intramuscular injections. goal: -after giving this review session student/co-worker will be able to...
TRANSCRIPT
Goal: -After giving this review session student/co-worker
will be able to confidently administer an intramuscular injection, know sites used for injections, and demonstrate different techniques of giving an intramuscular injection.
-Perform giving IM injections. -Demonstrate correct technique for giving IM
injections. -Identify equipment used for giving IM injections. -Demonstrate and explain: Z track method and
Air lock technique. -Demonstrate correct disposal of used needle. -Explain and be able to identify how the patient
tolerated the IM injection.
-In this session learner will be educated in IM injections- -Where to give an IM injection. -Technique for giving IM
injection -Demonstrate different
method for giving an IM injection.
-Equipment needed to perform an IM injection.
-Equipment needed to perform an IM injection-
-Syringe 1-2 inches in length. -Medication to be
administered. -Gloves -Band-Aid -Alcohol swab -Patient -Muscle where medication
will be administered
-Choosing the site to administer medication-
-There are several different sites an IM injection can be given.-Site determination-
-Stage of patients development.
-Body build -Physical condition -Amount of the medication to
be given
-Sites-
Mid Deltoid- common site, upper arm, 3 fingers width.
Dorsalgluteal- look out for sciatic nerve, given in the butt.
Rectus femoris- right on top of the thigh.
Ventrolgluteal- side of the butt, or on the hip.
Vastis lateralis- outer thigh, in the middle.
Mid Deltoid- -Is on the upper arm. - Take 3 fingers and place
them at the top of the shoulder. -At the end of the third finger
in the middle of the muscle is where the injection can be made.
Dorsalgluteal-
-Injection is in the butt. -Watch out for the sciatic nerve. -Have patient stand or lay face down
with toes pointing inward. (relaxes muscle) -Divide the buttocks into 4 quadrants; give
the injection in the outer, upper quadrant toward the hip.
-DO NOT give to children who are not walking yet. (Muscles are not developed enough)
-
Ventrogluteal- -Good for adults and small children. - Find the upper part of the hip. -Place palm on hip (greater
trochater), with fingers point to the ground, and make a very large “V” with your pointer finger and middle finger.
-In the middle of the “V” is where the injection can be done.
Rectus Femoris -On the anterior thigh, above
the knee. -Used mostly by people who
have to get themselves injections.
-This is painful, because the muscles in the anterior thigh
are tense when given.
Vastus Lateralis- -Most preferred site. -Given to children under 5
years of age. - Patient should be sitting when
this injection is to be given. -On the outer thigh about half
way between the knee and the hip.
-Technique of Giving an Intramuscular Injection-
-Check the 5 rights of medication administration.
-Choose the site the IM injection. -Check the patient for any allergies. -Gather you supplies needed to perform
IM injection. -Wash your hands. -Put on gloves. -Open alcohol swab and in a circular
motion, clean area in a 2 inch diameter at the site of the intended IM injection.
-Let fully dry.
Continued…
-Pull skin around the clean site taut. - take needle in dominate hand between the thumb
and the index finger. - At a 90 degree angle, plunge the needle into the
skin in a dart like motion. -Depending on the site and the condition of the
patient, determine how far the needle is going to have to go into the skin to be in the muscle.
-Stabilize the needle with the non dominate hand. -Use dominate hand to pull back on the plunger
and aspirate or blood. (If there is blood aspirated back into the needle, remove and dispose in a sharps container. start from the beginning.)
-Push the medication at a slow and steady pace. Remember to hold the needle as steady as possible.
Continued..
To take the needle out, quickly pull up at a 90 degree angle.
-Make sure to cover the needle immediately after withdrawing it from the skin.
-Apply some pressure at the site with the alcohol swab that was used to clean the site.
-Message the site to help disperse the medication that was just given.
-Cover site with Band-Aid. -Dispose of needle into a sharps container. -Throw away gloves and wash hands. -Observe the patient for signs of any allergic
reaction, N&V, or any other adverse reactions that may go along with the medication.
- Always remember to document.
-Different Methods of Giving IM injections- -Just giving IM injection and
massaging site- - Z track - Air lock
Just giving IM injections and messaging site- -Just dose of medication
given. -Message site after to help
disperse medication in to the muscle.
Z track method-
-Used for medications that can cause irritation, can be used for all IM medications.
-Pull skin at the site to the side.- Still give the injection at 90 degree
angle.-When shin is let go and needle
removed the needle track is cut off and the medication can not leak out.
-This will decrease irritation and bruising of the skin.
Air lock Technique-
-Medication is drawn up.-0.2mL of air can be added to the
medication.-This will ensure that all the medication
has been pushed though the needle.- Still given at a 90 degree angle. -Make sure medication is given first and
the air lock second.-Seals needle track so medication will not
go into the subquncaneaus tissue, which can cause pain, soreness and bruising.
Review-
-Always remember 5 rights of medication administration.
-Right dose -Right patient -Right time -Right route -Right medication -Choosing an IM Injection site that works best for your
patient. (Ex: Infants can not have injections in the dorsal
gluteal (butt), In determining a site take into account the patients body build, try to avoid flabby tissue.)
-Different techniques of giving an IM injection: Z track, Air lock.