interfaces of nuclear safety, security and safeguards in …...challenges faced by malaysia •...
TRANSCRIPT
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Raja Abdul Aziz Raja Adnan
Monalija Kostor
Department of the Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB)
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI)
MALAYSIA
Interfaces
of Nuclear Safety, Security and
Safeguards in MalaysiaNational Nuclear Regulatory Perspectives
Safe, Secured and Safeguarded
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
3S’s Concerns in Malaysia
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Nuclear Perceptions Under the Limelight
Safeguards1983
Security1999
Safety2012
Challenge: Public Perceptions?
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
The Evolution of Information Dissemination
Source: IAEA
Source:
http://www.keepcalm-o-
matic.co.uk/p/keep-calm-
nuclear-bombs-inside/
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Regulatory Evolution IAEA Security 2003Source:
http://www.whisprwave.com/m
arkets/energy/nuclear-reactor-
security/IAEA Safety 1954Source:
http://www.bnl.gov/gars/NNS/n
onproliferation.php
IAEA Safeguards 1971Source: IAEA
Peaceful Technology Enhancement for World Benefits
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Nuclear Regulatory Control: Achieving the Goals
Atomic Energy Licensing BoardAtomic Energy Licensing BoardAtomic Energy Licensing BoardAtomic Energy Licensing Board
“Remaining a relevant regulatory authority with credibility in
radiation and nuclear safety, security and safeguarding its peaceful
uses for national sustainable development.”
The Source
The World
The watchinspector
The State
The
Common
Goal:
Peaceful
Safe
Application
The Players/ authorities
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
The Regulatory Games..Proper Regulatory Control versus The Need for Regulatory Control…..
VS
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Identifying Key Issues
To ensure Safe, Secure and Safeguarded Technology Applications
Nuclear and Other Radioactive Materials
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Key Issues Against ChallengesKey Issues Against ChallengesKey Issues Against ChallengesKey Issues Against Challenges
Technical Expertise
Regulatory Mandate
International Transparency
Sovereign Rights
National Security
Trade Facilitation
Technology Enhancement
Political/ Diplomatic
Value
Safety
SafeguardsSecurity
Nuclear and Other
Radioactive Materials
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Addressing Challenges for Nuclear
Regulatory Interfaces
Other
Departments
- MOFA
- MITI
- National Security
Council
- RMP
- RMC
- Others
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
• Transparency and clarity
• Acknowledge authorities roles (Royal Malaysian Police, Royal Malaysian Customs, National Security Council, Universities, Ministry of
Foreign Affairs, etc)
• Address, coordinate and integrate roles
• Centralized Human capital development Plan and Program
(ensuring continuity/ sustainability)
• Getting national stakeholders Participation and fair
distribution of chances/ opportunities
• Sharing funding and resources
• Recognize their contribution and
National Commitment for 3S’s Interfaces
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
INFRASTRUCTURE FOR TRAINING
AND MONITORING OF 3’S’:
SAFETY, SECURITY AND
SAFEGUARDS
� - Incident
� - Accident
� - Sabotage
� - Illicit trafficking
� - Misuse
National Collaborative
Efforts
Environmental
Radiation Monitoring
System (ERMS)
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Building National Response Capability
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
National Radiological
Emergency Response Drill
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
National Technical Cooperation with
Other Enforcement Agencies
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Public Awareness and Communication on Regulatory Roles and Efforts
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Addressing Nuclear Security and
Safeguards Matters
Our CHALLENGES
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Challenges Faced by Malaysia• Improve political awareness and expert competence.
• Increase knowledge of nuclear security and safeguards related
activities in industrial enterprises, trade and business pursuits,
and scientific establishments;.
• Establish regional and international facilities.
• Continually develop legal, technical and professional human
resources.
• Translate international legal instruments and standards into
national legal system.
• Organize industry and public awareness/confidence.
• Concerns of nuclear fuel security and control of nuclear-related
dual-use components.
• Adequate funding.
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Challenges in ASEAN
• Interest in NPP � Proliferation Risk
• Instabilities in certain areas in SEA Region
• Transboundary issues
• Sharing of waters
• Neighbourhood influence
• Technical competency and experience
• Funding/Finance
• Common understanding
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Creating a Regional Network
Other International
Instruments/Non Legal Agreement:
e.g. International Convention for
the Suppression of Acts of
Nuclear Terrorism , UNSCR 1540 etc
Non-Proliferation
Treaty
Signed: 1 Jul 1968
Ratified: 3 May 1970
Safeguards Agreement and
Additional Protocol
Signed: 29 Feb 1972 (in force)
and 22 Nov 2005
Malaysia
Authorised Users
ASEAN + Others
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Ensuring Sustainable
Programmes in Nuclear
Security and Safeguards
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Future Challenges
Nuclear Safety, Security
and Safeguards
National
Regional
ASEAN + Others
REGIONAL HARMONIZATION
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Holistic Efforts in Ensuring Safety, Security and
Safeguards CapabilitiesSkills Development • Through the National
Committee for Certification of Radiation Protection Officer (JKPPPS)
• Through Comprehensive National Training Plan (RMC, RMP, etc.)
Academic Program • National University of
Malaysia (UKM) -Masters in 3S
• Summer School for future ESARDA Program (similar to safety course organized with cooperation of KAIST, Korea)
Skill Development • Training Program
(stakeholders) for Safeguards and AP implementation under Letter of Intent (LoI) of AELB-US NNSA
Academic Program• Proposed Review
Comment for Safeguards and Security syllabus under LoI of AELB-US NNSA
• Proposed Establishment of Summer School for ESARDA Non Proliferation Course with the Support from Asia Pacific Safeguards Network (APSN)
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
National Safety, Security and Safeguards Strategy, and
Approach
OBSERVED OUTCOMES (2006-2012)
• Recognized the role of regulatory body and enforcement
agencies
• National Support and commitments
• Pool of National expert and resources
• Integrated Approach (avoid unnecessary overlapping)
• Centralised budget and resources
• Support towards peaceful nuclear technology application
• Recognised as a critical part for academic needs
• National Strategy for Public Communications
• Involvement of NGOs
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http://www.aelb.gov.my
Conclusions• Malaysia notes the nuclear renaissance and its challenges;
• Malaysia is committed to implementing safety, security
and safeguards (3S’s) measures;
• Malaysia is continuously enhancing capability and capacity
in enhancing 3S’s;
• Malaysia encourages transparency in nuclear 3Ss matters
• Malaysia believes in strong regional network and
cooperation in promoting 3Ss; and
• Malaysia believes regional human capital development is
vital in ensuring effective implementation of 3Ss initiatives.
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Thank youThank youThank youThank you