international conference on distributed computing systems ... · the3rd international conference on...
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The 3rd International
Conference on
DISTRIBUTED
COMPUTINGSYSTEMSMiami/Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
October 18-22, 1982
SPONSORED BY
IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY
THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, INC.
In cooperation withAssociation for
Computing Machinery (ACM) (3CTY1)Information ProcessingSociety of Japan (IPSJ)Institut National de
Recherche en Informatiqueet en Automatique (INRIA)
IEEE Catalog No. 82CH1802-8
Library of Congress No. 82-83047
ComputerSociety Order No. 435
Order Irom IEEE Computer Society IEEE Service Cenler
Post Office Box 80452 445 Hoes Lane
Worldway Postal Center Piscataway NJ 08B54
Los Angeles CA900B0
COMPUTERSOCIETY t
PRESS
7/V^r
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SESSION 1A: DATABASE SYSTEMS
Transactions Modeling in Distributed Environments 2
C. Rolland and M. Vitali
Site Selection in Distributed Query Processing 7
A.-C. Liu and S.-K ChangSome Estimation Problems in Distributed Query Processing 13
C.T. Yu and Y.C. Lin
SESSION IB: SCHEDULING AND CONTROL IN DISTRIBUTED
OPERATING SYSTEMS
Scheduling Techniques for Concurrent Systems 22
J.K. Ousterhout
Decentralized Executive Control of Computers 31
E.D. Jensen
Dynamic Process Control for Distributed Computing 36
A.B. BaraJc
SESSION 1C: MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURES
A Distributed Parallel Computation Station Model for System, Environment
and Threat Simulation ,42
B.C. Bronson andL.J. Siegel
A Distributed Signal Processing Architecture 49
A.E. FilipA Multi-Port Memory Organization for Use in Distributed Computing Systems 56
P.S. Sawkar, T.J. Forquer, E.J. Schernecke, and H. Li
SESSION ID: FAULT TOLERANCE METHODS
A Fault-Tolerant Scheme for Distributed Transaction Commitment 64
M. Leszak and H. Breitwieser
A Distributed Algorithm for Post-Failure Load Redistribution 71
G. Barigazzi, A. Ciuffoletti, and L. Strigini
RHEA: A Fault and Damage-Tolerant Hierarchical Communication Support
System for Local Area Computing in Aggressive Environments 77
G. Caumont, J.C. Laprie, andD.R. Powell
SESSION 2A: DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Software Design of a Local Data Network for Very Large Distributed Databases 86
J.J. Lin and M.T. Liu
PHLOX, Database Management Systems for Micro-Computers 92
B. Del Vecohio and A. Ferrier
JOBLIST—A General Data Structure for Communicating, Manipulating and
Managing Information in a Distributed Environment 98
P.A.D. de Maine and C.G. Davis
SESSION 2B: DISTRIBUTED OPERATING SYSTEMS
Resource Allocation for a Class of Problem Structures in Multistage
Interconnection Network-Based Systems 106
E. Opper and M. Malek
Analysis of Multiple-Queue Task Scheduling Algorithms for Multiple-
SIMD Machines114
D.L. Tuomenoksa and H.J. Siegel
Distributed Dynamic Hardware Operating System for Multiport
Reconfigurable Memory122
S.I. Kartashev and S.P. Kartashev
Distributed Coupled Actors: A Chorus Proposal for Reliability 128
J.S. Banino and J.C. Fabre
xiu
SESSION 2C: BUS ORIENTED MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEMS
The DELTA 2—A Distributed Computer 136
M. Stern
Enhanced Concurrency in M-N Multiprocessor Systems 146
A. Gupta and H.-M.D. Toong
Application of Fault-Tolerant Distributed Computing Techniques to Military
Standard Bus Architectures 152
J. W. Thomas, J.N. Patel, M.D. Vojta, and D. Bhatt
SESSION 2D: DESIGN OF FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEMS
Graceful Fault Tolerance in Large Networks of Microcomputers 158
D.P. Agrawal, B.K. Agrawal, and G.C. Pathak
Self-Checking Software in Distributed Systems 163
J.M. Ayaohe, J.P. Courtiat, and M. Diaz
The Design of a Fault-Tolerant Computing Element for Distributed
Data Processors 171
A.D. Hurt and J.R. Heath
SESSION 3A: DATABASE MACHINES
The Active Graph Database Machine 178
L. Bio, R.L. Hartmann, and J. Todhunter
The Design of "Low-End" Machines for Data Management in Distributed Systems ... 187
C.V. Ramamoorthy, S.L. Ganesh, S.T. Dong, C.-H. Jen, and W.-T. Tsai
Performance Analysis for Parallel Processing Schemes of Relational Operationsand a Relational Database Machine Architecture with Optimal Scheme
Selection Mechanism 196
Y. Kiyoki, M. Jsoda, K. Kojima, K. Tanaka, A. Minematsu, and H. Aiso
SESSION 3B: NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEMS
A Report on Process Management in a Guest Distributed System 206
I. Gertner
MIMAS—A Network Operating System for Strathnet 212
G.S. Blair, D. Hutchison, and W.D. ShepherdVirtual Memory Service in Local Area Network 218
A. Ferravante, M. Martelli, F. Tarini, and P. Zini
SESSION 3C: MICROPROCESSOR NETWORKS
An Experimental Real Time Kernel for a Multimicroprocessor Prototype 226
F. GregorettiAn Analytical Model of the MICRONET Distributed Database Management
System 232
T.B. Genduso and S. Y. W. Su
A Multimicro Architecture and Its Distributed Operating System for
Real Time Control 238
S. Rivoiro and A. Serra
PANEL SESSION 3D: DEVELOPING HIGHLY RELIABLE DISTRIBUTED
SYSTEMS (J. Goldberg: Chairman; H. Hecht, V. Nelson, S. Amoroso,
and G.W. Cox: Panelists)
SESSION 4A: REPLICATED DATABASES
Allocation Schemes of Multiple Copies of Data in Distributed Database Systems 250
Y. Matsushita, M. Yoshida, A. Wakino, and L.T. BengA Proposed Parity Structure for Large Remotely-Located Duplicate Date Files 257
J.J. Metzner
How Expensive Is Data Replication? An Example 263
D. Barbara and H. Garcia-Molina
The Exclusive-Writer Protocol: A Low Cost Approach for Updating ReplicatedFiles in Distributed Real Time Systems 269
W.W. Chu, J. Hellerstein, and M.-T. Lan
xiv
SESSION 4B: DESIGN OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS
On Communication in the Design of Software Components of Distributed
Computer Systems 280
S.S. Yau and S.M. Shatz
Object-Oriented Structured Design of Layered Protocol Systems 288
R.J.A. Buhr and S. Michell
An Experiment in Distributed Program Design, Using Control Enrichment 294
M. Shapiro
SESSION 4C: NETWORK TOPOLOGY
On a Class of Fault-Tolerant Multiprocessor Network Architectures 302
D.K. Pradhan
Large Regular Interconnection Networks 312
K.W.DotyFault Diagnosis in Hypercube Connected Array of Processors 318
K.V.S.Bhat
SESSION 4D: DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING TESTBEDS
A Distributed System Experimentation Facility 324
H.K. Berg and M.G. Smith
A Comprehensive Approach to Instrumentation for Experimentation in a
Distributed Computing Environment 330
D. Bhatt and M. Schroeder
A High-Level Simulation Testbed for Cooperative Distributed Problem Solving 341
V. Lesser, D. Corkill, J. Pavlin, L. Lefkowitz, E. Hudlicka, R. Brooks,'
and S. Reed
ADNET: An Experiment in Computer Networking for the Royal Navy 351
J.A. Gadsden
SESSION 5A: MUTUAL EXCLUSION AND SYNCHRONIZATION
Abstraction and Nondeterminism in Concurrent Systems 358
G.J. Milne
An Optimality Theory for Mutual Exclusion Algorithms in Computer Networks 365
I. Suzuki and T. Kasami
Priority Driven Communication Protocol Design 371
H.-A. Lin and M.T. Liu
SESSION 5B: DISTRIBUTED SOFTWARE TOOLSAND METHODS
Formal Specification and Verification of Distributed Systems 380
B.-S. Chen and R.T. Yeh
Reliability Optimization in the Design of Distributed Systems 388
D.S. Raghavendra, M. Gerla, and A. Avizienis
BUGNET: A Debugging System for Parallel Programming Environments 394
R. Curtis and L. Wittie
PANEL SESSION 5C: ADVANCED DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURES
(G.J. Lipovski: Chairman; S. Lundstrom, L. Kartashev, and H. Sullivan: Panelists)
SESSION 5D: DISTRIBUTED TESTBEDS FOR REAL TIME SYSTEMS
A Hardware Architecture for a Flexible Distributed Computing Testbed 404
T.G. Williams, W.C. McDonald, M.W. Beasley, and G.W. Cox
System Software for Experiments in Distributed Computing on a
Distributed Testbed 410
N. Vosbury and C. Bryant
ADL/ADS—A Tool for Describing, Constructing, Conducting, and Evaluating
DDP Experiments416
J.T. Ellis and R. W. Smith
AOS—A Tool for Designing Distributed R,eal-Time Operating Systems 422
C.W. Crouch
SESSION 6A: CONCURRENCY CONTROL TECHNIQUES
On the Termination of Transactions in the Delta System 430
K. Ramamritham
XV
Classes of Serializable Histories and Synchronization Algorithms in Distributed
Database Systems 438
C. Hua and B. Bhargava
Queueing Analysis of the Ordering Issue in a Distributed Database Concurrency
Control Mechanism: A General Case 447
F. Kamoun, M.B. Djerad, and G. Le Lann
PANEL SESSION 6B: AD HOC TECHNIQUES VERSUS FORMALISM IN
DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMDESIGN (R. T. Yeh: Chairman; M. Alford, J. Mitchell,
R. Mayer, and J Urban: Panelists)
SESSION 6C: COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Some Comparative Measurements of Computer Interconnection 456
M. Pauik
A Mass Transport Service on High Transmission Rate Satellite Circuits—Some
Design Considerations 461
J.-L. GrangeFurther Simulation Results on the Performance of a New Double-Loop
Computer Network 467
S. Leventis and G. Papadopoulos
SESSION 6D: DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS—PRACTICES AND EXPERIENCES
A Real-Time Distributed Computer Network Experiment for BMD Terminal Defense . 474
S.F. Liu, R.W. Parker, andK.K. Okikawa
Experiences with Distributed Software Design in DDTS 475
C. Devor
Experiences with Distributing Graphic Software between Processors 486
G. Hamlin and J.E. GeorgeEffect of Resource Allocation on Distributed System Response—A Case Study 493
R.G. Schluter, J.C. Shih, and T.L. Maohleit
SESSION 7A: DEADLOCK DETECTION
A Distributed Deadlock Detection and Resolution Scheme: Performance Study 496
J.R. Jagannathan and R. Vasudevan
Communication Delay and Two Phase Locking 502
W.-T.K. Lin and J. Nolte
Performance Evaluation of the Optimistic Approach to Distributed Database
Systems and Its Comparison to Locking 508
B. BhargavaDetection of Inherent Deadlocks in Distributed Programs 518
K.Hao andR.T. Yeh
SESSION 7B: HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES FOR DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING
DPL-82: A Language for Distributed Processing 526
L. W. Ericson
The Design of a Programming Language Based on Connectivity Networks 532
R.J. LeBlanc and A.B. Maccabe
PASCAL + CSP, Merging PASCAL and CSP in a Parallel ProcessingOriented Language 542
J.-M. Adamo
Distributed Compilation: A Case Study 548
J.A. Miller and R.J. LeBlanc
SESION 7C: MULTISTAGE NETWORKPERFORMANCE
An Approximate Queueing Model for Packet Switched MultistageInterconnection Networks 556
T.N. Mudge and B.A. Makrucki
Minimization of Path Lengths in Single Stage Connection Networks 563
J.E. Wirsching and T. Kishi
A Bandwidth Analysis of Baseline Networks 572
J.M. Frankovich
XVI
PANEL SESSION 7D: DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING RESEARCH NEEDS
AND DIRECTIONS (P. Schneck: Chairman; B.W. Boehm, W.W. Chu, R.T. Yeh,C.V. Ramamoorthy, C.G. Davis, L.A. Belady: Panelists)
PANEL SESSION 8A: EVALUATION OF CONCURRENCY CONTROL
MECHANISMS (P.A. Ng: Chairman; B. Bhargava, H. Garcia-Molina, W.H. Kohler,R. Vasudevan, N. Griffeth, W.-T.K. Lin: Panelists)
SESION 8B: DISTRIBUTED SIMULATION
Structure of a Distributed Simulation System 584T. Christopher, M. Evens, R.R. Gargeya, and T. Leonhardt
Dynamic Routing in WISPAC: A Continuous System Simulation Machine 590
J. Castillo and S.D. Smith
Adapting a Simulation Language to a Distributed Environment 596
J. Bezivin andH. Imbert
SESSION 8C: NETWORK EVALUATION
VLSI Performance of Multistage Interconnection Network Using 4*4 Switches 606
L.N. Bhuyan and D.P. AgrawalA Comparison of Cube Type and Data Manipulator Type Networks 614
RJ. McMillen and H.J. SiegelPerformance of Packet Switching in Buffered Single-Stage Shuffle-
Exchange Networks 622
P.-Y. Chen, P.-C. Yew, andD. Lawrie
SESSION 8D: DATA FLOW ARCHITECTURES
A Distributed Computer Architecture for Real-Time, Data Driven Applications 630
J.R. Heath, G.D. Broomell, and A. Hurt
A Decentralized Controlled Multi-Processor System Based on the
Data-Driven Scheme 639
H. Nishikawa, K. Asada, and H. Terada
A Description Method and a Classification Scheme for Data Flow Architectures 645
A. Hazra
SESSION 9A: COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL MODELING
Petri Net Specification of a New Protocol for Controlling a Distributed
System Organization 65<*
P. Estraillier and C. Girault
Modeling of Distributed Database Concurrency Control Mechanisms Usingan Extended Petri Net Formalism 660
M.T. Ozsu and B.W. Weide
Algorithms for a Broadcast Protocol Multiprocessor 666
S.P. Levitan
SESSION 9B: SOFTWARE TRANSPORTABILITY
The Programmable Compiler 674
G. Ruiz-Huerta
MML: A Programming Line for Multiple-Microprocessors Systems 680
M. Boari, S. Crespi Reghizzi, A. Dapra, and A. Natali
Portable Scientific Software, XTAL: An Example 689
R.J. Munn and J.M. Stewart
SESSION 9C: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DISTRIBUTED
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
A Stochastic Network Model with Applications to Distributed
Computing Systems 694
A.J. Lemoine and L. Meier
Validation of a Performance Model for a Decentralized Computer System 699
RJ. Souza and E.E. Balkovich
Performance Measures for Distributed Computing Systems 705
C. Weitzman
An Approach to Real Time Systems Modeling 710
P. Caspi and N. Halbwachs
XVI1
SESSION 9D: DATA FLOW LANGUAGES
Applicative Objects as Processes 718
J.R. Kennaway and M.R. Sleep
A Scheme for Handling Arrays in Data-Flow Systems 724
J.-L. Gaudiot andM.D. Ercegovac
Streams and Iteration in VAL: Additions to a Data Flow Language 730
J.R. McGraw and S.K. Skedzielewski
SESSION 10A: COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS
Method for Testing Data Communication Products That Implement
Standard Protocols 742
S. Yoshitake, M. Mashio, S. Ideguchi, and M. Katsumata
SOSAM for Hidden Nodes or an Efficient Collision-Free Access-Protocol for
Stationary Radio Networks with Less-Than-Full Connectivity 748
Y.I. Gold and W.R. Franta
A Distributed Failsafe Route Table Update Algorithm 755
J. Hagouel and M. Schwartz
SESSION 10B: LOCAL AREA NETWORKS
CICS 81: A VLSI-Based Local Network for Distributed Process-Control 764
G. Michel, J. Rouillard, G. Charles, and D. Tranvaux
TH-NET: A Microprocessor-Based Local Network 770
W.T. Chen, H.C. Wang, J.W. Tsai, and J.Y. Wei
SESSION IOC: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MULTIPROCESSOR
SYSTEMS
Synthetic Workload Generation for Experimentation with Multiprocessors 778
A. Singh and Z. SegallAn Analytical Model for Evaluation of Distributed Multiprocessor Systems with
Shared Common Resources 786
G.H. Franzkowiak and R. W. Naro
Bounds on Bus and Memory Interference in a Class of Multiple Bus
Multiprocessor Systems 792
M.A. Marsan
SESSION 10D: PARALLEL PROCESSING
Systolic Algorithms for Monte Carlo Simulations 800
R.A. Whiteside, P.G. Hibbard and N.S. Ostlund
Concurrency Detection in Language-Oriented Processing Systems 805
R.G. WedigandM.J. Flynn
Eager Evaluation of Functional Programs and a Supporting Intercon¬
nection Structure 811
D.H. Grit and R.L. Page
SESSION 11A: MESSAGE ORIENTED MECHANISMS
MAILROOM: A Computer-Based Message System Model for Person-to-Person
and Process-to-Process Communication 818
R.J.A. Buhr and D.A. MacKinnon
A Message Oriented Language for System Applications 824
A. Koch and T.S.E. Maibaum
ENCHERE: A Distributed Auction Bidding System 833
M. Banatre and G. Lapalme
SESSION 11B: DESPERANTO
Performance Measurement and Exception Handling in Desperanto'sDistributed Environment 840
S.A. Mamrak, W.E. Ayen, F. Gherfal, and D. Leinbaugh
XVIII
Supporting Existing Tools in Distributed Processing Systems: The
Conversion Problem 847
S.A. Mamrak, H.-C. Kuo, andD. Soni
Guest Layering Distributed Processing Support on Local Operating Systems 854
S.A. Mamrak, P. Maurath, J. Gomez, S. Janardan, and C. Nicholas
PANEL SESSION 11C: ISSUES IN PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
(P.A.D. de Maine: Chairman; H.K. Berg, P. Hsia, D. Siewiorek, W. McDonald, and
S. Nightingale: Panelists)
SESSION 11D: APPLICATIONS OF PARALLELISM
A VLSI Architecture for Fast Context-Free Language Recognition
(Barley's Algorithm) 864
Y. Chiang and K.S. Fu
A Parallel Processor System Dedicated to SIMD and Its Application to
Three-Dimensional Color Graphics 870
M. Kubo, E. Toshima, N. Mori, H. Hoshino, K. Agusa, and Y. Ohno
Parallel Processing for MIMD Systems 876
J. Liu and Y. Zhang
AUTHORINDEX 899
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