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International Republican InstituteSurvey of Mongolian Public Opinion

August 10 – September 3, 2010

110/22/2010

International Republican Institute (IRI) – Advancing Democracy Worldwide

Survey MethodologyThis report is a summary of data from a survey conducted August 10 - September 3, 2010 by the Social Policy, Development and Research Institute, a Mongolian polling firm. The survey was conducted through in-person, in-home interviews.

The sample of 2,250 respondents is stratified by geography to yield a regionally representative sample in key aimags (provinces) across Mongolia. Using the last birthday method to ensure a random sample of respondents, the survey accurately represents the key demographic characteristics of the populations within the 11 aimagssampled and nine districts in Ulaanbaatar. This study was not designed to yield a statistically representative national sample, rather a regional study in Arkhangai, Bayan-Ulgii, Darkhan-Uul, Khentii, Dornod, Uvurkhangai, Uvs, Khuvsgul, Orkhon, Umnugobi, and Dornogobi aimags and the city of Ulaanbaatar. Oversamples were conducted in Orkhon, Umnugobi and Dornogobi.

Additionally, respondents within each settlement were identified by a random selection of street addresses and the random walk method for households. Target population of the survey was Mongolians aged 18 and older.

The estimated sampling error under the simple random sampling assumption is ±2.07 percent at the 95 percent level of confidence.

IRI and the Social Policy, Development and Research Institute created the questionnaire with input and oversight provided by Sarah Simmons at Harris Interactive.

Figures in charts and tables may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding error, omission of Don’t know/Refused to Answer responses to make chart more readable, highlighting only the top responses, or as specifically explained in individual slides.

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Demographic Profile

Gender N=2,250Male 46.3%Female 53.7%

Age18-24 22%25-34 22%35-44 20%45-54 15%55-64 7%65 and over 5%Don’t know/Refused 11%

Children Under 18 1 22%2 21%3 9%4 4%5 1%6 or more 1%No children under 18 31%

Education N=2,250No formal school 1%Primary school 4%Secondary 34%Vocational 22%College & University 36%

Employment StatusFull-time 20%Contract worker 7%Self-employed 19%Herder 3%Unemployed 16%At home 4%Retired 11%Army 1%Student 13%Disabled 1%

Occupation N=1,133Laborer 15%Miner 5%Clerical staff 23%Business person/Manager 21%Herder/Nomad/Farmer 7%Professional 23%

Sector of Economy N=1,133Government 32%Private business 51%Nongovernment organization 13%

Media Access N=2,250Newspaper/Magazines 29%Internet 22%Television 90%Radio 11%Other 1%

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International Republican Institute (IRI) – Advancing Democracy Worldwide 4

In general, would you say that Mongolia is heading in the right direction or the wrong direction?

Please give me two reasons why you feel Mongolia is heading in the right direction or wrong direction?


What do you think are the most important problems facing Mongolia today? (Top Three Issues Combined)

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Only mentions of >5% shown

Important Problems Facing Mongolia• 74% Unemployment

• 48% Poverty

• 39% Corruption

• 26% Inflation or the increased cost of goods

• 21% Alcoholism

• 16% Bureaucracy

• 13% Environmental problems

• 12% Uncontrolled export of raw materials and minerals

• 10% Access to sufficient and healthy food

• 10% Air pollution

• 8% Trash disposal

• 7% Education

• 7% Influx of foreign labor force

• 6% Mining and its impact on your community

• 7% Quality of health services

• 5% Roads

• 4% Crime

• 4% Ousting of civil servants because of the political affiliation

• 3% Drinking water supply

• 3% Electricity supply

• 3% Access to health services


What do you think are the most important problems facing your soum/district today? (Top Three Issues Combined)

6

Only mentions of >5% shown

Important Problems Facing Soum/District• 69% Unemployment

• 46% Poverty

• 26% Alcoholism

• 25% Corruption

• 20% Inflation or the increased cost of goods

• 18% Bureaucracy

• 11% Trash disposal

• 10% Access to sufficient and healthy food

• 9% Quality of health services

• 8% Roads

• 8% Environmental problems

• 7% Air pollution

• 7% Education

• 5% Ousting of civil servants because of political affiliation

• 5% Crime

• 5% Access to health services

• 4% Electricity supply

• 5% Influx of foreign labor force

• 4% Uncontrolled export of raw materials and minerals

• 3% Drinking water supply

• 3% Mining and its impact on your community

• 2% Foreign influence


What do elected leaders not talk about enough?

7


Thinking about your own personal situation compared to last year, has your quality of life gotten better, stayed the same or gotten worse?

8


In general, how strongly do you approve or disapprove of the job the … is doing?

9

29%/64%

33%/58%

56%/38%

21%/72%

38%/53%

Approve/Disapprove

Aimag government


What election system should be used for the next parliamentary elections in 2012?

10


Thinking about the kinds of meetings you have attended in your community, please tell me which kinds of meetings you have attended…

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Hosted by your soum/district Khural

Hosted by your aimag/capital Khural

Hosted by your bagh/khoroo subdistrict Governor


How did you find out about these meetings? (if responded yes to attending meetings in community) n=1,049

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Bagh/Khoroo subdistrict Governor


How interested or uninterested would you be to participate in meetings regarding the work of the government, including but not limited to development, legislation and laws organized by local government officials? Would you be…

15

58% Interested37% Not Interested


How interested or uninterested would you be to participate in meetings regarding the work of the government, including but not limited to development, legislation, and laws organized by local government officials? Would you be… (by aimag and capital city)

16


26% Likely to Help57% Not Likely Bagh/Khoroo Governor

Aimag Khural Speaker

Aimag/District Governor

Soum Khural Speaker


How do you contact your Members of Parliament?

18


65% Satisfied35% Not Satisfied


Thinking about your representative to the State Great Hural, how well do you think they represent your interests and the interests of your constituency?

20

23% Well65% Not well


How do your Members of Parliament keep you informed of his or her work in the State Great Hural? How would you prefer to be notified of the work your Members of Parliament do at the State Great Hural or in your constituency?

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In your view which level of government should hold primary responsibility for the following issues in your area:

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35/48

32/49

23/58

19/58

50/34

48/34

24/58

24/55

40/41

42/38

27/53

National/Local


In your view which level of government should hold primary responsibility for the following issues in your area: (ORKHON ONLY) n=260

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18/85

13/64

12/65

8/61

45/31

40/33

19/59

26/52

38/37

25/46

13/60

National/LocalAimag Government Soum Government


In your view which level of government should hold primary responsibility for the following issues in your area: (DORNOGOBI ONLY) n=259

24

30/28

25/36

23/34

21/33

38/22

35/23

19/40

19/41

30/27

31/26

22/34



In your view which level of government should hold primary responsibility for the following issues in your area: (UMNUGOBI ONLY) n=260

25

55/31

34/38

31/50

11/58

40/46

57/34

24/65

26/64

20/69

28/62

6/82



In your view which level of government should hold primary responsibility for the following issues in your area: (ULAANBAATAR ONLY) n=599

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30/56

36/49

26/59

19/61

53/34

52/33

26/55

20/58

41/43

50/34

34/48



Indicate your overall level of confidence in the following levels of government to make decisions that affect your life:

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31/53

CONF / NOT CONF

27/58

28/57

33/53

National


Each Member of Parliament is allocated 1 billion Mongolian tugrik (MNT) to conduct local projects and support local causes. Who do you think should have a voice in deciding how this money is allocated? Thinking about those choices, which of the following organizations/individuals you think should monitor the spending of the money?

28

Aimag/the capital/district/soum governors

Bagh Governor

Aimag Khural


Now, shifting specifically to the services and issues in your local community...For each of the following, I would like you to tell your level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the delivery of that specific service:

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49/41

42/46

31/59

35/53

36/52

24/60

27/63

26/58

27/62

24/64

19/46

13/72

10/72

Satisfied/Dissatisfied


Have you heard about the existence of the various funds under your governor’s office? Would you like more information on how these funds are spent?

30


Thinking about those developments, can you give me an example of what developments have happened or are happening in your community? n=363 (yes responses)

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Examples of Developments• 33% Renovate schools, kindergartens, hospitals

and build sports

• 33% Build roads, maintain roads

• 8% Parks and gardens

• 6% Street lighting and roadside infrastructure

• 5% Water supply centers

• 3% Renovate power lines and heating systems

• 2% Milk factories

• 1% Children’s development centers and wrestling halls

• 5% Other


If no, why do you think the investment agreement does not benefit Mongolians? n=1,844

Investment Agreement Does Not Benefit Mongolians Because…

• 27% The percentage of the shares controlled by Mongolians is too low

• 19% The agreement is in force for too long

• 18% Government officials were bribed

• 17% Government officials conspired with the foreign companies

• 3% Other

• 15% Did not know


If you wanted to participate more in the process of deciding how mineral resources are used, which of the following would be the best way for you to participate?

34


25% Familiar64% Unfamiliar


As Oyu Tolgoi and Tavan Tolgoi are developed in Mongolia, and the revenue from those mines are paid to the government, how should those funds be distributed? (Top Two Responses Combined)

36


What do you think is the best use of the mining revenues?

37


Thinking about the promise that political parties made during the elections, to hand out 1.5 million MNT to citizens of Mongolia, how likely is it that the political parties will fulfill this promise?

38

46% Total Likely42% Total Not Likely


How would you like the 1.5 million MNT be given to the citizens of Mongolia?

39


Thinking about the restoration of the Children’s allowances, which of the following do you find most favorable?

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