 1 1 2 0.25

66 Software Development 1 1 1 3 0.37

67 Teachers Training 1 1 2 0.25

68 Telemedicine 1 1 0.13

69

Telecommunications & English

Courses 1 1 1 3 0.37

70 SME/Rural Development 1 2 0.25

71Parliamentary Studies, Mass

Communication, Statistics, ISI,1 1 1 1 4 0.5

72 Photo Electronic 1 1 0.13

73 Pure Science 1 1 2 0.25

74 Solar Energy 1 1 2 0.25

75 Statistical Research 1 1 0.13

76 Small Industry 1 1 0.13

77 Science Communication 1 1 0.13

78 Traditional Medicinal Research 1 1 1 1 3 0.37

79 Telecommunication 1 1 2 0.25

80 Tool Design 1 1 0.13

81 Textile Research 1 1 2 0.25

82Training on Highways and

Railways1 1 0.13

83 Training and Development 1 1 1 2 0.25

84 Tourism 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.50

85 Urban Development 1 1 2 0.25

86 Veterinary 1 1 0.13

87 Vocational Training 1 1 2 0.25

88 Water Resource Development 1 1 1 3 0.37

89 Wireless Technology 1 1 1 0.13

Total Area Bilateral Collaboration 27 40 49 37 20 39 31 40 288

Intensity of Bilateral collaboration 0.0937 0.1389 0.1701 0.13 0.0694 0.1350.1

1 0.139


17/17

Table-5

High Intensity of Collaboration

Areas of Collaboration

India-Indonesia

India-Malaysia

India-Singapore

India-Thailand

IndiaCambodia

India-Myanmar

India-Lao

India-Vietnam

2 Academic 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1

14 Cyber Education 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.9

20 Defence 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.9

21 Electronic Commerce 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75

22 Education 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75

26 Entrepreneurship Development 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75

40 Human Resource Development 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1

41 Information Tech 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 0.9

60 Pharmaceutical 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.75