interpreters and egyptianized nubians in ancient egyptian foreign
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Interpreters and Egyptianized Nubians in Ancient Egyptian Foreign PolicyTRANSCRIPT
University of PennsylvaniaScholarlyCommons
Publicly accessible Penn Dissertations
1976
Interpreters and Egyptianized Nubians in AncientEgyptian Foreign Policy: Aspects of the History ofEgypt and NubiaLanny David BellUniversity of Pennsylvania
Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertationsPart of the Islamic World and Near East History Commons, and the Near Eastern Languages and
Societies Commons
This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/470For more information, please contact [email protected].
Recommended CitationBell, Lanny David, "Interpreters and Egyptianized Nubians in Ancient Egyptian Foreign Policy: Aspects of the History of Egypt andNubia" (1976). Publicly accessible Penn Dissertations. Paper 470.
Interpreters and Egyptianized Nubians in Ancient Egyptian ForeignPolicy: Aspects of the History of Egypt and Nubia
AbstractThis study is a thorough philological investigation of the ancient Egyptian word íc3w (usually transliterated c
in Old and Middle Egyptian texts and 3 c c in Late Egyptian). The approach is diachronic, with considerationof the various manifestations of the word over more than three thousand years; all known occurrences areexamined. The etymology is determined, its meaning is discussed, and its semantic development traced.Historical linguistic technique is employed to reconstruct the vocalization of the word and demonstrate itsphonetic development. Evidence for differential development in the pre-Coptic dialectal forms is adduced.Phonetically similar words are introduced for comparative purposes, and much use is made of the vocabularyof Coptic. Lexicographical research is carried out on many ancient Egyptian terms. The methodology alsorequires the pursuit of questions of Egyptian phonology, orthography, and paleography. All the contexts of theword are presented, in order to ascertain the full range of its application and associations. Relevant non-linguistic factors—the associated artistic representations, and the distribution of the references—areintroduced in conjunction with the textual material. In its literal meaning the word íc3w means “babbler” inreference to humans and “brayer” in reference to donkeys (the word normally transliterated c3). In itsextended meaning, the word means “interpreter” when applied to Egyptians and “Egyptianized Nubian”(Nubian in Egyptian service) when applied to foreigners. In the conclusions, the historical and socialimplications of the usage of the term are reevaluated in the light of this new understanding of it.
Degree TypeDissertation
Degree NameDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Graduate GroupNear Eastern Languages & Civilizations
First AdvisorDavid B. O'Connor
Subject CategoriesIslamic World and Near East History | Near Eastern Languages and Societies
This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/470
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