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Page 1 of 14 Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel ESST 2002 Maastricht, NL The History of Nylon Presentation on the development of man made fibres especially nylon 6-6 Presentation by Güneş TAVMEN & Stefan SCHINZEL Introduction

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Introduction. The History of Nylon Presentation on the development of man made fibres especially nylon 6-6 Presentation by Güne ş TAVMEN & Stefan SCHINZEL. Table of Contents. Contents : Introduction Reflections of the Nylon 6-6 History Outcome Conclusion Questions & Discussion. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Introduction

Page 1 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

The History of Nylon

Presentation on the development of man made

fibres especially nylon 6-6

Presentation by Güneş TAVMEN & Stefan SCHINZEL

Introduction

Page 2: Introduction

Page 2 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

Table of Contents

Contents:

1. Introduction

2. Reflections of the Nylon 6-6 History

3. Outcome

4. Conclusion

5. Questions & Discussion

Page 3: Introduction

Page 3 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

1 Research Questions

Research questions:

Do documents on history shape the perceptions of certain

subjects?

Can history be seen from an objective perspective ?

Is there a general objective perspective at all ?

Page 4: Introduction

Page 4 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

1.1 Why Nylon 6-6 ?

Why Nylon 6-6 (Polyamide 6-6) ?

A black box embodied in our lives

Wide influence on society

Change of relation between lab and commercial industry

More recent innovation

very well documented

Page 5: Introduction

Page 5 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

1.2 Utilization of Nylon 6-6

The utilization of Nylon 6-6:

Textile industry (“wash and wear”)

Musical instruments

Toothbrush

Carpets

Outdoor clothing (inc. tents, backpacks etc)

Tires, etc…

Page 6: Introduction

Page 6 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

1.3 Properties of Nylon 6-6

Chemical & mechanical properties of Nylon 6-6:

High tensile strength (stretchable without deformation)

Excellent chemical resistance

High mechanical strength and heat resistance

Easy to process

Can be dyed easily

Page 7: Introduction

Page 7 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

2 Methodology

Methodology:

Brief introduction to the three different views on history:

The inventor (W. Carothers)

The company where he conducted the research in his

lab (Du Pont)

The global perspective

Page 8: Introduction

Page 8 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

2.1 History 1

Wallace H. Carothers (1896-1938)

Genius chemist, several degrees

Conducted research at industrial company (Du Pont)

Conducted research to find a molecule as large as possible

In the beginning he was free to chose his topic, later on he was oriented by Du Pont

His colleague realized that nylon could be drawn into fibre (1934)

Suffered from depression and committed suicide

Science and Corporate Strategy – Du Pont R&D (1992)Polymers – The Origins & Growth of a Science (1995)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology http://www.mit.edu (2002)

Page 9: Introduction

Page 9 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

2.2 History 2

Du Pont (established 1802) Wanted to have a research lab as their “commitment to

scientific discovery as the key to future success”

Lured away Carothers from Harvard university

Carothers was free to “do pure basic research”

Du Pont wanted to develop a synthetic fibre that could replace silk

Nylon invented by Carothers in 1935

In 1938, public announcement of nylon as “the first man-made organic textile fabric prepared entirely from new materials from the mineral kingdom”

Du Pont Corporate Information http://www.dupont.com (2002)Du Pont History Archive http://www.heritage.dupont.com (2002)

Page 10: Introduction

Page 10 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

2.3 History 3

The Global View Despite the Great Depression, Carothers’ Lab´s funding

was never reduced

By 1931 silk was getting expensive and harder to find due to political and trade troubles with Japan

Du Pont was urged by the US government to make Nylon a reality as quick as possible

Nylon was a potential as a vital war material

During war Nylon replaced Asian silk and supplanted cotton

Inventing Polymer Science (1998)Science and Corporate Strategy – Du Pont R&D (1992)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology http://www.mit.edu (2002)Information pool on the development of Chemistry http://www.chemheritage.org (2002)

Page 11: Introduction

Page 11 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

3.1 Outcome - Diagram I

Du Pont

The Lab

Government

Politics

Economic Issues

War

Great Depression

Page 12: Introduction

Page 12 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

3.2 Outcome - Diagram II

Du Pont

The Lab

Obligations

Funding

ProductionTechnology

Ready madescience

Carothers

Chemists

Technicians

Instruments

Page 13: Introduction

Page 13 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

4 Conclusion

Conclusion:

Documents on history do shape the perceptions on subject:

Depending on the material used, it will lead (more or less) to a certain perception

Focused on a certain belief, proof in documents on history can always be found

By the usage of as various sources as possible, a perspective close to objectivity can be achieved …

BUT an ultimate objectivity can never be achieved as it will always depend on people’s (author’s, researcher’s,…) interpretations

Page 14: Introduction

Page 14 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

4.1 Additional Remarks

Additional Remarks: Esp. for Du Pont their advertisement had great impact

Big impact of nylon on society (e.g..women started to shave their legs)

Interesting further development of Nylon & Du Pont

Page 15: Introduction

Page 15 of 14Presentation by G. Tavmen & S. Schinzel

ESST 2002Maastricht, NL

5 Questions & Discussion

Thank you for your attention!

- Any Questions?

- Time for Discussion!!!


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