interprofessional practice promoting partnerships inhealth
TRANSCRIPT
Interprofessional Interprofessional PracticePractice
Promoting Partnerships Promoting Partnerships
in in
HealthHealth
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Define Interprofessional Define Interprofessional PracticePractice
Drivers of IPPDrivers of IPP
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
Examples of IPPExamples of IPP
Being Professional today Being Professional today means being hellipmeans being hellip
InterprofessionalInterprofessional
InterInter-- between across beyond between across beyond
--professionalprofessional-- a way of behaving a way of behaving
Types of TeamsTypes of Teams
bull MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinary
bull InterdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary
bull TransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinary
Interprofessional TeamsInterprofessional Teams
bull An interprofessional team is made up of An interprofessional team is made up of members of different professions and members of different professions and positionspositions
bull Individuals bring to the team the Individuals bring to the team the specialised knowledge skills methods specialised knowledge skills methods and attitudes of their disciplinesand attitudes of their disciplines
bull Members integrate their observations Members integrate their observations bodies of expertise and spheres of bodies of expertise and spheres of decision making to coordinate decision making to coordinate collaborate and communicate to collaborate and communicate to optimise client careoptimise client care
Working Together for Working Together for HealthHealth
World Health Report 2006World Health Report 2006bull Shift from tertiary hospital to patient Shift from tertiary hospital to patient
centred home based and team driven centred home based and team driven carecare
bull Increasing incidence of chronic Increasing incidence of chronic conditionsconditions
bull Core competencies include patient Core competencies include patient centred care partnering quality centred care partnering quality improvement information and improvement information and communication technology and a public communication technology and a public health perspectivehealth perspective
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Define Interprofessional Define Interprofessional PracticePractice
Drivers of IPPDrivers of IPP
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
Examples of IPPExamples of IPP
Being Professional today Being Professional today means being hellipmeans being hellip
InterprofessionalInterprofessional
InterInter-- between across beyond between across beyond
--professionalprofessional-- a way of behaving a way of behaving
Types of TeamsTypes of Teams
bull MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinary
bull InterdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary
bull TransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinary
Interprofessional TeamsInterprofessional Teams
bull An interprofessional team is made up of An interprofessional team is made up of members of different professions and members of different professions and positionspositions
bull Individuals bring to the team the Individuals bring to the team the specialised knowledge skills methods specialised knowledge skills methods and attitudes of their disciplinesand attitudes of their disciplines
bull Members integrate their observations Members integrate their observations bodies of expertise and spheres of bodies of expertise and spheres of decision making to coordinate decision making to coordinate collaborate and communicate to collaborate and communicate to optimise client careoptimise client care
Working Together for Working Together for HealthHealth
World Health Report 2006World Health Report 2006bull Shift from tertiary hospital to patient Shift from tertiary hospital to patient
centred home based and team driven centred home based and team driven carecare
bull Increasing incidence of chronic Increasing incidence of chronic conditionsconditions
bull Core competencies include patient Core competencies include patient centred care partnering quality centred care partnering quality improvement information and improvement information and communication technology and a public communication technology and a public health perspectivehealth perspective
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Being Professional today Being Professional today means being hellipmeans being hellip
InterprofessionalInterprofessional
InterInter-- between across beyond between across beyond
--professionalprofessional-- a way of behaving a way of behaving
Types of TeamsTypes of Teams
bull MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinary
bull InterdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary
bull TransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinary
Interprofessional TeamsInterprofessional Teams
bull An interprofessional team is made up of An interprofessional team is made up of members of different professions and members of different professions and positionspositions
bull Individuals bring to the team the Individuals bring to the team the specialised knowledge skills methods specialised knowledge skills methods and attitudes of their disciplinesand attitudes of their disciplines
bull Members integrate their observations Members integrate their observations bodies of expertise and spheres of bodies of expertise and spheres of decision making to coordinate decision making to coordinate collaborate and communicate to collaborate and communicate to optimise client careoptimise client care
Working Together for Working Together for HealthHealth
World Health Report 2006World Health Report 2006bull Shift from tertiary hospital to patient Shift from tertiary hospital to patient
centred home based and team driven centred home based and team driven carecare
bull Increasing incidence of chronic Increasing incidence of chronic conditionsconditions
bull Core competencies include patient Core competencies include patient centred care partnering quality centred care partnering quality improvement information and improvement information and communication technology and a public communication technology and a public health perspectivehealth perspective
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Types of TeamsTypes of Teams
bull MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinary
bull InterdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary
bull TransdisciplinaryTransdisciplinary
Interprofessional TeamsInterprofessional Teams
bull An interprofessional team is made up of An interprofessional team is made up of members of different professions and members of different professions and positionspositions
bull Individuals bring to the team the Individuals bring to the team the specialised knowledge skills methods specialised knowledge skills methods and attitudes of their disciplinesand attitudes of their disciplines
bull Members integrate their observations Members integrate their observations bodies of expertise and spheres of bodies of expertise and spheres of decision making to coordinate decision making to coordinate collaborate and communicate to collaborate and communicate to optimise client careoptimise client care
Working Together for Working Together for HealthHealth
World Health Report 2006World Health Report 2006bull Shift from tertiary hospital to patient Shift from tertiary hospital to patient
centred home based and team driven centred home based and team driven carecare
bull Increasing incidence of chronic Increasing incidence of chronic conditionsconditions
bull Core competencies include patient Core competencies include patient centred care partnering quality centred care partnering quality improvement information and improvement information and communication technology and a public communication technology and a public health perspectivehealth perspective
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interprofessional TeamsInterprofessional Teams
bull An interprofessional team is made up of An interprofessional team is made up of members of different professions and members of different professions and positionspositions
bull Individuals bring to the team the Individuals bring to the team the specialised knowledge skills methods specialised knowledge skills methods and attitudes of their disciplinesand attitudes of their disciplines
bull Members integrate their observations Members integrate their observations bodies of expertise and spheres of bodies of expertise and spheres of decision making to coordinate decision making to coordinate collaborate and communicate to collaborate and communicate to optimise client careoptimise client care
Working Together for Working Together for HealthHealth
World Health Report 2006World Health Report 2006bull Shift from tertiary hospital to patient Shift from tertiary hospital to patient
centred home based and team driven centred home based and team driven carecare
bull Increasing incidence of chronic Increasing incidence of chronic conditionsconditions
bull Core competencies include patient Core competencies include patient centred care partnering quality centred care partnering quality improvement information and improvement information and communication technology and a public communication technology and a public health perspectivehealth perspective
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Working Together for Working Together for HealthHealth
World Health Report 2006World Health Report 2006bull Shift from tertiary hospital to patient Shift from tertiary hospital to patient
centred home based and team driven centred home based and team driven carecare
bull Increasing incidence of chronic Increasing incidence of chronic conditionsconditions
bull Core competencies include patient Core competencies include patient centred care partnering quality centred care partnering quality improvement information and improvement information and communication technology and a public communication technology and a public health perspectivehealth perspective
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Bio-psycho-social ModelBio-psycho-social Model(Roberts 1994)(Roberts 1994)
lsquolsquothe human being as a complex mix of internal physical psychologic social and cultural variables living within an equally dynamic environmental mixture of social cultural interpersonal economic and political variablesrsquorsquo
(Kielhofner 1985 as cited in Peloquin 1997 p 167)
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interprofessional Team Multidisciplinary Team
(Sheehan et al 2007)Cooperative work Cooperative work common common understandings and understandings and goalsgoals
Worked in parallel Worked in parallel noticed others noticed others contributions passed contributions passed on informationon information
Commitment to joint Commitment to joint communication communication genuine valuing and genuine valuing and interestinterest
Clinical decision Clinical decision making drew on other making drew on other health professionals health professionals informationinformation
Clear communication Clear communication processes and processes and understanding of understanding of rolesroles
Lack of common Lack of common understanding of understanding of patient management patient management issuesissues
Language inclusive Language inclusive frequent use of lsquowersquo frequent use of lsquowersquo and lsquoteamrsquoand lsquoteamrsquo
Minimal use of Minimal use of inclusive language inclusive language but all contributions but all contributions valuedvalued
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety Data (2006)Data (2006)((Nisbet 2007)Nisbet 2007)
Contributing factorContributing factor WAWA NSNSWW
QLQLDD
Policy amp Procedure 2626
2525 2323
Communication 2323
2525 2020
Human factors (schedulingtraining)
1818
1414 2020
Information (availabilitycompleteness)
1313
1212
Knowledge amp skills 1818
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Tragedies in Tragedies in CollaborationCollaboration
Bristol inquiryBristol inquiry
Kennedy ReportKennedy Report
Victoria ClimbeacuteVictoria Climbeacute
Laming ReportLaming Report
ldquoldquoEvery Child MattersrsquoEvery Child Mattersrsquo
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Patient Client Service Patient Client Service UserUser
Identify a situation where you have Identify a situation where you have been a service userbeen a service user
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Community Rehab Community Rehab ServicesServices
ndashTo maximise independence and community participation
ndashTo achieve durable outcomes and improved quality of life for clients
ndashTo reduce admissions and re-admissions
ndashTo improve continuity of care
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Barriers to IPPBarriers to IPP
bull Differences in history and cultureDifferences in history and culturebull Historical interprofessional and Historical interprofessional and
intraprofessional rivalriesintraprofessional rivalriesbull Differences in language and jargonDifferences in language and jargonbull Differing professional routinesDiffering professional routinesbull Varying levels of preparation Varying levels of preparation
qualifications and statusqualifications and statusbull Fears of diluted professional identityFears of diluted professional identity
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Professional Cultures Professional Cultures
Culture the social heritage of a Culture the social heritage of a communitycommunity
Values beliefs attitudes customs and Values beliefs attitudes customs and behavioursbehaviours
bull Autonomy bull Beneficencebull Confidentialitybull Dilemma bull Dutybull Ethicsbull Fidelity
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Professional CultureProfessional Culture
bull Justice
bull Morality
bull Non-malfeasance bull Veracity
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
StereotypesStereotypes
Stereotyping is a natural human process
Positive guide their intergroup behavioursefficiently deal with an outgroup with
minimum expenditure of energy
Negative generate false or negative expectations of another groupsrsquo attitudes or behaviours
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Stereotypes in Health Stereotypes in Health CareCare
ldquoldquoMany allied health professionals work with Many allied health professionals work with patients for episodes of care They have a patients for episodes of care They have a distinct and purposive range of activities that distinct and purposive range of activities that can be easily explained and their contribution can be easily explained and their contribution to patient care within the team can be clearly to patient care within the team can be clearly demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002demarcatedrdquo Scholes 2002
ldquoldquoI see the occupational therapist as someone I see the occupational therapist as someone who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one who walks around with a roll of Velcro in one hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think hand and a lump of Blutak in the other I think they try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquothey try and stick Velcro anywhere they canrdquo
ldquoldquoThe doctors do what the consultants do which The doctors do what the consultants do which is to be standoffish and give very vague is to be standoffish and give very vague answers to your question in a rather imperial answers to your question in a rather imperial mannerrdquomannerrdquo
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Health Care StereotypesHealth Care Stereotypes
Nursing MedicinePhysiotherapistsOccupational TherapistsSpeech PathologistsPharmacistsDentists
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Granny DraggersGranny Draggers
Physio terroristsPhysio terrorists
Massage Therapists
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Changing Health Changing Health ProfessionsProfessions
1048633 Move from traditional inward-looking reactive culture to outward-looking proactive culture
1048633 Shift from profession-centred to patient-centred culture
1048633 Blurring professional boundaries1048633 Changes in law re scope of
practiceresponsibilities1048633 Increased expectations of interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice1048633 Focus on evidence-informed practice1048633 Increasing demands for
accountabilitytransparency1048633 Internationalization
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Professional Cultures as Professional Cultures as BarriersBarriers
bull Social work perspective Problem Social work perspective Problem externalexternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the worldworld
bull Health care perspective Problem Health care perspective Problem internalinternal
∆ ∆ Change the Change the personperson
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Policy driversPolicy driversThe Multidisciplinary Health Team must adopt
interprofessional practice to address
bull the changing needs of the population the changing needs of the population bull changes in the incidence and changes in the incidence and treatment of disease treatment of disease
bull changes in technology and changes in technology and bullchanges in consumer expectationschanges in consumer expectations
WHO Framework for Action 2010WHO Framework for Action 2010The World Health Organization recognizes interprofessional
collaboration in education and practice as an innovative strategy that will play an important role in mitigating the global health crisis
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Collaborative Skills for Collaborative Skills for TeamworkTeamwork
bull CooperationCooperationbull AssertivenessAssertivenessbull ResponsibilityResponsibilitybull CommunicationCommunicationbull AutonomyAutonomybull CoordinationCoordination
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interprofessional Interprofessional competenciescompetencies
bullInterpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bullPatientClient Service user ndashPatientClient Service user ndashcentred and Family focussed centred and Family focussed care (Relationship-based care (Relationship-based care)care)
bullCollaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interpersonal and Interpersonal and Communication SkillsCommunication Skills
bull I effectively express my own I effectively express my own knowledge and opinions to others knowledge and opinions to others involved in careinvolved in care
bull I actively listen to the knowledge and I actively listen to the knowledge and opinions of other team membersopinions of other team members
bull I use information systems and I use information systems and technology to exchange relevant technology to exchange relevant information among all professionals information among all professionals to improve careto improve care
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Relationship-based CareRelationship-based Care
bull I involve the service user and family I involve the service user and family (carers) in group decision making (carers) in group decision making processesprocesses
bull I ensure continuous integration of I ensure continuous integration of service users and families (carers) in service users and families (carers) in the team in order to maintain optimal the team in order to maintain optimal evolving careevolving care
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Collaborative PracticeCollaborative Practice
bull I take part in and support I take part in and support
collaborative decision-makingcollaborative decision-makingbull I understand and respect roles and I understand and respect roles and
responsibilitiesresponsibilitiesbull I actively contribute to team I actively contribute to team
functioningfunctioningbull I participate actively in continuous I participate actively in continuous
quality improvementquality improvement
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
CR Interdisciplinary Competencies
1 Frameworks of understanding
2 Networks and teams-collaborative practice
3 Cultural awareness
4 Holistic focus
5 Consumer engagement
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
ICF ICF (WHO 2001 p18)(WHO 2001 p18)
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
CR Interdisciplinary CR Interdisciplinary CompetenciesCompetencies
6 Service continuity
7 Reflective practice
8 Community engagement
9 Boundaries and personal safety
10 Systems advocacy
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interprofessional Interprofessional EducationEducation
Interprofessional EducationInterprofessional Education (IPE)(IPE) ldquooccasions where 2 or more professions
learn with from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of carerdquo
ldquo hellip lack of coordination between the education and health areas of government leading to mismatches between education and training places and service delivery requirementsrdquo Productivity Research Report (2005pxxiv)
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Childrens ServicesChildrens Services
bull Multi-agency working acknowledges the Multi-agency working acknowledges the inter-relatedness of family needs in the inter-relatedness of family needs in the fields of health social services law fields of health social services law enforcement child welfare housing and enforcement child welfare housing and educationeducation
there is a terrible danger here ndash is there there is a terrible danger here ndash is there not doctor ndash of social services on the one not doctor ndash of social services on the one hand and you on the other each expecting hand and you on the other each expecting the other to do the investigation with the the other to do the investigation with the result that nobody doesresult that nobody does
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
IP amp Palliative CareIP amp Palliative Care
Origins of palliative care lie in Origins of palliative care lie in religious care and nursing rather religious care and nursing rather than medicine than medicine (Crawford amp Price 2001)(Crawford amp Price 2001)
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Community Community RehabilitationRehabilitation
Holistic frameworkHolistic framework
Consumer DrivenConsumer Driven
Advocacy RoleAdvocacy Role
Seamless ServiceSeamless Service
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interprofessional Practice Interprofessional Practice in Healthin Health
Interprofessional Practice is a Interprofessional Practice is a partnership between a team of partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a health professionals and a client in a participatory collaborative and participatory collaborative and coordinated approach to shared coordinated approach to shared decision making around health issuesdecision making around health issues
Together everyone achieves moreTogether everyone achieves more
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Interprofessional practice Interprofessional practice is reaching out beyond the is reaching out beyond the
teamteam
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Point 6 APA Code of Point 6 APA Code of ConductConduct
APA members must communicate and cooperate
with colleagues and relevant agencies in the best interests of their clients and the wider community
Members shall collaborate professionally with
all relevant providers to achieve optimal client
outcomes
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
Longstanding fragmentation of health service delivery and the global health workforce shortage make collaborative teamwork an imperative
The drive for collaborative teamwork is a World Health Organisation priority for action
Collaborative teamwork is a sophisticated skill and some individuals are better at it than others others may need staff development
The main challenges to collaborative teamwork are understanding othersrsquo roles and effective communication
If quality care is the goal for patients and families clinical competence must be balanced with collaborative competence
Strategies to improve the effectiveness of service delivery need to be political organisational and professional
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen
APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct APA (2008) APA Code of Conduct httpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdfhttpwwwphysiotherapyasnauimagesAPA_Corporate_Documentsapa_code_of_conductpdf
Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004Australian Health Ministers Conference National Health Workforce Strategic Framework 2004
Beauchamp T L amp Childress J F (2001) Principles of biomedical ethics (5th ed) New York Oxford University Press
Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Crawford G amp Price S (2003)Team working palliative care as a model of interdisciplinary practice MJA179 S32ndashS34
Hindle D Braithwaite J Travaglia J amp Iedema R (2006) Patient Safety A comparative analysis of eight enquiries in six countries httpwwwcechealthnswgovaufilespatient-safetypublicationspatient-safety-reportpdf
Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) Meads G amp Ashcroft J (2005) The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social The Case for Interprofessional Collaboration In Health and Social CareCare CAIPE Blackwell Publishing CAIPE Blackwell Publishing
Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective Nisbet J (2007) Interprofessional Learning the Australian Perspective httpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_NisbetpdfhttpwwwclinicalsenatehealthwagovaupresentationsdocAug07_Nisbetpdf
Roberts P (1994) Theoretical models of physiotherapy Physiotherapy 80 361-6
Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Scholes J (2002) Cross-boundary working implications for the multiprofessional team Journal of Journal of Clinical NursingClinical Nursing 11 (3) 399-408 11 (3) 399-408
Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of Sheehan D Robertson L amp Ormond T (2007) Comparison of language used and patterns of communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams communication in interprofessional and multidisciplinary teams Journal of Interprofessional Journal of Interprofessional CareCare21 (1) 17-3021 (1) 17-30
World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and World Health Organisation (2010) Framework for Action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice collaborative practice httpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionenhttpwwwwhointhrhresourcesframework_actionen