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INTRODUCTION: INTRODUCTION: “ “ The Key The Key Fundamentals of Fundamentals of Music” Music” Mrs. Gafford Mrs. Gafford High School , Spring 2012 High School , Spring 2012

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INTRODUCTION:. “ The Key Fundamentals of Music” Mrs. Gafford High School , Spring 2012. KEY POINTS. Basic Music Notes Basic Music Terminology and Terms Reading Basic Music Notes on a Scale Singing Basic Musical Notes on a Scale Introduction to Sight Reading - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: INTRODUCTION:

INTRODUCTION:INTRODUCTION:

““The Key The Key Fundamentals of Fundamentals of

Music”Music”Mrs. GaffordMrs. Gafford

High School , Spring 2012High School , Spring 2012

Page 2: INTRODUCTION:

KEY POINTSKEY POINTSBasic Music NotesBasic Music NotesBasic Music Terminology and TermsBasic Music Terminology and TermsReading Basic Music Notes on a ScaleReading Basic Music Notes on a ScaleSinging Basic Musical Notes on a ScaleSinging Basic Musical Notes on a Scale Introduction to Sight ReadingIntroduction to Sight Reading Introduction of Musical Styles and Introduction of Musical Styles and

PeriodsPeriods

Page 3: INTRODUCTION:

Basic Music NotesBasic Music Notes

To understand how to read music , one must To understand how to read music , one must know the very basics about clefs and the know the very basics about clefs and the actual notes………actual notes………

ACTUAL NOTES ON A STAFF: A, B, C, D, E, F, ACTUAL NOTES ON A STAFF: A, B, C, D, E, F, GG

http://www.piano-lessons-info.com/piano-notes-chart.html

Page 4: INTRODUCTION:

The Treble ClefThe Treble ClefEasy Way to Remember the Lines Easy Way to Remember the Lines

on the Treble Clef: on the Treble Clef: EEvery very GGood ood BBoy oy DDoes oes FFineine

Easy Way to Remember the Easy Way to Remember the Spaces: Spaces: FACEFACE

Treble Clef Spaces Treble Treble Clef Spaces Treble Clef LinesClef Lines

Page 5: INTRODUCTION:

The Bass ClefThe Bass Clef

Easy Way to Remember Lines on the Easy Way to Remember Lines on the Bass Clef: Bass Clef: GGood ood BBoy oy DDoes oes FFine ine AAlwayslways

Easy Way to Remember Spaces: Easy Way to Remember Spaces: AAll ll CCows ows EEat at GGrassrass

Bass Clef LinesBass Clef Lines Bass Clef Bass Clef SpacesSpaces

Page 6: INTRODUCTION:

Music TerminologyMusic TerminologyBasic/Beginners Music Terminology that YOU need to know:Basic/Beginners Music Terminology that YOU need to know:

Accelerando – getting faster as the section of the piece marked Accelerando – getting faster as the section of the piece marked goes on.goes on.Adagio – played very slowlyAdagio – played very slowlyAllegro – played at a fast tempo and with a cheerful moodAllegro – played at a fast tempo and with a cheerful moodAndante – played moderately slowlyAndante – played moderately slowlyA tempo – go back to the original tempoA tempo – go back to the original tempoBeat – the basic unit of time in music, it is a regular tap of the Beat – the basic unit of time in music, it is a regular tap of the foot, for examplefoot, for exampleChord – when you play three or more notes together all at onceChord – when you play three or more notes together all at onceCoda – an ending that is different that previous verses in the Coda – an ending that is different that previous verses in the musical piecemusical pieceCrescendo – getting louder and louder through a marked passageCrescendo – getting louder and louder through a marked passageDiminuendo – getting softer and softer through a marked passageDiminuendo – getting softer and softer through a marked passageDolce – sweetlyDolce – sweetlyEnsemble – a musical group, it could be anything from a band to a Ensemble – a musical group, it could be anything from a band to a classical groupclassical groupForte – means to play the piece loudly, forcefullyForte – means to play the piece loudly, forcefully

Page 7: INTRODUCTION:

Music Terminology (cont.)Music Terminology (cont.)Fortissimo – play the piece very loudlyFortissimo – play the piece very loudlyGenre – the category of music (or any other artwork), rock and blues are Genre – the category of music (or any other artwork), rock and blues are examplesexamplesGlissando – playing down the keyboard rapidly, usually by sliding thumb Glissando – playing down the keyboard rapidly, usually by sliding thumb down the keysdown the keysInterval – the distance between two musical tonesInterval – the distance between two musical tonesLargo – very slow and broadLargo – very slow and broadMezzo forte – play the piece somewhat loudlyMezzo forte – play the piece somewhat loudlyMezzo piano – play the piece somewhat softlyMezzo piano – play the piece somewhat softlyPhrase – a unit of music, denoted by a curved line under or over notes Phrase – a unit of music, denoted by a curved line under or over notes phrasedphrasedtogethertogetherPianissimo – play the piece very softlyPianissimo – play the piece very softlyPiano – play the piece softlyPiano – play the piece softlyPresto – play extremely fastPresto – play extremely fastSemitone – also known as a half stepSemitone – also known as a half stepStaccato – play notes quickly, crisply, and detached from each otherStaccato – play notes quickly, crisply, and detached from each otherTempo – the rate of speed of the musical piece; it can vary during songs Tempo – the rate of speed of the musical piece; it can vary during songs when markedwhen markedVariations – when you play a basic tune and then play different versions of Variations – when you play a basic tune and then play different versions of it that retainit that retainthe same basic melody.the same basic melody.

Page 8: INTRODUCTION:

Music Terminology SymbolsMusic Terminology Symbols

There are symbols for most There are symbols for most terminology for music….terminology for music….

Let’s go to the following websites to Let’s go to the following websites to see examples of a few symbols.see examples of a few symbols.

http://adultpianolesson.com/section-a-2/music-terms-and-definitions/http://lds.org/cm/display/0,17631,4777-1,00.html

Page 9: INTRODUCTION:

Basic 4/4 Time SignatureBasic 4/4 Time Signature

Within 4/4 time signature, the top number Within 4/4 time signature, the top number represents how many beats are in a measure and represents how many beats are in a measure and the bottom note represents which note gets one the bottom note represents which note gets one beat…..which means the measure gets 4 beats beat…..which means the measure gets 4 beats and the quarter note gets 1 beats: LET’S LOOK AT and the quarter note gets 1 beats: LET’S LOOK AT THESE EXAMPLES... THESE EXAMPLES...

Page 10: INTRODUCTION:

Basic Counting and the Basic Counting and the NOTESNOTES

In 4/4 time, these notes generally In 4/4 time, these notes generally receive the following counts:receive the following counts:

Quarter NotesQuarter Notes Whole NotesWhole Notes Half NotesHalf Notes

1 beat 4 beats 1 beat 4 beats 2 beats 2 beats

Page 11: INTRODUCTION:

Sight Reading BasicsSight Reading Basics

One of the most basic musical scales One of the most basic musical scales for us to sing would be a basic for us to sing would be a basic Major Major ScaleScale. This is made up of 7 basic . This is made up of 7 basic notes which are: notes which are: Doh Re Mi Fa Sol Doh Re Mi Fa Sol La TiLa Ti

Page 12: INTRODUCTION:

The Golden Rules of Sight The Golden Rules of Sight ReadingReading

1. Listen to the piece of music a few times before you start to play OR 1. Listen to the piece of music a few times before you start to play OR sing it; This will give you a real head start when you sit down and sing it; This will give you a real head start when you sit down and sight read for the first time.sight read for the first time.

2. Practice only the rhythms and not the pitches; Then you only have to 2. Practice only the rhythms and not the pitches; Then you only have to concentrate on one aspect of the music at a time.concentrate on one aspect of the music at a time.

3. When you have practiced the rhythms, practice just the pitches and 3. When you have practiced the rhythms, practice just the pitches and ignore the rhythms.ignore the rhythms.

4. Play easy pieces at the right speed and keep going even if you make 4. Play easy pieces at the right speed and keep going even if you make mistakes; this will help you develop your eye for looking ahead. mistakes; this will help you develop your eye for looking ahead. The The MOST important tool for sight reading practiceMOST important tool for sight reading practice

5. Play difficult pieces very slowly; you have to teach your mind the 5. Play difficult pieces very slowly; you have to teach your mind the finger patterns and this won't happen if you fall over them every time finger patterns and this won't happen if you fall over them every time you see them.you see them.

6. Look for patterns in the music; ultimately the more music you play 6. Look for patterns in the music; ultimately the more music you play throughout your life the more patterns you will become familiar with throughout your life the more patterns you will become familiar with and the faster and more accurate your sight reading will become.and the faster and more accurate your sight reading will become.

7. Study music theory! 7. Study music theory!

Page 13: INTRODUCTION:

MUSIC IS FOR EVERYONE!MUSIC IS FOR EVERYONE!

““If we can do it, anybody can!”If we can do it, anybody can!”

Page 14: INTRODUCTION:

Music Themes and StylesMusic Themes and Styles

In music, a theme is the actual material In music, a theme is the actual material which is usually recognizable melody that which is usually recognizable melody that is part of the composition.is part of the composition.

Music is divided into many different Music is divided into many different genres and there are thousands of genres and there are thousands of musical styles. musical styles.

EXAMPLES: Acapella is a style of music EXAMPLES: Acapella is a style of music and the subject/melody of a composition and the subject/melody of a composition is the theme; there can be a first theme, is the theme; there can be a first theme, second theme, and so on……second theme, and so on……

Page 15: INTRODUCTION:

HOMEWORKHOMEWORK

Research more on themes and styles of Research more on themes and styles of music. music.

Write one paragraph on your understanding Write one paragraph on your understanding of themes and styles of music. of themes and styles of music.

After doing so, listen to music on the After doing so, listen to music on the internet and write another paragraph internet and write another paragraph about your favorite piece of music that about your favorite piece of music that relates to a particular theme and style. relates to a particular theme and style.

Page 16: INTRODUCTION:

Historical Music PeriodsHistorical Music Periods

Medieval 0-1400 A.D.Medieval 0-1400 A.D.Renaissance 1400-1600 A.D.Renaissance 1400-1600 A.D.Baroque 1600-1750 A.D.Baroque 1600-1750 A.D.Classical 1750- 1800 A.D.Classical 1750- 1800 A.D.Romantic 1800-1900 A.D.Romantic 1800-1900 A.D.Contemporary 1900- presentContemporary 1900- present

Page 17: INTRODUCTION:

LET’S REVIEWLET’S REVIEW

Name the entire musical staff.Name the entire musical staff.Name the lines on the treble clef.Name the lines on the treble clef.Name the spaces on the treble clef.Name the spaces on the treble clef.Name the lines on the bass clef.Name the lines on the bass clef.Name the spaces on the bass clef.Name the spaces on the bass clef.

Page 18: INTRODUCTION:

Review (cont.)Review (cont.)

What’s an easy way to remember the What’s an easy way to remember the lines and spaces on the treble clef?lines and spaces on the treble clef?

What’s an easy way to remember the What’s an easy way to remember the lines and spaces on the bass clef?lines and spaces on the bass clef?

Name music terms and give their Name music terms and give their definitions of what you learned today.definitions of what you learned today.

Name a few basic rules of sight Name a few basic rules of sight reading. reading.

Page 19: INTRODUCTION:

Review (cont.)Review (cont.)

What does the top number represent What does the top number represent in a time signature?in a time signature?

What does the bottom number What does the bottom number represent in time signature?represent in time signature?

How many beats does a quarter note How many beats does a quarter note get in 4/4 time?get in 4/4 time?

How many beats does a half note get How many beats does a half note get in 4/4 time?in 4/4 time?

Define music style.Define music style.

Page 20: INTRODUCTION:

For More Information on For More Information on Reading MusicReading Music

http://datadragon.com/education/reading/ http://www.musictheory.net/ http://library.thinkquest.org/15413/theory/http://library.thinkquest.org/15413/theory/

theory.htmtheory.htm http://www.classicalworks.com/html/http://www.classicalworks.com/html/

glossary.htmlglossary.html

Page 21: INTRODUCTION:

SOURCESSOURCES

http://www.your-personal-singing-http://www.your-personal-singing-guide.com/musical-scales-guide.com/musical-scales-warmup.htmlwarmup.html

http://datadragon.com/education/http://datadragon.com/education/reading/count.shtmlreading/count.shtml

http://learntopianoonline.com/piano-http://learntopianoonline.com/piano-lessons/Music-Terminology-for-lessons/Music-Terminology-for-Beginners.htmlBeginners.html

http://www.musictheory.net/http://www.musictheory.net/


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