international human rights day sexual violence by the u.s. military in okinawa: what can we do?...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
International Human Rights Day
Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do?
December 10, 2012Michiko Hase
![Page 2: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Active Duty Forces Abroad (12/31/2011)
![Page 3: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
U.S. Military Personnel in Japan(3/31/2009)
• Marine Corps 14,951• Air Force 12,490• Navy 6,766• Army 2,501 Total 36,708
* 68.4% are in Okinawa
![Page 4: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
U.S. Military in Okinawa ~Historical View~
1945 3/26—6/23(9/7) Battle of Okinawa (one in four Okinawans died)
8/15 Japan surrenders1952 4/28 Occupation of Japan ends
Okinawa -- US military rule (--1972 )1972 5/15 Reversion of Okinawa to Japan
Today 74% of US military facilities in Japan are in Okinawa (0.6% of Japan’s total area)
![Page 5: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
U.S. Military in Okinawa TodayNumber of US military facilities (3/31/2010)
34
Areas of US military facilities (3/31/2010)
10.2% of total area of Okinawa prefecture (18.4% of Okinawa Island)
73.9% of exclusive US military facilities in Japan
US military personnel, civilian employees, family members (9/30/2009)
Total – 44,895
• Military personnel 24,612 (68.4% of total US military personnel in Japan, 35,965)•Civilian employees 1,381•Family members 18,902
![Page 6: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Sexual Violence by US Military in Okinawa
Most notorious cases:• 1955 -- a 6-year-old girl was abducted, raped
and brutally murdered by a US serviceman• 1995 -- a 12-year-old girl was abducted and
raped by 3 servicemen
• May 1972 ~ Sept 2011 144 arrests in 127 cases of rape or attempted rape
• But many more cases like Yumi’s in the film
![Page 7: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Sexual violence by U.S. military in Okinawa, 2012
• August 21 -- a woman was sexually assaulted and injured by a marine corporal (arrested)
• October 16 -- a woman was gang-raped by two sailors
-- Nov. 6 – prosecuted for rape and assault; one of them also for robbery
• October 19 -- Night-time curfew (11:00pm to 5:00am) placed on all U.S. troops in Japan
![Page 8: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Curfew is ineffective• November 2 -- a heavily intoxicated airman broke
into an apartment and punched a junior-high-school boy; no arrest made by Okinawa police perpetrator in US custody and not a “heinous crime”
• November 18 -- a U.S. Marine Corps lieutenant trespassed in a room of a building
• December 1 -- US military in Okinawa bans drinking outside bases (except in one’s own home) at all times; drinking on bases banned between 10 p.m. and 8 a.m.
* Curfew imposed in 2000 & 2008 but ineffective
![Page 9: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Sexual Violence within U.S. Military
Marine Corps Report “Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Campaign Plan 2012” (June 20, 2012)
• Okinawa: 67 sexual assault cases reported on Marine bases in Okinawa (Oct. 2010 – Sept. 2011)
• Per capita rate is twice as high as that on Marine bases in the U.S.
DOD Sexual Assault Response and Prevention Report (April 13, 2012)
• FY2010--2617 persons reported; 190,000 estimated victims
![Page 10: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta on sexual violence in US military
“The military stands for and defends the values of good order and discipline; we’ve got to make sure that women are protected from any kind of assault.”
(September 2012 interview)
![Page 12: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA)• A SOFA:– Is a bi-lateral international agreement that
defines legal rights and obligations of the parties – Supersedes US and host-nation domestic law–Provides “facilities and areas” for use by US
forces in host country–Creates rights and protections for U.S. military
personnel & civilian employees -- NO legislative consent (ratification) required
![Page 13: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Jurisdiction of SOFA criminal cases in Japan
“Official duty” protectionA SOFA member who is arrested off-base while
in an official-duty status cannot be tried by the Japanese authorities U.S. military has jurisdiction
“In official-duty status”: a person is doing something on behalf of the U.S. government (including commuting between home and a work function)
![Page 14: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Jurisdiction of SOFA criminal cases in Japan – revised November 2011
1. Drunk driving – no “official duty” protection (even if drinking took place at official function) Japan has primary jurisdiction
2. Civilian employees in official-duty status --when US authorities do not prosecute Japan can request to try the case (US still has primary jurisdiction)
![Page 15: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
NATO JAPAN/SOUTH KOREA
Environmental cleanup of closed bases
U.S. is responsible for cleanup
No provision
Children of US personnel and local person
Germany, UK, Sweden have individual agreements with US to cooperate re: child support
No provision
![Page 16: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
12 MV-22 Ospreys * deployed to Okinawa despite massive protestsOctober 1-6, 2012
* Vertical take-off and landing transport aircraft
![Page 17: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Dangerous Military Aircraft
• Crashes --7 crashes with a total of 36 fatalities --April 2010 (Afghanistan) 4 killed, 16 injured --April 2012 (Morocco) 2 killed, 2 injured --June 2012 (Florida) 5 injured• Noise • Low-frequency noise• Training in Hawai’i canceled (August 2012)
possible impact on archaeological resources by downwash generated by the aircraft
![Page 18: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Okinawans Protest against Deployment of Ospreys
9/9/2012 100,000 Okinawans protest
Police forcibly remove sit-in protesters in front of a base gate
![Page 19: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
U.S. Military Budget
• Government estimates of military spending -- Department of Defense budget only
• Military-related costs in other departments: -- Veterans’ benefits (Dept. of Veterans Affairs) -- Nuclear weapons & research (Dept. of Energy) -- Interest on the national debt (mostly due to
military spending; U.S. Treasury) • 2012 -- $1,372 billion, or 48% of the total U.S.
budget (War Resisters League ).
![Page 20: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
http://www.usfederalbudget.us/defense_budget_2012_3.html
![Page 21: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
2009 Fiscal YearTotal Outlays (Federal Funds): $2,650 billion
MILITARY: 54% and $1,449 billionNON-MILITARY: 46% and $1,210 billion
http://www.warresisters.org/pages/piechart.htm
![Page 22: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
U.S. Military Spending vs. The World
• U.S. military spending – Dept. of Defense plus nuclear weapons – is equal to the military spending of the next 15 countries combined.
• U.S. share of: --Military spending : 47 % of the world’s total --GDP: about 21 % of the world’s total
![Page 23: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
What Can We Do?
• Write to your representatives to Congress --sponsor a hearing on sexual violence committed by US military in Okinawa
--redirect of the use of tax money away from the military
• Spread the word in your community --Living Along the Fencleine --Visit websites and blogs• Follow news and write to news organizations• Other ideas?
![Page 24: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Thank you!
![Page 25: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
U.S. military spending
• In 2011, the United States spends 58 percent of the total defense dollars paid out by the world's top 10 military powers, which combined for $1.19 trillion in military funding in 2011. With its unparalleled global reach, the US outspends China, the next-biggest military power, by nearly 6-to-1.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/06/defense-spending-fact-of-the-day_n_1746685.html
![Page 26: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
How the Network Got Started
1995 12-year-old girl abducted & raped by 3 US servicemen in Okinawa
1996 Okinawan women’s “peace caravan” – SF, Washington, DC, NYC, Honolulu
1997 International meeting in Okinawa – Okinawa, South Korea, Philippines, Japan, continental U.S.
![Page 27: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Past Network Meetings
• 1997 Okinawa • 1998 Washington, D.C. – “East Asia-U.S.
Women’s Network against U.S. Militarism”• 2000 Okinawa – Puerto Rican activist joined
the meeting “East Asia-U.S.-Puerto Rico Women’s Network against U.S. Militarism”
• 2002 South Korea – hosted by SAFE Korea (new coalition of women’s groups)
![Page 28: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Past Network Meetings - 2
• 2004 Philippines – hosted by Philippine Women’s Network for Peace and Security
--Hawai’i joined South Korea, Puerto Rico, the United States, and the Philippines
• 2007 San Francisco – hosted by Women for Genuine Security
-- Guam/Guahan joined South Korea, Japan, Okinawa, Puerto Rico, US, and Philippines
![Page 29: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Past Network Meetings - 3
• 2009 Guam/Guahan –hosted by 9 local groups
-- Women from Australia & Republic of Belau joined Okinawa, South Korea, Puerto Rico, Hawai'i, Philippines, Japan, U.S.
• 2012 Puerto Rico
![Page 30: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Historical Context
• http://www.genuinesecurity.org/aboutus/timeline.html
• Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam -- colonized by Spain.
• 1898 Treaty of Paris (Spanish-American War)-- ceded to the United States
• World War II -- Philippines and Guam were occupied first by Japan and then by the United States
![Page 31: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Historical Context - 2
• Philippines – independence in 1946
• Guam & Puerto Rico – “unincorporated territories” of US
-- US citizenship (P.R. 1917; Guam:1950 ) -- No voting rights in presidential elections -- A delegate in House of Representatives with limited voting privileges
![Page 32: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Historical Context - 3
Japanese colonialism and militarism
• Okinawa, South Korea, Philippines, Guam -- colonized or occupied by Japan
• Hawai’i was attached by Japanese warplanes in 1941
![Page 33: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Military Bases and Tourism
Commonalities among Guam, Hawai’i, Okinawa (& P.R.)
• Climate & Vegetation• U.S. military presence• Tourism industry
![Page 34: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Issues
• Military toxics & environmental contamination -- Radioactive materials -- Chemicals -- Noise pollution
• Health issues -- Cancers (Vieques, P.R., Guam, Texas) -- Cerebral palsy (Philippines)
![Page 35: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Issues - 2• Violence against women & girls
-- 1995 Rape of 12-year-old girl in Okinawa -- 2005 Rape of Nichole J. (22) in Philippines -- Many unreported cases (e.g., Yumi in film)• Other crimes
-- 2002 US tank killed 2 junior high school girls in South Korea
-- Military planes/helicopter crashes -- Thefts, burglary, robbery
![Page 36: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Issues - 3
• Amerasian children--Philippines, Okinawa, South Korea
-- US soldier-father does not: *acknowledge child *provide child support -- Discrimination in host countries * esp. children of African American soldiers -- No int’l agreement b/w US & host countries
![Page 37: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Issues - 4
• Military budget -- U.S. : 48% of federal budget
-- Japan: “sympathy budget” (Japan pays for rent, Japanese employees, etc.) in addition to “Host Nation Support”
• Military recruitment – ROTC, JROTC• Distorted local economy dependence on the
military
![Page 38: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Activities• International meetings & reports back • Education -- anti-militarism fashion show (WGS, SF, Guam) -- peace caravan (Okinawan women) -- postcards (South Korea, WGS) -- documentary films (South Korea, WGS)• Campaigns -- Support for Lolas, Nicole J (Philippines) -- !000 letters to 1000 fathers of Amerasian children
(Philippines) --Bumper sticker campaign (Guam)
![Page 39: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Activities • Research & publication• Five-language peace activist dictionary• Lobbying• Letter writing• Petitions/resolutions -- Resolution demanding release of political
prisoner (Puerto Rico)• Statements -- Statement issued after 3.11 (less military
spending and more resources for relief)
![Page 40: International Human Rights Day Sexual Violence by the U.S. Military in Okinawa: What Can We Do? December 10, 2012 Michiko Hase](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649da95503460f94a97787/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Activities• Work with prostituted women --Training & job training (Philippines) -- Alternative work & store (Philippines) -- Counseling (South Korea, Philippines) -- Health care (South Korea) -- Art therapy (South Korea)• Art – quilts, fabric art, mandala, collective painting,
dance, music • Websites, Facebook• Collaboration with other groups -- Co-sponsor event with Code Pink (WGS) -- Collaborate with the Occupy movement?