INTERLOCKED DWI OFFENDERS HAVE LOWER CUMULATIVE RECIDIVISM

FOR SIX YEARS AFTER INSTALLATION

2010 RSA ConferenceRichard Roth, PhD

Impact DWI and PIRE

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2

An Ignition Interlock is anElectronic Probation Officer

• Dedicated Probation Officer in Front Seat• On duty 24 hours per day• Tests and Records daily BAC’s • Allows only Alcohol-Free Persons to Drive.• Reports All Violations to the Court• Costs Offender only $2.30 per day.

(1 less drink per day)

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More and More Interlocks Are Being Used To Reduce Drunk Driving

The New Mexico Laws• 1999-2002 Optional Judicial Mandate for 2nd and 3rd DWI• 2003-2005 Mandatory Judicial Program for 1st

Aggravated and All Subsequent Offenders • 2003-2010 Indigent Fund (Judges Decide)• 2003- Administrative Program: Ignition Interlock License

available for all revoked offenders with no waiting period • 2005- Mandatory For All: 1 yr for 1st; 2 yrs for 2nd; 3 yrs

for 3rd; and lifetime with 5 yr review for 4 or more.• 2005- Revocation periods increased• 2009- Mandatory Interlock before unrestricted license• 2010- Objective Standard for Indigency

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12,005

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New Mexico Leads the Nation in Using Interlocks To Reduce Drunk Driving

Selection Criteria For Interlock Group, IG, and Comparison Group, CG.

1. Include only New Mexico offenders (visitors are unlikely to be re-arrested for DWI in NM)

2. Select range for Initial DWI Arrest dates the same for both IG and CG. (2003-2009)

3. Select last-date-for-possible-re-arrest to maximize use of available data (3/31/2010)

4. Include Available Correlates: Age, Gender, BACGroup, Priors for each offender.

5. Shift Index time of CG to make it equivalent to IG.

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Recidivism In the Six Years After Interlock InstallationFor Those Who Installed within 90 days after Conviction

N32,960

10,114

N5026

382

N11,493

2910

N5306

1019

(22 day shift)

(36 day shift)(29 day shift)

(32 day shift)

From 100530.spo

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Recidivism of Convicted Offenders While Interlocks Are Installed

From 100530.spo

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 3.95

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 1.99

Multivariate HR(CG/IG)

= 2.59

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 3.10

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Recidivism of Convicted Offenders After Interlock Removal

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 1.1495% CI

1.05-1.23Highly

Significant

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 1.0995%CI

0.96-1.23Not

Significant

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 0.9095% CI

0.73-1.11Not

Significant

MultivariateHR(CG/IG)

= 0.7195% CI

0.52-0.98Barely

Significant

N88691946

N3751556

167

3478

N276967649

GroupsHazard Ratio 95% C.I.

CG / IG 1.14 1.05 - 1.23

Age per Year 0.973 0.970 - 0.975

Females/Males 0.75 0.70 - 0.80

HiBAC/LowBAC 1.40 1.33 - 1.48

Refuses/LowBAC 1.36 1.25 - 1.48

Recidivism of Convicted First Offenders After Interlock Removal

Roth 6/29/2010 112010 RSA ConferenceFrom 100528 T4 CG& IG.spo

N276967649

Interlocked First Offenders in NM have fewer re-arrests per year of exposure in the years after their first arrest.

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Evidence of Reductions in Drunk Driving Rates in New Mexico

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More Interlocks, Fewer Alcohol-Involved Crashes, Injuries, and Fatalities

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Overall DWI RecidivismIs Steadily Declining in New Mexico

H.R.(2008/2002)= 0.6238% reduction in DWI Recidivism

From 100625 Recid by Year.spo

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N(CG) = 43794N(IG) = 10318

HR(CG/IG) = 1.08995% CI = 1.025-1.157

Comments

• NM Interlocked Offenders Have Less Recidivism in the Six Years After being interlocked.

• Unmeasured correlates, such as self-selection or judicial discretion, could enhance, reduce, or eliminate the difference in recidivism rates after interlock removal.

• Other measures, such as publicity, enforcement, prevention programs and a DWI Leadership Group, contributed to the overall reductions in alcohol-involved crashes, injuries, and fatalities.

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Richard Roth, PhDExecutive Director Impact DWIRichardRoth2300@msn.com

Impact DWI Websiteswww.ImpactDWI.org

.www.PEDAforTeens.orgwww.AlcoholTaxIncrease.org

www.RothInterlock.org