international quality assurance programme (iqap ...€¦ · international quality assurance...

61
INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report BIOLOGICAL SPECIMEN 2018/2

Upload: others

Post on 29-Sep-2020

6 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY

ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP)

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE

EXERCISES (ICE)

Summary Report

BIOLOGICAL SPECIMEN

2018/2

Page 2: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (2)

Table of contents Introduction Page 3

Comments from the International Panel of Forensic Experts

Page

3

NPS reported by ICE participants Page 5 Codes and Abbreviations Page 7

Sample 1 Analysis Page 8 Identified substances Page 8

Statement of findings Page 10

Identification methods Page 14

Summary Page 17

Z-Scores Page 18

Sample 2 Analysis Page 22 Identified substances Page 22

Statement of findings Page 24

Identification methods Page 28

Summary Page 31

Z-Scores Page 32

Sample 3 Analysis Page 35 Identified substances Page 35

Statement of findings Page 37

Identification methods Page 41

Summary Page 44

Z-Scores Page 45

Sample 4 Analysis Page 48 Identified substances Page 48

Statement of findings Page 50

Identification methods Page 54

Summary Page 57

Z-Scores Page 58

Test Samples Information

Samples Comments on samples

Sample 1 To prepare BS-1, urine was spiked with methanolic solutions of Buprenorphine HCl (570ng base/ml) and Norbuprenorphine (580ng base/ml). The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised

Sample 2 To prepare BS-2, urine was spiked with an aqueous solution of Tenamfetamine HCl (1150ng base/ml). The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised.

Sample 3 To prepare BS-3, urine was spiked with an aqueous solution of Mephedrone HCl (479ng base/ml). The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised.

Sample 4 To prepare BS-4, urine was spiked with an aqueous solution of Morphine sulphate (580ng base/ml). The spiked urine was dispensed in 50ml aliquots and lyophilised.

Samples Substances Concentrations Comments on substances

Sample 1 Buprenorphine 570 ng/ml

Norbuprenorphine 580 ng/ml

Sample 2 Tenamfetamine (MDA) 1150 ng/ml

Sample 3 Mephedrone 479 ng/ml

Sample 4 Morphine (Total) 580 ng/ml

Page 3: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (3)

Introduction

An important element of the UNODC International Quality Assurance Programme (IQAP) is the implementation of the International Collaborative Exercises (ICE). The exercises allow laboratories, from both developing and developed countries to continuously monitor their performance in drug testing on a truly global scale. This report provides information on analytical results of laboratories participating in the Seized Materials (SM) group. In order to maintain confidentiality, the participating laboratories have been assigned random “Web Codes”, which change every round. The analytical results returned by laboratories participating in ICE are evaluated by UNODC and a confidential report is provided to each laboratory on its own performance. The overall analytical results are reviewed by the UNODC’s International Panel of Forensic Experts which oversees the implementation of these exercises, and offers guidance and support in addressing relevant quality issues. The exercises provide an overview of the performance and capacity of participating laboratories and enable UNODC to tailor technical support in the laboratory sector for greatest impact. The ICE programme is a UNODC mandated activity and is implemented through regular budget funds and through the UNODC Global Scientific and Forensic Programme – Support Project (GLOU54), which operationalizes the forensic aspects of the UNODC Thematic Programme on Research, Trend Analysis and Forensics"

Comments from the International Panel of Forensic Experts

Participation of Laboratories In the 2018/2 round of the ICE programme, results were submitted within both the Seized Materials (SM) and Biological Specimens (BS) test groups by 231 laboratories in 77 countries. Within the BS test group, results were submitted by 82 laboratories from 46 countries and within the SM test group, there were 194 participating laboratories from 69 countries.

Qualitative Analysis The analytical technique most commonly used for screening of test samples in the BS test group were immunoassays (67% of participants), while GC-MS (78%) was the most commonly used technique for identification/confirmation of the components in the test samples. The results for the qualitative identification of the sample components in the BS test group, the number of false positive/negative results and the analyses not performed are shown in table 1.

Test sample BS-1

Buprenorphine BS-1

Norbuprenorphine

BS-2 Tenamfetamine

(MDA)

BS-3 Mephedrone

BS-4 Morphine

Correct identification

67% 48% 81% 47% 80%

At least 1 drug: 68%

Number of false positives

2 10 4 5

Number of false negatives

10 8 17 11

Number of analyses not performed

(ANP)

16 7 26 5

Table 1. Qualitative performance of participants in the 2018/2 round of ICE.

Page 4: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (4)

In general, the number of false positives reported for the four test samples has increased slightly from previous round. 6 laboratories found reported amfetamine for BS-2 (MDA). The number of false negative results and analyses not performed for buprenorphine and mephedrone in BS-1 and BS-3 respectively are concerning. Laboratories reporting false positive or false negative results should investigate the reasons for this and corrective actions should be taken as soon as possible in order to continuously improve performance. ICE participants are reminded that test samples can contain any of the substances in the ICE menu and as such if methods are available, all substances should be considered. Quantitative Analysis The test samples in the BS group for the 2018/2 round of ICE contained a total of five components and 38 (46%) of participating laboratories performed quantification. Of these laboratories, it is encouraging to note that 78% of laboratories quantified at least two components and 52% performed quantification of at least three test sample. LC/MS(/MS), used by 57% of participants, was the most commonly used technique for quantitation, followed by, GC-MS which was used by 55% of participants. z-scores obtained by participants in quantification are shown in the table below (percentage + no. of labs indicated).

z-score

Test sample

BS-1 Buprenorphine

BS-1 Norbuprenorphine

BS-2 Tenamfetamine

(MDA)

BS-3 Mephedrone

BS-4 Morphine

|z| < 2, satisfactory

87% (21) 87% (14) 87% (27) 85% (17) 84% (30)

2 ≤ |z| ≤ 3, questionable

0% (0) 13% (2) 6.5% (2) 0% (0) 8% (3)

|z| > 3, unsatisfactory

13% (3) 0% (0) 6.5% (2) 15% (3) 8% (3)

Table 2. Quantitative performance of participants in the 2018/2 round of ICE.

According to the recommendations in ISO 13528:2005, an unsatisfactory z-score is considered to give an action signal and a questionable z-score is considered to give a warning signal. A single action signal or warning signals in two successive rounds shall be taken that an anomaly has occurred that requires investigation. Participants with z-scores outside acceptable limits should review their quantification procedures as soon as possible. Of the 4 laboratories that obtained a single action or warning signal in ICE rounds 2017/2 and 2018/1, all 4 participated in 2018/2 and 2 of these improved their performance in quantitation. The laboratories IN9RUR and YCH0DH also obtained action or warning signals in 2018/2. The following laboratories obtained a single action signal or warning signal in the two successive rounds of 2018/1 and 2018/2 and shall take this as anomaly, which requires further investigation: A0OXAA, IN9RUR and YCH0DH. Laboratories that need to perform quantitation routinely are encouraged to participate regularly in external proficiency testing or collaborative exercises such as the ICE programme. This will enable laboratories to assess the quality of their quantitative methods through the z-score values obtained. Laboratories reporting false positive or false negative results should investigate the root causes and corrective actions taken promptly in order to continuously improve performance. Participation in the ICE programme also helps in monitoring the effect of corrective actions. UNODC would like to acknowledge the valuable contribution of the Chemical Metrology Laboratory of the Health Sciences Authority, Singapore, for the provision of specific software used for the quantitative statistical calculations in the ICE programme.

Page 5: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (5)

New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) reported by laboratories participating in the 2018/2 round of the ICE programme During the 2018/2 round of ICE, participating laboratories provided information on NPS that had been identified in their laboratories. In total there were 175 reports of 116 substances. The most commonly reported substances were synthetic cannabinoids (35%) followed by synthetic cathinones as shown in figure 1.

Figure 1. NPS reported by ICE laboratories during the 2018/2 round of ICE

In terms of the mode of action of the NPS reported by ICE participants, the predominant substances reported were synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRA) (35%), while 34% were stimulants as shown in figure 2.

Figure 2. Mode of action of NPS reported by ICE participants in the 2018/2 round of ICE

Synthetic

cannabinoids

35%

Synthetic

cathinones

26%

Other substances

22%

Phenethylamines

9%

Phencyclidine-type

substances

6%

Tryptamines

2%

Synthetic

cannabinoid

receptor agonists

35%

Stimulants

34%

Hallucinogens

10%

Opioids

8%

Dissociatives

5%

Sedatives/Hypnotics

5%

Others

3%

Page 6: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (6)

NPS most commonly reported by laboratories participating in ICE 2018/2 The substances most often reported by ICE participants was ketamine followed equally by the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists 5F-MDMB-PINACA (methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate and 5F-MDMB-PICA (methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate. For further details on these substances and others reported to the UNODC Early Warning Advisory, ICE participants can log on to the UNODC ICE portal and select the icon for the Early Warning Advisory on New Psychoactive substances as shown below.

Page 7: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (7)

Codes and Abbreviations

(+) “positive”: Indicates that the analyte is identified; for presumptive tests (e.g. colour reactions), indicates that a positive reaction was obtained.

(-) “negative”: Indicates that the analyte is not identified.

(ANP): Analysis not performed.

Tech Code Name

100 Agglutination Techniques

110 Enzyme Immunoassay Techniques

120 Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay

130 Radioimmunoassay

140 Colorimetric reactions

141 Marquis reagent (sulphuric acid, formaldehyde)

142 Cobalt thiocyanate

150 Thin Layer Chromatography

160 High/Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography

161 High Performance Liquid Chromatography with diode array detection

170 Gas Chromatography NPD

171 Gas Chromatography FID

172 Gas Chromatography ECD

180 Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

190 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry

200 Spectrophotometry (visible, UV)

210 Others (specify)

211 NMR

220 Microcrystal test

230 Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

231 Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Page 8: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (8)

Sample 1 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 1

Code Identified Substances

00000O Norbuprenorphine

1HEGK1 no

2KL95S Buprenorphine

2UHVZC Buprenorphine

3WPSZE Buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine

3ZOOHF Buprenorphine, norbuprenorfine

4NNLPS buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine

4XHLLX Buprenorhine+Norbup.

6Z2TA9 Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

777IU7 Buprenorphine

8WW6WW Buprenorphine

9MWBRW Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

A0OXAA buprenorphine

AOALOI Buprenorphine + Norbuprenorphine

BYZEPB buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine

BZSSB8 Buprenorphine & Norbuprenorphine

CUNPOI buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine

D33SRV it was not detected

D4772O buprenorphine and nor-buprenorphine

DDY2DD Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine

E47YBI BUPRENORPHINE AND NORBUPRENORPHINE

EBDJXR Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine

FEA6EH Buprenorphine and metabolite

GGTDYG Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

H8FZWN NO DRUGS FOUND

HOLD90 Buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine

HSWKUL Burprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine

IN9RUR buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine

JFTVTM Presumptive positive for buprenorphine

JPOZ8N Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

KDZKKK Buprenorphine,norbuprenorphine

KTKKKF NONE

KRRRN6 Buprenorphine

LE41AE Methadone,Buprenorphine,Norbuprenorphine

LLFN8Z Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

LM8PKA Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine

M777NY Norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine

MAH4QP Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

MCACFX Buprenophine and Norbuprenophine

MDVYFO GHB and Cafaine

Page 9: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (9)

Code Identified Substances

O7OFOO caffeine

OD2E2Y buprenorphine

OXYY2Y Buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine.

P6DPPB buprenorphine (and metabolite norbuprenorphine)

PDXSBK Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

PHPXWP Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

PKPP6Z buprenorphine

QZQQJK Buprenorphine,Norbuprenorphine

RKBNUU buprenorphine

ROX4OE caffeine

RTTT7I Buprenorphine

T4ABZZ Buprenorphine

URVVJU Buprenorphine

UUYZCH Buprenorphine

WWWLML Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

XHGD6Q buprenorphine and norbuprnorphine

XTHTTP Buprenorphine

YCH0DH Buprenorphine

YZTBB3 Buprenorphine + Norbuprenorphine

ZXDXXD Opiates

Page 10: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (10)

Statement of findings for Test Sample 1

Code Buprenorphine Norbuprenorphine

00000O - + Analytical adverse finding for norbuprenorphine

0OG0ZF ANP ANP

1HEGK1 ANP ANP Methylecgonine, norketamine, buprenorphine and GBL are not measured

2KL95S + ANP Buprenorphine detected

2UHVZC + +

3WPSZE + + This person consumed buprenorphine.

3ZOOHF + + no

4NNLPS + + Presence of buprenorphine and its metabolite

4XHLLX + + Sample positive for buprenorphine and metabolite

5XCFLX ANP ANP

6Z2TA9 + +

71IHN1 ANP ANP

72FDEJ - - Listed drugs could not be detected in the test sample 2018/2/BS-1.

777IU7 + ANP BS-1 was screened positive for Buprenorphine

8RXHHN - ANP

8WW6WW + ANP Buprenorphine was detected in BS-1 sample.

9D9AM9 - ANP

9MWBRW + + The presence of buprenorphine and its metabolite in urine indicates the intake of buprenorphine.

A0OXAA + ANP detoxication treatment

AOALOI + + Screening 161Tech Confirmation 180 Tech

BYZEPB + + buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine

BZSSB8 + + Buprenorphine & Norbuprenorphine were identified by GC-MS

C55QDO ANP ANP

Page 11: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (11)

Code Buprenorphine Norbuprenorphine

CJKDKK - -

CUNPOI + +

D33SRV ANP ANP a spot was seen but not detected

D4772O + + Nor-buprenorphine: only cualitative results

DDY2DD + + No comments

DGSFEM ANP ANP

E47YBI + +

E62NRW ANP ANP

EBDJXR + + The presence of Buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in the sample indicates buprenorphine consumption.

EJ94XN ANP ANP The sample has negative results for : BARBITURATES, BENZODIAZEPINES, CANNABINOIDS, COCAINE and/or METABOLITES, OPIATES/OPIOIDS.

FEA6EH + + Findings are consistent with the use of buprenorphine.

FSFDFS ANP ANP No common drugs were detected in sample 2018/2/BS-1.

GCFZSF - -

GGTDYG + + Drug result: Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine. Indicative of opioid consumption.

H8FZWN ANP ANP caffeine

HOLD90 + + We found buprenorphine as a psychotropic substance and norbuprenorphine as an uncontrolled drugs based on INCB Green List regulation.

HSWKUL + + Burprenorphine is an opioid used to treat pain and opioid addiction. In the United States buprenorphine is a Schedule III substance. Norbuprenorphine is an active metabolite of buprenorphine and is not scheduled in the United States.

IN9RUR + + positive

JFTVTM + ANP Presumptive positive was obtained for buprenorphine, however this was not unequivocally confirmed

JPOZ8N + +

KDZKKK + + Sample 2018/2/BS-1 contain buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine.

KRRRN6 + - In the sample was detected Buprenorphine, this finding indicates that Buprenorphine was consumed.

Page 12: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (12)

Code Buprenorphine Norbuprenorphine

KTKKKF ANP ANP SAMPLE 2018/2/BS-1 FOUND NOT TO CONTAIN ANY DRUGS

LE41AE + + The drugs detected are synthetic opioids.Methadone is being used as a treatment for addiction to other opioids.Buprenorpine is used to treat opioid addiction,acute and chronic pain.Norbuprenorphine is the active metabolite of buprenorphine.

LJJTNL + +

LLFN8Z + + Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine

LM8PKA + + In urine sample nº 1, buprenorphine e norbuprenorphine were identified.

M777NY + +

MAH4QP + + The sample contains drugs

MCACFX + + Opioid drugs

MDVYFO ANP ANP after chemical analysis was performed the sample was contained GHB and Cafaine

N4VNND ANP ANP

N8S888 - -

O7OFOO - - Caffeine is a xanthine stimulant.

OD2E2Y + -

OKMKHO - -

OOIA3T - ANP

OXYY2Y + + The sample contains buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine.

P6DPPB + +

PDXSBK + + Buprenorphine Detected Norbuprenorphine Detected

PHPXWP + + Sample is positive for Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine.

PKPP6Z + -

QZQQJK + + -

RKBNUU + - the sample contains buprenorphine, a narcotic analgesic drug.

ROX4OE ANP ANP

Page 13: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (13)

Code Buprenorphine Norbuprenorphine

RTTT7I + ANP Buprenorphine detected.

T4ABZZ + - Sample BS-1 containing 609Ng/Ml of Buprenorphine

TCLLL5 - - No drugs detected using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GCMS)

URVVJU + ANP Buprenorphine, which is an analgesic opioid, was found in the urine, but the metabolites buprenorphine glucuronide and norbuprenorphine glucuronide was not found, this could indicate a manipulated sample if it came from a real donor.

UUYZCH + ANP Buprenorphine therapy or abuse.

WWWLML + +

XHGD6Q + + Buprenorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid analgesic used for the substitutive management of opiate dependant individuals. It is mainly metabolized by N-dealkylation into norbuprenorphine.

XTHTTP + ANP

XY777I + +

YCH0DH + ANP Caffeine

YD4O4O + +

YZTBB3 + + Buprenorphine and it's metabolite Norbuprenorphine

ZTYWOT ANP ANP Test sample 2018/2/BS-1 does not contain controlled drugs therefore Negative for Screening and Confirmatory analyses.

ZXDXXD + - Buprenorfine

Page 14: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (14)

Identification methods for Test Sample 1

Analytical Technique Codes

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

00000O SI SI

0OG0ZF S I

2KL95S I

2UHVZC I I

3WPSZE S I I

3ZOOHF I I

4NNLPS SI S SI

4XHLLX S I

5XCFLX S I I

6Z2TA9 S I S I

71IHN1 S I

72FDEJ SI

777IU7 SI I

8RXHHN S I I

8WW6W W

S I

9D9AM9 SI I

9MWBRW S I SI

A0OXAA SI

AOALOI SI I SI Immunochimique.ochromatog raphique

BYZEPB SI SI

BZSSB8 S I

C55QDO S I

CJKDKK S I

CUNPOI S I I

D33SRV SI

D4772O S I I

DDY2DD S I I

DGSFEM I

E47YBI S I

E62NRW S I

EBDJXR I SI S lateral flow inmnunochromatographic assay

EJ94XN S

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Page 15: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (15)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

FEA6EH S I SI

FSFDFS SI

GCFZSF S SI

GGTDYG SI

H8FZWN S I I

HOLD90 S I I

HSWKUL I LC-QTOF

IN9RUR I SI SFC-MS/MS

JFTVTM SI SI

JPOZ8N S I LC/QTOF

KDZKKK S I

KRRRN6 I S Lateral Flow Immunoassay

KTKKKF SI

LE41AE S I I

LJJTNL S I I I

LLFN8Z I I I Kinetic Interactions of Microparticles

LM8PKA I

M777NY S I I SI

MAH4QP S I SI

MCACFX I I S chemical immunoessay techniques

MDVYFO S SI

N4VNND I SI S randox

N8S888 I I TRIAGE8, ALERE Cup

O7OFOO SI SI

OD2E2Y S I I

OKMKHO I I S Immunoassay Techniques

OOIA3T S I

OXYY2Y SI

P6DPPB I SI

PDXSBK S I I

PHPXWP S I S LC-TOF

PKPP6Z S I SI

QZQQJK SI

RKBNUU S I

ROX4OE S I

RTTT7I S I I

T4ABZZ S I I

TCLLL5 I

Page 16: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (16)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

URVVJU S SI

UUYZCH I I S

WWWLM L

S I SI

XHGD6Q S I I I

XTHTTP S SI I SI

XY777I S I I

YCH0DH S I

YD4O4O S I I

YZTBB3 I S immunoassay test

ZTYWOT I I S DTK

ZXDXXD I SI Buprenorfine Dipro Drug lab screen

Page 17: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (17)

RESPONSE SUMMARY FOR TEST SAMPLE 1

The response summary of all 82 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-1, frequency of use of

screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives:

Identification of Test Sample-1:

Substance Name Number of laboratories correctly identifying:

Buprenorphine 55

Norbuprenorphine 40

False positives for Test Sample-1:

Round Code Substance Reported Tech Code

LE41AE Methadone 231

MDVYFO gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid 180

False negatives for Test Sample-1:

Round Code Tech Code

72FDEJ 180

8RXHHN 180

9D9AM9 150, 180

CJKDKK 150

GCFZSF 180

N8S888 180

O7OFOO 180, 231

OKMKHO 150, 180

OOIA3T 180

TCLLL5 180

Analysis not performed for Test Sample-1:

0OG0ZF, 1HEGK1, 5XCFLX, 71IHN1, C55QDO, D33SRV, DGSFEM, E62NRW, EJ94XN, FSFDFS, H8FZWN, KTKKKF MDVYFO, N4VNND, ROX4OE and ZTYWOT.

Frequency of use of screening, identification and quantification techniques:

Response Summary

Participants 82

Technique 100

110 120 141 150 160 161 170 171 172 180 210 230 231

Screening (No.) 2 45 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 15 12 3 15

(%) 2.4 54.9 1.2 0.0 3.7 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.3 14.6 3.7 18.3

Identification (No.) 0 3 0 0 8 0 7 2 1 0 64 1 9 33

(%) 0.0 3.7 0.0 0.0 9.8 0.0 8.5 2.4 1.2 0.0 78.0 1.2 11.0 40.2

Quantification (No.) 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 0 2 13

(%) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29.2 0.0 8.3 54.2

Participants: 82

Page 18: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance: Round: 2018/2 Substance: BS-1; Buprenorphine

Z-scores can be interpreted by participants in line with ISO 13528:2005, section 7.4.2 and ISO/IEC guide43-1:1997(E) as follows:

IzI < 2 = satisfactory

2 ≤ IzI ≤ 3 = questionable

IzI > 3 = unsatisfactory

According to the recommendations in ISO 13528:2005, an unsatisfactory z-score is considered to give an action signal and a questionable z-score is

considered to give a warning signal. A single action signal or warning signal in two successive rounds shall be taken that an anomaly has occurred

that requires investigation.

Robust average: 626 ng/ml

UNODC value: 570 ng/ml

Page 19: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance: Round: 2018/2 Substance: BS-1; Norbuprenorphine

Z-scores can be interpreted by participants in line with ISO 13528:2005, section 7.4.2 and ISO/IEC guide43-1:1997(E) as follows:

IzI < 2 = satisfactory

2 ≤ IzI ≤ 3 = questionable

IzI > 3 = unsatisfactory

According to the recommendations in ISO 13528:2005, an unsatisfactory z-score is considered to give an action signal and a questionable z-score is

considered to give a warning signal. A single action signal or warning signal in two successive rounds shall be taken that an anomaly has occurred

that requires investigation.

Robust average: 553 ng/ml

UNODC value: 580 ng/ml

Page 20: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (20)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance:

Page 21: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (21)

Z-Scores for Test Sample 1

Code

Buprenorphine

Code

Norbuprenorphine

Concentration (mass%)

Deviation from

robust average

z-score Concentration (mass%)

Deviation from

robust average

z-score

4XHLLX 20.0 -606.0 -1.8 4XHLLX 40.0 -513.0 -2.3 4NNLPS 136.0 -490.0 -1.5 QZQQJK 225.0 -328.0 -1.5

2UHVZC 153.3 -472.8 -1.4 2UHVZC 352.0 -201.0 -0.9

CUNPOI 260.0 -366.0 -1.1 DDY2DD 406.0 -147.0 -0.7

M777NY 344.0 -282.0 -0.9 FEA6EH 487.0 -66.0 -0.3

QZQQJK 400.0 -226.0 -0.7 CUNPOI 490.0 -63.0 -0.3

DDY2DD 435.0 -191.0 -0.6 PHPXWP 496.0 -57.0 -0.3

UUYZCH 454.0 -172.0 -0.5 XHGD6Q 528.0 -25.0 -0.1

FEA6EH 542.0 -84.0 -0.3 LLFN8Z 534.0 -19.0 -0.1

PHPXWP 561.0 -65.0 -0.2 3WPSZE 550.0 -3.0 0.0

LLFN8Z 601.0 -25.0 -0.1 XY777I 654.0 101.0 0.5

T4ABZZ 609.0 -17.0 -0.1 4NNLPS 678.0 125.0 0.6

3WPSZE 626.0 0.0 0.0 MAH4QP 780.0 227.0 1.0

XY777I 668.0 42.0 0.1 M777NY 781.0 228.0 1.0

XTHTTP 715.7 89.7 0.3 6Z2TA9 980.0 427.0 1.9

XHGD6Q 716.0 90.0 0.3 WWWLML 1003.0 450.0 2.0

A0OXAA 781.0 155.0 0.5

URVVJU 802.0 176.0 0.5

D4772O 850.0 224.0 0.7

MAH4QP 890.0 264.0 0.8

OXYY2Y 1075.0 449.0 1.4

6Z2TA9 1890.0 1264.0 3.8

WWWLML 1971.0 1345.0 4.1

YCH0DH 9017.0 8391.0 25.6

Page 22: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (22)

Sample 2 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 2

Code Identified Substances

00000O MDA

0OG0ZF MDA

1HEGK1 MDA

2KL95S Tenamfetamine

2UHVZC Mephedrone

3WPSZE MDA

3ZOOHF Tenamfetamine/MDA/

4NNLPS MDA

4XHLLX MDA

5XCFLX MDA

6Z2TA9 MDA

71IHN1 MDA

777IU7 Tenamfetamine (MDA)

8RXHHN MDA, Buphenorphine

8WW6WW Tenamfetamine (MDA)

9MWBRW MDA

A0OXAA MDA

AOALOI Amphetamine

BYZEPB MDA

BZSSB8 Amfetamine & Tenamfetamine (MDA)

C55QDO Tenamfetamine

CJKDKK Amphétamine, Méthamphétamine

CUNPOI MDA

D33SRV amfetamine

D4772O MDA

DDY2DD MDA

E47YBI MDA

E62NRW amphetamines

EBDJXR MDA

FEA6EH Methylenedioxyamphetamine

FSFDFS Tenamfetamine (MDA)

GCFZSF MDA

GGTDYG MDA

H8FZWN NO DRUGS FOUND

HOLD90 Tenamfetamine

HSWKUL MDA

IN9RUR MDA

JFTVTM MDA

JPOZ8N MDA

KDZKKK MDA

Page 23: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (23)

Code Identified Substances

KRRRN6 Tenamfetamine

KTKKKF TENAMFETAMINE (MDA)

LE41AE MDA

LLFN8Z MDA

LM8PKA Tenamfetamine

M777NY MDA

MAH4QP MDA

MCACFX Mephedrone and Tenamfetamine (MDA)

MDVYFO MDA,Amfetamine and cafaine

N8S888 MDA

O7OFOO Tenamfetamine (MDA)

OD2E2Y tenamfetamine(MDA)

OKMKHO 3,4 Methylenedioxymetanfetamina (MDMA)

OOIA3T Tenamfetamine (MDA)

OXYY2Y Tenamfetamine (MDA)

P6DPPB MDA

PDXSBK MDA

PHPXWP MDA

PKPP6Z MDA

QZQQJK Tenamfetamine (MDA)

RKBNUU tenamfetamine (MDA)

ROX4OE MDA, caffeine, theobromine

RTTT7I Tenamfetamine (MDA)

T4ABZZ MDA

TCLLL5 Tenamfetamine (MDA)

URVVJU MDA

UUYZCH MDA

WWWLML Tenamfetamine (MDA)

XHGD6Q MDA

XTHTTP Tenamfetamine

YCH0DH Precusors of Sintesis de MDA, MDMA: N-formyl-MDA, 3,4MDP2P

YZTBB3 Tenamfetamine

ZXDXXD Amfetamine type stimulans

Page 24: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (24)

Statement of findings for Test Sample 2

Code Tenamfetamine (MDA)

00000O + Analytical adverse finding for MDA

0OG0ZF +

1HEGK1 ANP

2KL95S + Tenamfetamine (MDA) detected

2UHVZC -

3WPSZE + This person consumed MDA.

3ZOOHF + no

4NNLPS + Presence of MDA (methylendioxyamphetamine)

4XHLLX + Sample positive for tenamfetamine

5XCFLX + Indicates use of Tenamfetamine (MDA).

6Z2TA9 +

71IHN1 + The urine was analysed and found to contain MDA.

72FDEJ - Listed drugs could not be detected in the test sample 2018/2/BS-2.

777IU7 + BS-2 was positive for Tenamfetamine (MDA)

8RXHHN +

8WW6WW + Tenamfetamine (MDA) was detected in BS-2 sample.

9D9AM9 -

9MWBRW + The presence of MDA in urine indicates the intake of MDA.

A0OXAA + MDA abuse

AOALOI ANP Confirmation by 180 Analytical code

BYZEPB + MDA

BZSSB8 + Amfetamine & Tenamfetamine (MDA) were identified by GC-MS

C55QDO + Toxicological examination revealed the presence of Tenamfetamine

Page 25: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (25)

Code Tenamfetamine (MDA)

CJKDKK -

CUNPOI +

D33SRV ANP a spot with amfetamine s Rf was detected

D4772O -

DDY2DD + No comments

DGSFEM ANP

E47YBI +

E62NRW ANP

EBDJXR + The presence of MDA in the sample indicate consumption of MDA itself or consupmtion of MDMA. MDA is a metabolite of MDMA.

EJ94XN ANP The sample has negative results for : BARBITURATES, BENZODIAZEPINES, CANNABINOIDS, COCAINE and/or METABOLITES, OPIATES/OPIOIDS.

FEA6EH + Findings are consistent with use of MDA.

FSFDFS + Tenamfetamine (MDA) was detected in sample 2018/2/BS-2.

GCFZSF + It was detected the presence of MDA

GGTDYG + Drug result: MDA.

H8FZWN ANP caffeine

HOLD90 + We found Tenamfetamine (MDA) as a psychotropic substance based on INCB Green List regulation.

HSWKUL + 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine(MDA)isacentralnervoussystemstimulantandalsoa metabolite of MDMA and MDEA. MDA is a Schedule I substance in the United States.

IN9RUR + positive

JFTVTM + The urine specimen was found to contain MDA, demonstrating the prior ingestion of MDA or possibly MDEA

JPOZ8N +

KDZKKK + Sample 2018/2/BS-2 contain 3,4-metilendioxiamphetamine(MDA).

KRRRN6 + In the sample was detected Tenamfetamine, this finding indicates that Tenamfetamine was consumed.

Page 26: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (26)

Code Tenamfetamine (MDA)

KTKKKF + SAMPLE 2018/2/BS-2 FOUND TO CONTAIN TENAMFETAMINE (MDA)

LE41AE + MDA is a psychotropic amphetamine derivative.It is a minor metabolite of MDMA.It can also be found at low conentrations in MDMA tablets.

LJJTNL +

LLFN8Z + MDA

LM8PKA + In urine nº 2, tenamfetamine was identified.

M777NY +

MAH4QP + The sample contains drugs

MCACFX + Narcotic drugs

MDVYFO + after chemical analysis was performed the sample was contained MDA and Amfetamine

N4VNND -

N8S888 +

O7OFOO + Tenamfetamine (MDA) is a stimulant.

OD2E2Y +

OKMKHO - La sustancia encontrada fue obtenida mediante GS-MS

OOIA3T +

OXYY2Y + The sample contains Tenamfetamine (MDA).

P6DPPB +

PDXSBK + Methylenedioxyamphetamine Detected > 1mg/L

PHPXWP + Sample is positive for MDA.

PKPP6Z +

QZQQJK + -

RKBNUU + the sample contains tenamfetamine (MDA), an amphetamine type stimulant drug.

ROX4OE +

Page 27: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (27)

Code Tenamfetamine (MDA)

RTTT7I + Tenamfetamine (MDA) detected.

T4ABZZ + Sample BS-2 Containing 1290 Ng/Ml of MDA

TCLLL5 + Tenamfetamine detected using GCMS.

URVVJU + The sample was found to contain MDA, which is a drug with stimulating and hallucinogenic effects. The finding could be due to intake of MDA or as a metabolite after MDMA (extacy) intake.

UUYZCH + Tenamphetamine abuse.

WWWLML +

XHGD6Q + 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), is an empathogen-entactogen, psychostimulant, and psychedelic drug of the amphetamine family that is encountered mainly as a recreational drug. Due to its euphoriant and hallucinogenic effects, the drug is a controlled substance and its possession and sale are illegal in France. MDA is also a primary metabolite, the product of hepatic N-dealkylation of MDMA (ecstasy).

XTHTTP +

XY777I +

YCH0DH - Caffeine, Theobromine

YD4O4O +

YZTBB3 + tenamfetamine

ZTYWOT ANP Test sample 2018/2/BS-2 does not contain controlled drugs therefore Negative for Screening and Confirmatory analyses.

ZXDXXD - MDMA, Amfetamine

Page 28: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (28)

Identification methods for Test Sample 2

Analytical Technique Codes

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

00000O SI SI

0OG0ZF S I

2KL95S I

2UHVZC I I

3WPSZE S I I

3ZOOHF I I

4NNLPS SI S SI

4XHLLX S I

5XCFLX S I I

6Z2TA9 S I S I

71IHN1 S I

72FDEJ SI

777IU7 SI I

8RXHHN S I I

8WW6W W

S I

9D9AM9 SI I

9MWBRW S I SI

A0OXAA SI

AOALOI SI I SI Immunochimique.ochromatog raphique

BYZEPB SI SI

BZSSB8 S I

C55QDO S I

CJKDKK S I

CUNPOI S I I

D33SRV SI

D4772O S I I

DDY2DD S I I

DGSFEM I

E47YBI S I

E62NRW S I

EBDJXR I SI S lateral flow inmnunochromatographic assay

EJ94XN S

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Page 29: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (29)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

FEA6EH S I SI

FSFDFS SI

GCFZSF S SI

GGTDYG SI

H8FZWN S I I

HOLD90 S I I

HSWKUL I LC-QTOF

IN9RUR I SI SFC-MS/MS

JFTVTM SI SI

JPOZ8N S I LC/QTOF

KDZKKK S I

KRRRN6 I S Lateral Flow Immunoassay

KTKKKF SI

LE41AE S I I

LJJTNL S I I I

LLFN8Z I I I Kinetic Interactions of Microparticles

LM8PKA I

M777NY S I I SI

MAH4QP S I SI

MCACFX I I S chemical immunoessay techniques

MDVYFO S SI

N4VNND I SI S randox

N8S888 I I TRIAGE8, ALERE Cup

O7OFOO SI SI

OD2E2Y S I I

OKMKHO I I S Immunoassay Techniques

OOIA3T S I

OXYY2Y SI

P6DPPB I SI

PDXSBK S I I

PHPXWP S I S LC-TOF

PKPP6Z S I SI

QZQQJK SI

RKBNUU S I

ROX4OE S I

RTTT7I S I I

T4ABZZ S I I

TCLLL5 I

Page 30: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (30)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

URVVJU S SI

UUYZCH I I S

WWWLM L

S I SI

XHGD6Q S I I I

XTHTTP S SI I SI

XY777I S I I

YCH0DH S I

YD4O4O S I I

YZTBB3 I S immunoassay test

ZTYWOT I I S DTK

ZXDXXD I SI Buprenorfine Dipro Drug lab screen

Page 31: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (31)

RESPONSE SUMMARY FOR TEST SAMPLE 2

The response summary of all 82 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-2, frequency of use of

screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives:

Correct Identification of Test Sample-2:

Substance Name Number of laboratories correctly identifying:

Tenamfetamine (MDA) 67

False positives for Test Sample-2:

Round Code Substance Reported Tech Code

2UHVZC Mephedrone 230, 231

8RXHHN Buprenorphine 180

AOALOI Amfetamine 161, 180

BZSSB8 Amfetamine 180

CJKDKK Amfetamine, Metamfetamine 150

D33SRV Amfetamine 150

MCACFX Mephedrone 161, 180

MDVYFO Amfetamine 180

OKMKHO 3,4-methylenedioxymetamfetamine (MDMA) 150, 180

ZXDXXD 3,4-Methylenedioxymetamfetamine (MDMA),

Amfetamine

150

False negatives for Test Sample-2:

Round Code Tech Code Round Code Tech Code

2UHVZC 230, 231 N4VNND 170

72FDEJ 180 OKMKHO 150, 180

9D9AM9 150, 180 YCH0DH 180

CJKDKK 150 ZXDXXD 150

Analysis not performed for Test Sample-2:

AOALOI, D33SRV, DGSFEM, E62NRW, EJ94XN, H8FZWN and ZTYWOT.

Frequency of use of screening, identification and quantification techniques:

Response Summary

Participants 82

Technique 100

110 120 141 150 160 161 170 171 172 180 210 230 231

Screening (No.) 2 45 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 15 12 3 15

(%) 2.4 54.9 1.2 0.0 3.7 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.3 14.6 3.7 18.3

Identification (No.) 0 3 0 0 8 0 7 2 1 0 64 1 9 33

(%) 0.0 3.7 0.0 0.0 9.8 0.0 8.5 2.4 1.2 0.0 78.0 1.2 11.0 40.2

Quantification (No.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 1 3 11

(%) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48.4 3.2 9.7 35.5

Participants: 82

Page 32: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance: Round: 2018/2 Substance: BS-2; Tenamfetamine (MDA)

Z-scores can be interpreted by participants in line with ISO 13528:2005, section 7.4.2 and ISO/IEC guide43-1:1997(E) as follows:

IzI < 2 = satisfactory

2 ≤ IzI ≤ 3 = questionable

IzI > 3 = unsatisfactory

According to the recommendations in ISO 13528:2005, an unsatisfactory z-score is considered to give an action signal and a questionable z-score is

considered to give a warning signal. A single action signal or warning signal in two successive rounds shall be taken that an anomaly has occurred

that requires investigation.

Robust average: 1080 ng/ml

UNODC value: 1150 ng/ml

Page 33: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (33)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance:

Page 34: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (34)

Z-Scores for Test Sample 2

Code

Tenamfetamine (MDA)

Concentration (mass%)

Deviation from

robust average

z-score

N8S888 373.0 -707.0 -2.5 6Z2TA9 650.0 -430.0 -1.5

DDY2DD 690.0 -390.0 -1.4

4XHLLX 700.0 -380.0 -1.3

MDVYFO 718.0 -362.0 -1.3

WWWLML 755.0 -325.0 -1.1

OXYY2Y 792.7 -287.3 -1.0

MAH4QP 820.0 -260.0 -0.9

ROX4OE 950.0 -130.0 -0.5

LLFN8Z 992.0 -88.0 -0.3

1HEGK1 993.0 -87.0 -0.3

UUYZCH 1003.0 -77.0 -0.3

URVVJU 1032.0 -48.0 -0.2

D4772O 1053.7 -26.3 -0.1

3WPSZE 1073.0 -7.0 0.0

M777NY 1111.0 31.0 0.1

PHPXWP 1125.0 45.0 0.2

FEA6EH 1153.0 73.0 0.3

4NNLPS 1167.0 87.0 0.3

XTHTTP 1171.7 91.7 0.3

5XCFLX 1181.8 101.8 0.4

QZQQJK 1210.0 130.0 0.5

XY777I 1283.0 203.0 0.7

T4ABZZ 1290.0 210.0 0.7

XHGD6Q 1297.0 217.0 0.8

8RXHHN 1301.0 221.0 0.8

777IU7 1306.3 226.3 0.8

JPOZ8N 1357.0 277.0 1.0

A0OXAA 1921.0 841.0 3.0

CUNPOI 2200.0 1120.0 3.9

IN9RUR 2573.0 1493.0 5.3

Page 35: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (35)

Sample 3 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 3

Code Identified Substances

00000O mephedrone

1HEGK1 mephedrone

2UHVZC MDA, Ketamine

3WPSZE Mephedrone

3ZOOHF no

4NNLPS mephedrone

6Z2TA9 Mephedrone, Methcathinone

9MWBRW Mephedrone

A0OXAA mephedrone

AOALOI Mephedrone

BYZEPB MEPHEDRONE

BZSSB8 Mephedrone & gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)

CUNPOI 4-MMC (mephedrone)

D4772O mephedrone

DDY2DD Mephedrone

GCFZSF Mephedrone

H8FZWN NO DRUGS FOUND

HOLD90 Mephedrone

HSWKUL Mephedrone

IN9RUR mephedrone

JFTVTM Mephedrone

JPOZ8N Mephedrone

KDZKKK mephedrone

KTKKKF NONE

LE41AE MEPHEDRONE

LLFN8Z 4-methylmethcathinone

LM8PKA -

M777NY Mephedrone

MAH4QP Mephedrone

MCACFX gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)

MDVYFO Cafaine

O7OFOO Caffeine

OD2E2Y mephedrone

OXYY2Y Mephedrone

P6DPPB mephedrone

PDXSBK Mephedrone

QZQQJK Mephedrone

RKBNUU mephedrone

ROX4OE caffeine

RTTT7I -

Page 36: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (36)

Code Identified Substances

URVVJU Mephedrone

UUYZCH Mephedrone

WWWLML Mephedrone

XHGD6Q Mephedrone

XTHTTP Mephedrone

YZTBB3 Mephedrone

ZXDXXD none

Page 37: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (37)

Statement of findings for Test Sample 3

Code Mephedrone

00000O + Analytical adverse finding for mephedrone

0OG0ZF ANP

1HEGK1 ANP

2KL95S ANP Drug not detected

2UHVZC -

3WPSZE + This preson consumed mephedrone.

3ZOOHF - no

4NNLPS + Presence of mephedrone (4-MMC)

4XHLLX ANP Sample is negative for tested substances

5XCFLX ANP

6Z2TA9 +

71IHN1 ANP

72FDEJ - Listed drugs could not be detected in the test sample 2018/2/BS-3.

777IU7 ANP BS-3 was negative for the screened drugs of abuse

8RXHHN ANP

8WW6WW ANP No drugs detected in BS-3 sample

9D9AM9 ANP

9MWBRW + The presence of mephedrone in urine indicates the intake of mephedrone.

A0OXAA + mephedrone consumption

AOALOI + 161 and 180 Analytical code

BYZEPB + MEPHEDRONE

BZSSB8 + Mephedrone & gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) were identified by GC-MS

C55QDO - No drugs were detected

Page 38: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (38)

Code Mephedrone

CJKDKK -

CUNPOI +

D33SRV ANP

D4772O +

DDY2DD +

DGSFEM ANP

E47YBI ANP NEGATIVE

E62NRW ANP

EBDJXR ANP

EJ94XN ANP The sample has negative results for : BARBITURATES, BENZODIAZEPINES, CANNABINOIDS, COCAINE and/or METABOLITES, OPIATES/OPIOIDS.

FEA6EH ANP

FSFDFS ANP No common drugs were detected in sample 2018/2/BS-3.

GCFZSF + It was detected the presence of Mephedrone

GGTDYG ANP No targeted drugs detected.

H8FZWN ANP CAFFEINE

HOLD90 + We found Mephedrone as a psychotropic substance based on INCB Green List regulation.

HSWKUL + Mephedrone is a psychoactive phenethylamine derivative that is structurally related to methcathinone and amphetamine. In the United States it is a Schedule I substance.

IN9RUR + positive

JFTVTM + The urine specimen was found to contain mephedrone demonstrating the prior ingestion of the drug.

JPOZ8N +

KDZKKK + Sample 2018/2/BS-3 contain mephedrone.

KRRRN6 ANP

Page 39: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (39)

Code Mephedrone

KTKKKF ANP SAMPLE 2018/2/BS-3 FOUND NOT TO CONTAIN ANY DRUGS

LE41AE + Mephedrone is a NPS and belongs to the cathinone group.It is an illicit substance since 2007.

LJJTNL +

LLFN8Z + 4-methylmethcathinone

LM8PKA - In urine nº 3 no drugs were identified.

M777NY +

MAH4QP + The sample contains drugs

MCACFX - Synthetic drug

MDVYFO - after chemical analysis was performed the sample was contained Cafaine

N4VNND ANP

N8S888 -

O7OFOO - caffeine is a xanthine stimulant.

OD2E2Y +

OKMKHO -

OOIA3T -

OXYY2Y + The sample contains mephedrone.

P6DPPB +

PDXSBK + Mephedrone Detected

PHPXWP - Sample contains no substances from ICE menu.

PKPP6Z ANP

QZQQJK + -

RKBNUU + the sample contains mephedrone, a synthetic stimulant drug of the cathinone class.

ROX4OE ANP

RTTT7I ANP Common drugs not detected

Page 40: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (40)

Code Mephedrone

T4ABZZ -

TCLLL5 - No drugs detected using GCMS.

URVVJU + The sample was found to contain mephedrone, which is a designer drug (synthetic cathinone) with stimulating effects.

UUYZCH + Mephedrone abuse.

WWWLML +

XHGD6Q + Mephedrone, also known as 4-methyl methcathinone (4-MMC) or 4-methyl ephedrone, is a synthetic stimulant drug of the cathinone classe. It is classified as an illegal drug in France since 2010.

XTHTTP +

XY777I +

YCH0DH - Caffeine, Theobromine

YD4O4O +

YZTBB3 + Mephedrone

ZTYWOT ANP Test sample 2018/2/BS-3 does not contain controlled drugs therefore Negative for Screening and Confirmatory analyses.

ZXDXXD - We did not find any drugs

Page 41: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (41)

Identification methods for Test Sample 3

Analytical Technique Codes

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

00000O SI SI

0OG0ZF S I

2KL95S I

2UHVZC I I

3WPSZE S I I

3ZOOHF I I

4NNLPS SI S SI

4XHLLX S I

5XCFLX S I I

6Z2TA9 S I S I

71IHN1 S I

72FDEJ SI

777IU7 SI I

8RXHHN S I I

8WW6W W

S I

9D9AM9 SI I

9MWBRW S I SI

A0OXAA SI

AOALOI SI I SI Immunochimique.ochromatog raphique

BYZEPB SI SI

BZSSB8 S I

C55QDO S I

CJKDKK S I

CUNPOI S I I

D33SRV SI

D4772O S I I

DDY2DD S I I

DGSFEM I

E47YBI S I

E62NRW S I

EBDJXR I SI S lateral flow inmnunochromatographic assay

EJ94XN S

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Page 42: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (42)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

FEA6EH S I SI

FSFDFS SI

GCFZSF S SI

GGTDYG SI

H8FZWN S I I

HOLD90 S I I

HSWKUL I LC-QTOF

IN9RUR I SI SFC-MS/MS

JFTVTM SI SI

JPOZ8N S I LC/QTOF

KDZKKK S I

KRRRN6 I S Lateral Flow Immunoassay

KTKKKF SI

LE41AE S I I

LJJTNL S I I I

LLFN8Z I I I Kinetic Interactions of Microparticles

LM8PKA I

M777NY S I I SI

MAH4QP S I SI

MCACFX I I S chemical immunoessay techniques

MDVYFO S SI

N4VNND I SI S randox

N8S888 I I TRIAGE8, ALERE Cup

O7OFOO SI SI

OD2E2Y S I I

OKMKHO I I S Immunoassay Techniques

OOIA3T S I

OXYY2Y SI

P6DPPB I SI

PDXSBK S I I

PHPXWP S I S LC-TOF

PKPP6Z S I SI

QZQQJK SI

RKBNUU S I

ROX4OE S I

RTTT7I S I I

T4ABZZ S I I

TCLLL5 I

Page 43: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (43)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

URVVJU S SI

UUYZCH I I S

WWWLM L

S I SI

XHGD6Q S I I I

XTHTTP S SI I SI

XY777I S I I

YCH0DH S I

YD4O4O S I I

YZTBB3 I S immunoassay test

ZTYWOT I I S DTK

ZXDXXD I SI Buprenorfine Dipro Drug lab screen

Page 44: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (44)

RESPONSE SUMMARY FOR TEST SAMPLE 3

The response summary of all 82 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-3, frequency of use of

screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives:

Correct Identification of Test Sample-3:

Substance Name Number of laboratories correctly identifying:

Mephedrone 39

False positives for Test Sample-3:

Round Code Substance Reported Tech Code

2UHVZC Ketamine, Tenamfetamine (MDA) 230, 231

BZSSB8 gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) 180

MCACFX gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) 161, 180

N8S888 Buprenorphine 180

False negatives for Test Sample-3:

Round Code Tech Code Round Code Tech Code

2UHVZC 230, 231 O7OFOO 180, 231

3ZOOHF 150, 180 OKMKHO 150, 180

72FDEJ 180 OOIA3T 180

C55QDO 180 PHPXWP 180

CJKDKK 150 T4ABZZ 180, 231

LM8PKA 231 TCLLL5 180

MCACFX 161, 180 YCH0DH 180

MDVYFO 180 ZXDXXD 150

N8S888 180

Analysis not performed for Test Sample-3:

0OG0ZF, 2KL95S, 4XHLLX, 5XCFLX, 71IHN1, 777IU7, 8RXHHN, 8WW6WW, 9D9AM9, D33SRV, DGSFEM, E47YBI, E62NRW, EBDJXR, EJ94XN, FEA6EH, FSFDFS, GGTDYG, H8FZWN, KTKKKF, KRRRN6, N4VNND, PKPP6Z, ROX4OE,

RTTT7I and ZTYWOT.

Frequency of use of screening, identification and quantification techniques:

Response Summary

Participants 82

Technique 100

110 120 141 150 160 161 170 171 172 180 210 230 231

Screening (No.) 2 45 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 15 12 3 15

(%) 2.4 54.9 1.2 0.0 3.7 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.3 14.6 3.7 18.3

Identification (No.) 0 3 0 0 8 0 7 2 1 0 64 1 9 33

(%) 0.0 3.7 0.0 0.0 9.8 0.0 8.5 2.4 1.2 0.0 78.0 1.2 11.0 40.2

Quantification (No.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 6 1 1 10

(%) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.0 5.0 5.0 50.0

Participants: 82

Page 45: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance: Round: 2018/2 Substance: BS-3; Mephedrone

Z-scores can be interpreted by participants in line with ISO 13528:2005, section 7.4.2 and ISO/IEC guide43-1:1997(E) as follows:

IzI < 2 = satisfactory

2 ≤ IzI ≤ 3 = questionable

IzI > 3 = unsatisfactory

According to the recommendations in ISO 13528:2005, an unsatisfactory z-score is considered to give an action signal and a questionable z-score is

considered to give a warning signal. A single action signal or warning signal in two successive rounds shall be taken that an anomaly has occurred

that requires investigation.

Robust average: 329 ng/ml

UNODC value: 479 ng/ml

Page 46: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (46)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance:

Page 47: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (47)

Z-Scores for Test Sample 3

Code

Mephedrone

Concentration (mass%)

Deviation from

robust average

z-score

CUNPOI 70.0 -259.0 -2.0 A0OXAA 77.0 -252.0 -1.9

DDY2DD 118.0 -211.0 -1.6

QZQQJK 245.0 -84.0 -0.6

3WPSZE 261.0 -68.0 -0.5

D4772O 273.0 -56.0 -0.4

4NNLPS 285.0 -44.0 -0.3

JPOZ8N 288.0 -41.0 -0.3

UUYZCH 304.0 -25.0 -0.2

URVVJU 317.0 -12.0 -0.1

OXYY2Y 320.0 -9.0 -0.1

M777NY 349.0 20.0 0.1

XTHTTP 351.8 22.8 0.2

XHGD6Q 409.0 80.0 0.6

IN9RUR 412.0 83.0 0.6

1HEGK1 418.0 89.0 0.7

XY777I 450.0 121.0 0.9

WWWLML 746.0 417.0 3.2

MAH4QP 750.0 421.0 3.2

6Z2TA9 920.0 591.0 4.5

Page 48: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (48)

Sample 4 Analysis

Identified substances for Test Sample 4

Code Identified Substances

00000O morphine

0OG0ZF morphine

1HEGK1 morphine

2KL95S Morphine

2UHVZC Morphine

3WPSZE Morphine

3ZOOHF no

4NNLPS morphine

4XHLLX Morphine

5XCFLX Morphine

6Z2TA9 Morphine

71IHN1 Morphine

8RXHHN Morphine

8WW6WW Morphine

9D9AM9 MDMA (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine), Morphine

9MWBRW Morphine

A0OXAA morphine

AOALOI 06MAM

BYZEPB MORPHINE

BZSSB8 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) & Morphine (Total)

CJKDKK MAM, Codéine

CUNPOI morphine

D4772O Morphine

DDY2DD Morphine

DGSFEM morphine

E47YBI MORPHINE TOTAL

E62NRW opiates

EJ94XN OPIATES

FEA6EH Morphine

GCFZSF Morphine

GGTDYG Morphine

H8FZWN MORPHINE

HOLD90 Morphine

HSWKUL Morphine

IN9RUR morphine

JFTVTM Morphine

JPOZ8N Morphine

KDZKKK morphine

KRRRN6 Morphine-3-O-glucuronide

KTKKKF NONE

Page 49: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (49)

Code Identified Substances

LE41AE MORPHINE

LLFN8Z Morphine

LM8PKA Morphine

M777NY Morphine

MAH4QP Morphine

MCACFX Morphine

MDVYFO Morphine and cafiene

N4VNND Morphine

N8S888 MORPHINE

OKMKHO Mofina

OXYY2Y Morphine

P6DPPB morphine

PDXSBK Morphine

PHPXWP Morphine

PKPP6Z morphine

QZQQJK Morphine (Total)

RKBNUU morphine

ROX4OE morphine, caffeine

RTTT7I Morphine

T4ABZZ Morphine

URVVJU Morphine

UUYZCH Morphine

WWWLML Morphine

XHGD6Q Morphine

XTHTTP Morphine

YCH0DH MORPHINE

YZTBB3 Morphine

ZTYWOT Morphine (Total)

ZXDXXD Opiates

Page 50: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (50)

Statement of findings for Test Sample 4

Code Morphine (Total)

00000O + Analytical adverse finding for morphine

0OG0ZF +

1HEGK1 ANP

2KL95S + Morphine detected

2UHVZC +

3WPSZE + This person consumed morphine.

3ZOOHF - no

4NNLPS + Presence of morphine

4XHLLX + Sample positive for morphine

5XCFLX + Since morphine was detected - Indicates use of morphine.

6Z2TA9 +

71IHN1 + The urine was analysed and found to contain Morphine.

72FDEJ - Listed drugs could not be detected in the test sample 2018/2/BS-4.

777IU7 - BS-4 was negative for the screened drugs of abuse

8RXHHN +

8WW6WW + Morphine was detected in BS-4 sample

9D9AM9 +

9MWBRW + The presence of morphine in urine indicates the intake of morphine, or heroin.

A0OXAA + drug treatment

AOALOI ANP 161and 180 analytical code

BYZEPB + MORPHINE

BZSSB8 + 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) & Morphine (Total) were identified by GC-MS

C55QDO ANP

Page 51: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (51)

Code Morphine (Total)

CJKDKK -

CUNPOI +

D33SRV -

D4772O +

DDY2DD +

DGSFEM + use of morphine

E47YBI +

E62NRW + morphine

EBDJXR -

EJ94XN ANP The sample has negative results for : BARBITURATES, BENZODIAZEPINES, CANNABINOIDS, COCAINE and/or METABOLITES, OPIATES/OPIOIDS. it has a positive results for OPIATES which for a confirmatory test is requiered.

FEA6EH + Findings are consistent with the use of morphine or heroin.

FSFDFS ANP No common drugs were detected in sample 2018/2/BS-4.

GCFZSF + It was detected the presence of Morphine

GGTDYG + Drug result: Morphine. Please note that the presence of morphine in urine may occur as a result of the consumption of poppy seed products, medications containing codeine and/or morphine, or illicit drugs.

H8FZWN - CAFFEINE

HOLD90 + We found Morphine as a narcotics substance based on INCB Yellow List regulation.

HSWKUL + Morphine is narcotic analgesic found in the opium poppy. It is a Schedule II substance in the United States.

IN9RUR + positive

JFTVTM + The urine specimen was found to contain morphine, demonstrating the prior ingestion of morphine, or more commonly heroin, which breaks down (metabolises) in the body to morphine

JPOZ8N +

KDZKKK + Sample 2018/2/BS-4 contain morphine.

Page 52: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (52)

Code Morphine (Total)

KRRRN6 + In the sample was detected Morphine-3-O-glucuronide, this finding indicates that Morphine consumed.

KTKKKF ANP SAMPLE 2018/2/BS-4 FOUND NOT TO CONTAIN ANY DRUGS

LE41AE + Morphine is a narcotic analgesic.It is the primary constituent of crude opium.It is a control drug and it is prescribed for the treatment of severe pain.Morphine is also the metabolite of codeine and heroin.

LJJTNL +

LLFN8Z + Morphine

LM8PKA + In urine nº 4, morphine was identified.

M777NY +

MAH4QP + The sample contains drugs

MCACFX + Opioid drug

MDVYFO + after chemical analysis was performed the sample was contained Morphine and Cafaine

N4VNND + There was Morphine consumption.

N8S888 +

O7OFOO - Examination and analysis performed on 2018/BS-4 did not reveal any positive findings of toxicological significance

OD2E2Y -

OKMKHO - La sustancia fue detectada mediante tecnica de inmunoensayo (test Screening), no pudo ser detectada mediante Cromatografia de Gases Masas y cromatografia de capa fina

OOIA3T -

OXYY2Y + The sample contains morphine.

P6DPPB +

PDXSBK + Morphine, total Detected ~ 0.5mg/L

PHPXWP + Sample is positive for Morphine.

PKPP6Z +

QZQQJK + -

Page 53: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (53)

Code Morphine (Total)

RKBNUU + the sample contains morphine, a narcotic analgesic drug.

ROX4OE +

RTTT7I + Morphine detected.

T4ABZZ + Sample BS-4 containing 619 Ng/Ml of Morphine

TCLLL5 - No drugs detected using GCMS

URVVJU + Morphine is detected in urine. This indicates intake of morphine, or heroine which is metabolized to morphine in the body. Morphine is an analgesic opiate.

UUYZCH + Morphine therapy is the most probable (other alkaloids are not identified).

WWWLML +

XHGD6Q + Morphine is a pain medication (analgesic effect) of the opiate family. Morphine is an alkaloid molecule extracted from opium. It acts directly on the central nervous system to decrease the feeling of pain.

XTHTTP +

XY777I +

YCH0DH + Caffeine, Theobromine

YD4O4O +

YZTBB3 + Morphine

ZTYWOT + Test sample 2018/2/BS-4 was found to contain controlled drugs for Morphine (Total) therefore Positive for the Screening and Confirmatory analyses with concentration value of 621.08 ng/ml.

ZXDXXD + Morphine

Page 54: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (54)

Identification methods for Test Sample 4

Analytical Technique Codes

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

00000O SI SI

0OG0ZF S I

2KL95S I

2UHVZC I I

3WPSZE S I I

3ZOOHF I I

4NNLPS SI S SI

4XHLLX S I

5XCFLX S I I

6Z2TA9 S I S I

71IHN1 S I

72FDEJ SI

777IU7 SI I

8RXHHN S I I

8WW6W W

S I

9D9AM9 SI I

9MWBRW S I SI

A0OXAA SI

AOALOI SI I SI Immunochimique.ochromatog raphique

BYZEPB SI SI

BZSSB8 S I

C55QDO S I

CJKDKK S I

CUNPOI S I I

D33SRV SI

D4772O S I I

DDY2DD S I I

DGSFEM I

E47YBI S I

E62NRW S I

EBDJXR I SI S lateral flow inmnunochromatographic assay

EJ94XN S

Legend: S ... used for Screening I ... used for Identification SI ... used for both

Page 55: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (55)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

FEA6EH S I SI

FSFDFS SI

GCFZSF S SI

GGTDYG SI

H8FZWN S I I

HOLD90 S I I

HSWKUL I LC-QTOF

IN9RUR I SI SFC-MS/MS

JFTVTM SI SI

JPOZ8N S I LC/QTOF

KDZKKK S I

KRRRN6 I S Lateral Flow Immunoassay

KTKKKF SI

LE41AE S I I

LJJTNL S I I I

LLFN8Z I I I Kinetic Interactions of Microparticles

LM8PKA I

M777NY S I I SI

MAH4QP S I SI

MCACFX I I S chemical immunoessay techniques

MDVYFO S SI

N4VNND I SI S randox

N8S888 I I TRIAGE8, ALERE Cup

O7OFOO SI SI

OD2E2Y S I I

OKMKHO I I S Immunoassay Techniques

OOIA3T S I

OXYY2Y SI

P6DPPB I SI

PDXSBK S I I

PHPXWP S I S LC-TOF

PKPP6Z S I SI

QZQQJK SI

RKBNUU S I

ROX4OE S I

RTTT7I S I I

T4ABZZ S I I

TCLLL5 I

Page 56: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (56)

Code 100 110 120 150 161 170 171 180 230 231 210

URVVJU S SI

UUYZCH I I S

WWWLM L

S I SI

XHGD6Q S I I I

XTHTTP S SI I SI

XY777I S I I

YCH0DH S I

YD4O4O S I I

YZTBB3 I S immunoassay test

ZTYWOT I I S DTK

ZXDXXD I SI Buprenorfine Dipro Drug lab screen

Page 57: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (57)

RESPONSE SUMMARY FOR TEST SAMPLE 4

The response summary of all 82 participating laboratories for the identification of BS-4, frequency of use of

screening and identification techniques and false positives and negatives:

Correct Identification of Test Sample-4:

Substance Name Number of laboratories correctly identifying:

Morphine 66

False positives for Test Sample-4:

Round Code Substance Reported Tech Code

9D9AM9 3,4-Methylenedioxymetamfetamine (MDMA) 150, 180

AOALOI 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) 161, 180

BZSSB8 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) 180

CJKDKK 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), codeine 150

KRRRN6 Morphine-3-O-glucuronide 180

False negatives for Test Sample-4:

Round Code Tech Code Round Code Tech Code

3ZOOHF 150, 180 O7OFOO 180, 231

72FDEJ 180 OD2E2Y 230

777IU7 110 OKMKHO 150, 180

CJKDKK 150 OOIA3T 180

D33SRV 150 TCLLL5 180

EBDJXR 231

Analysis not performed for Test Sample-4:

AOALOI, C55QDO, EJ94XN, FSFDFS and KTKKKF.

Frequency of use of screening, identification and quantification techniques:

Response Summary

Participants 82

Technique 100

110 120 141 150 160 161 170 171 172 180 210 230 231

Screening (No.) 2 45 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 15 12 3 15

(%) 2.4 54.9 1.2 0.0 3.7 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.3 14.6 3.7 18.3

Identification (No.) 0 3 0 0 8 0 7 2 1 0 64 1 9 33

(%) 0.0 3.7 0.0 0.0 9.8 0.0 8.5 2.4 1.2 0.0 78.0 1.2 11.0 40.2

Quantification (No.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 1 2 12

(%) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52.8 2.8 5.6 33.3

Participants: 82

Page 58: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance: Round: 2018/2 Substance: BS-4; Morphine

Z-scores can be interpreted by participants in line with ISO 13528:2005, section 7.4.2 and ISO/IEC guide43-1:1997(E) as follows:

IzI < 2 = satisfactory

2 ≤ IzI ≤ 3 = questionable

IzI > 3 = unsatisfactory

According to the recommendations in ISO 13528:2005, an unsatisfactory z-score is considered to give an action signal and a questionable z-score is

considered to give a warning signal. A single action signal or warning signal in two successive rounds shall be taken that an anomaly has occurred

that requires investigation.

Robust average: 494 ng/ml

UNODC value: 580 ng/ml

Page 59: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (59)

Z-Score Report per Sample per Substance:

Page 60: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (60)

Z-Scores for Test Sample 4

Code

Morphine

Concentration (mass%)

Deviation from

robust average

z-score

DDY2DD 151.0 -343.0 -2.8 M777NY 320.0 -174.0 -1.4

1HEGK1 334.0 -160.0 -1.3

2UHVZC 334.8 -159.2 -1.3

6Z2TA9 380.0 -114.0 -0.9

3WPSZE 384.0 -110.0 -0.9

UUYZCH 385.0 -109.0 -0.9

ROX4OE 395.0 -99.0 -0.8

BYZEPB 400.0 -94.0 -0.8

5XCFLX 401.9 -92.1 -0.7

WWWLML 406.0 -88.0 -0.7

XY777I 433.0 -61.0 -0.5

8RXHHN 443.0 -51.0 -0.4

FEA6EH 451.0 -43.0 -0.3

00000O 455.0 -39.0 -0.3

QZQQJK 465.0 -29.0 -0.2

D4772O 468.9 -25.1 -0.2

URVVJU 474.0 -20.0 -0.2

LLFN8Z 478.0 -16.0 -0.1

PDXSBK 486.0 -8.0 -0.1

N8S888 521.0 27.0 0.2

PHPXWP 525.0 31.0 0.2

CUNPOI 530.0 36.0 0.3

XHGD6Q 539.0 45.0 0.4

JPOZ8N 547.0 53.0 0.4

4XHLLX 550.0 56.0 0.4

XTHTTP 610.7 116.7 0.9

T4ABZZ 619.0 125.0 1.0

ZTYWOT 621.1 127.1 1.0

4NNLPS 629.0 135.0 1.1

MAH4QP 680.0 186.0 1.5

OXYY2Y 774.2 280.2 2.2

A0OXAA 829.0 335.0 2.7 IN9RUR 1090.0 596.0 4.8 MDVYFO 1214.0 720.0 5.8 N4VNND 6195.0 5701.0 45.8

Page 61: INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP ...€¦ · INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE) Summary Report ... Identification

INTERNATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMME (IQAP) INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES (ICE)

2018/2-BS Copyright (c) 2019 UNODC (61)

Laboratory and Scientific Section

UNODC, Vienna International Centre Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 500 A-1400, Vienna, AUSTRIA Email: [email protected]