interventions for rehabilitation/management of salt affected soils
TRANSCRIPT
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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MJWISXIJWMNJR HNSSIEFCMLMWFWMNJ . @FJFDI@IJW
NH RFLW FHHIBWIG RNMLR
Gs* Jf{ms EyrrfmjRnml ( Tfwis Rflmjmw} Iuqisw
Gs* Refe{fgf @yjftfs @iegmFdsmbylwysfl Bei`mrw
Rnml Rflmjmw} Sirifsbe Mjrwmwywi, %RRSM-Qmjgm Cefwwmfj %Qyjkfc- Qfomrwfj
Fqsml, 3114
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 3 nh 67
MJWISXIJWMNJR HNS SIEFCMLMWFWMNJ.@FJFDI@IJW NHRFLW FHHIBWIG RNMLR
Rnml rflmjmw}, rngmbmw}, tfwislnddmjd fjg rfhi yri nh csfbomre tfwis fsi wei
rmdjmhmbfjw fjg qibylmfs qsncli`r nh qsirijw fdsmbylwysi mj Qfomrwfj* Wei }milg nh bsnqrfjg sirylwfjw mjbn`i nh wei hfs`isr mr byw gntj mj fbbnsgfjbi tmwe wei gidsii nh weiriqsncli`r* Mj rixisi bfrir, wei lfjgr cibn`i cfssij fjg wei rnli rnysbi nh lmxilmenng nhwei qnns hfs`isr mr rjfwbeig, lifxmjd em` yji`qln}ig* Wfbolmjd fjg `fjfdi`ijw nhrybe lfjgr jiig rqibmhmb ftfsijirr, wsfmjmjd fjg m`qli`ijwfwmnj nh rmwi rqibmhmbmjwisxijwmnjr*
Mj nsgis wn wfboli wei qsncli`, wtn fqqsnfbeir fsi dijisfll} rilibwig, tembe fsi fryjgis;
6*
Y
Siefcmlmwfwmnj nh rflw fhhibwig lfjgr;Y
Mj wemr fqqsnfbe, ihhnswr fsi `fgi wn bnjxisw wei fhhibwig lfjgr wn weims
nsmdmjfl qnwijwmfl* Hns wemr qysqnri, f`ijg`ijwr fsi fggig wn wei rnml, tfwis mr fqqlmignxis fjg fcnxi wei jns`fl mssmdfwmnjr fjg rqibmhmb fdsnjn`mb qsfbwmbir fsi fgnqwig*
3* YYwmlm{fwmnj nh rflw fhhibwig rnmlr fw wei qsixfmlmjd rwfwyr;
Wei rnmlr bfj flrn ci ywmlm{ig fjg `fjfdig fw weims qsixfmlmjd rwfwyrwesnyde rqibmfl hfs`mjd nqisfwmnjr*
Wei `fmj yrir nh rybe lfjgr fsi;
6* Dsntmjd nh rflw wnlisfjw bsnqr3* Dsntmjd nh rflw wnlisfjw hsymw qlfjwr wesnyde rqibmfl wibejmvyir2* Dsntmjd nh rflw wnlisfjw cyreir fjg wsiir fr hnsirwr ns fdsn hnsirws}7* Dsntmjd nh rflw wnlisfjw hnggisr fjg sfmrmjd nh hfs` fjm`flr9* Hmre hfs`mjd
F rqibmhmb ojntligdi fjg ftfsijirr nh wei ryckibw mr sivymsig hns fgnqwmjdfj} nh wei fcnxi fqqsnfbeir fjg rycrivyijw `fjfdi`ijw nh rflw fhhibwig lfjgr*
Mw tmll ci dnng mh wei cidmjjis cibn`ir ftfsi nh f hit wibejmbfl wis`r wefw tmllhsivyijwl} ci yrig mj wei bn`mjd qfdir*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 2 nh 67
YRflmjmw};
Mj mwr csnfgis rijri, wemr tnsg mr yrig wn bnxis wei rnlycli rflwr fjg rngmy`qsncli` nh rnml ns tfwis* Cyw mj qysil} wibejmbfl wis`r, mw gnir mjgmbfwi wei qsncli` nhnjl} iubirr rnlycli rflwr hsn` rnml fjg tfwis hns wei qlfjw dsntwe* Mw mr `ifrysig frIlibwsmbfl Bnjgybwmxmw} %IB- fjg mwr dijisfl lm`mw hns rnml mr `nsi wefj 7 gR`Q 6Q temli hnstfwis mr `nsi wefj 6*9 gR` Q 6Q*
YRngmbmw};
Mw gijnwir wei qsncli` nh iubirrmxi rngmy`, %Jf Q/ Q- mj rnml ns tfwis tmwesihisijbi wn qlfjw dsntwe* Mw mr `ifrysig wesnyde iubefjdifcli rngmy` qisbijwfdi%IRQ- cyw `nsi hsivyijwl} rngmy` fgrnsqwmnj sfwmn %RFS- mr yrig* Wei dijisfl bsmwmbfllm`mw hns rnml mr `nsi wefj 62, temli hns tfwis mw mr `nsi wefj 61* Mj Qfomrwfjm rnmlr `nrwl}
rflmjmw} fjg rngmbmw} bniumrw*
Y Tfwis lnddmjd;
Wemr gijnwir wei qsncli` bn`mjd wesnyde jifsjirr nh tfwis wfcli wn weiryshfbi nh wei rnml cibfyri qsirijbi nh iubirr tfwis bfj flrn bsifwi qsncli`r hns jns`flqlfjw dsntwe* Wei dijisfl lm`mw fgnqwig mr 2 `iwisr %61 hiiw- tfwis wfcli giqwe hsn` weirnml ryshfbi*
YRnml fhhibwig rnmlr
Rnmlr efxmjd qsncli` nh rflmjmw} ns rngmbmw} ns cnwe bn`cmjig rn fr wnfhhibw qlfjw dsntwe jidfwmxil}*
YW}qir nh rflw fhhibwig rnmlr
Nj wei cfrmr nh qsncli` nh rflmjmw} ns rngmbmw}, wei rnmlr fsi blfrrmhmig mjwnwesii csnfg dsnyqr*
YRflmji rnmlr;
Weiri fsi wei rnmlr wefw efxi IB Ci C `nsi wefj 7 gR` Q 6Q cyw RFS mr lirr wefj62* Weiri rnmlr fsi xis} ifr} wn `fjfdi mh dnng vyflmw} tfwis mr fxfmlfcli* Wei qe}rmbflbnjgmwmnj si`fmjr dnng*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 7 nh 67
YRflmji rngmb rnmlr;
Weiri fsi wei rnmlr efxmjd IB Ci C `nsi wefj 7 gR` Q 6Q fjg RFS `nsi wefj 62*Rybe rnmlr jiig rn`i f`ijg`ijw lmoi d}qry`, fbmgr ns nsdfjmb `fwismfl flnjd tmwetfwis hns weims `fjfdi`ijw fjg ylwm`fwi siefcmlmwfwmnj
YRngmb rnmlr;
Rnml efxmjd IB lirr wefj 7 gR` Q 6Q cyw RFS `nsi wefj 62* Weiri fsi tnsrw rnmlr wn`fjfdi fjg siefcmlmwfwi* Yryfll}, bn`cmjfwmnj nh f`ijg`ijwr fjgfdsnjn`mb.ijdmjiismjd fqqsnfbeir fsi yrig*
YBlfrrir nh rflmjmw};
Wei blfrrir nh rflmjmw} tmwe sirqibw wn rixismw} fsi fr yjgis;
Blfrrir Bsmwismf Iuqibwig }milg lnrrirRlmdewl} rflmji IB 7 5 gR`Q 6Q 61 39) @ngisfwil} rflmji IB 5 69 gR` Q 6Q 39 91)Rwsnjdl} rflmji @nsi wefj 69 gR` Q 6Q @nsi wefj 91)
YBlfrrir nh rngmbmw};
Blfrrir Bsmwismf Iuqibwig }milg lnrrirRlmdewl} rngmb RFS `nsi wefj 62 39 69 21 ) @ngisfwil} rngmb RFS 39 79 21 81 ) Rwsnjdl} rngmb RFS `nsi wefj 79 @nsi wefj 81 )
Jnwi; 6* Njl} bsnqr wnlisfjw wn rflmjmw}.rngmbmw} renylg ci dsntj*3* ]milg lnrrir tmll xfs} mj gmhhisijw bsnqr gyi wn weims rqibmhmig
wnlisfjbi qnwijwmfl fr till fr rnml wiuwysi fjg rwsybwysi, vyflmw} nhmssmdfwmnj tfwis fjg blm`fwmb bnjgmwmnjr %sfmjhfll fjgwi`qisfwysi-*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 9 nh 67
YRflw Wnlisfjw Bsnqr;
Wei rilibwmnj nh fqqsnqsmfwi bsnqr mr xis} m`qnswfjw teij wei rnmlr fsi rlfwfhhibwig* @fwbemjd nh rflw wnlisfjw lm`mwr nh wei bsnqr tmwe wei qsixfmlmjd rwfwyr nh rnmtmwe sirqibw wn rflmjmw}.rngmbmw} mr nh qsm`i m`qnswfjbi nweistmri befjbir nh hfmlysimjbsifri* Wei hnllntmjd dymgilmjir fsi qsirijwig mj wemr sidfsg*
Bsnqr Rnml IB %gR` Q 6Q- hns iuqibwig }milg nh611) 49) 91) 1)
Cfsli} 5*1 62*1 65*1 35*1Bnwwnj 4*4 62*1 64*1 65*1Rydfsciiw 4*1 66*1 69*1 68*1Rnsdey` 8*5 5*7 =*= 62*1 Teifw 8*1 =*9 62*1 31*1
Smbi 2*1 9*6 4*3 66*1Rydfsbfji 6*4 9*= 61*1 61*1@fm{i 6*4 2*5 9*= 61*1Wn`fwn 3*9 9*1 4*8 62*1Rqmjfbe 3*1 9*2 5*8 69*1Bfccfdi 6*5 7*7 4*1 63*1Qnwfwn 6*4 2*5 9*= 61*1 Kfjwfs 3*2 9*= =*7 64*1Flhflhf 3*1 9*7 5*5 68*1Cisrii` 6*9 9*= 61*1 6=*1
YGmhhisijw Mjwisxijwmnjr;
Rilibwmnj nh fqqsnqsmfwi mjwisxijwmnj wn ci i`qln}ig c} wei ntjis nh rflw fhhibwig lfjgtmll giqijg yqnj wei hfs`isr mjwisirw, rnml rflmjmw}.rngmbmw} rwfwyr, vyflmw} nh dsnyjgtfwis fjg vyfjwmw} nh bfjfl tfwis silfwig fxfmlfcli hfbmlmwmir nh wei hfs`is fjg bsnqr nsqlfjwr wn ci dsntj* Hns rybbirrhyljirr nh wei mjwisxijwmnj, mw mr emdel} m`qnswfjw wnrilibw nji wefw `fwbeir tmwe fll wei hfbwnsr*
6*
DSNTMJD WNLISFJW BSNQR MJ RLMDEWL] WN@NGISFWIL] RFLW FHHIBWIG LFJGR
Wnlisfjw bsnqr bfj ci dsntj mj rlmdewl} wn `ngisfwil} rflw fhhibwig lfjgr tmwerqibmfl `fjfdi`ijwr qsfbwmbir* Weiri rnmlr bfj ifrml} ci `fjfdig hns jnw njl} dsntmjdnh rqibmhmb bsnqr cyw mw mr flrn qnrrmcli wn sixisw weiri wntfsgr weims nsmdmjfl qnwijwmfl*Entixis, fqqsnqsmfwi nqisfwmnjr fjg fbwmxmwmir tmll gmsil} ci jiigig* Wei rlmdewl}
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 8 nh 67
fhhibwig rnmlr fsi wenri wefw efxi imweis IBCi C 7 5 gR` Q 6Q ns RFS 62 39 ns cnwe tmwemj weirisfjdir* Wei iuqibwig }milg lnrrir tmll giqijg yqnj wei rixismw} nh wei qsncli`, wiuwysinh rnml fjg wei bsnq cimjd dsntj* Entixis, weiri `f} ci hsn` 61 39 ), mh f rijrmwmxibsnq mr jnw cimjd dsntj*
@ngisfwil} fhhibwig rnmlr tmll efxi IB Ci C 5 69 gR` Q 6Q ns RFS 39 79 ns cnwe weiriqfsf`iwisr tmwemj weiri sfjdir* Wei }milg lnrrir `f} ci 39 91 ), giqijgmjd yqnjxfsmnyr hfbwnsr ijwmnjig fcnxi*
YLfjg qsiqfsfwmnj fjg bylwysfl qsfbwmbir;
Lfjg lixillmjd mr f cfrmb sivymsi`ijw* Wei hmilg cnyjgfsmir renylg cirwsijdweijig* Wei rnml fjg wycitill tfwis renylg ci dnw wirwig* Giiq qlnydemjd nsbemrilmjd njbi mr nhwij sibn``ijgig cihnsi lixillmjd* Yri nh gmrb qlnyde ns snwfxfwns mryrihyl, irqibmfll} fhwis efsxirwmjd nh bsnqr rn wefw bsnq sirmgyir fsi mjbnsqnsfwig fjg`muig till mj wei rnml*
YLifbemjd fjg fqqlmbfwmnj nh f`ijg`ijwr;
Mh wei rnmlr fsi njl} rflmji %efxi IB : 7 gR` Q 6Q-, weiri bfj ci yrig hns dsntmjd nhbsnqr fhwis 3 7 giiq mssmdfwmnjr %63 b`- nh dnng vyflmw} tfwis ns tfwis nh lirris IB wefjwei rnml mj nsgis wn csmjd mw tmwemj wei wnlisfjbi lm`mw nh wei bsnqr wn ci dsntj*
Mh wei RFS nh wei rnml mr `nsi wefj wei bsmwmbfl lm`mw %lirr wefj 62-, weij rn`if`ijg`ijw efr flrn wn ci fqqlmig* Wemr `f} ci 31 71 cfdr nh d}qry`, 7 8 wnjr nh hfs`}fsg `fjysi, dsiij `fjysi %irqibmfll} Kfjwfs-, qsirr`yg, bsnq sirmgyir %smbi ns teifwrwsft, dsfrrir- ns bn`qnrw ns 91 611 od nh rylqeysmb fbmg ns fj} nweis lmvymgf`ijg`ijw lmoi hlyxmb fbmg iwb* Nh bnysri 3 7 giiq mssmdfwmnjr tmll hnllnt* Qygglmjd mrwnwfll} qsnemcmwig mj bfri nh dsntmjd smbi mr weiri rnmlr*
YRilibwmnj nh bsnqr fjg bsnq snwfwmnjr;
Rilibwmnj nh bsnqr mj wei fqqsnqsmfwi rivyijbi mr xis} m`qnswfjw nweistmri weisifsi befjbir nh hfmlysi fjg weisi mr lnrr nh mjbn`i wn wei hfs`isr mh rijrmwmxi bsnqr fsi
dsntj* Wei wnlisfjbi nh bsnqr `yrw `fwbe wei rflmjmw}.rngmbmw} rwfwyr nh wei rnml* Weirymwfcli bsnq snwfwmnjr till hmwwmjd wei rmwyfwmnj fsi fr yjgis;
Smbi Teifw.Cfsli}Smbi %Bnfsri- Smbi %Hmji- Teifw.Cfsli}Smbi Cisrii`Bnwwnj TeifwTeifw Rnsdey`.Qifsl `mlliw
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 4 nh 67
YRntmjd nh bsnqr;
Nji nh `fkns qsncli`r hns dsntmjd nh bsnqr mj rflw fhhibwig rnmlr mr ncwfmjmjdfqqsnqsmfwi qlfjw qnqylfwmnj fjg mwr ryrwfmjfcmlmw} gysmjd lfwis rwfdir nh dsntwe*Eijbi, rybe `iwengr fjg `ifrysir fsi gixmrig wefw eilq mj dis`mjfwmnj, irwfclmremjdriiglmjdr fjg `fmjwfmjmjd wei girmsig qlfjw qnqylfwmnj wn wei ijg nh bsnqqmjd rifrnj*@nswflmw} mr `fj} wm`ir `nsi wefj wei jns`fl rnml* Wn ncwfmj wemr nckibwmxi, 61 31 )emdeis riig sfwi mr sibn``ijgig* Wtn ns `nsi riiglmjdr nh smbi qis emll %enli- renylgci wsfjrqlfjwig* Rntmjd nh teifw fjg bnwwnj nj smgdir %renylgis- mr yrihyl* Wei rnml`nmrwysi bnjwijw renylg ci `nsi wefj wei jns`fl rnml fw wei wm`i nh riig rntmjd* Riigmr flrn rqsifg mr wei rwfjgmjd tfwis mh wei rnmlr fsi rflmji ns efxi dnng gsfmjfdi fjgtfwis gnir jnw rwfjg nj wei ryshfbi hns `fj} gf}r, fr mj bfri nh rngmb rnml ns nhwij mjrflmji rngmb bnjgmwmnjr*
YHiswmlm{is fqqlmbfwmnj;
Bfsi efr wn ci wfoij hns hiswmlm{is yri mj rflw fhhibwig rnmlr* Mgifll}, f``njmy`rylqefwi, rmjdli ryqis qenrqefwi %RRQ- fjg qnwfrrmy` rylqefwi fsi wei ciwwis rnysbir nhjmwsndij, qenrqensnyr fjg qnwfrrmy` sirqibwmxil}* Entixis, mj bfri nh jnj fxfmlfcmlmw}nh weiri hiswmlm{isr, ysif fjg wsmqli ryqis qenrqefwi %WRQ- . `njn f``njmy`qenrqefwi %@FQ- bfj flrn ci yrig* Wei sibn``ijgig gnrir nh hiswmlm{is hns gmhhisijwbsnqr fsi qsirijwig mj Wfcli 6*
Wfcli 6; Sibn``ijgig hiswmlm{is hns gmhhisijw bsnqr mj rflw fhhibwigrnmlr;
Rs* Jn* Bsnqr Sibn``ijgig hiswmlm{is %od.fbsi-J Q O
6 Teifw 99 91 393 Smbi 79 31 312 Bnwwnj 29 29 7 Cfsli} 99 91 399 Cisrii` 61 41 398 Rnsdey`.Qifsl `mlliw 21 69
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 5 nh 67
YMssmdfwmnj;
Mh cnwe w}qir nh tfwis %bfjfl fjg wycitill- fsi fxfmlfcli, weiri renylg ci yrig mjf b}blmb `fjjis* Mh wei tfwis mr rflmji %efxmjd IB 6*9 2*1 gR` Q 6Q- tmwe lirr RFS ns SRB,weij mw renylg ci yrig hns teifw ns bnwwnj mj wei snwfwmnj* Mh mw efr emde RFS %61 31- nsSRB %6*9 wn 2*1 ` iv LQ 6Q-, weij mw renylg ci yrig hns smbi mj wei bsnq rivyijbi* Wei nweisbsnq renylg ci mssmdfwig tmwe bfjfl tfwis* Mh weisi mr jn bfjfl tfwis ryqql}, weij 61 69) `nsi tfwis %L*H- renylg ci yrig bnyqlig tmwe d}qry` fqqlmbfwmnj %frsibn``ijgig fhwis tfwis wirw- mj bfri nh emde RFS.SRB tfwis*
3* SIEFCMLMWFWMNJ NH RWSNJDL] RFLW FHHIBWIG LFJGRFJG RYCRIVYIJW QLFJW DSNTWE
Rwsnjdl} fhhibwig rnmlr fsi wenri wefw efxi imweis IB `nsi wefj 69 gR `Q 6Q ns RFS
`nsi wefj 79 ns cnwe nh wei` bn`cmjig* Wei }milg lnrrir nh ixij rflw wnlisfjw bsnqr fsi`nsi wefj 91) cyw `nrw nhwij weiri lfjgr fsi jnw cimjd bylwmxfwig cibfyri weisi mr xis}lirr dis`mjfwmnj fjg rycrivyijw bsnq dsntwe* Weisihnsi, rybe rnmlr fsi `nrw nhwijcfssij fjg siefcmlmwfwmnj mr f `yrw cihnsi weiri fsi csnydew yjgis qlnyde fdfmj*
YQsilm`mjfs} rwiqr;
Wei rnmlr renylg ci lixillig fjg cnyjgfsmir ci rwsijdweijig* Giiq qlnydemjdjns`fll} eilqr f lnw* Wei rnmlr renylg ci dnw wirwig flnjdtmwe wei wycitill tfwis* Hnswemr qysqnri, wei jifsirw Gmrwsmbw Rnml fjg Tfwis Wirwmjd Lfcnsfwns} renylg cifqqsnfbeig ns risxmbir nh Rnml Rflmjmw} Sirifsbe Mjrwmwywi %RRSM-, Qmjgm Cefwwmfj bfj cncwfmjig* Wei siqnswr nh gmrwsmbw lfcnsfwnsmir bfj ci ryc`mwwig wn RRSM hns diwwmjrqibmhmb sibn``ijgfwmnjr wn `fjfdi rflmjmw}.rngmbmw} nh rnml fjg tfwis* Nh bnysri,fggmwmnjfl mjhns`fwmnj nj rnml wiuwysi, fgnqwig bsnq snwfwmnj, fxfmlfcmlmw} nh bfjfltfwis, gsfmjfdi, tfwis wfcli giqwe fjg wei hfbmlmwmir nh wei hfs`is tmll ci sivymsig hns`fomjd fqqsnqsmfwi sibn``ijgfwmnjr*
YSiblf`fwmnj qsnbirr;
Siblf`fwmnj qsnbirr tmll ci gmhhisijw hns rflmji fjg rflmji rngmb rnmlr* Wei wirwsiqnsw tmll mjgmbfwi teiweis wei rnml mj rflmji, rngmb ns rflmji rngmb fjg mj bfri nh lfwwiswtn bfwidnsmir, tefw tmll ci wei vyfjwmwmir nh d}qry` sivymsig hns wefw qfswmbylfs rnml*Qsnqis lfjg siefcmlmwfwmnj `iweng tmll ci rilibwig fbbnsgmjdl}*
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Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi = nh 67
m* YRflmji rnmlr;
Mh wei rnmlr fsi rflmji, weims siblf`fwmnj mr bn`qfsfwmxil} ifrmis*Fqqlmbfwmnj nh hfs` }fsg `fjysi, qsirr`yg, bn`qnrw ns dsiij `fjysi%%7 8 w.fbsi- mr sibn``ijgig* Wei dnng vyflmw} tfwis %ns tfwis efxmjdlirris IB wefj wei rnml- renylg ci fqqlmig* Jns`fll} 2 9 giiq mssmdfwmnjrtmll ci sivymsig, giqijgmjd yqnj wei lixil nh rnml rflmjmw}* Weij, wei bsnqrbfj ci ywmlm{ig hns dsntmjd nh bsnqr* Wei qsihisfcli hmsrw bsnq mr smbi fjgdnng wm`i mr Fqsml Kyji, rn wefw cijihmwr nh rycrivyijw `njrnnj sfmjrbfj flrn ci ncwfmjig*
mm* YRflmji rngmb ns rngmb rnmlr;
Fhwis lixillmjd fjg giiq qlnydemjd, d}qry` %nh dnng vyflmw}- renylg ci
fqqlmig mj wei vyfjwmwmir sibn``ijgig c} wei lfcnsfwns} wesnyde rnml wirw*Wtn wemsg ns wesii hnyswe nh wemr vyfjwmw} renylg ci yjmhns`l} rqsifg njwei ryshfbi fjg `muig till wesnyde qlnydemjd wtmbi* Si`fmjmjd nji wemsgns nji hnyswe renylg fdfmj ci rqsifg nj wei ryshfbi* Weij wei mssmdfwmnjtfwis %`f} ci wycitill tfwis cyw nh lirr IB fjg RFS wefj wei rnml- renylgci ijnyde wn csmjd wei rnml IB fjg RFS hfxnysfcli hns smbi* Lifbemjd nhsirw nh wei rflwr tmll ci ncwfmjig gysmjd rycrivyijw smbi dsntwe cibfyrismbi mr wei njl} qsihissig bsnq fhwis f`ijg`ijw fqqlmbfwmnj* Mw `yrw cisi`i`cisig wefw qysmw} nh d}qry` %Fw lifrw `nsi wefj 41) fjg 81)renylg qfrr wesnyde 21 `ire-, fqqlmbfwmnj nh d}qry` mj iufbw vyfjwmw},wensnydel} `mumjd fjg rycrivyijw mssmdfwmnjr fsi wei oi} hfbwnsr nhd}qry` wibejnlnd}* @mrrmjd fj} nji `f} lifg wn hfmlysi ns rlnt weisiefcmlmwfwmnj qsnbirr fjg }milg lnrrir nh mjmwmfl bsnqr*
YSiefcmlmwfwmnj nh gijri rnmlr fjg rflw fhhibwig blf}i} rnmlr;
Rn`i wm`ir rflw fhhibwig rnmlr efxi efsg lf}is mj mwr qsnhmli ns wei wiuwysi nh weirnml mr blf}i}* Siblf`fwmnj nh weiri rnmlr mr `nrw gmhhmbylw fjg jiigr rn`i rqibmflnqisfwmnjr* Fw wei hmsrw rwiq, csifomjd nh efsg lf}is mr irrijwmfl hns tembe bemril.rycrnmlis ns smqqis mr wn ci yrig, giqijgmjd yqnj wei giqwe nh wei efsg lf}is* Wei qfrrfdinh tfwis wesnyde rnml %e}gsfylmb bnjgybwmxmw}- efr wn ci mjbsifrig mj blf}i} rnml c}bn`cmjmjd 91 611 Od nh rylqeysmb fbmg tmwe sibn``ijgig vyfjwmw} nh d}qry`*Rm`mlfsl}, fqqlmbfwmnj nh hfs` }fsg `fjysi, dsiij `fjysi, fjg qsirr `yg ns bn`qnrwfw wei sfwi nh 7 8 wnjr.fbsi tmll ci eilqhyl dsifwl}* Ensm{njwfl hlyremjd mr flrnsibn``ijgig* Mj wemr wibejmvyi, tfwis mr fqqlmig, oiqw mj wei hmilg hns 65 37 enysrfjg hlyreig nyw nh wei hmilg mjwn f rmgi befjjil ns f qmw mj nsgis wn si`nxi wei rflwr wefwnweistmri bfjjnw `nxi mjwn giiqis giqwer*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
10/14
Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 61 nh 67
YBylwysfl qsfbwmbir fjg hiswmlm{is;
Fll wei bylwysfl qsfbwmbir, rntmjd `iwengr, riig sfwi, hiswmlm{is fjg mssmdfwmnj tmllci wenri wefw efxi flsifg} ciij qsirijwig hns rlmdewl} wn `ngisfwil} fhhibwig rnmlr*Entixis, mw renylg ci oiqw mj `mjg wefw wei siblf`fwmnj qsnbigysi giwfmlig fcnxirenylg ci bn`qliwig fw lifrw 69 gf}r cihnsi rntmjd nh bsnqr*
2* FGGSIRRMJD QFWBE] RFLMJMW];
Rflmjmw}.rngmbmw} hnyjg mj r`fllis ns cmddis rflw fhhibwig qfwbeir nh xfsmnyrjy`cis tmwemj fl`nrw jns`fl hmilg mr bfllig qfwbe} rflmjmw}* ]milgr fsi sigybigrmdjmhmbfjwl} mj weiri rnmlr, mj rqmwi nh fqqlmbfwmnj nh fll wei mjqywr tmwe hyll gnrir* Eijbi,`fj} wm`ir wei mjbn`i mr byw rensw wn wei lixil %rn`iwm`ir 91)- fw tembe dsntmjd nhbsnqr cibn`ir yjibnjn`mbfl* Weisihnsi, fggsirrmjd weiri qfwbeir mr xis} m`qnswfjw wnncwfmj hyll qnwijwmfl nh rybe lfjgr* Siblf`fwmnj fbwmxmwmir renylg ci sirwsmbwig njl} wnsi`nxi weiri qfwbeir*
YFqqsnqsmfwi wibejmvyi hns si`nxfl nh rflw fhhibwig qfwbeir;
Wei qfwbeir renylg ci mgijwmhmig fjg `fsoig* Weiri qfwbeir fsi, dijisfll}, fw weiemdeis lixil wefj wei nweis tenli hmilg fjg fsi xis} emde mj gidsii nh rflmjmw}.rngmbmw}*Nji nqwmnj mr wn rbsfq fjg si`nxi 9 8 b` ryshfbi lf}is fjg qmli wei rflw} rnml mj rn`i
giqsirrmnj ns qmwr*
YYri nh Fbmgr;
Cirw fggsirrmjd mr qnrrmcli teij smbi ns fj} nweis bsnq mr dsntmjd* Rylqeysmbfbmg mr jns`fll} sibn``ijgig cyw fj} nweis fbmg cfrig lmvymg f`ijg`ijw bfj flrn ciyrig* Fbmg mr gmlywig 31 39 wm`ir* Fbmg mr qnysig mj tfwis, wfoij mj f qlfrwmb cyboiw nswyc* Fhwis eflh fj enys, wei sifbwmnj bn`qliwir fjg gmlywi fbmg mr sifg} hns yri* Weigmlywig fbmg mr rqsf}ig tmwe qlfrwmb rentis nj wei qfwbeir %tembe fsi jns`fll} gixnmgnh fj} bsnq- mj rwfjgmjd tfwis* Fbmg teij gmlywig fbbnsgmjd wn `iweng sibn``ijgiggnir jnw si`fmj efs`hyl wn wei cng}* Wei vyfjwmw} nh fbmg wn ci fqqlmig tmll giqijgyqnj wei rixismw} nh wei qsncli`* Dijisfll}, 6 3 od hns qfwbe nh nji @fslf %1*118 fbsi- mrsibn``ijgig*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
11/14
Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 66 nh 67
YYri nh d}qry`;
D}qry` bfj flrn ci yrig hns fggsirrmjd qfwbe} rflmjmw}* D}qry` bfj ci fqqlmigcihnsi rntmjd nh bsnqr ns temli bsnqr nweis wefj smbi fsi dsntmjd* Wei dijisfll}sibn``ijgig sfwi nh d}qry` mr nji cfd qis @fslf nh wei qfwbe} fsif* Wei sivymsigvyfjwmw} mr fqqlmig fjg `muig wesnyde enimjd ns qlnydemjd %mj bfri nh cmddis qfwbeir-fjg tfwis mr fqqlmig ns wei mssmdfwmnjr dmxij wn wei nweis hmilg tmll ryhhmbi wei qysqnri*
YHiswmlm{is fjg bylwysfl qsfbwmbir;
Fll wei bylwysfl qsfbwmbir, hiswmlm{is, riig sfwi fjg rntmjd `iwengr nh jns`fl rnmlrbfj ci fgnqwig cyw mw tmll ci qsihisfcli mh wei qsngybwmnj wibejnlnd} dmxij hns rlmdewl}fhhibwig rnmlr mr i`qln}ig* Riig sfwi renylg ci mjbsifrig c} 61 69) nj wei qfwbeir, mhmgijwmhmig flsifg} fjg cimjd fggsirrig* Lixillmjd nh lfjg, nh bnysri, tmll ci nh dsifw
eilq wn fxnmg wei i`isdijbi nh qfwbeir fr till fr giflmjd tmwe wei qfwbeir*
7* DSNTMJD NH HNSIRW.HSYMW QLFJWR MJ RFLW FHHIBWIGRNMLR
Wei rflw wnlisfjw cyreir hnsirw wsiir fjg hsymw qlfjwr bfj flrn ci dsntj mj rflwfhhibwig rnmlr, mh wei hfs`is efr wei mjwisirw* Entixis, hns rybbirrhyl qlfjwfwmnjrm`qsnxig wsfjrqlfjwfwmnj wibejmvyir efxi wn ci fgnqwig hns wemr qysqnri* Mw `f} ciqnmjwig nyw wefw hsymw qlfjwr cibn`i qis`fjijw rnysbi nh mjbn`i hns wei hfs`isr hsn``fsdmjfl lfjgr* Rm`mlfsl}, hnsirw qlfjwr fjg cyreir `f} flrn ci qis`fjijw rnysbi nh
hnggis, hyil, wm`cis fjg refgi* Weiri bfj flrn csmjd ly`q ry` mjbn`i hns wei hfs`isr*
Lfjg qsiqfsfwmnj fjg wsfjrqlfjwfwmnj nh qlfjwr;
Wei lixillmjd nh lfjg mr f qsi sivymrmwi* Mh wei rnml mr blf}i} ns efr efsg lf}is, giiqqlnydemjd, bemrilmjd ns smqqmjd, njl} mj wei qlfjwmjd lmjir tmll ci jiigig* Bylwmxfwmnj nhwei tenli hmilg tmll flrn ci sivymsig wn si`nxi wei tiigr fjg oiiq wei hmilg blifj, rnwefw qlfjwr `f} jnw ryhhis hsn` gmrifrir fjg qirw fwwfbo* Wei befjjilr nh =1 b` giiqfjg 81 b` tmgwe fsi `fgi* Wei qmwr nh 81 b` lnjd, 81 b` tmgi fjg 81 b` giiq fsi gydnj wei renylgisr nh befjjil fw wei gmrwfjbi wefw tmll giqijg yqnj wei qlfjw mwrilh* Weiqmwr fsi hmllig tmwe `muwysi nh rmlw / d}qry` ns rmlw / bn`qnrw ns rmlw / hfs`}fsg `fjysimj 31;6 sfwmn* Wei qlfjwr fsi wsfjrqlfjwig mj weiri qmwr* Wei qlfrwmb cfdr fsnyjg weirfqlmjdr fsi si`nxig ns byw hsn` wei cfri* Rycrivyijw mssmdfwmnj mr qsnxmgig wesnydewei befjjilr*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
12/14
Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 63 nh 67
YRymwfcli qlfjwr Y;
Wei rflw wnlisfjw hsymw qlfjwr nh ibnjn`mb m`qnswfjbi fsi gfwi qfl`, dyfxf fjg Kf`mj temli cyreir fjg hnsirw qlfjwr fsi Girm Omofs, Fyrwsflmfj Omofs % Fbfbmff`qlmbiqr -, Jii` fjg Mqml Mqml*
YBylwysfl qsfbwmbir, mssmdfwmnj fjg hiswmlm{is;
Wei hmilgr renylg ci oiqw blifj c} hsivyijw qlnydemjd* Qlfjwr renylg ci mssmdfwiggiqijgmjd yqnj wei rifrnj, jfwysi nh qlfjwr fjg rwfdi nh dsntwe* Jns`fll}, tiiol}mssmdfwmnj mj ifsl} rwfdi fjg hnswjmdewl} nj lfwis rwfdir gysmjd ry``is rifrnj fjg fhwis3 2 tiior gysmjd wei tmjwis rifrnj mr sibn``ijgig* Hiswmlm{is renylg ci fqqlmig wtmbif }ifs gysmjd Hicsyfs} @fsbe fjg Riqwi`cis Nbwncis* Wei sibn``ijgig gnri mr njiOd nh Ysif .qlfjw mj wtn rqlmwr gysmjd ifsl} rwfdir* Qenrqensyr fjg qnwfrrmy`
fggmwmnjr renylg ci rwfswig teij wei qlfjwr sifbe wei fdi nh wtn }ifsr*
YRntmjd nh bsnqr tmwemj wei qlfjw lmjir;
Bsnqr bfj flrn ci dsntj tmwemj qlfjw lmjir hns mjmwmfl wtn }ifsr rn wefw weihfs`isr bfj diw rn`i mjbn`i yjwml wei qlfjwr fsi dsntj yq* Wei qsngybwmnj wibejnlnd}flsifg} girbsmcig mj giwfml mj qsixmnyr qfdir hns rlmdewl} wn `ngisfwil} rflw fhhibwiglfjgr bfj ci yrig hns wei qysqnri*
9* DSNTMJD IYBFL]QWYR QLFJWR MJ TFWIS LNDDIGLFJGR
Tfwis lnddig lfjgr fsi efxmjd emde tfwis wfcli wefw bfj ci f cmd bnjrwsfmjw hnsdsntmjd nh jns`fl bsnqr* Iybfl}qwyr qlfjwr bfj rybbirrhyll} ci dsntj nj rybe lfjgrtembe bfj jnw njl} lntis wei tfwis wfcli cyw bfj flrn csmjd rn`i mjbn`i wn wei ntjisrnh weiri lfjgr*
YLfjg qsiqfsfwmnj, bylwysfl qsfbwmbir fjg wsfjrqlfjwfwmnj;
Lfjg lixilmjd, bylwysfl qsfbwmbir fjg hiswmlm{is fqqlmbfwmnj tmll ci wei rf`i frefxi flsifg} ciij girbsmcig yjgis wei qsixmnyr wnqmb, Dsntmjd nh hnsirw fjg hsymwqlfjwr*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
13/14
Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 62 nh 67
8* DSNTMJD NH DSFRRIR FJG HNGGISR MJ RLMDEWL] WN@NGISFWIL] RFLW FHHIBWIG LFJGR*
Rflw fhhibwig rnmlr tmwe rlmdew wn `ngisfwi rflmjmw} bfj flrn ci csnydew yjgis
qsngybwmnj nh fjjyfl fjg qisijjmfl hnggisr %cyreir fjg dsfrrir-* Hnggisr lmoi OfllfsDsfrr, Mqml Mqml, Cfsli}, Nfwr, Cisrii`, Lybisj, Rnsdey` fjg Qifsl @mlliwr bfj cirybbirrhyl nj rybe lfjgr* Wei lfjg renylg ci lixillig fjg wei hmilg cnyjgfsmir renylgci rwsijdweijig* Wtn wn wesii wnjr.fbsi %71 81 cfdr- nh d}qry` renylg ci fqqlmig fjg`muig ns 7 8 wnjir nh H]@.qsirr `yg renylg ci fggig fjg till `muig mj wei rnml*Riig cig qsiqfsfwmnj, bylwysfl qsfbwmbir, mssmdfwmnjr fjg hiswmlm{is fqqlmbfwmnj tmllsi`fmj wei rf`i fr girbsmcig yjgis mjwisxijwmnj Jn*6*
4* HMRE HFS@MJD;
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YQsiqfsfwmnj nh hmre qnjg fjg silfwig nqisfwmnj
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renylg flrn ci dnw wirwig* Mh mw mr wnn rngmb %emde RFS ns SRB- mw tmll jnw ci hmw hns qnjg cibfyri `nrw nhwij wyscmgmw} qsncli` mj tfwis nh wei wfjo fsmrir* Wei wtn hiiwtfwis giqwe efr wn ci oiqw blifs hsn` ryrqijgig rnml hns lmdew qijiwsfwmnj fjg jns`flhmre dsntwe* Wemr qsncli` bfj ci `fjfdig c} fqqlmbfwmnj nh 31 21 cfdr hns wfjo nh njifbsi* Mw `yrw ci si`i`cisig wefw mjrwifg nh Ysif, f``njmy` rylqefwi `yrw cifqqlmig* Rm`mlfsl}, GFQ `yrw jnw ci fggig cyw mjrwifg rmjdli ryqis qenrqefwi %RRQ- nswsmqli ryqis qenrqefwi %WRQ- ns `njn f``njmy` qenrqefwi %@FQ- ci fggig*Rm`mlfsl}, lm`i renylg jnw ci fggig fw fj} bnrw cyw d}qry` renylg ci yrig fr flwisjfwirnysbi nh Bf wefw tmll flrn bnjwsnl rngmbmw}.wyscmgmw} qsncli`* Ysif, GFQ fjg lm`imjbsifrir wei qE nh wei tfwis wfjo, tembe mr wei `nrw giwsm`ijwfl hns lmxmjd fjg dsntwe
nh hmre* Wei mgifl qE renylg si`fmj ciwtiij 8*9 4*9* Till gibn`qnrig hfs`}fsg`fjysi `f} ci fggig hns rnysbi nh ijisd} fjg nsdfjmb bfscnj yjwml qlfjwr dsnttmwemj wei wfjo*
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8/14/2019 INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATION/MANAGEMENT OF SALT AFFECTED SOILS
14/14
Eyrrmfj* J fjg R* @* @iegm =.68.3114 Qfdi 67 nh 67
Y Tf}r wn Bnjwfbw;
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WRnml Rflmjmw} Sirifsbe Mjrwmwywi,
WQmjgm Cefwwmfj Efhm{fcfg 93651 %Qyjkfc- Qfomrwfj
WQe; 12165899759, /=3 974 926942, /=3 974 926248
WHfu; /=3 974 926948
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