international symposium 2009

8/3/2019 International SYMPOSIUM 2009

1/23

InternationalSYMPOSIUM

18

20

May

2009

EffectsofClimateChange

OnCoastalZoneManagement

LaunchingofExpertCapacityDataBase

IndonesianCoastalHUB

Bandung,Indonesia

HotelJayakarta

CBA200808NSYAndonowati Organizedby

IntegratingIndonesian

Capacity

forCoastalZoneManagement

Lectureswithabstracts


2/23

Monday18May2009

LukyAdrianto Thesocialecologicalsystemapproachinthecontextofintegratedcoastal

managementandgovernance

Jamaluddin

Jompa

Climate

Change,

Potential

Impacts

on

Coral

Reefs,

and

Management

Challenges

HamzahLatief RisksforCoastalZone

DietriechG.Bengen Climatechangeandglobalwarming:implicationtocoastalzoneandsmall

islands,andstrategicperspectiveofadaptation

JohnI.Pariwono Ramificationofsealevelriseonseaborderbetweenneighbouring

countries

M.M.Julian,

Poerbandono

andP.J.Ward

Theroleofprecipitation,temperature,andlandcoverincontrollingrunoff

ofthenorthwestofJavacoastalzones:aclimatechangeperspective

Tuesday19

May

2009

GerbrantvanVledder Wavemodellinginatidalinletsystem

YABLabmath IndonesianWaterBalanceandWaterfootprint

Andonowati LAUNCHINGWEBSITEINDONESIANCOASTALHUB

www.IndonesianCoastalHUB.org

Kadarsah DistrictLevelPredictionforAssessmentoftheImpactofClimateChangeon

CoastalManagement

W.Windupranata

and

I.Hayatiningsih

Pastdecadalsimulationsonoceanwaves,tides,currentsandseasurface

temperaturesonthenortherncoastofWestJava

DewayanySutrisno Spatialassessmentmodelingfortheimpactofclimatechange oncoastal

management

JonsonLumbanGaol ImpactofclimatechangeonphytoplanktonchlorophyllinIndonesian

waters

Wednesday20May2009

BrennyvanGroesenand

DiditAdytia

VariationalBoussinesqSimulationsofharbourwaves

EdvinAldrian CarbonnutrientcoastalfluxesoverJavaandthepossibleimpactstoglobal

climaticchanges

Y.R.A.Lumingkewas,R.

Poerbandono

andK.Prijatna

Recentadaptationmeasuresandtheprogressingregionalenvironmental

settingsinSeribuIslands,Javasea,Indonesia

RickyRositasari,Suyarso,

Afdal,SuratnoandBayu

Prayuda

Theimpactofclimatechangetoseveralaspectsofcoastalsystem


3/23

3

ABSTRACTS

INVITEDLECTURES


4/23

THESOCIALECOLOGICALSYSTEMAPPROACHINTHECONTEXTOFINTEGRATED

COASTAL

MANAGEMENT

AND

GOVERNANCE

LukyAdrianto

CenterforCoastalandMarineResourcesStudies

BogorAgriculturalUniversity,Indonesia

Coastalzoneiswidelyknownasthemostcomplexsystems,bothintermsofecosystemand

humansystemsothattheneedofintegratedapproachisconsiderablyveryimportantfor

enhancingeffortstoachievesustainabledevelopmentobjectivesofsuchecosystems. Oneof

importantapproach

in

governing

the

coastal

complex

system

is

social

ecological

system

approach(SESapproach). Anderies,et.al(2004)definesocialecologicalsystemasan

ecosystem/biologicalunitintricatelylinkedwithandaffectedbyoneormoresocialsystems.In

thisregards,Dalysfullandemptyworldtheorywouldberelevanttoidentifytherelations

amongsocialactorsinthecomplexecosystemsorbetweensocialactorsandcomplex

ecosystem.Inthislecture,principleofSESmanagementandgovernancewouldbeemphasized

withsomerelevantcasestudies.


5/23

5

CLIMATECHANGE,POTENTIALIMPACTSONCORALREEFS,ANDMANAGEMENT

CHALLENGES

JamaluddinJompa

DirectorofCenterforCoralReefResearch,HasanuddinUniversity,Makassar

ExecutiveSecretaryofCOREMAPII,MinistryofMarineAffairsandFisheries

Climatechange isnotamerepredictionanymore, ithashappened,and itwillcontinue inthe

future.Thewarmingseasurfacetemperaturehascausedaseriouscoralbleachingsince1998

anditseemedtobeworseninginthefollowingyears.Coralbleachinginvolvestherejectionof

microalgalsymbiotic

zooxanthellae

from

the

coral

tissues,

in

response

to

stress,

such

as

from

an

extreme seawater temperature (~20C

warmer than average temperature). In the absence of

these symbiotic microalgae, the reef builder Scleractinian corals may not be existent and

dominate the reef any longer. The increasing CO2 emission in fact not only trigger global

warming and cause the reef to die from bleaching, but also affect ocean acidification that

eventually make coral to grow slower. Furthermore, due to the global growing economy and

development in thepastcentury,coastalcommunitieshave putevenbiggerpressures to the

coral

reef

ecosystem

through

destructive

fishing,

coral

mining,

sedimentation,

and

pollution.

Then, are we going to lose our valuable coral reefs? Indonesia as the center of the Coral

Triangle, of course rely so much on these resource, so we need to find the best solution

urgently.Thefateofourcoralreefsseemtobegloomy,theyfacemultistressors,theseindeed

hugemanagementchallengesifwearegoingtosaveourcoralreefsforfuturegeneration.


6/23

CLIMATECHANGEANDGLOBALWARMING:IMPLICATIONTOCOASTALZONEAND

SMALL

ISLANDS,

AND

STRATEGIC

PERSPECTIVE

OF

ADAPTATION

DietriechG.Bengen

FacultyofFisheryandMarineScience,

BogorAgricultureInstitute(IPB)Indonesiathatconsistsofmorethan17.000 islandsand95.181kmofcoastlines,makes itthebiggestarchipelagicstateintheworldandahosttorichandessentialcoastalandmarinegoods

andservices tosociety.Some60%of the total Indonesiaspopulation liveon thecoastaland

smallislands

areas,

and

these

areas

become

more

crowded

every

year.

Coastal and marine environment are strongly linked to climate in many ways. The potential

consequencesofclimatechangearenotyetbeingconsidered in Indonesiascoastalandsmall

islands management. It is urgent to begin adaptation now with regard to development of

coastalandsmallislandsuses.

Incoastalandsmall islandsareaswherebeachesorwetlandsmustmigrate inland tosurvive,

implementing protection or retreat strategies for coastal and small islandsdevelopments can

reducethe

economic

impacts

of

inundation

and

shoreline

movement.

Keywords:coastalzone,smallislands,climatechange,globalwarming,adaptation


7/23

7

RAMIFICATIONOFSEALEVELRISEONSEABORDERBETWEENNEIGHBOURING

COUNTRIES

JohnI.Pariwono

OceanographicDivision,DepartmentofMarineScienceandTechnology,

BogorInstituteofAgriculture,Bogor,Indonesia,

[email protected]

Thedirecteffectofclimatechangeisthe increaseofsurfaceairtemperaturecausingwarming

oftheArticandAntarticregions,meltingglacierice,andinturnraisingtheglobalsealevel.This

eustaticchange

in

sea

level

will

conspicuously

reduce

the

land

areas

of

all

coastal

states

of

the

world.

Furthermore,theglobalsealevelriseisboundtohaveconsiderablelegalramificationsonsea

bordersbetweenneighbouringstates.Whethertheexistingseaboundaryrequiresadjustment

or not depends on a number of factors, such as the bathymetric condition between the

respective countries. When such adjustments took place the prevailing geopolitical condition

need to be reshaped, and this could provoke political tensions, economical disputes, and

conflictsbetween

the

relevant

states.

TheeffectofsealevelriseonIndonesianseaborderisdiscussedinthispaper,sinceIndonesia

hasseaborderswithten(10)neighbouringcountries,andsomeofthemneedtoberatified.


8/23

WAVEMODELLINGINATIDALINLETSYSTEM

GerbrantvanVledder

Alkyon

Hydraulic

Consultancy

&

Research

AndDelftUniversityofTechnology,Netherlands

TheNetherlandsisalowlyingcountryprotectedbyanelaboratesystemofdikes.Withoutthese

dikes about 40% of the Netherlands would be flooded. The safety of these dikes is a major

concern for the coastal authorities. By law, these dikes must be monitored every five years

(2001, 2006, 2011, etc.) to assess the required level of protection. This check is based on

HydraulicBoundaryConditions (HBC) thatarederivedevery fiveyears. In thisway, the latest

developments

in

statistical

analysis,

climate

change,

modelling

techniques

and

strength

of

coastalstructurescanbeaccountedfor.TheHBCconsistofnearshorewater levelsandwave

conditions.

Presently,a longterminvestigation istakingplace intheNetherlandstodeterminetheseHBC

fortheWaddenSea.This isashallowseasituated in thenorthoftheNetherlandsandpartly

shelteredfromtheNorthSeabyanumberofbarrierislands.TheWaddenSeaisconnectedto

the North Sea via a number of tidal inlets. The water depth in the Wadden Sea varies from

about25

m

in

the

tidal

channels

up

to

+1

m

above

mean

sea

level

on

the

tidal

flats.

In

addition,

a set of 10 wave buoys is deployed to measure the wave conditions in the tidal inlets and

interioroftheWaddenSea.

ThewaveconditionsintheWaddenSeaaredeterminedbytransformingNorthSeawave

conditionsintotheWaddenSeausingthespectralwindwavemodelSWAN.Thismodelisdriven

bystormwinds.WaveboundaryconditionsareobtainedfromwavebuoyslocatedintheNorth

Sea.Waterlevelandcurrentfieldsareprovidedbynumericalflowmodels.Thewavebuoysare

usedto

assess

the

reliability

of

the

wave

model

in

storm

conditions.

ThewavemodelcomputationsshowthatthetidalinletsactasaneffectivefilterfortheNorth

Seawaves,suchthatthewaveconditionsaremainlylocallydetermined.SincetheWaddenSea

israthershallow,thewaveheightbecomesdepthlimited.Theroleofthevariousphysical

processesactingonthewaveswillbeillustrated.Thisincludestheroleoftheprocessesof

generationanddissipationofthewaves,aswellastheroleofpropagationeffects.Aweakpoint

inthepresentmodellingisthepenetrationoflowfrequencywindwaves(waveswithperiods

largerthan

10

s)

through

acomplicated

bathymetry.


9/23

9

Sensitivityanalyseswereperformedtoassesstheeffectofclimatechangeonthewave

conditionsintheinterioroftheWaddenSeaandalongthedikesoftheNetherlands.These

changesincludeasealevelriseandincreasedstormconditionsontheNorthSea.Theresultsof

studieswereusedidentifyweakpointsinthecoastalprotectionandinthemodellingofwind

wavesunderextremeconditions.


10/23

IndonesianWaterBalanceandFootprint

YABLabmath

LabMath

Indonesia,

Bandung

In this lecture we motivate the use of modelling and simulation tools to study the effect of

ClimateChangeonenvironmentalwater,i.e.rainwater.Withasextremeexampletheimportant

current problems of peatlands, it is argued that also more generally knowledge about the

groundwaterlevelisofmuchurgentinterest,inviewofincreasingscarcityofwaterforhuman

consumptionandagriculturaluse. ThemaineffectsofCCforgroundwateraretheincreaseof

windspeedandhighertemperature,bothresultinginhigherevapotranspiration.Togetherwith

the

fact

that

more

intensified

rain

(at

constant

total

rain)

will

lead

to

more

runoff,

the

groundwaterstoragecanbeexpectedtodecreasefromsimplebalancelawarguments.

Localvariationsmay increaseorreducetheseeffects;thesevariationscanresultfromhuman

interactions,suchaschanginglanduse(changingcropcultivation),urbanization,etc.

Onemeasuretocalculatetheamountofwaterthatisactuallyalreadyvirtuallyassumedbythe

inhabitantsistousetheconceptofvirtualwater:thewaterneededtoproduce(grow)aspecific

crop,giventheclimatologicalcircumstancesandthewayofproducing(lanuseandyield).We

reportabout

research

performed

at

LabMath

Indonesia

by

Rik

Bulsink

and

Meese

Beeker

from

UtwenteNetherlandsin2008,whoestimatedthetotalwaterfootprinttobe1092m3/cap/year

onaverageforIndonesia,withlargedifferencesbetweenthemainislands.


11/23

11

INDONESIANCOASTALHUB www.IndonesianCoastalHUB.org

Andonowati

LabMath

Indonesia,

Bandung

InmanyresearchareasinIndonesia,whendiscussingaboutwhoaredoingwhatandwhere,we

oftenhavedifficulttoseeevenaglobalpicture.Whatarepastandcurrentprojects,whereare

their locations,whichagenciesareresponsible,whoareinvolvedintheexecutions,wherethe

fundingcomesfrom.A Mapofresearchesandprojectscananswerthosequestionsandthus

cangivedirectionforthefutureplanning. Inthisarticle,wefocusonthespecialtopicthatis

CoastalZoneManagement.Directionofafutureplan&developmentintheIndonesianCoastal

Zoneis

crucial

particularly

because

of

the

impacts

of

the

global

climate

change.

Precededbyseveral indepthstudiesthat includedvisits,observationsand intensivedialogues

withresearchgroupsinseveralIndonesianresearchinstitutions,itisclearthatthereareseveral

researchgroupswithverypromising research capacitiesaswellasexcellent innovative ideas.

Yet, many of those researchers are not connected to each other and often have no

collaborations. Some time even same projects are redundantly executed by different groups.

Thus,thefirststeptowardhavingaresearchmap inCoastalZoneManagement istocreatea

structured

and

standardized

expert

inventory

in

the

area.

This

idea

was

the

basic

of

our

application to APNCapable project. The proposal entitled Integrating IndonesianCapacityfor

CoastalZoneManagement was granted last year (2008) under Project Reference CBA2008

08NSYAndonowati.

Thedesignof theexpert database, and thecollectionofdata,started inSeptember 2008.A

questionnaire was designed and made online available on the APNproject website

www.labmathindonesia.or.id/apn. During the course of the project, however, the idea of

creatingthis

inventory

has

been

developed.

The

main

concern

is

how

the

data

base

can

grow,

dynamicallyupdated,andbecomeapointofinteresttotheparticipants.Forthis,wehavebeen

trying to study some scientific communities and how the members of these communities

interact.Weconcludethatwewanttomakeavirtualmeetingpointthat iscalled Indonesian

CoastalHUB.TheHubinfactalsobecomeanucleusforaVirtual(Thematic)ResearchPark.

From the main page (Home) of theHub, recent information that is entered by members and

collected can be accessed through buttons related to Files, Events, Links and Questions.


12/23

Memberscanalsouploadtheirsimulationtools,researchpapers,teachingmaterial,andtheir

networksintheareaofCoastalZoneManagement.

TheHubwillaccommodatethecoreexpertiseas itsmembers.Thesemembersthenare listed

alphabetically and can be shorted as well as searched by names, institutions, keyword

(associatedwithhis/herresearchareas).Newmemberscanbeaddedbasedontheinvitations

of the current members. In the application form for the new member, a login name and

passwordwillberequestedwhich,whenthemembershipisapproved,canbeusedtologinto

theweb.Thecorememberswillhaveaccesstoinformationfromthemainpage.

The Hub will also accommodate memberships from larger coastal management Community

suchasconsultingcompanies,policymakers,etc.

WebroughtuptheideaandshowedthemodelofanIndonesianCoastalIndonesianHubinthe

secondAPNmeetingheldon2021March2009.Thissecondmeetingwasattendedby20senior

researchers from Universities such as Institut Teknologi Bandung, Institut Pertanian Bogor,

Universitas Gajah Mada as well as Government Agencies such as Indonesian Institute of

Sciences, Agency for Assessment and Applications of Technology as well as senior

representatives from theministries. Itwasopenedwitha presentationofProf.SyafwanHadi

entitled

Policies

on

Indonesian

Coastal

Management

followed

with

a

presentation

on

the

modelofIndonesianCoastalHub.AllparticipantswereverypositivewiththeideaofIndonesian

CoastalHUB.ThefollowingsuggestionsweremaderegardingtheHub&expertise.

Thedatasecurityoftheexpertiseneedstobeaddressed ExpertiseandprojectscanbeshownandaccessedontheIndonesianCoastalMap Additional toolstohelptheuserinupdatingtheirprofileorinvitingtheircolleagues TheHubwillbehostedasanindependentwebsite. MaintenanceandadministrationoftheHubaretheresponsibilityofLabMathIndonesia. Meeting of the core experts will be conducted yearly at different

institutes/agencies/ministries.

Duringthispresentationtheofficiallaunchingofthewebsitewilltakeplace.


13/23

13

DISTRICTLEVELPREDICTIONFORASSESSMENTOFTHEIMPACTOFCLIMATE

CHANGEONCOASTALMANAGEMENT

Kadarsah

ResearchandDevelopmentCentre

MeteorologicalClimatologicalandGeophysicalAgency(BMKG)

Jl.AngkasaINo.2Jakarta10720

[email protected]

Climatechange,as implicationofglobalwarming,whichcausedby increasingofgreen house

gasses,has

consequence

on

two

main

case

at

boundary

layer,

that

is

fluctuation

of

rainfall

and

temperature.Thisimplication happenstoseveraldistrictregiononIndonesiaIsland.

Inthisstudy,itisperformedapredictionofdistricsrainfall.HyBMGmodelcanbeusedtobuild

thispredictiononspatialmap.Theresult isfocusedtoMalangarearegardingtotheresearch

area to provide climate information which it appropriates with the farmer andpolicy maker

needs. MalangisauniquedistrictwhichlocatesinEastJava,hasamountainousareaandsome

partofMalangisurbanarea.Furthermore,thisisanationalprogramwasinitiatedtodevelopa

climate

information

system

which

is

intended

largely

to

provide

high

resolution

climate

informationtosupportclimaterelateddecisionmakingprocessesatregency/districtscales.The

resultofclimate information inthenewly implementedsystem in Indonesia isbasicallyahigh

resolution climate forecasting based on dynamical and statistical downscaling in combination

withsomeclassicalandadvancedstatisticaltechniques.

Theapplicationsofthe district levelpredictionhasbeenusefulltosupportmanyactivitiesof

climatechangeparticularlyoncoastalandagriculturalmanagement.

Keyword: climatechange,coastalmanagement,districtlevelprediction


14/23

VARIATIONALBOUSSINESQSIMULATIONSOFHARBOURWAVES

E.(Brenny)vanGroesenandDiditAdytia

University

of

Twente,

Netherlands

&LabMathIndonesia,Bandung

Essential principles of fluiddynamics for surface water waves are thebasis of the Variational

BoussinesqModel (VBM) that is indevelopment incollaborationbetweenLabMathIndonesia

and the University of Twente. This model has exact energy conservation, incorporates

approximatedispersionpropertiesandcandealwithsteepbottomvariations,withcalculations

thatcan

be

restricted

to

the

horizontal

directions

only.

In this lecture we present some results of simulations performed with a numerical Finite

Element implementation on an unstructured grid of the VBM. Geophysical problems are

characterized by the presence of length and time scales that can be orders of magnitude

different,whichcreatesspecificneedforattentionforreliablesimulations.

Wepresentresultsforcoastalwaves,inparticularwavesenteringtheharbourofCilacaponthe

coastofSouth Jawa.Theverydetailedwave interactionsthatareseen inthesimulationscan

leadto

numerically

observable

resonance

phenomena

in

the

relatively

small

inner

harbour,

for

a

specificvalueoftheperiodofthewavesenteringtheharbourfromtheocean.

Comparison of the dispersive simulations with nondispersive simulations (the shallow water

limit)showgoodagreementforthewavesoutsidetheharbour,butatthesametimeessential

differencesinsidetheharbour.

Remarkably, although incoming waves have periods of the order of 10 seconds, the total

numericalloadingtimeforthe(initiallystillwater)harbourismuchlonger,oftheorderofone

thousandperiods;

for

reliable

simulations

one

has

to

accept

this

additional

computer

time

since

inmostcasesnosuitableinitialwavefieldwillbeavailable.


15/23

15

CARBONNUTRIENTCOASTAL FLUXESOVER JAVAANDTHEPOSSIBLE IMPACTS

TOGLOBALCLIMATICCHANGES

EdvinAldrian

BadanMeteoKlimatGeofisikaBMKG

Jakarta Indonesia

+62214246314

http://geocities.com/e_aldrian


16/23

ABSTRACTS

CONTRIBUTEDPAPERS


17/23

17

THE ROLE OF PRECIPITATION, TEMPERATURE, AND LAND COVER IN

CONTROLLING RUNOFF OF THE NORTHWEST OF JAVA COASTAL ZONES: A

CLIMATECHANGE

PERSPECTIVE

M.M.Julian1,

Poerbandono2andP.J.Ward

3

1GeodesyandGeomaticsEngineeringStudyProgram ITB

2HydrographicScienceandEngineeringResearchDivision ITB

3InstituteforEnvironmentalStudies VUUniversity

Thispaperdiscussestheroleoflandcoverandclimaterepresentedbyprecipitationandtemperaturein

controlling runoff of the northwest of Java coastal zones focusing in Ciujung, Cisadane, Ciliwung,

Citarum, and Cimanuk watersheds. Changes of land cover in terms of conversion of forest into

agriculturalandresidentialareas,aswellas increasingoftemperatureareknown. It isthe intentionof

thisstudytoinvestigatehowbothparameterscontrolrunoff.

Runoff issimulatedusingSpatialToolsforRiverBasinsandEnvironmentandAnalysisofManagement

Options(STREAM)[1].STREAMhasalreadybeencalibrated[2].Climaterepresentedby1010spatio

temporalmapsofprecipitationandtemperatureareofamongthe inputsofthisspatialtool[3]. Inthis

simulation,temporallandcoverdataaregeneratedfromavailablehistoricalmapsandforestcover.Land

coverisconvertedtowaterholdingcapacity(WHC)[4].WHCisusedtoestimateamountofinfiltration.

Model

of

drainage

network

is

derived

from

Shuttle

RADAR

Topographic

Mission

and

presented

as

1km1kmresolutiondigitalelevationmodel[2].

Figure1showsthesimulationresultindecadalaverageofdischarges.CitarumandCimanukarethemost

contributoroffreshwatertoJavaSea.Itcanbeseenthattherehasbeenincreasingdischargeduringthe

lastdecadeinallcatchments.TotalannualdischargeisshowninFigure2.Increasingtrendofdischarges

isshownclearlyinthelatest20year.Inordertoexaminetheeffectofclimateandlandcoverchangesto

thecomputeddischarge,separatesimulationsarecarriedout.Increasingofdischargecorrelatewellwith

decreasing of WHC. Changes of land cover are thought to contribute to decreasing of water resident

timeinthewatershedsstudiedhere.


18/23

(a)Citarum (b)Cimanuk (c)Cisadane

(d)Ciliwung (e)Ciujung

Figure1.Decadalaveragedischarge

Figure2.Totalannualdischarge,annualaveragetemperature,andwaterholdingcapacity(WHC)

References

[1] Aerts, J.C.J.H., M. Kriek, andM. Schepel,STREAM,spatial tools for river basins and environmentandanalysisofmanagementoptions:Setupandrequirements,PhysicsandChemistryoftheEarth

PartB,24(6),1999,591595.

[2] Poerbandono, P.J. Ward, and M.M. Julian, Set up and calibration of a spatial tool for simulatinglatestdecadesflowdischargeofwesternJava:Preliminaryresultandassessments,ITBJournalof

EngineeringScience,inreview.

[3] New, M., D. Lister, M. Hulme, and I. Makin, A highresolution data set of surface climate overgloballandareas,ClimateResearch,21,2002,125.

[4]Poerbandono, A.B. Harto, and M.M. Julian, Reconstruction and prediction of physicalenvironmentalqualitydegradationduetothechangesoferosionalbehaviourofCitarumWatershed

using

spatial

model,

Report,

Institute

for

Research

and

Community

Services,

ITB,

2008,

(in

Bahasa).

0

100

200

300

400

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Discharge(m3/s)

Month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

0

100

200

300

400

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Discharg

e(m3/s)

Month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

19011910

19111920

19211930

19311940

1941

1950

19511960

19611970

19711980

19811990

19912002


19/23

19

PASTDECADALSIMULATIONSONOCEANWAVES,TIDES,CURRENTSANDSEA

SURFACETEMPERATURESONTHENORTHERNCOASTOFWESTJAVA

W.Windupranata1

,I.Hayatiningsih.

2

1HydrographicScienceandEngineeringResearchDivision,[email protected]

2GeodeticandGeomaticEngineeringDoctorateProgram,[email protected]

Both:FacultyofEarthScienceandTechnology, BandungInstituteofTechnology

West Java is an important province in Indonesia since it close to the capital city of Jakarta and

playsanimportantroleintheeconomicalactivitiesinthecountry.Theprovincehastwoseas,the

Java Seaon the northern part and the IndianOceanon thesouthernpart. Unlike the southern

coast, thenorthern coast of West Java is characterized by the presence ofbroad deltaic plains

builtoutintotherelativelylowwaveenergymicrotidalenvironmentoftheJavaSeabysiltladen

rivers.Thesedeltasareformedbymud,sandandothersedimentsresultingfromsiltation inthe

mouth of the rivers. The length of coastline on the northern coast is about 365 km and highly

dynamic due to erosion process. It is important to study ocean and coastal characteristics to

supportourknowledge in thedynamic of coastal area,especially if it is referred to the climate

changes. The characteristics can be analyzed through comprehensive studies covering

measurements and numerical simulations of oceanographic parameters. Simulation on the

oceanographic

parameters

(e.g.

tides,

currents,

sea

surface

temperatures

and

waves)

during

the

periodof19982008ontheNorthernCoastofWestJavaProvince,Indonesiawasinvestigatedin

this paper. Simulation of flow was driven by the global tide model derived from sea level data

observedbyTOPEXPOSEIDON/JASONSatellite.Actualobservedmeteorologicalconditions(wind,

temperatureandrainfall)andriverdischargeswerealso imposedtothesimulation.Anyclimate

changerepresentedbythemeteorologicalconditionsduringthesimulationperiodwillbetaken

intoaccount.Thesimulationwasverified,calibratedandvalidatedbysomemeasurementsdata

from any sources during the simulation period. Based on the verification and validation, the

model

presents

a

satisfyresult

and

can

simulate

the

past

decadal

variations

of

tides,

currents,

waves and sea surface temperatures properly. The sea level and sea surface temperature rise

within10yearsperiodofsimulationarecaptured.Currentsandwavesweresimulatedandcanbe

furtheranalysedtocalculatetheerosionprocess.


20/23

SPATIALASSESSMENTMODELINGFORTHEIMPACTOFCLIMATECHANGEON

COASTALMANAGEMENTDewayanySutrisnoCenterformarinereseourcessurveyingandmapping

NationalCoordinatingAgencyforsurveyandmapping

JlnRayaJakartaBogorKm46Cibinong16911

email:[email protected]

The phenomenon of climate change has numerous effects on coastal and marine environment. The

earths oceans will expand, sea level will be rose, coral reefs bleaching, algae bloom, lost of certain

marinespecies,shorelineretreatetc.Allofthesefactorswillaffectthe humansocialeconomicactivity

andtheirwelfare.Dealingwiththecoastalmanagement, thisstudywill indicatethe impactofclimate

change on its. Sea level rise is one of the case that will study furtherly. InternationalGeographical

UnionsCommissionOnTheCoastalEnvironmentreportedthatcoastalrecessionhasbeenoccurinmore

than70%oftheworldcoastalarea.Sea level rise isbelieved tobethemajor issuesthatcausethese

problems. On the other hand, the pressure of economic need, supporting by the world demand in

fisheriessectors,have givenwaytotheexploitationofthecoastalecosystem.Bothaspectscanaffect

the

sustainability

of

coastal

ecosystem

and

the

availability

of

social

economic

services.

Dealing

with

this

condition,astudytoseetheimpactofsealevelriseandsocialeconomicuseofcoastalecosystemwas

employed.AshorelineretreatmodelbasedonGeographicalInformationSystem(GIS)wasdevelopedto

predict the future impact of sea level rise on coastal environment and its existincg land use

management.Twosmallislands,onethathasbeendegradedbyhumanactivitiesandanotherislandthat

almostnaturehavebeenselectedasthestudyarea.Thecomparisonoftheimpactofsealevelrisecause

byclimatechangeindicatedthatthecoastalecocystemmaygiveprotectiontotheshoreline.Therefore,

thecoastalmanagementhavetoconsidertheroleofcoastalecosysteminitspolicyscenarioinorderto

mitigatethe

impact

of

sea

level

rise.


21/23

21

IMPACTOFCLIMATECHANGEONPHYTOPLANKTONCHLOROPHYLLIN

INDONESIANWATERS

JonsonLumban

Gaol

DepartmentofMarineScienceandTechnology

BogorAgriculturalUniversity,Indonesia

email:[email protected]

More than ten years of global ocean color satellite data with records of chlorophyll

phytoplanktonchanging inIndonesianwaters.GenerallyinIndonesianwaters,thechlorophyll

phytoplanktondeclinedin10years.Globalwarmingcausedtheoceantemperatureswarmedor

nutrientdepletion

in

ocean,

so

that

any

kinds

of

species

of

phytoplankton

die.

The

decline

in

phytoplanktonchlorophyllhasadirecteffecton theworld'scarboncycleandwill reduce the

foodavailabletofishandotherorganisms,includingmarinebirdsandmammals.Thereforewe

need the grand scenario of the impact of global warming to anticipate the impact of global

warmingonmarinelivingresources.

Keywords:phytoplankton,sensor,climate


22/23

RECENTADAPTATIONMEASURESANDTHEPROGRESSINGREGIONALENVIRONMENTAL

SETTINGSINSERIBUISLANDS,JAVASEA,INDONESIA

Y.R.A.Lumingkewas1,R.Poerbandono

2*andK.Prijatna

3

1GeodesyandGeomaticsEngineering,FacultyofEarthSciencesandEngineering,ITB

2HydrographicScienceandEngineering,FacultyofEarthSciencesandEngineering,ITB

3Geodesy,FacultyofEarthSciencesandEngineering,ITB

*[email protected]

Thispaperpresentsdocumentationofrecentregionalenvironmentalsettingsanddiscussionof

current measures of local adaptation practices in Seribu islands, southwest of Java sea,

Indonesia,focusingonPramuka,Panggang,KaryaandSemakDauncays.Socioeconomicprofile

of the studied site in terms of demography and Gross Domestic Product, as well as land use

practices are also considered. The discussion is related to increasing risks of erosion and

inundation.Recent regionalenvironmentalsettingsare representedbytheprevailingregional

waveclimateandsealevelaccordingtoavailablescientificreports.Changesofrecentregional

sealevelarespecificallyobtainedfromTopex/PoseidonandJason1data.Changesoflanduse

aredetectedaccordingtomanual interpretationofremotesensing imagery.Thiscomprisesof

aerial photo mosaic from 2004 and IKONOS image from 2008. Evidences of erosion and

inundationareidentifiedaccordingtodirectobservationfromseveralvisits.Directobservations

alsoprovidequalitativemeasuresoflocaladaptationpractices.

Intheinvestigatedsite,rateofchangesofsealevelof0.015mperyearduring1992to2005is

found.Conversionofvegetation into residential is found tobe typicaland thought to lead to

retardationofstabilizationofcoralbeaches.Constructionsarefoundtobethetypicalsolution

to overtopping of water during high spring tide and erosion due to wave attack. Local

inhabitants seem to possess sufficient awareness to the currently progressing environmental

changes. It seems that their role as key player of subsistence economy prevents effective

applicationofsustainableconservationstrategy.

It isconfirmedthatevenwithsuccessfulachievementof localactions,regionalcontrols inthe

formsofsuitabledevelopmentpolicyandnaturalgoverningfactorsarestillconsideredthemost

contributors to the conservation and adaptation measures in Seribu islands. Still, local

anthropogenic adaptation practices lead to the demotion of local natural environmental

capabilitytocopewithrisksoferosionandinundation.


23/23

23

THEIMPACTOFCLIMATECHANGETOSEVERALASPECTSOFCOASTALSYSTEM

RickyRositasari*),Suyarso,Afdal,Suratno,BayuPrayuda

*)[email protected]

ResearchCenterforOceanography,IndonesianScienceInstitute

Jl.PasirPutihI,AncolTimur,JakartaUtara

Researchonclimatechangeimpacttoseveralaspectsofcoastalsystemwasconductedatthecoastalof

Cirebonin2008.Primaryproductivity,thedissolutionofCO2inseawater,thelandusedalteredandthe

vulnerabilityofinundationincoastalareaweremeasured.TheresultshowedthatthedissolutionofCO2

hadnegativecorrelationwithchlorophylla.Therearetrendofincreasedonbuildlandanddecreasedof

vegetative area, and based on the measurement of low elevated area along the coastal of Cirebon

pointedout

that

there

are

10200,43

hectare

of

various

land

used

would

counted

as

vulnerability

area

of

inundationifthesealevelhasrose1meter.

international symposium 2009

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