internet resource management - conference.apnic.net · • [email protected] • stella best •...
TRANSCRIPT
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Internet Resource Management
APNIC 30 Gold Coast, Australia
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Introduction • Presenters
• Champika Wijayatunga • Training Manager • [email protected]
• Stella Best • Training Officer • [email protected]
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Objectives • To provide an understanding of address
management • To keep membership up-to-date with the
latest policies and procedures for requesting resources from APNIC and managing these
• Liaise with members
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Overview
• Internet Registry Policies • Policy Development Process • Managing IP addresses
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Regional Internet Registries
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The Internet community established the RIRs to provide fair and consistent resource distribution and accurate
resource registration throughout the world.
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CURRENT POLICIES: INITIAL ALLOCATIONS
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Initial IPv4 Allocation
• APNIC minimum IPv4 allocation size /22 • An ISP must have used a /24 from their
upstream provider or demonstrate an immediate need for a /24
• An ISP must demonstrate a detailed plan for use of a /23 within a year
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APNIC IPv4 Allocations By Economy
8 http://www.apnic.net/stats/o3/ as of 12/08/2010
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
CN JP KR AU TW IN ID HK VN TH NZ MY SG PH PK
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Initial IPv6 Allocations
• Initial IPv6 block for APNIC members with existing IPv4 space
• ‘One Click’ IPv6 Policy • Criteria
• APNIC members that have received an IPv4 address block from APNIC but have no IPv6 space can qualify for an appropriately sized IPv6 block under the matching IPv6 policy.
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Initial IPv6 Allocations
• Initial Allocation Criteria • Criteria
• Be an LIR • Not be an end site • Plan to provide IPv6 connectivity to organizations to which it
will make assignments. • Meet one of the two following criteria:
• Have a plan for making at least 200 assignments to other organizations within two years
OR
• Be an existing LIR with IPv4 allocations from an APNIC or an NIR, which will make IPv6 assignments or sub-allocations to other organizations and announce the allocation in the inter-domain routing system within two years
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Total IPv6 Delegations in AP
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
prop-073: Simplifying allocation/assignment of IPv6 to APNIC members with existing IPv4 addresses - implemented on 10 February 2010
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APNIC IPv6 Allocations By Economy
12 http://www.apnic.net/stats/o3/ as of 11/08/2010
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APNIC Resource Delegations
IPv4
IPv6
Source: NRO Internet Number Resource Report
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WHERE DO POLICIES COME FROM?
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Policies and their Development
• Policies are constantly changing the meet the technical needs of the Internet
• There is a system in place called the Policy Development Process • Anyone can participate • Anyone can propose a policy • All decisions & policies documented &
freely available to anyone
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Why Participate In Policy Development?
This is your opportunity to comment on policies that may directly affect the way your organisation obtains, manages and deploys Internet resources
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You Can Participate!
• Send a proposal to the Secretariat • Discuss proposals via public mailing lists
• http://www.apnic.net/community/participate/join-discussions
• Attend meetings • http://meetings.apnic.net/30 • Remote participation available
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Policy Development Process
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Example: Prop 50 Rationale
• Amends APNIC policy restrictions on the transfer of registration of IPv4 addresses between current APNIC account holders
• Allows APNIC to recognize and register the transfer between APNIC members
• Keeps the registry database accurate 19
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Policy Development is a Cycle
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• Proposal 50 – IPv4 Address Transfers • This proposal went through parts of the cycle
multiple times before achieving consensus
* See appendix for proposal details.
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From Regional to Global Policies
• While RIRs and their respective communities are responsible for policies specific to their regions, there are times when a policy needs to be global.
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Some Global Policies
• Examples • Global Policy for Allocation of ASN Blocks
to Regional Internet Registries • Global Policy for the Allocation of the
Remaining IPv4 Address Space • Allocation of IPv6 Address Space by the
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Policy to Regional Internet Registries
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Global Policy Coordination
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Number Resource Organization
• The purpose of the NRO is to undertake joint activities of the RIRs including: • joint technical projects • liaison activities • policy co-ordination
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ASO
• The purpose of the Address Supporting Organization (ASO) is to: • review and develop recommendations on
Internet Protocol (IP) address policy • to advise the ICANN Board • act as an intermediary between the NRO
and ICANN • It is one of ICANN’s three supporting
organizations (the other two being the DNSO and the PSO)
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Recent APNIC Policy Implementations
• prop-080: Removal of IPv4 prefix exchange policy • The policy that previously permitted
resource holders to return three or more non-contiguous IPv4 address blocks and have the prefixes replaced with a single, larger, contiguous block will be removed.
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Recent APNIC Policy Implementations
• prop-082: Removing aggregation criteria for IPv6 initial allocations • The initial allocation criteria that required an
ISP to advertise its IPv6 connectivity as a single aggregated address allocation will be removed and replaced by a stronger recommendation in regard to the aggregation of IPv6 routes.
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Upcoming APNIC Policy Implementations
• prop-079-v002: Abuse contact information (IRT) • Requires a mandatory reference to IRT
objects in the inetnum, inet6num and aut-num objects in the APNIC Whois Database to provide a more efficient way for abuse reports to reach the correct network contact.
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APNIC POLICIES
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Allocation And Assignment
• Allocation • “A block of address space held by an IR (or
downstream ISP) for subsequent allocation or assignment” • Not yet used to address any networks
• Assignment • “A block of address space used to address
an operational network” • May be provided to ISP customers, or used for
an ISP’s infrastructure (‘self-assignment’)
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/22 Member Allocation
/25 Customer Assignments
/26 /27
Allocation And Assignment
/8 APNIC Allocation
Sub- Allocation
/24
APNIC Allocates
to APNIC Member
APNIC Member
Customer / End User
Assigns to end-user
Allocates to downstream
Downstream Assigns
to end-user
/26 /27
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Portable And Non-portable Portable Assignments
• Customer addresses independent from ISP • Keeps addresses when changing ISP
• Bad for size of routing tables
Non-portable Assignments • Customer uses ISP’s address space
• Must renumber if changing ISP • Only way to effectively scale the Internet
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Address Management Hierarchy
• Describes “portability” of the address space
Non-Portable
APNIC Allocation /8 (IPv4)
Portable
APNIC Allocation /8 (IPv4)
Non-Portable
Portable
Non-Portable
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Sub-allocations
• No max or min size • Max 1 year requirement
• Assignment Window & 2nd Opinion applies • to both sub-allocation & assignments
• Sub-allocation holders don’t need to send in 2nd opinions
Sub-allocation
APNIC Member Allocation
Customer Assignments Customer Assignments
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Address Management Hierarchy
• Describes “portability” of the address space
Non-Portable Portable Non-Portable
Portable
Non-Portable
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Sub-allocations
• No max or min size • Max 2 year requirement
• Assignment Window & 2nd Opinion applies • to both sub-allocation & assignments
• Sub-allocation holders don’t need to send in 2nd opinions
Sub-allocation
APNIC Member Allocation
Customer Assignments Customer Assignments
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Sub-allocation Guidelines
• Sub-allocate cautiously • Only allocate or assign what the customer
has demonstrated a need for • Seek APNIC advice if in doubt
• Efficient assignments • Member is responsible for overall utilisation
• Database registration (WHOIS Db) • Sub-allocations & assignments must be
registered in the whois db
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Portable Assignments for IPv4
• For (small) organizations who require a portable assignment for multihoming purposes • Applicants currently multihomed OR
demonstrate a plan to multihome within 1 month
• Agree to renumber out of previously assigned space
• Demonstrate need to use 25% of requested space immediately and 50% within 1 year
/8 APNIC
/22 Member
allocation
Non-portable assignment 38
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Portable Assignments for IPv6
• For (small) organizations who require a portable assignment for multihoming purposes • The current policy allows for IPv6 portable
assignment to end-sites • Size: /48, or a shorter
prefix if the end site can justify it
• To be multihomed within 3 months
/12 APNIC
/32 Member
allocation
Non-portable assignment 39
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APNIC Allocation Policies • Aggregation of allocation
• Provider responsible for aggregation • Customer assignments /sub-allocations
must be non-portable • Allocations based on demonstrated
need • Detailed documentation required
• All address space held to be declared
• Address space to be obtained from one source • routing considerations may apply 40
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IXP IPv4 Assignments Policy
• Criteria • 3 or more peers • Demonstrate “open peering policy”
• APNIC has reserved blocks of space from which to make IXP assignments
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IXP IPv6 Assignment Policy
• Criteria • Demonstrate ‘open peering policy’ • 3 or more peers
• Portable assignment size: /48 • All other needs should be met through
normal processes • /64 holders can “upgrade” to /48
• Through NIRs/ APNIC • Need to return /64
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Portable Critical Infrastructure Assignments
• What is Critical Internet Infrastructure? • Domain Registry Infrastructure
• Operators of Root DNS, gTLD, and ccTLD • Address Registry Infrastructure
• IANA, RIRs & NIRs
• Why a specific policy ? • Protect stability of core Internet function
• Assignment sizes: • IPv4: /24 or IPv6: /48
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Supporting Historical IPv4 Resource Transfer
• Bring historical resource registrations into the current policy framework • Allows transfers of historical resources to
APNIC members • The recipient of the transfer must be an APNIC
member • No technical review or approval • Historical resource holder must be verified • Resources will then be considered "current” • Resources must be registered in WHOIS DB
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APNIC30 Policy Proposals • prop-083: Alternative criteria for subsequent
IPv6 allocations • prop-084: Frequent whois information update
request • prop-085: Eligibility for critical infrastructure
assignments from the final /8 • prop-086: Global policy for IPv4 allocations by
the IANA post-exhaustion • prop-087: IPv6 address allocation for
deployment purposes
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Questions?
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Thank You!