intergovernmental relationships in georgia
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Intergovernmental Relationships in Georgia. Nino Ghonghadze, Natalia Magradze, Levan Samadashvili. Georgian Institute of Public Affairs 2007. Location of Georgia. General Information on Georgia. Capital - Tbilisi Population – 4.5 mln Territory – 67.9 km 2 Language/Alphabet – Georgian - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Intergovernmental Relationships in Georgia
Georgian Institute of Public Affairs2007
Nino Ghonghadze, Natalia Magradze, Levan Samadashvili
Location of Georgia
General Information on Georgia
Capital - Tbilisi Population – 4.5 mln Territory – 67.9 km2
Language/Alphabet – Georgian
Democratic Republic Brief Historical Review
– First Georgian states - 10 century B.C.
_ General Information First Unification of Georgian states - 10 century A.D._ Loss of Independance - 1801_ Regain of Independance - 1991 on Georgia
Local Governance in Georgia
Georgia - Young democratic state History of LG in Georgia starts from 1991,
after the first elections Arrangement and role of local governance is
based on Roman-German legal traditions Perception of local governance roles
Legal, Independent body with the direct participation of citizens settles local public issues on the territory defined by law, with the instruments of public government under the oversight of the state
Place of Local Governance in the State Power of Georgia
Branches
Legislative Executive Judiciary
Local Governance(Indirect Public
Governance)
Basic Information on LG in Georgia
Defined by Constitution and Organic Law on Local Governance
European Charter on Local Governance – join in 2004
Number of local government bodies – now (69) and in past (1004)
Basic Information on LG in Georgia
6 cities headed by
Mayors
63 towns headed by
Gamgebelis
City Counsel members
elected for four years
Employees of Mayor’s office appointed by the
Mayor
Mayors and Gamgebelis elected from City
Counsels for 4 years
Oversight on Local Government
Internal oversight- On the hierarchical basis
External oversight- Financial control (by the Chamber of Control)
State oversight (legal and administrative oversight)- Harmonization of local and common state
interests according to expediancy principle
Instruments of State Oversight on Local Governance
Legal Oversight– Control on voluntery and exclusive authorities
(activities undertaken fully independently by LG using finances attracted on its own)
Administrative Oversight– Control on delegated authorities (ways of
implementation are dictated by the state)– Defines independence level of LG
Legal Oversight
Defined by Law of Georgia on Normative Acts
Oversight on normative and individual acts issued by LG bodies
Defining congruance of LG legal acts with the national legislation
Controling body - Department of Sistemization of Normative Acts and Relations with Local Entities, Ministry of Justice
Exclusive Authorities
Administer property and land Draft and approve budget Introduce and collect local taxes and duties Administer forest and water resources of local
importance Build and maintain roads Make local procurements Regulate external trade and external advertising other
Informal relations between the MoJ and local entities
Most of legal assessments provided by the MoJ are positive, since normative acts are prepared as a result of intensive informal consultations
Ultimately Courts, not MoJ make the final decision on the congruance of legal acts with law
Only courts may abolish normative acts issued by local governance entities
Legal Oversight Process
Administrative Oversight
Final responsibility on fulfillment of delegated activities are transferred from LG bodies to state bodies
Administrative controlling bodies differ from that of legal oversight
Expediency control of specific activities made by LG bodies
Delegated Authorities
Until 2006– Registration of public documents– Veterinary medicine– Sanitation– Environment protection– Call-up
In the new law on LG delegated activities are not yet defined
Instruments and Bodies of Administrative Oversight
Right to receive information Instruction (how, by whom, in what
scope)
Ministries – Tbilisi Governors – Other
local government bodies
Budget of LG - Revenues
Own finances– Local taxes– Local duties– Capital income– Transfers– Grants– Loans– Other
Attracted Finances– Targeted and special
transfers– Subsidies, subventions– Grants for delegated
activities– Targeted revenues from
donors
Local Taxes and Duties
Property Tax Gambling Tax
Income tax – spent only on delegated authorities
Duties: registration, customs, license, certificate, other.
Main Problems and Recommendations
Scarce finances 1.Transfer of income tax to LG fully
2. Transfer of property to LG
Lack of qualified personnel
Increase scope of trainings
Dependence on central government
?
Gap between the population and LG
Dividing LG bodies to 3-4 smaller unites
Number of exclusive activities increased
Decrease number of exclusive activities
Flow of population from villages to larger towns and cities
?
Main Problems and Recommendations
Thank you for attention! Thank you for attention!
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