internship report pakistan international air line

A REPORT WRITING ON FINANCE DEPARTMENT:PIA

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThis report writing is comprehensively written in such a way that it contains a complete first hand information about the whole engineering Complex/department and the major sections involved in it and is subject to the june-july internship experience of the PIA engineering department under the supervision of PIA concerned officials.

This report has been prepared as per requirement for the internship and the information in this report was provided from the engg: Department officials and individual efforts made by the internees from Pakistan Air Force - Karachi Institute of Economics & Technology. Hence it can be used as a reference book to acquire first hand knowledge of PIA engineering Complex. Specially those who are new to PIA can make better use of it, because it not only contains information about engg: department but also shares the key information about its environment, policies, fleet and other sections that come under its supervision. Huge efforts have been made to provide correct and relevant information in this report. No one among group members will be held responsible as in case of Irrelevancy of information & for any matter that may create trouble for the internees of this group.

Lastly it will be injustice not to mention the name of our internship supervisors who remained informative to us,: Faraz Ahmed, Sana Saeed & other senior technicians. I also deeply acknowledge my gratitude to Mr Saud Ahmed, Miss Sabiha Shah whose cooperation and full support led me to successful completion of my Internship and hence this report writing.

Dated: July-20-09 SALEEM AHMED

S NO:CONTENTS

PAGE NO

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed


FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION 1. INTRODUCTION 3

2. BRIEF HISTORY 4

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 5

4. PIA ENGINEERING COMPLEX 6-15

5. PIA HEALTH SAFETY & QUALITY POLICY 16-18

6. PIA FLEET 19-20

7. PIA IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT 21

8. PIA-AIRCRAFT KITCHEN 22

9.GROUND HANDLING OF AIRCRAFTS 23

10. GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENT USED IN AN AIRCRAFT 24-26

11. PIA AT PRESENT 27

12.FUTURE PLANS OF PIA

28

13FINANCE DEPARTMENT

(FUND MANAGEMENT & COST BUDGET)

29

14COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS

INTRODUCTION




PIA, Pakistan international airline is one among the highly renowned and reputed organizations of Pakistan that is serving the nation for more than 40 years.

PIA is driven by the highest standards of corporate governance and social responsibility. As a public sector organization and a business leader, PIA believes in building strong relationships with customers, partners, employees, and the communities in which it operates. The organization's values are exemplified in a range of corporate initiatives designed to impact positively on the lives of multiple stakeholders. PIA practices active corporate citizenship through social services, support for non-profit organizations, medical services for employees, the promotion of sports, and educational initiatives.

PIA has institutionalized the practice of good governance by establishing a Corporate Social Responsibility Committee. The Committee provides a platform to evaluate, update, and recommend best practices as PIA continues on its mission to adhere to business ethics and stamp out corruption. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is woven into the fabric of daily operations at PIA. Our employees wholeheartedly contribute to our commitment to develop the organization, the communities in which we function, and the country.

BRIEFHISTORY

Pakistan International Airline was formed on 11th Report writing by Saleem Ahmed



march 1954 with merged services of Orient Airways. Three COnvair 240 and later three LOCKHEED L1049 super constellation aircrafts were added to the existing fleet of eleven DC-3 aircrafts, this made east and west linked by non stop flights. Two years later, first international flight was introduced with super constellation aircraft from Karachi - London via Cairo/Rome.

AIMS & OBJECTIVES



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION PIA's vision is to be a world class airline that exceeds customer expectations through dedicated employees, committed to excellence. Let us join us and contribute to making Pakistan's national airline a global carrier of choice.

The aims and objectives of PIA include ensuring safety and quality from customer’s point of view. Quality and efficient maintenance of Aircraft components is the highest priority and the goal of the organization. The factors behind successful achievement of the goals include safety, reliability, performance, customer values and satisfaction. Moreover it involves improving the quality of all products and services. It ensures good maintenance practices through the application of human factors principles, encouraging personnels to report maintenance related errors. It is the responsibility of all personnels of engg: department to extend full cooperation with quality auditors in order to promote quality, safety standards and to compliance with procedures. This leads the personnels to be dedicated, result oriented and to be devoted to their work. In result, employees working in PIA are provided with remuneration, bonus, gratituity, rewards, praise, allounces, packages, high salaries and other benefits due to their being sincere and dedicated to their work.

As a leading corporation, headquartered in Karachi, Pakistan, it is PIA’s responsibility to nurture and develop talented, motivated individuals.Throughout one’s career with PIA, one will be provided with opportunities for professional, technical and personal development. In return, it expects one to work with dedication, integrity, and 100% commitment as PIA strives to become a world class airline.

PIA is an equal opportunities employer and aims to ensure that no job applicant or employee receives unfavorable treatment on the grounds of gender, race, color, ethnic origin, religion, or disability. All appointments are made on the basis of merit.

(An Engineering Solutions for a Quality, Safety, and Cost Conscious Aviation Industry)



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION PIA Engineering is an established Aircraft Maintenance and Repair organization that provides world-class solutions to the aviation industry. PIA's Engineering Base, head-quartered at Jinnah International Airport, Karachi, is acclaimed as one of Asia's best. Strategically located for the convenience of airlines whose operations extend to Asia, it is equipped with the most advanced, modern aircraft maintenance and overhaul facilities and is manned by a team of highly trained personnel.

PIA Engineering's sustained commitment and ability to meet customer needs has long been a source of attraction for regional airlines that require aircraft maintenance support. PIA Engineering has now started maintaining the assets of airlines of European origin - giving the organization global recognition for its unbeatable quality, reliability and performance.

PIA Engineering delivers maintenance and overhauling services for customers as well as PIA's fleet of aircraft in accordance with the maintenance schedule approved by the Civil Aviation Authority, Pakistan and the European Aviation Safety Agency (under EASA PART-145 approval).

PIA’s large and diverse scope of maintenance include services of following aircrafts:

AircraftBoeing 747-300, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 777-200, Boeing 737-300, Airbus A300B4, Airbus A300B2 and Airbus A310-300.

Technical Excellence, Competitive Rates, Proven AbilityPIA Engineering's sustained commitment and ability to meet customer needs has long been a source of attraction for regional airlines that require aircraft maintenance support. PIA Engineering has now started maintaining the assets of airlines of European origin - giving the organization global recognition for its unbeatable quality, reliability and performance.




PIA Engineering - Areas and Services 1) Base Maintenance Engg: dept offers a cost-effective and high quality Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul Services for its airline fleet?

Entrust PIA Engineering, an EASA Part-145 approved MRO with the most extensive maintenance capabilities, with your engineering and maintenance requirements. Our clientele comprises of large numbers of international operators and our experience of over 50 years enables us to find the right solutions for all your operational and maintenance needs. Our services are tailored to your airline's needs. Our highly qualified engineering personnel offer comprehensive engineering services, backed up by excellent equipment and systems. We have sufficient aircraft support dock installations in the hangars, as well as trained manpower and tooling, to undertake simultaneous work on various types of aircraft in your fleet, around the clock.

Dept: offer Base Maintenance services in the following areas:

Structural Modifications The Base Maintenance team is backed up with a state-of-the art Structure Repair Shop which can perform repairs on individual structural components of aircraft and also has the capability to develop repair schemes.

Avionics Modifications PIA Engineering has been involved in all the recent aircraft retrofit programs, based on new requirements; such as TCAS-II, SUPERAHARS, GPS, EGPWS 8,33 kHz VHF, RVSM, and B-RNAV. With a group of avionics modification specialists, no installation job or STC implementation is too large or too complex for us. We have successfully completed a full installation of the MAS -2000E and also have in-house expertise in MAS-3000E installations and other In Flight Entertainment solutions.




Painting Base Maintenance team offers comprehensive aircraft painting services, including but not limited to:

Sign Painting Decals Placards Drawing of Logos Engraving of Cockpit Instrument Panels Write-ups in the Interior & Exterior of Aircrafts

2) Line MaintenanceOur highly skilled Line Maintenance team in Karachi undertakes and releases the full range of cabin tasks and In Flight Entertainment (IFE) checks during transit, along with regular transit tasks for Boeing 777, 747, 737 and Airbus A310, A300 B4, Fokker F-27, and ATR-42, under EASA Part-145 and CAA Pakistan. Our Line Maintenance division is backed by extensive shop support and substantial stocks of spare parts inventory and is amongst the region's most experienced facilities.As part of our Line Maintenance services, PIA Engineering also maintains the appearance and quality of your aircraft's cabin and exterior. Our Line Maintenance facilities cover the complete range of an aircraft's routine maintenance and inspection requirements. We have sufficient aircraft support dock installations in 4 hangars with the requisite trained manpower and tooling to undertake simultaneous work on various types of aircraft in your fleet, around the clock.PIA Engineering offers excellent Line Maintenance at all International/Commercial airports in Pakistan and large numbers of line stations around the globe.

3) Power Plant and OverhaulPIA's Power Plant Shops offer comprehensive repair, overhaul modification, testing and calibration services for a range of aircraft engines and APUs such as: PIA Engineering's Engine Overhaul Workshop is acclaimed as one of the most modern and best equipped

engine repair and overhaul facilities in the region. Spread over an area of 9,072 square meters, the workshop offers high-class plating facilities; both manual, as well as robotic plasma flame spray. The Engine Overhaul Workshop also includes a heat treatment shop with a vacuum heat treatment facility.

An independent machine shop, attached to the Engine Overhaul Workshop, is equipped with several precision machines used for the repair and modification of engine components during the overhaul process.



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION A key feature of the Engine Overhaul Workshop is the jet engine test facility, designed

to test aero engines up to a maximum capacity of 100,000 lbs thrust, airflow of 3,000 lbs/sec and an engine weight of 15,000 lbs. The test cell has recently been upgraded with a cutting-edge test cell data acquisition system, the ASE2000. The ASE2000 can be used to accommodate all FADEC/EEC powered engines.

4) Engine Condition MonitoringPIA Engineering develops and maintains engine reliability and engine oil analysis programs for the engines and APUs shown in the table above. 24/7 support services are also provided for operators in any geographical location.

5) Maintenance & Operations Control (MOC)The Maintenance & Operations Control Division offers comprehensive planning, materials, repairs, and logistics services to the highest international standards. The MOC Division is powered by fully-integrated computer systems to ensure efficient scheduling, administration, monitoring and control of maintenance activities, as well as cost-effective management of spares, equipment and resources.Engineering Automation provides information system solutions to all divisions enabling functional integration, resource optimization and technical reliability improvements. Being in a standardized technical environment and using common a information architecture based on IBM SNA, this shared network approach has resulted in enhanced user systems to improve fleet dispatch reliability performance. In addition, the division conducts time and motion studies to develop consolidated man-hour plans for all the sections of the PIA Engineering Complex, ensuring optimal utilization of human resources during critical projects.MOC coordinates core departments and external handling agencies to ensure prompt aircraft turnaround times with minimum technical delays, using the latest, state-of-the-art systems. MOC plays a pivotal role in aircraft on-ground situations that require skilled and dynamic responses. MOC provides support around the clock, with dedicated engineering personnel who liaise closely with operational departments and flight crews to ensure that operations run smoothly, and to minimize the impact of unscheduled maintenance and technical delays.

The team of specialists is committed to providing the highest levels of support and services:

Maximum fleet availability and serviceability via the production of long and short term maintenance plans

Optimum scheduling and availability of an entire aircraft's inventory

Development of Engineering Management Software solutions to manage the diverse needs of our customers

Conducting time and motion studies in the aviation sector to develop man-hour plans to ensure optimal utilization of human resources



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION Conducting On Job Training (OJT) on approved aircraft types, engines and systems

6) Avionics OverhaulPIA's Overhaul Shops offer repair, overhaul modification, testing, and calibration of a range of mechanical, electrical and electronic aircraft components and accessories for Boeing 737, 747 Airbus A300B4, A310, and F-27, including:

Analog and Digital Instrumentation Electrical, Hydraulic and Pneumatic System Components Fuel Measuring and Engine Accessory Components `Cabin Furnishing and Passenger Entertainment Units Oxygen and Safety Equipment

Avionics Shops are well equipped with the latest testing and overhauling facilities, such as Automated Test Equipment ATEC 6000, ATEC 4000 and the IRS Tester.

The shops provide maintenance support for the following:

Electrical Power Generation and Control Systems Equipment Anti Skid Control Systems Components Aircraft Information Management System Components Aircraft Batteries Aircraft Environment Control System Equipment Galley Equipment such as Fridges, Boilers and Ovens Interior and Exterior Lighting System Components Aircraft Engine Ignition, Engine Vibration Monitoring System Components

Fuel Control Valves and Fuel Boost Pumps Communication System Components (VHF and UHF) Instrument Landing System Components Navigation System Components and Autopilot System GPWS (Ground Proximity Warning Systems) Components LRRA (Low Range Radio Altimeter), DME/ATC Transponder System Components Flight Management Computer and Related Components Audio Entertainment Systems Weather Radar Systems Aircraft Pressurizing Components Quantity, Temperature and Pressure Transmitters and Indicators Fuel Quantity Computers

Crew Breathing/Oxygen System Components

Our Accessories Overhaul Shops are equipped with modern testing equipment such as test stands from GREER, Bäur of USA, and Vickers System of West Germany for testing hydraulic components. The shops provide support in the following areas:

Complete overhaul and repair of landing gears of Airbus A300, A310, B737, F-27 Aircraft



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION Capability and expertise in wheel and brake overhauling for B777, 747, 737 & AIRBUS

A300B4/A310 Aircraft Entire range of hydraulic, fuel, oil and miscellaneous systems (mechanical) components

ranging from a check valve to the most sophisticated equipment installed on A-310, A300, B747, B737-300 and F-27 aircraft

Repair and overhaul of engine fuel accessories such as the MEC for CF6 engine, CIT Sensors, etc.

Steering components Repair, overhaul and testing of APU fuel components Repair and overhaul of mechanical, hydrometric and electrical propellers, constant speed

units, pitch control units, bleed valve, anti-ice valve, water system components of entire PIA fleet and other propeller accessories.

7) Cabin ServicesAt the PIA Engineering Complex, we are committed to defect-free cabins and the spotless appearance of your aircraft. We repair, replace, overhaul, modify and test:

Cabin and Crew Seats Survival Equipment Galley Upholstery

In order to maintain our commitment to world-class quality, the PIA Engineering Complex has created a separate division specifically geared to the satisfaction of the modern traveler. This division has been split into three parts to support customer amenity items during short transit checks and long duration heavy "D" and "C" checks.

8) Aircraft FurnishingThe aircraft furnishing section, located in the Ispahani Hangar, is responsible for customer amenity items that are refurbished during heavy aircraft checks. A large workforce comprised of dedicated, well trained engineers and technicians, are responsible for planning and executing activities that ensure that all customer amenity items are maintained in a top of the line condition. Full-fledged back shop support consists of a seat shop where all the seats installed on the PIA fleet are maintained, including the cockpit seats of the B-777, B-747-200/300, A-310, A-

300, B-737 and the F-27. The aircraft furnishing section also maintains safety items, including life rafts and individual floatation devices on board the aircraft. A plastic repair shop also operates under the management of this section to ensure that plastic repairs are done in-house and that costly turn around times for amenity items are avoided.

Capabilities and Services:



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION Complete cabin refurbishment of all types of aircraft Overhaul of flight safety equipment installed on the PIA fleet Stripping and repainting of interiors and exteriors of aircraft Overhaul of passenger and crew seats, galleys and toilets of aircraft such as Boeing 747-

300, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 777-200, Boeing 737-300, Airbus A300B4, Airbus A300B2 and Airbus A310-300

Fabrication of galleys for F-27

9) Aircraft AppearanceOperating under the Line Maintenance division, this section maintains the upkeep and outlook of aircraft exterior and ensures that cabins are always presentable. Dedicated and trained aircraft engineers and technicians, working round-the-clock in three shifts, ensure that amenity items which may be handled in a transit check are taken care of.


Complete cabin items coverage of transit checks for the B-747-200/300, B-777, B-737, A-310, A300 and the F-27

Small exterior painting jobs Installation and removal of seat covers Installation and fabrication of toilets Maintenance of safety items

10) In Flight EntertainmentThe In Fight Entertainment (IFE) system is one of the most crucial systems as far as the brand equity of an airline is concerned, since it directly impacts a passengers' comfort during long haul flights. The maintenance of these systems is becoming extremely critical as airlines strive to up the ante in order to maintain a competitive edge in the passenger transport business.Video On Demand, Internet Access, Satellite Telephony, Interactive Games and In Flight Telephony are the value-added services that airlines are adding to their regular offering of Music and Movies on passenger seats. However this has resulted in IFE systems becoming complex and more expensive to maintain.


The PIA Engineering Complex has a dedicated team of avionics engineers and technicians who are responsible for installations, modifications, and maintenance of the Matsushita/Panasonic MAS-2000E and MAS-3000 E/I systems. This team works in conjunction with the Base Maintenance teams to ensure that IFE installations and modifications are dealt with during major checks, along with the rest of the modifications, service bulletins and airworthiness directives due on an aircraft. As a result, a PIA Engineering customer gets a comprehensive and economical package deal, as well as a



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION reduction in maintenance time, especially if all these activities were undertaken separately.PIA Engineering undertakes full IFE checks and minor seat rectification during transit checks in conjunction with the Line Maintenance teams. Aircraft engineers and technicians can undertake full seat electronics box removals, installations and data loading in very short time spans, ensuring that all onboard passengers have an enjoyable flight. The team ensures that operators' transit and turn around checks do not exceed their time limitations. PIA Engineering also has the capability to undertake transit checks for the B-747-200/300, B-777, B-737, A-310 and A300B4 under EASA Part-145 and CAA, Pakistan at its base in Karachi, which is a major regional hub.

11) Quality SystemsAt PIA Engineering, quality is at the heart of everything we do and our commitment to quality empowers us to anticipate our customers' needs. We deliver airworthy aircraft and aircraft components, ensuring the quality of products through our Audit and Reliability programs, in addition to our strong base of Quality Control.Prior to 2001, the PIA Engineering Complex operated via approvals from FAA (USA) and CAA (UK). PIA Engineering offered maintenance services and engineering assistance to foreign airlines, including Emirates Airlines, Singapore Airlines, Libyan Airlines, and Iran Air. The PIA Engineering Complex is also a Civil Aviation Authority - Pakistan Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO). In 2001, the Management of PIA Engineering applied for Part-145 Maintenance Organization Approval, granted by the European Aviation Safety Agency EASA. Maintenance facilities were upgraded in their entirety, and the landscape of the Engineering Complex was altered with the addition of the Quality Audit section, set up to conduct internal audits. After the initial audits conducted by the French Regulatory Authority GSAC on behalf of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in February 2004, the PIA Engineering Complex was awarded with Maintenance Organization Approval from EASA. The PIA Engineering Complex is an EASA (European Aviation Safety agency) Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO), with the Approval Number: EASA.145.0004.An audit program supported by computer software has been established to ensure compliance with airworthiness requirements. This software helps to monitor the audit program and can also be used to record and control other aspects of the quality management program such as training, staff distribution and personal licensing.

The PIA Engineering Complex is an EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) and a Civil Aviation Authority - Pakistan Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO). Both the bodies also conduct annual audits of PIA Engineering to ensure that a safe and quality conscious organization is serving the airline industry. PIA is also a member of the IATA Organizational Safety Agency (IOSA), which also conducts regular audits of the PIA Engineering Complex.



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION Quality Systems is responsible for a number of activities which include:

Monitoring maintenance activities through an approved audit program Personal authorization control and management Conducting technical investigations Acting as a liaison between airworthiness authorities Inspection of incoming aircraft materials and parts Aircraft weighing Monitoring aircraft systems performance and troubleshooting Structural repairs recording, analysis and solution provision Technical records administration and control

Quality Systems also deploys state-of-the-art Non Destructive Testing (NDT) facilities. Techniques such as industrial radiography, ultrasonic crack detection, Eddy Current inspection, radio-isotope and gamma-ray techniques for detecting cracks and irregularities in hidden and inaccessible parts of jet engines and airframe structures are employed. Our inspectors are qualified in accordance with EN4179 to Level II standard. The Avionics Overhaul section also offers a Spectrograph Laboratory which has a high precision computerized spectrometer for conducting oil analysis to monitor the condition of engines, thereby contributing to flight safety. The equipment is capable of analyzing oil samples from approximately 200 engines, daily. The addition of a Plasma Spectrometer enables the facility to analyze engine oils to a finer degree of up to 0.01 ppm.

With all these services, Quality Systems provides an operator full support and coverage of aviation maintenance services covered by regulatory authorities.

12) Development Engineering DivisionDevelopment Engineers are experts in the evaluation, recommendation, specification and negotiation of aircraft acquisitions. The team monitors projects from inception, through the inspections phase from aircraft assembly, to delivery and acceptance. Capabilities and Services:Our highly-trained team of specialists are devoted to providing the best support for:

Evaluating and providing recommendations for Service Bulletins and Airworthiness Directives for aircraft and components

Preparation of Work Scopes and the production of Maintenance Task Operating Plans, Maintenance Task Cards, Job Instruction Cards and Work Packages

Planning implementations of retrofit programs

Engine condition monitoring and advice for engine removal/installation for optimum life APU health monitoring In-house modification developments and implementation in all areas of an aircraft,

including cabin, airframe, avionics and engines Maintaining knowledge libraries within PIA Engineering, ensuring that maintenance staff

have access to relevant, up-to-date material and information.




13) Flight Simulator TrainingThe history of PIA's flight simulators dates back to the inception of the airline. Extremely effective for flight crew training, PIA's B707 flight simulator has been used by a number of regional airlines. Until the turn of the century, Air Malta, Alyemda, CAAC, Egypt Air, East African Airlines, Iran Air, Iraq Air, Libyan Air, JAT, Tarom, Saudia, Alia and Pakistan Air Force have utilized PIA's flight simulators for the training of their pilots and crew.PIA Engineering maintains A310, B747, B743 Flight Simulators for in-house flight crew training and other operators and airlines can also schedule training sessions. The Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan has approved PIA's flight simulators for use in pilot training, and the following services are offered:

Transition training Recurrent training Customized training

PIA's simulators can be booked along with PIA's Flight Training Instructors but customers can choose to use their own instructors as well.

PIA-Health, Safety, Environment &

Quality Policy In PIA, all employees are committed to providing distinctive air transport services and satisfying global needs and expectations of our customers through continual improvement of:

Quality of our services and processes with a view to enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Occupational health and safety of all personnel, aircraft, equipment and facilities. Environment quality, prevention of pollution, energy and resource conservation, reduction

of waste and adoption of environment friendly practices.




Social Services

Training and Education PIA Training Center

The PIA Training Center is a leading airline training institution that delivers the highest standards of aviation instruction. The Training Center is built around a highly advanced training infrastructure, approved by local and international regulatory authorities such as CAA, ICAO, and IATA. The PIA Training Center's courses are based on a unique, standards-based curriculum designed to impart knowledge and best practices in all the aspects of the airline industry. The PIA Training Center provides quality training to PIA's pilots, engineers, air hostesses, and to employees of other associated PIA divisions.

PIA Industrial Training InstituteThe PIA Industrial Training Institute was established in 1986 to provide technical, vocational, and industrial knowledge to the families of PIA's employees. With the sustained support of top-level management at PIA, the Institute has functioned smoothly for over two decades, and has emerged as a leading industrial training center in the region. The Institute imparts industry knowledge, and specialized training courses in arts and crafts to the families of employees for a very nominal fee, empowering them to earn livelihoods and gain respect in their communities.

Medical Services PIA Employee Health and Medical ServicesThe health and welfare of our employees has always been a matter of utmost importance and significance at PIA. All employees are provided with a comprehensive medical package, in collaboration with reputable hospitals, diagnostic labs, and medical institutions. In 1959, PIA established a Medical Division to supply wide-ranging medical coverage to active and retired employees. To ensure that the highest standards of aviation are maintained, a Crew Center periodically carries out air crew checks, in conformity with international and Civil Aviation Authority standards.PIA's medical facilities cover the parents and spouses of serving employees, children up to the age of 27, unmarried daughters, and disabled, mentally challenged children of any age. Retired employees and their spouses are also eligible for medical care at PIA's Medical Centers. In addition to coverage in Pakistan's major cities, PIA has extended its medical network to 35 smaller stations, in collaboration with private and public sector hospitals. PIA also looks after its overseas employees under the Local National Health Scheme and Insurance Schemes.

Safety Flight Safety and HSE

The PIA Flight Safety & Health Saftey and Envriornment (HSE) Directorate ensures a safe and hazard-free environment in the workplace and on board PIA aircraft. The Directorate is



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION also responsible for minimizing the effects of accidents and incidents by implementing safety programs.IATA Operational Safety Registration AwardPIA has been certified by the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) for conforming to the highest standards of safety. The IOSA Certificate is an all-encompassing safety audit which reviews facilities such as engineering, flight operations, medical and equipment maintenence, operational efficiency, safety of planes, and emergency response procedures. PIA is proud to have been cleared by the vigorous standards of IOSA, having demonstrated adaptability to change, and the ability to refine and implement requirements and procedures ensuring operational safety and efficiency.

Fire Safety in the Workplace and at Home

PIA has made a number of arrangements to handle incidental fires and allied hazards. First Aid Fire Stations have been set up in Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad, and Fixed Fire Protection Systems have been installed at sensitive premises. PIA's locations are equipped with portable fire extinguishers and a range of other fire safety devices. All the installed equipment is inspected regularly and maintained in accordance with international standards.

Fire Safety Courses are conducted regularly to equip employees with fire fighting skills and to impart critical knowledge of preventive measures. Fire Prevention Courses are also conducted at the Staff Township and PIA Model Schools so that employees and their families can take appropriate fire prevention measures at home.

PIA's Flight Safety and HSE Department also actively engages in advocacy sessions to create awareness through print publications, the media and the sharing of experiences. Working in collaboration with the Fire Protection Association of Pakistan, PIA is committed to creating and

promoting a culture of safety at a nation-wide level. The department's future plans include running fortnightly fire and safety awareness sessions at government and private schools.

Emergency Response Planning Passenger care is an airline's most crucial responsibility. Acknowledging the significance of Emergency Response Planning (ERP), PIA has set up a discrete section to handle emergencies. The Emergency Response Planning Section has developed an Emergency Response Manual and manages Emergency Response Center Teams, Field Teams, Family Assistance and Support Teams, and Volunteers. The ERP Section will also train volunteers in the areas of aircraft emergencies, rescue, basic first aid, and fire fighting to effectively respond to natural disasters.Emergency Response Facilities, currently under development, will include the computerized data storage of teams and volunteers with an automated emergency call out system. The software application will also provide a technology supported callback system for contacting families of the affected.



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION PIA’s Emergency Response Planning Section hopes to contribute meaningfully towards national capacity building in the area of emergency management, through financial and human resource investments.

PIA FLEETPIA's fleet of modern aircraft is spacious, comfortable, and designed to get you to your destination safely. PIA operates a range of advanced aircraft, ranging from the world's preferred Boeing 777 airplane to the super-quiet Airbus A-310.

PIA's fleet includes: BOEING 777The Boeing 777 family comprises of long-range, wide-body airplanes with twin-engines. It is the first commercial aircraft designed entirely on a computer. PIA presently, is the only airline in the world to operate all the three variants of the 777 family : 777-200LR, 777-200ER and 777-300 , all of whom are well loved by PIA's seasoned travellers for their spaciousness and comfort. PIA also holds the privilege of being the launch customer for 777-200LR, one of which has set the record for the longest commercial jet flight in aviation history.

Boeing 747-300 and Boeing 747-200 (Combi) The Boeing 747, often referred to as a Jumbo Jet, is amongst the world's most iconic and recognizable jet airplanes. Produced by Boeing's Commercial Airplane division, the 4 engine airplane uses a two-deck configuration. The 747 typically offers a layout accommodating between 400 to 450 passengers, depending on the configuration.




Boeing 737-300

The Boeing 737 is arguably the world's favorite narrow-body jet airplane. Amongst its many credits, it has the distinction of being the most ordered and produced commercial airplane of all time and Boeing continues to manufacture it, to date. Given the number of 737s in active use, it is estimated that on average, one Boeing 737 takes off every 5 seconds, somewhere in the world.

Airbus A-310The Airbus A-310, a medium to long range wide-body airplane is derived from the Airbus A-300 and is manufactured by Airbus Industries. The A-310s are medium capacity long range aircraft, mostly for our european routes, offering comfortable seating.

IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENTAboard a PIA flight, there is so much to do that you really won't feel like landing. Movies, Music, Games, Duty-Free Shopping, Tourist Information, Maps, and Real-Time Flight Information will keep you entertained for hours.




Grab a drink, put on your headphones, switch on your personal screen, and enjoy the show. PIA's selection of movies and shows include popular entertainment genres such as English Features, English Dramas and Sitcoms, Documentaries, Sports, Specials Content for Kids, Religious Shows, Lifestyle Shows, Punjabi Feature Films, and Musical Videos and Shows.See What's On This Month Celebrate your love of music with PIA's large and diverse selection. Tune into over a dozen channels depending on your mood and interests. Relax with Nice & Easy, or groove to the latest Chart Toppers. Swing to the sounds of Jazz Streams or sing along with Ghazals & Geets. We've also got a great mix of PIA Pop Songs and Instrumentals, New Age, Timeless Classical, Semi Classical, Broadway Bound, Country & Western, Qavvali, Hamd & Naat, and Quranic Verses, and lots of great audio content for kids, with PIA Children's Time.

PIA's menu of addictive and challenging games will make the hours whizz by. We've got arcade-style games, card games, strategy games, and crosswords to keep you entertained and help you unwind.




Flight KitchensPIA runs two modern, well-equipped Flight Kitchens in Karachi and Islamabad that serve culinary delights ranging from delicious Pakistani delicacies to tempting Western cuisines to more than 15,000 passengers everyday, traveling on domestic and international flights. In addition to serving sumptuous food, PIA Flight Kitchens also cater to VVIP flights and Chartered flights for top government officials and foreign delegates. Special meals which are customized according to the passengers’ requirements like Diabetic Meal, Vegetarian Meal, Low Cholesterol Meal and Baby Meals are also offered to our passengers upon request. The kitchens are supported by strong production and operation teams including expatriate chefs who have a diverse experience in international cuisines. The chefs have undergone overseas training to further hone their skills. Several of PIA’s top chefs have also been posted to overseas flight kitchens to share their expertise in cooking skills .Infact, since February 2006, the management control of the Karachi Flight Kitchen has been given to Singapore Air Terminal Services (SATS), a leading premier company in ground and cargo operations , and inflight catering, to further enhance the quality of food on board the flights. Accordingly, SATS has initiated an extensive renovation of the Karachi Flight Kitchen to upgrade its infrastructure and are establishing extremely stringent quality control standards that shall ensure the highest quality and hygiene levels. It is in the process of obtaining the HACCP Certification too, which is an international certificate on food hygiene.The two Flight Kitchens are also equipped with food testing microbiological laboratories which conduct stringent daily microbiological tests to ensure that food produced is safe, nutritious and palatable. All the other related processes like Inventory Control, Menu Planning, Portion Control, Cost Calculations, and Management Information Systems are managed through cutting-edge technology and modern business practices.

Ground Handling of Aircrafts



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION Ground handling at an airport is amongst the most complex and time-critical processes in the aviation industry. Even moments of delay in a single activity can cause major problems, leading to a substantial waste of resources and delays to the entire system. Backed by decades of operational experience, PIA offers premium ground handling services to customers.PIA's ground handling services include:

Passenger Handling Ramp Handling Cargo Handling Flight Operations Catering Services Technical Handling Executive Jets Handling Line Maintenance Charters Handling

PIA is the largest provider of ground handling services in Pakistan, with a first-class record of reliability. Our engineering base provides a comprehensive set of facilities for the B747, A300, A310, B737, F27, and Twin Otter aircraft, backed by hundreds of qualified aircraft and flight engineers. If your ground handling requirements fall within the domain of IATA SGHA, you can rely on PIA to take care of your needs.

GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENTS USED IN AN AIRCRAFT

COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER (CVR) It is used to record the voice data and observation during the flight. It saves the recording of last 30 minutes. Commonly known as black box.

INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM (INS) : A typical inertial navigation system uses a combination of roll, pitch and azimuth gyroscopes, to stabilize the X, Y, Z accelerometers to solve a large set of differential equations in order to convert these readings into estimates of velocity, position& altitude, starting off from a known position of latitude and longitude.




ALTIMETER : An altimeter is an active instrument used to measure the altitude of an object with respect to its ground position.

GYROSCOPE: A gyroscope is a device for measuring or marinating orientation, based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum.

TELECOMUNICATION COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS): A modern system introduced to avoid traffic collisions between the aircrafts during flight.

DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT(DME): It is Equipment used to measure the height of aircraft with respect to the ground position.

THROTLE: It is used to accelerate the engine.

EMERGENCY ESCAPE DECENT DEVICE It is a feature of latest aircrafts, used to come out of aircraft at the time of emergency.

APU: Functions as secondary power unit to power the aircraft.

RADR: Aircraft is turned through radr.

COCKPIT LEVERS: These are used to produce power thrust in order to accelerate engine.

Satellite Communication system: Capables a passenger to communicate with the external world during the flight.




HYDRAULIC POWER GENERATOR It generates hydraulic pressure (3000 psi approx :) used to rotate the control wheels.

VERY HIGH FREQUENCY (VHF): Used in data transmition between sender and receiver, ranging from 30-300MHZ.

HIGH FREQUENCY (H.F): Used in long range communication between sender and receiver, ranging from 3-30MHZ.

INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS ): It is an instrument approach system which provides precise guidance to an aircraft

Approaching a run way, it also provides guidance about the Runway surface.

AUTO PILOT : An auto pilot is a mechanical cum electrical system used to control the aircraft without having assistance of pilot.

GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM (GPWS) : It is a system designed to alert pilots at the time when their aircraft is in immediate danger of hitting the ground.

WEATHER RADAR : Weather radars are pulsed radars. The microwave generators are usually magnetron or klystron with wavelength of 1-10 cm.The wave is transmitted through wave guide toward a parabolic antenna.




PIA AT PRESENT TOTAL FLEET : 43 OPERATIONAL FLEET: 72.5% DESTINATIONS CLOSED : 9 stations WORK FORCE : 18043 total employees FEMALE WORKFORCE : 10% EMPLOYEES RATIO : 582 per aircraft H.R BUDGET : 16% of total operating cost

FINANCIAL POSITION (REPORTED LOSSES)

1. Rs 13.4 billion as of december 2008 2. Rs 5.5 billion as of first quarter 2009 3. Rs 42.4 billion accumulated loss as of march 31,2008 4. Rs 15.5 billion recurring debt servicing

FUTURE PLANS OF PIAReport writing by Saleem Ahmed



Proposed fleet -53 Aircrafts. 100% operational fleet. Resumption of Amsterdam flight. New destination; e.g. Bradford. Female workforce to be enhanced. Employee ratio340 per Aircraft. H.R budget to be increased by 1% every second year. Break even by 2010. Re-defined job description/re-appropriation of man

power at foreign stations. PIA to offer man power expertise for the growing

aviation market of the Middle –East. Adherence to business ethics & zero tolerance towards

corruption. Proactive marketing plan & decision making. Improved reservation system. International web-ticketing service. Customer satisfaction to be prioritized. New cargo products. Pyramid style organization.

COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONSMy one month internship experience led me in sharing following views about the Finance department, PIA.



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION Proper training classes should be entertained for the internees desirous

for internship, provided with stipend and lunch facilities during their internship period.

There must be organized a tough inspection of each section of engineering and Finance dept: where maintenance and repair is done, so as to assure the quality and effective maintenance and repair of individual equipment to be assembled in the Aircraft, as it is a matter of customer’s safety.

Old and obsolete equipments and other machinery should be scraped or removed off with their Manuals so as to be replaced by the newer ones. E.g. (Banned Fokker aircraft equipments).

There should be entertained applications regarding official visits for the candidates applying from any University in Pakistan.

A corporation for its proper development and achievement of its goals requires setting up in it, a congenial and a cordial environment between the employees so that they may work honestly and truly.

High remuneration, praise, benefits, free traveling, medical facility and other allowances should be awarded to the employees, based on the performance, efficiency and dedication to their work.

There should be maximally 8 hours allocated for work for an employee so that he may work dedicatedly faster and efficient.

There should be set up such a congenial environment between the employees where employees may share their mutual talent & help each other as far as their technical expertises are concerned.

Saleem Ahmed


internship report pakistan international air line

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