1. 1. Shes married. Shes married? Shes married. Shes married?
2. 2. INTONATION Intonation describes how the voice rises and falls in speech.
3. 3. TONE UNITS The part of a sentence over which a particular pattern extends is called a tone group.(OR tone unit, intonation group, intonation unit,etc.), each tone unit carries one change of tone. A short sentence often forms a single tone group, while longer ones are made up of two or more.
4. 4. Structure of Tone units (PH) (H) TS (T) TS: tonic syllable (nucleus) PH: Pre-head H: Head T: tail
5. 5. Tone unit example Its just after midnight. TS: tonic syllable (nucleus): carries the tone (compulsory) PH: Pre-head: unstressed syllables before the first stressed syllable. H: Head: from the first stressed syllalbe up to (but not including) the tonic syllable T: tail: any syllables following the tonic syllable
6. 6. Tone unit example Its just after midnight. Tonic syllble Carries the tone headPre-head tail
7. 7. Tonic syllable The most usual place for the nucleus is on the final stressed syllable in the TU Perhaps it was the middle of January. But the nucleus can move around according to context. Perhaps it was the middle of January. Perhaps it was the middle of January. Perhaps it was the middle of January
8. 8. practice Mark the tone units `Take it. `Johns coming. `Susans knocking at the door. It was im`possible. They were in a terrible `mess. There were too many `people there.
9. 9. THE BASIC ENGLISH TUNES The falling tune The glide down The first rising tune The glide up The second rising tune The take off The falling rising tune The dive
10. 10. THE FALLING TUNE THE GLIDE DOWN a fall in voice from a fairly high pitch to a very low one If there is one important word: On a single syllable, the voice falls within the syllable. On more than one syllable: the voice either falls within the stressed syllable or jumps down from that syllable to the next Unstressed syllables at the end are all very low.
11. 11. If there are other words following the falls, they may still have stress, but they are still said on that very low pitch just like the unstressed syllable. THE GLIDE DOWN
12. 12. THE GLIDE DOWN High head
13. 13. Low head any stressed syllable near the beginning which belongs to a word which is not important is said on that rather low pitch.
14. 14. THE GLIDE DOWN If there are any unstressed syllables before the stressed syllable of the first important word, these are all said on a rather low pitch.
15. 15. THE GLIDE DOWN- PRACTICE `wonderful Johns coming `Susans knocking at the door Seventy `five It was im`possible They were in a terrible `mess Why did you tell him he was `wrong?
16. 16. THE GLIDE DOWN Statements which are complete and definite Wh-questions to sound more businesslike, interested in the subject
17. 17. THE GLIDE DOWN Yes/No questions used as responses Tag questions : to force the other person to agree with you
18. 18. THE GLIDE DOWN Strong commands Strong exclamations
19. 19. Glide down Listen and mark the tune I could have cried. Ill see you on Thursday night. Its just after midnight There were too many people there It wasnt half as difficult as I thought it would be. You can phone me at any time of the day or night. I waited almost twenty-five minutes for the wretched man.
20. 20. THE FIST RISING TUNE THE GLIDE UP The glide up is the intonation pattern consisting of a rise at the end of a sentence but the tune starts at a high pitch. Just like the Glide down except that it ends with a rise in the voice instead of a fall. The stresses syllable of the last important word is low
21. 21. THE GLIDE UP Rise on one syllable
22. 22. THE GLIDE UP
23. 23. THE GLIDE UP-PRACTICE
24. 24. THE GLIDE UP
25. 25. THE GLIDE UP
26. 26. The glide up Listen and mark the tune Hes perfectly capable of looking after himself. I told him I was very pleased to see him. I shant be any later than I usually am Did you say it was your twentieth birthday today? Could I borrow this book for a day or two? Would you mind if I brought my mother-in-law to see you?
27. 27. THE SECOND RISING TUNE THE TAKE OFF The take off is the intonation pattern that ends with a rise in the voice like the Glide up but any words or syllables before the rise are low.
28. 28. The take-off The rise starts at the stressed syllable of the last important word. The rise may take place on one syllable, or spread over several syllables. Before the rise any stressed syllables are said on the same low pitch as the beginning of the rise
29. 29. THE TAKE OFF
30. 30. THE TAKE OFF
31. 31. THE TAKE OFF You like it You enjoyed it You were enjoying it I didnt hurt you No-ones stopping you It was perfectly understandable I wasnt expecting him at six oclock in the morning I didnt think hes mind me borrowing it for a while You shouldnt have given him all that money, you silly boy
32. 32. THE TAKE OFF
33. 33. THE FALLING-RISING TUNE THE DIVE The dive is the intonation pattern consisting of a fall from a rather high pitch to a low one and then a rise to about the middle of the voice.
34. 34. THE DIVE The fall-rise is connected with the stressed syllable of the last important word. If that syllable is final in the group, the fall-rise is completed on the syllable. If there is one or several syllables following, the fall-rise are separated (the fall is on the stressed syllable of the last important word & the rise on the last syllable of all)
35. 35. THE DIVE Words or syllables before the fall are said in the same way as for the Glide-down & Glide-up.
36. 36. THE DIVE
37. 37. The Dive
38. 38. The Dive
39. 39. THE DIVE I couldnt help it Someones got to do it Mary would probably tell you John came home today Several people have told me they thought it looked pretty Dont worry Dont be late You mustnt lose it You can have it for a couple of days Try not to break that I went up to London by car today John told me he was going on holiday next week I hear theres been a great deal of trouble about that
40. 40. THE DIVE