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Introduction Urinary Tract Infections (UTI’s) are the most common acquired bacterial infections with more than 7 million cases reported annually in the United States. E. coli is the etiological agent in 70-90% UTI cases. Incidence of UTI in females varies during stages of menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause indicating estrogen related etiology of UTI pathogenesis.

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Introduction Urinary Tract Infections (UTI’s) are the most common acquired bacterial infections with more than 7 million cases reported annually in the United States. E. coli is the etiological agent in 70-90% UTI cases. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Introduction

Introduction

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI’s) are the most common acquired bacterial infections with more than 7 million cases reported annually in the United States.

E. coli is the etiological agent in 70-90% UTI cases.

Incidence of UTI in females varies during stages of menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause indicating estrogen related etiology of UTI pathogenesis.

Page 2: Introduction

Problem/purposeApproximately 50% of women in all age groups will

experience UTI in their lifetime.

Estimate, $1.6 billion spent on UTI treatment annually (1995).

Development of drug resistant has added to the complications in UTI and a critical need exists for the development of novel therapeutic strategies other than antibiotics.

The purpose of this proposal is to investigate which TNF receptor (I or II) is responsible for UTI clearance and to develop an alternative means of UTI treatment.

Page 3: Introduction

Review of literature Dechering et al. 2000. Foxman et al. 2000. Leckie et al. 2010. Liu et al. 2011.

Page 4: Introduction

Review literature contn

Tumor Necrosis Receptors (I & II) expression in the bladder epithelial

TNFR (I & II) expression in ER α KO mice and WT mice

Page 5: Introduction

Question/HypothesisWhat receptor (TNFRI or II) is responsible for UTI

clearance when ER α and β are disrupted?

Hypothesis: the disruption of estrogen receptors (α and β) in the bladder will increase the risk of UTI infection.

Page 6: Introduction

Methods

Mice with estrogen receptors knockout Control group (wild type)Infect mice with E. colikill mice post ten days of infectionTake bladder (tissues) sections and mount on slidesStain slides using immunohistochemistry technique

Page 7: Introduction

Methods contnTake pictures of stained tissues under microscopeGrade pictures base on stain intensityWith control been reference, compare the stained

slides Draw conclusion based on which receptor was

expressed most during the infection and after disease clearance

Page 8: Introduction

Limitation

Might be difficult to carry experiment on humans due to ethical reasons.

Page 9: Introduction

Significance Receptor expression can be up-regulated to help in

UTI clearance.

Minimize the use of antibiotics in UTI treatment.


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