introducing applied ludology: hands-on methods for game design research

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introducing applied ludology hands-on methods for game design research Aki Järvinen www.gameswithoutfrontiers.net

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My presentation in the international conference of the Digital Games Research Association in Tokyo, September 27th 2007. This talk outlines the results of my Ph.D. project, 1998-2007.

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Page 1: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

i n t r o d u c i n g a p p l i e d l u d o l o g y

h a n d s - o n m e t h o d s f o r g a m e d e s i g n r e s e a r c h

A k i J ä r v i n e n

w w w . g a m e s w i t h o u t f r o n t i e r s . n e t

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m a n u s c r i p t

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l u d o l o g y i s n o m e t h o d

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a b u n d a n c e o f d e s c r i p t i v e n e s s

Page 5: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

n e e d f o r s y s t e m a t i c s

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n e e d f o r c o m m e n s u r a b i l i t y

Page 7: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

c a l l f o r p r a c t i c a l , c o n c r e t e a p p l i c a t i o n o f l u d o l o g i c a l

c o n c e p t s

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‘ l u d o - p s y c h o l o g y ’

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u n i f y i n g t h e o r y

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s o l u t i o n s i n g a m e s w i t h o u t f r o n t i e r s

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t y p o l o g i e s , c a t e g o r i e s , t e m p l a t e s

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‘ r a p i d a n a l y s i s m e t h o d s ’

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g a m e d e s i g n r e s e a r c h

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f o r s t u d e n t s & t e a c h e r s

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g a m e a n a l y s i s b o o t c a m p

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‘ 1 0 0 + g a m e s

p r o j e c t ’

Page 17: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

A s t e r o i d sD o o mP a i n t b a l lS o c c e rI c e H o c k e yB a s k e t b a l lI c e S k a t i n gT a b l e t o p R P G sTe x a s H o l d ' e m P o k e rC a r c a s s o n n eG oJ i g s a w p u z z l e sTe t r i sB o t f i g h t e r sL o t t oL e g e n d o f Z e l d a s e r i e sS S XTe k k e n s e r i e sC i v i l i z a t i o nT i c k e t t o R i d eD a V i n c i C o d eR i c o c h e t R o b o tM o n o p o l yS n a k e s & L a d d e r sP a c - M a nP o n gT i c - T a c - To eT r i v i a l P u r s u i tP i c t i o n a r yA l i a sC h e s sU n oS o l i t a i r e ( W i n d o w s )

T a gS p a c e I n v a d e r sD a n c e D a n c e R e v o l u t i o nA n i m a l C r o s s i n gT h e S i m sM S F l i g h t S i m u l a t o rT r a c k & F i e l dR o u l e t t eS l o t m a c h i n eR u s h H o u r1 4 / 1 5 P u z z l eR u b i k ' s C u b eH e xM y s tI C OZ o r kF i n a l F a n t a s y s e r i e sB i l l i a r d sB o x i n gB a c k g a m m o nF a n t a s y l e a g u e sC o n n e c t - 4S c r a b b l eF o x & G e e s eL o r d o f t h e R i n g s : B o a r d g a m eD r a u g h t s / C h e c k e r sR i s kS t a r c r a f tC r i b b a g eD o m i n o e s

R u m m y g a m e s : G i n , C a n a s t aM a g i c t h e G a t h e r i n gM a s t e r m i n dF r e q u e n c yW o r l d o f W a r c r a f tM o d e r n A r tB r i d g e ( C o n t r a c t B r i d g e )S i m C i t yM i s s i l e C o m m a n dF a l l O u tR e zS i l e n t H i l lC h u - C h u R o c k e tB o m b e r m a nH a l f - l i f eG r a n d T h e f t A u t o I I IS c r a t c h t i c k e tM a n g a M a n g a !B e j e w e l e d , Z o o K e e p e rB r e a k o u tA r k a n o i dS k e e tS u p e r M o n k e y B a l lTu g o f W a rS u d o k uN i a g a r aZ u m aM u s i c a l C h a i r sY e n g a

C r o q u e tB l a c k J a c kP e t a n q u eD i n e r D a s hN i n t e n d o g sB o w l i n gH a l oH u n d r e d m e t e r s p r i n tD e a l o r N o D e a lW h o W a n t s t o b e a M i l l i o n a i r eS i n g s t a rM a n c a l aD a r t sM a r i o K a r tR o c k P a p e r S c i s s o r sP o k e m o nL o s t C i t i e sM a x P a y n eP u z z l e B o b b l eW e r e w o l f / M a f i aL a b y r i n t h W o o d e n M a z eQ i xL o o pTw i s t e rH o p s c o t c hB i n g oB o n n i e ' s B o o k s t o r eS n a k eF l o w

Page 18: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

g a m e e l e m e n t s

c o m p o n e n t se n v i r o n m e n ti n f o r m a t i o n

t h e m eg a m e m e c h a n i c s

r u l e s e tp l a y e r s

c o n t e x t s

Page 19: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

t h e o r y o f p l a y e r e x p e r i e n c e

Page 20: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

m o o d s , e m o t i o n s , p l e a s u r e s , e n j o y m e n t , p r e t e n s e

Page 21: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

e m o t i o n s a s v a l e n c e d r e a c t i o n s t o e v e n t s , a g e n t s ,

o r o b j e c t s

Page 22: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

a d a p t i n g t h e O C C m o d e l

Page 23: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

s e l f / o t h e r / s y s t e m

Page 24: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research
Page 25: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

k e y c o n c e p t s

Page 26: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

p s y c h o l o g y o f g o a l s

Page 27: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

t h e r o a d t o a t t a i n i n g g o a l s i s b e s e t b y e m o t i o n s

Page 28: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

A c c o m p l i s hA c c u m u l a t eA l i g n m e n tC a p t u r eC o l l e c t i o nC o n c e a lC o n f i g u r a t i o nC o n n e c t i o nC o n t a c tD e l i v e r yD i s c a r dE l i m i n a t eE n c l o s u r eE v a d eE x p l o r a t i o nG a i n C o m p e t e n c e

G a i n I n f o r m a t i o nG a i n O w n e r s h i pG u a r dH e r dK i n g o f t h e H i l lL a s t M a n S t a n d i n gM a t c hN u r t u r eO u t p l a yO v e r c o m eR a c eR e c o n n a i s s a n c eR e s c u eS t e a l t hS u r v i v eTr a v e r s e

Page 29: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

g a m e m e c h a n i c s a s v e r b s

Page 30: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

A c c e l e r a t i n g / D e c e l e r a t i n gA i m i n g & S h o o t i n gA l l o c a t i n g A r r a n g i n gA t t a c k i n g / D e f e n d i n gB i d d i n gB r o w s i n gB u i l d i n gB u y i n g / S e l l i n gC a t c h i n gC h o o s i n gC o m p o s i n gC o n q u e r i n gC o n t r a c t i n gC o n t r o l l i n gC o n v e r s i n gD i s c a r d i n gE n c l o s i n gE x p r e s s i n gH e r d i n g

I n f o r m a t i o n - s e e k i n gJ u m p i n gM a n o e u v r i n gM o t i o nM o v i n gO p e r a t i n gP e r f o r m i n gP l a c i n gP o i n t - t o - p o i n t M o v e m e n tP o w e r i n gS e q u e n c i n gS p r i n t i n g / S l o w i n g S t o r y t e l l i n gS u b m i t t i n gS u b s t i t u t i n gTa k i n gTr a d i n gTr a n s f o r m i n gU p g r a d i n g / D o w n g r a d i n gV o t i n g

Page 31: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

c o g n i t i v e , p h y s i c a l & p s y c h o m o t o r a b i l i t i e s

Page 32: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

L a n g u a g e d e v e l o p m e n tV e r b a l ( P r i n t e d ) l a n g u a g e c o m p r e h e n s i o nL e x i c a l k n o w l e d g eR e a d i n g c o m p r e h e n s i o nS p e c i a l R e a d i n g c o m p r e h e n s i o nR e a d i n g D e c o d i n gR e a d i n g S p e e dC l o z e a b i l i t yS p e l l i n g a b i l i t yF o r e i g n L a n g u a g e P r o f i e n c yP h o n e t i c C o d i n gG r a m m a t i c a l S e n s i t i v i t yF o r e i g n L a n g u a g e A p t i t u d eC o m m u n i c a t i o n a b i l i t yL i s t e n i n g A b i l i t y / C o m p r e h e n s i o nO r a l P r o d u c t i o nO r a l S t y l eW r i t i n g A b i l i t yS e q u e n t i a l R e a s o n i n g

I n d u c t i o nQ u a n t i t a t i v e R e a s o n i n gM e m o r y S p a nA s s o c i a t i v e M e m o r yM e a n i n g f u l M e m o r yV i s u a l M e m o r yV i s u a l i z a t i o nS p a t i a l R e a s o n i n gC l o s u r e S p e e dC l o s u r e f l e x i b i l i t yP e r c e p t u a l S p e e dH e a r i n g A c u i t yH e a r i n g A c u i t y ( p h o n e m i c )S p e e c h S y n t h e s i sS p e e c h S o u n d D i s c r i m i n a t i o nG e n e r a l S o u n d D i s c r i m i n a t i o nS o u n d F r e q u e n c y D i s c r i m i n a t i o nS o u n d I n t e n s i t y /D u r a t i o n D i s c r i m i n a t i o nM u s i c a l s e n s i t i v i t yR e s i s t a n c e t o S t i m u l u s D i s t o r t i o nTe m p o r a l Tr a c k i n g

I d e a t i o n a l F l u e n c yN a m i n g F a c i l i t yA s s o c i a t i o n a l F l u e n c yE x p r e s s i o n a l F l u e n c yW o r d F l u e n c yS e n s i t i v i t y t o P r o b l e m sO r i g i n a l i t y / C r e a t i v i t yF i g u r a l F l u e n c yF i g u r a l F l e x i b i l i t yS e n s o r y A b i l i t yA b i l i t y t o a t t e n dC o g n i t i v e S t y l eS t a t i c s t r e n g t hG r o s s b o d y E q u i l i b r i u mC h o i c e R e a c t i o n T i m eR e a c t i o n T i m eS p e e d o f L i m b M o v e m e n tW r i s t - f i n g e r S p e e dM u l t i l i m b c o o r d i n a t i o nF i n g e r D e x t e r i t yM a n u a l D e x t e r i t y

Page 33: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

p l a y e r a b i l i t y s e t s

Page 34: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

m o d e l o f g a m e p l a y d y n a m i c s

Page 35: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

a n a l y s i s m e t h o d s

Page 36: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

E x a m p l e :i d e n t i f y i n g e l i c i t i n g c o n d i t i o n s f o r s u s p e n s e

Page 37: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

s u s p e n s e a s a c o m p o u n d e m o t i o n o f h o p e + f e a r + u n c e r t a i n t y

Page 38: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research
Page 39: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

m o d e l o f s u s p e n s e e l i c i t a t i o n i n g a m e s

Page 40: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

n e x t s t e p : o n l i n e a n a l y s i s t o o l s

Page 41: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

i n f i n i t e o n l i n e d a t a b a s e

Page 42: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

a t e a c h i n g a i d e

Page 43: Introducing Applied Ludology: Hands-on Methods for Game Design Research

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h t t p : / / w w w . g a m e s w i t h o u t f r o n t i e r s . n e t

h t t p : / / w w w . s l i d e s h a r e . n e t /g a m e s w i t h o u t f r o n t i e r s