international council on clean transportation - fact sheet: u.s. … · 2017-10-12 · fact sheet...
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fact sheet: U.s. and eUrope
TRANSATLANTIC AIRLINE FUEL EFFICIENCY RANKING, 2014A new report by the International Council on Clean Transportation compares the top 20 airlines on transatlantic routes in terms of fuel efficiency (i.e., carbon intensity) in 2014.
[email protected] www.theicct.org
november 2015
NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
CARIBBEAN SEA
NORTHSEA
BLACK SEA
RED
SEA
LABRADORSEA
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
BALTIC S
EA
FRENCH GUIANA
WESTERNSAHARA
WEST BANK
AUSTRIA
NETHERLANDS
FRANCE
GERMANY
DENMARK
ITALY
MALTA
GREECESPAIN
BELGIUM
SWITZ.
TURKEY
CYPRUS
GEORGIA
FINLAND
ICELAND
UNITEDKINGDOM
IRELAND
PORTUGAL
ISRAEL
NIGERIA
BURUNDI
RWANDA
ALGERIA
LIBYAEGYPT
SUDAN
ETHIOPIA
KENYA
TANZANIA
DEM. REP.OF CONGO
CENTRALAFRICAN REPUBLIC
UGANDA
CONGO
CAMEROON
GABON
NIGER
EQUAT. GUINEA
GAMBIA
GUINEA-BISSAU
SIERRA LEONE
LIBERIA
CÔTED'IVOIRE
SÃO TOMÉ AND PRINCIPE
DJIBOUTI
TUNISIA
ERITREA
MOROCCO
MAURITANIA
CAPE VERDE
HUNGARY MOLDOVA
CZECH REP.
SLOVAKIA
POLAND
ROMANIA
SAUDI ARABIA
IRAQSYRIA
JORDANKUWA
LEBANON
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
BELARUS
UKRAINE
HAITI
CUBA
DOMINICANREP.
BELIZE
PANAMA
COSTA RICA
EL SALVADOR
EMALA
NICARAGUA
HONDURAS
JAMAICA
GUINEA
VENEZUELA
COLOMBIASURINAME
ECUADOR
PERU
ARMENIA
NORWAY
SWEDEN
CHAD
GHANA
TOGO
BENIN
BURKINA
MALI
SENEGAL
GUYANA
RUSSIA
CANADA
UNITED STATES
CPH
OSL
SVO
AMS
LHR
DUB
CDG
ZRH
ISTFCOMAD
YYZ
DTWORD
CLT
JFK
BOS
DUS
FRA
KEF
EWR
1
2
2
2
5
6
6
8
9
9
9
12
12
14
14
1617
17 19
19
rank Airline Airport pair pax-km/Lkg Co2 per
round-trip itinerary
1 JFK & OSL 42 720
2 DUS & JFK 36 840
2 AMS & JFK 36 830
2 DUB & JFK 36 720
5 JFK & SVO 35 1100
6 IST & JFK 34 1200
6 AMS & DTW 34 1000
8 LHR & YYZ 33 870
9 BOS & KEF 32 620
9 JFK & MAD 32 920
rank Airline Airport pair pax-km/Lkg Co2 per
round-trip itinerary
9 CDG & JFK 32 930
12 FCO & JFK 31 1100
12 JFK & ZRH 31 1000
14 CLT & FRA 30 1200
14 CPH & EWR 30 1000
16 LHR & ORD 29 1100
17 JFK & LHR 28 1000
17 LHR & EWR 28 1000
19 FRA & JFK 27 1200
19 LHR & JFK 27 1100
Fuel efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions for nonstop, round-trip intinerary, top 20 airlines’ most prevalent routes, 2014.
Fact sheet TRANSATLANTIC AIRLINE FUEL EFFICIENCY RANKING, 2014
HigHLigHts » The gap between the most and least fuel-efficient
airlines on 2014 transatlantic operations was 51%. That is roughly twice the performance gap between the best and worst U.S. airlines on domestic operations (25% in 2014).
» The three least-efficient airlines (Lufthansa, SAS, and British Airways) were collectively responsible for one-fifth of transatlantic available seat kilometers and burned 44%-51% more fuel per passenger kilometer than the most efficient, Norwegian Air Shuttle.
» A nonstop round-trip transatlantic flight averaged about one tonne of CO2 emissions per passenger, equivalent to emissions from a 35-kilometer daily commute in a Toyota Prius over a work year.
» Seating configuration and aircraft fuel burn (i.e., fuel economy of the aircraft operated) are the two most important factors influencing airline fuel efficiency; together they explain about 80% of the variation in fuel efficiency among the airlines studied.
» Passenger load factor (i.e., percentage of seats filled) and freight carriage are relatively less important drivers of fuel efficiency.
» Airlines that have invested in new, advanced aircraft (e.g., Norwegian Air Shuttle) are significantly more fuel-efficient than airlines flying older planes, highlighting the crucial role of technology (and thus performance standards) in driving down fuel consumption and associated carbon emissions.
» The impact of premium seating on emissions is substantial: first class and business seats accounted for only 14% of available seat kilometers flown on transatlantic routes but approximately one-third of total carbon emissions. For carriers like British Airways and Swiss, premium seating was responsible for almost one-half of their total emissions from passenger travel.
bACkground » Globally, aircraft emitted about 700 million metric
tons of CO2 in 2013. If global aviation were a country, it would rank 21st in terms of GDP, but 7th in terms of CO2 emissions, just behind Germany and well ahead of South Korea.
» Absent policy interventions, aviation emissions are on pace to triple by 2050 — a period in which many developed countries hope to reduce their emissions by up to 80%.
Pax-km/L fuel Excess fuel/
pax-km
40 —1. Norwegian 35 +14% 2. Airberlin
34 +20% 3. Aer Lingus 33 +22% 4. KLM 33 +22% 4. Air Canada 33 +22% 4. Aeroflot 33 +22%4. Turkish33 +22%4. Air France
32 +26% 9. Delta 32 +26% 9. Icelandair
31 +30% 11. Iberia 31 +30% 11. American31 +30% 11. Alitalia
30 +36% 14. United29 +38% 15. US Airways
29 +38% 15. Virgin Atlantic
29 +38% 15. Swiss
28 +44%18. Lufthansa28 +44% 18. SAS
27 +51% 20. British Airways INDUSTRY AVERAGE
Average overall fuel efficiency of the top 20 airlines on transatlantic routes, 2014
Fact sheet TRANSATLANTIC AIRLINE FUEL EFFICIENCY RANKING, 2014
PubLiCAtion inFormAtionTransatlantic Airline Fuel Efficiency Ranking, 2014Authors: Irene Kwan and Daniel Rutherford, Ph.D.
ContACtDan Rutherford, 650.336.3536, [email protected] Kwan, 415.202.5755, [email protected]
The International Council on Clean Transportation is an independent nonprofit organization founded to provide first-rate, unbiased research and technical and scientific analysis to environmental regulators.
2015 © INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON CLEAN TRANSPORTATION
BEIJING | BERLIN | BRUSSELS | SAN FRANCISCO | WASHINGTON
doWnLoAd www.theicct.org/transatlantic-airline-efficiency-2014
» The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has committed to develop a global framework — an aircraft CO2 (efficiency) standard and a framework for market-based measures — for controlling CO2 emissions from aviation by 2016. But the process has been hampered by disagreements over how to equitably distribute reduction targets by country or carrier.
» The European Union in 2012 suspended its action requiring foreign air carriers flying to or from EU airports to participate in the EU Emissions Trading System. An insufficiently effective MBM framework agreement from ICAO could cause the EU to reimpose that requirement.
» The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 2015 published a draft “endangerment finding,” which is the first formal step toward regulating aviation greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act. The eventual outcome will be a rule to limit emissions — either U.S. domestic enforcement of ICAO’s CO2 emission standard for new aircraft or a more stringent U.S.–only aircraft standard.
» Delegates to the 21st session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 21) will be meeting in early December at Paris’s Le Bourget Airport. Among other issues, they will discuss how to incorporate greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation into a global climate protection framework.