international benchmarking patrick vuillermoz, plastipolis · international benchmarking patrick...

International benchmarkingInternational benchmarkingPatrick Vuillermoz, PlastipolisPatrick Vuillermoz, Plastipolis

CLUSTERPLAST DISSEMINATION EVENT& TECHNICAL CONFERENCE “Latest Trends on moulding te mperatures conditioning control”

September 24th, 2009TORTONA, ITALY

2

International benchmarking: objectives (1)● The purpose of the international benchmarking is to examine how

innovation clusters are organized in two countries with leading plastics industry:● Japan● USA

● The aim is to bring recommendations and best practices for the building of CLUSTERPLAST joint action plan.

● This task has included the following activities:● Review of information and data about the US and Japanese technological clusters

covering the polymer converting industry● Selections of a set of representative regional clusters in these two countries● Critical analysis of the organizations of the selected clusters

International benchmarking: objectives (2)

International benchmarking: objectives (3)

5

Japanese clusters: main players (1)

● Associations of Plastics Material Producers � Japan Urethane Raw Materials

Association � Vinyl Environmental Council � Japan Engineering Plastics Technical

Committee � Japan Thermosetting Plastics Industry

Association � Japan VAM and PVOH Industry

Association � Japan Petrochemical Industry

Association � Japan ABS Resin Industry Association � Japan Styrene Industry Association � Expandable Polystyrene Industry

Association

● Associations of Plastics Product Producers �Japan Urethane Foam Association �Japan PVC Pipe and Fittings Association �Japan Crosslinked Polyethylene Pipes �The Japan Reinforced Plastic Society �Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Mortar Pipes Association �High Stiffness Polyethylene Pipes Association �High Expanded Polyethylen Foam Industry Association �Food-Pack Thermo-Foaming Association �Japan BioPlastics Association �The Japan Smoking Articles Corporate Association �Japan Vinyl Goods Manufactures Association �Japan Fluoropolymers Industry Association �Japan Industry Union of Plastic Houseware Manufacturers �Japan Plastic Sheet Association �Nippon PET Film Association �Japan Polyethylene Products Industrial Federation �Japan Polypropylene Film Industry Association �Japan Polystyrene Foamed Sheet Industry Association �Japan PET Tray Association �Polystyrene Thermofoaming Industry Association �Japan Polybutylene Pipe Association �Japan Polyethylene Piping System Federation for Water Works

6

Japanese clusters: main players (2)

● Other Associations ● Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Advanced Composite Technology Centar● The Japan Society of Epoxy Resin Technology ● Japan Hygienic Association of Vinylidene Chloride ● Japan Hygienic PVC Association ● Japan Chemical Innovation Institute Highpolymer & Evaluation Center ● Japan Plasticizer Industry Association ● Glass Fiber Association of Japan ● Japan Pipe Rehabilitation Quality Assurance Association ● Society of Industrial-Technology for Antimicrobial Articles ● Evaluation Committee for Adhesion and Adhesives ● The Carbon Fiber Manufacturers Association ● Japan RPF Association ● Plastic Waste Management Institute ● Japan PET Bottle Association ● Japan Hygienic Olefin And Styrene Plastics Association

Japanese clusters: general features (1)

● The policy about clusters in Japan has been founded on 2 mains axes:● The regional industrial revitalization that took place since 1970● The promotion of the Science and the Technology for national

development set up in 1995

● It leads to two categories of clusters with different governances:● The “Industrial cluster” set up in 2001 and reporting to METI[1]:

aiming at supporting the creation of businesses● The “Knowledge Cluster” created in 2002 and reporting to MEXT[2]:

aiming at supporting innovation

[1] Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry[2] Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

8


9


10

Japanese clusters: pre selection for benchmarking

Kankyo Business Kansai Project (green cluster : http://www.npo-rsc.org).

Shinshu Smart Device Cluster(http://www.tech.or.jp/cluster/en/)

Kyoto Nanotechnology Cluster(http://www.astem.or.jp/kyo-nano/)

Japanese clusters: pre selection for benchmarking

11

Shinshu Smart Devicescluster:

Analysis of Shinshu Smart Device Cluster (1)

12

● Criteria of selection:● Availability of data● Consistency with CLUSTERPLAST topics

● History of the cluster:● Started in 2002 within the Knowledge cluster initiative (Stage I)● From 2007: new step of development within the Knowledge cluster initiative (Stage II)

● Main activities:● Human network creation● Improvement of collaboration infrastructure / Sharing of informations● Development and commercialization of new products● Human resource development● Skill up meeting

● Members (March 2007)● 319 private firms● 106 research members● 121 supporting organization

546 members


13

● Technical topics of the cluster:● Smart devices using nanocarbon● Organic / inorganic nanomaterials● Smart devices using interfacial

nanotechnology● Nano-particle composites● Thin film technologies● Ink technologies

● Impact indicators:

●Example of achievements:


General organization of the cluster


● Main findings with regard to CLUSTERPLAST:● Project oriented cluster

● Deep involvements of research entities in the clust er governance

● Strong partnership with others local and regional entities

● Formal connections with parallel regional programs:● Exchange program between industry and universities● Industrial clusters● Business – academia partnership● Sharing of facilities

● Organization and management of working groups for setting and implementing projects

US clusters: general features (1)

● There is no specific model of clusters in the USA. ● However, clusters in USA show an important heterogeneity and

complexity that should be underlined:● Complexity regarding topics :

● A multi-topics position is displayed by several clusters or regions. ● The clusters contributes to the attractiveness of regions and to the creation of convergence

areas between actors coming from different technological sectors. ● Territorial complexity :

● Geographical limits of cluster are usually difficult to define. ● Clusters are controlled by a fractal organization: they can be considered at different territorial

levels (metropolis, county, region, state, ...)● Multitude of actors and organizations involved and their variable typology:

● Some cluster’s support initiatives can gather together more than 500 different actors.● Various typology of relations between businesses

● This led the USA authorities to differentiate clusters according to the type of privileged interactions (e.g. Networked, Hub and Spoke, Satellite, Institutional,...)

US clusters: general features (2)

Intrinsic specificities of the US clusters should be

emphasis ● The autonomy of

universities● The entrepreneurial spirit

Michigan Public

Universities

Out of State Funds, Including Federal R&D and other Funds, Charitable Giving, Tuition and Student Support, etc.

Support, Grants, Student Support, Tuition, etc. from Within Michigan.

Auxiliary Income

Giving by Michigan Citizens

State Funding

The Educational Premium

Higher Incomes To Graduates

Spending by Graduates

Spending by Faculty and Staff

Spending by Students

Spending by Visitors

Spending by Universities On Goods, Services, Supplies, Materials, Capital Expenditures, etc. Social Benefits

Knowledge and Technology Transfer

Technology licensing

& Start-up companies

Visitors to Universities

Economic Impact of Michigan Universities

Resource Flow Diagram

Source: Economic Impact of Michigan’s State UniversitiesSRI Project#: PDH 02-019, SRI InternationalMay 2002

Measures of Success: Economic Development and Technology Clusters

Export-based industries

Supplier Industries

Input materials, distribution, trade and other supporting services

Economic Foundation

Technology

Capital and

finance

Regulatory environment

Physical infrastructure

Human resources

INTEGRATED CLUSTERS

CLUSTER STRUCTUREIndustry clustering is a powerful framework for regional economic

development

Public policies are powerful drivers in creating clusters.

US clusters: identification & selection (1)

University of Wisconsin-Madison

Partnership for Innovation (PFI) in

Wisconsin Plastics Industry Cluster

Polymer and Polymeric Composites: Fundamentals and Manufacturing

• Center for Advanced Polymers and Composite Engineering (CAPCE)

• Polymer Fundamentals

• Key Material Properties for Manufacturing Plastic Parts

• Polymer Processing

• Composites and Composites Manufacturing

INDUSTRIAL &

SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING

INDUSTRIAL &

SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING

US clusters: identification & selection (2)Localisation of clusters « Advanced processes of transformation »

Michigan877 companies

31 000 employments

Texas1 000 companies

110 000 employments

Columbus600 companies

15 000 employments

Florida17 000 companies

402 000 employments

St Louis220 companies

35 800 employments

z

Localisation of clusters « Chemistry & Materials »

New York2 934 companies

105 000 employments

New Jersey1 800 companies

70 000 employments

Greater Philadelphia1 375 companies

58 000 employments

Greater Houston1 500 companies

60 000 employments

So. California3 361 companies

118 000 employments

Indianapolis441 companies

28 500 employments

Chicago3 800 companies

126 000 employments

Louisiana2 391 companies

75 000 employments

Cincinnati593 companies

24 000 employments

Chicago Chemistry TechnologyCluster

Source: French Industry Ministry study (2008)

US clusters: identification & selection (3)

SRI Int’l study (2005)

US Clusters: Illinois state model

23

● The “Illinois Model” of Technology-Driven Economic De velopment :● For the Department of Commerce and Community Affairs of the State of

Illinois, SRI has developed the “Illinois Model,” a “techonomic” economic development model based on the fusion of technological and economic forces.

● Working closely with Illinois private and public sector stakeholders, the SRI team applied its cluster methodology to analyze the industrial structure of the state, identify key industry clusters with growth potential, and analyze the effectiveness of current state programs and initiatives in encouraging technological and economic development. SRI also conducted a comprehensive benchmarking exercise to assess Illinois’ technological and economic foundations and performance vis-à-vis other U.S. states

Note: SRI International is an independent, nonprofit research institute conducting client-sponsored research and development for government agencies, commercial businesses, foundations, and other organizations.

US Clusters: Chicago Chemistry Technology (1)

24

● Main topic: Chemistry & Materials

● Geographical area: State of Illinois, Chicago

● Business entities:● 3800 in 2006 and 70% of them are members of the cluster of Chicago: 726 chemical

plants of production in Illinois; 1100 for advanced material in 2005

● Number of employments:● 126 000 in 2006 and 70% of them are members of the cluster of Chicago; 66 000

related to advanced materials in 2005

● Main companies:● Abbott Laboratories, Akorn, Akzo Nobel, Amcol International, BASF, Calgon, CF

Industries Holdings, Corn Products International, Croda, Dow Agroscience, Emco, Fujifilm Hunt Chemicals, Medline Industries, Prairie Packaging, Rhodia, Rohn and Haas, Solo Cup, Tenneco Packaging, WR Grace

● Innovation indicator: $16 million dollars spent for academic research in chemical engineering

American Institute of Chemical Engineers opened its section in Chicago on October 1924

Industry and Academic

Joint Ventures and R&D Alliances

Illinois Annual Performance Measures

• 24,000+ PhD scientists employed #7 in the US

• 1,400+ Science/Engineering PhDs awarded #6 in the US

• $590 B Gross Domestic Product #5 in the US

• $12.5 B in R&D #8 in the US

$9.7 B Industry R&D #7 in the US

$1.8 B Academic R&D #7 in the US

• 3,200+ utility patents issued #6 in the US

Source: US National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering State Profiles: 2005-2007


26

● University of Chicago● Materials Research Science and

Engineering Center

● University of Illinois-Chicago● Manufacturing Research Center● Microfabrication Applications Laboratory

● University of Illinois-Urbana/Champaign● Manufacturing Systems Laboratory ● Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory ● Machine Tool Agile Manufacturing Research

Institute ● Engineering/Advanced Transportation

Research and Engineering Laboratory

● Illinois Institute of Technology● Center for Excellence in Polymer Science

and Engineering ● Manufacturing Productivity Center

● Illinois State University● Center for Mathematics, Science and

Technology

● Northwestern University● Institute for Nanotechnology ● Institute for Nanotechnology/Center for

Nanofabrication and Molecular Self-Assembly (NAMSA)

● Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center● Materials Research Center

● Southern Illinois University● Materials Technology Center

● Illinois Federal Laboratories● Argonne National Laboratory ● Fermilab● National Center for Agricultural Utilization

Research


● Examples of technological investigation areas:● UIC:

● Low cost coating (nanosurfaces)● Polymers and materials for medical and healthcare

applications ● Nanofibers manufacturing● Advanced molecular simulation● Advanced process design and optimization)

● IIT:● Rapid manufacturing● Polymer and material for renewable energy systems (fuel cell,

photovoltaic)

● National Center for Agricultural Utilization Resear ch :● new biobased materials from starches● Modification of natural polymers by thermo mechanical

processes● Starch foam production by extrusio


● Examples of initiatives:● Management of University-Industry relationships at UIC:

● The College of Engineering Advisory Board was established in May 1980 with the objective of having an active involvement of key government, industry, and academia representatives in the development of the college’s strategy.

● Transfer technology at UIC:● UIC technology services is a single point of contact offering

technology and resource support services to businesses looking to complement their development needs.

● Venture development at IIT:● The mission of the IIT - Knapp Entrepreneurship Center is to be

Chicago’s Leading Professional Support Services Center for Entrepreneurs by providing effective, affordable, and expert resources to help create and grow successful commercial ventures.

● Technology parks at IIT:● The Illinois Institute of Technology has established since 2006 a

University Technology Park (UTP) this has been a $ 50 millions facility investment to promote joint projects between private businesses and academia.


● The State authorities bring to the cluster development the following technology supporting programs:● Advanced Technology Program (ATP): The ATP fosters projects with a high payoff for

the nation as a whole - in addition to a direct return to the innovators.● Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program: SBIR is a highly competitive

program that encourages small business to explore their technological potential and provides the incentive to profit from its commercialization.

● Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program: STTR is an important small business program that expands funding opportunities in the federal innovation research and development arena. The goal is expansion of the public/private sector partnership to include the joint venture opportunities.

● Innovation Challenge Program: The purpose of the Innovation Challenge Program is to increase the number of Illinois companies that apply for federal research grants.

● The federal Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program and its parallel Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program provide over $2 billion a year to small companies.

Analysis of Chicago Technology Chemistry

30

● Main findings with regard to CLUSTERPLAST:● No specific governance body but leadership of regio nal

development entities● Cluster development is based on the dynamics provid ed by the

universities● Clear focus on entrepreneurship● Support of local authorities:

● State of Illinois● Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity● The Mayor’s Council of Technology Advisors● CTCNet Chicago● CTC Accelerator● CivicNet

● Powerful supporting and funding schemes:● Federal innovation programs (SBIR, STTR)● Technology parks● Regional technology transfer

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

international benchmarking patrick vuillermoz, plastipolis · international benchmarking patrick...

Documents