introduction design features overview part 1: energy ... · renewable energy: solar panels solar...

A E S R il An Energy Smart Retail Mall by DesignMall by DesignJoseph GohProject Manager – M&E27 March 2009Project Manager – M&E

Agendag

Introduction Introduction The Project Design Features Overview Design Features Overview Part 1: Energy Efficiency

Part 2: Innovation Part 2: Innovation

Introduction

The presentation will touch on the design of 313@Somerset. Passive and Active design is important for the building of an energy

ffi i t llefficient mall. Technology introduced must be functional and compatible to the Mall’s

operating patternoperating pattern. The design must make economic sense with good sustainable returns. The process of designing an Energy Smart Mall will require buy in by all the The process of designing an Energy Smart Mall will require buy-in by all the

stake-holders for the outcome to be successful.

Introduction – Sustainable Development Flow Chartp

Lend Lease Integrated Modelg Sustainability Goals & Aspirationsy p

Somerset Sustainability GoalsSomerset Sustainability Goals From Sustainability Workshops, Somerset

Sustainability Goals is born. Entire Team, comprising of Marketing,

Development, Leasing, Project Management Construction Management and Operations, g palong with the consultants are aligned to achieve the sustainability goals for this projectproject

The document also pens down the key team action items in order to achieve the goals

Energy Savings and Efficiency is a major element documented

Somerset

Orchard Road 8 storey commercial/retail

d l t ith 3 development with 3 basement levels including 2 levels above ground car 2 levels above ground car parking

39,410m2 Total GFA 39, 0 ota G Construction commenced

April 2007p Expected completion Dec

2009

Location

The site represents one of the last prime developments released by URA on Orchard RdURA on Orchard Rd

A gateway to Orchard Road due to Somerset MRT entry/exit within to Somerset MRT entry/exit within the site

Providing a thru link from Orchard o d g a t u o O c a dRd to Somerset Rd

95 metre direct frontage to gOrchard Rd

70 metre direct frontage to Somerset Rd

Project Teamj

Owner ARIF (Asia Retail Investment Fund) – Lend Lease Owner ARIF (Asia Retail Investment Fund) Lend Lease Managed Fund

Developer, Concept Architect Lend Lease Retail (Asia) QS WT Partnership Pte Ltd PM & CM Bovis Lend Lease Pte Ltd Collaborating Architect Aedas Pte Ltd Collaborating Architect Aedas Pte Ltd Structural Engineer Meinhardt (Infrastructure) Pte Ltd M&E Engineer Bescon Consulting Engineers Pteg g g Façade & Interiors Aedas Pte Ltd Environment & Energy Building System & Diagnostics Pte Ltd Carbon Management Battle McCarthy / DCarbon8 Lighting Speirs & Major Associates Acoustic LSP Consultants Pte Ltd Acoustic LSP Consultants Pte Ltd Traffic Duffil Watts

Project Overviewj

Features OverviewFeatures OverviewSolar Panels for Renewable Energy

Glass/Void/Metal Hybrid Roof for Natural Ventilation and Day Lighting

Optimised Chiller System with VSD and Low Flow Design is highly efficient

Rain Water Collection from roof & stored in Tank located in high l l

Additional Car-park Charges funding ‘Mall solar panel building program’ with intentions to offset travelling carbon

Light Sensors save energy in areas with natural daylighting, ie top-level Carpark and Atri m Corridors

level

offset travelling carbon emissions

Atrium Corridors.

Tenants in the mall collaborates with green conditions in the lease

Energy-saving Standby speed conditions in the lease

and is assisted by electronic calculator

Intelligent Lighting Controls via BMS

y pescalators

Connection to MRT at B2 promotes travelling to Mall via

Jet Fans in Thru-block Link reduces energy consumption for ventilation at night.

Controls via BMS for Common Area

Basement Sprinkler Tank doubles up as Thermal Energy Storage Bank

travelling to Mall via Public Transport Odour-free Mechanical Grease Separation

System located underground with auto-extraction, self-cleaning improves IEQ

Eco Tour to educate and share with tenants, shoppers, professionals, youths and public

Part 1: Energy Efficiencygy y

Cause Analysis

EnergyEnergy EnergyEnergy

Cause Analysis

Energy Energy RequirementRequirement

Energy Energy CauseCause

Air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation Lighting

Solar load & external heat due to façade, atrium skylight and building envelope

Indoor operating temperature General power Lifts & Escalators Retailers’ power

Indoor operating temperature Fresh air heat load Chillers, cooling towers & pumpsp

Others: cameras, speakers AHUs, FCUs & Fans Lighting fixtures General cleaning, maintenanceg, 41 sets of escalators 10 nos. of lifts

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Modeling & Energy Efficiency IndexEnergy Modeling & Energy Efficiency Index

Energy Modeling & Improvement Calculation of energy consumption

b d d i l d d tti based on design loads and setting benchmarks for improvement

Energy Modeling using computer Energy Modeling using computer software to provide more accurate predictions

EEI Comparison

524.63500.00

600.00

p ed ct o s

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000

mpt

ion

(kW

h)

48%

335.52365.00

233.43

100 00

200.00

300.00

400.00

kW/m

2/yr

ReferenceProposed

-2,000,000

-1,000,000

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

Li ght i ng –

(A i r -

Condi t i oned

S )

Li ght i ng-

(Non A i r -

Condi t i oned

S )

A i r -

Condi t i oned

P l ant

A i r System

Fans

M echani cal

Vent i l at i on

Fans

Li f ts Escal ator s Renewabl e

Ener gy (P V)

T her mal

Ener gy

Stor age

Heat

Recover y

f or Hot

t

Heat

Recover y

Wheel

Exter nal

Li ghtEner

gy C

onsu

m

30.4

30.4

8%0.00

100.00

EEI Normalised EEI

Space) Space) water

Systems Breakdown

Reference Model Energy Consumption (kWh) Proposed Model Energy Consumption (kWh)

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyTabulated Breakdown of Energy ConsumptionTabulated Breakdown of Energy Consumption

End Use Reference Model Proposed Model Energy Consumption End Use Reference Model Proposed Model Energy Consumption Savings

Energy Consumption Energy Consumption (%)

(kWh) (kWh)

Lighting – (Air-Conditioned Space) 480,820 264,550 44.98%

Lighting- (Non Air-Conditioned Space) 424,776 207,387 51.18%

Air-Conditioned Plant 8,038,986 6,372,933 20.72%

Air System Fans 2 356 500 998 359 57 63%Air System Fans 2,356,500 998,359 57.63%

Mechanical Ventilation Fans 2,689,527 1,583,825 41.11%

Lifts 1,282,451 825,143 35.66%

Escalators 1,696,823 1,581,231 6.81%, , , ,

Tenant Receptacle loads 3,612,560 3,612,560 0.00%

Domestic Water Systems 93,219 93,219 0.00%

Renewable Energy (PV) -43,800

Thermal Energy Storage -304,045

Heat Recovery for Hot water -706,328

Heat Recovery Wheel -59,580

E t l Li ht 40 924External Light -40,924

Total Building Energy Consumption 20,675,663 14,384,530 30.43%

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyPassive DesignPassive Design

Building Orientation Long Facades facing North-South

d i i l i d E t WESTand minimal windows on East-West Façade

Sun shading to East West façade North

WEST

Sun shading to East-West façade from adjoining buildings as a result of lower height compared to esu t o o e e g t co pa ed tosurrounding buildings EAST


Façade Principles Cores and service areas located

l E t W t t t b ff t along East-West to act as buffer to external solar loads

Solid masonry walls with Core

Solid masonry walls with aluminium feature cladding over in lieu of glazing to at least 90% of Eastern

S

Core

Western eu o g a g to at east 90% oEast West Façade and South Façade

Sun

Core

Western Sun

RC RampRC Ramp

Solid Façade


Building EnvelopeBuilding Envelope High Performance Low “E” Double Glazing

to Most Glazed Facades with back-b di h d t boarding where exposed to sun

Atrium skylight to allow natural daylight penetration, to reduce lighting & energy Atirum Skylight

Mall Corridorsp g g gy

consumption Circulation and mall corridors/aisles along

atrium void to maximise exposure to

Western Sun

atrium void to maximise exposure to natural light

Low “E” Glazing

Part 1: Energy Efficiency1 Building Envelope Design1- Building Envelope Design

B ildi E lBuilding Envelope Car parks relocated from basement levels to L6 & 7

over retail levels to minimise depth of excavation Shiel

d

pand provide heat shield from roof to retail levels below

Natural ventilation of car park & staircases where

Heat

S

Natural ventilation of car-park & staircases where possible and deletion on MV fans

Current Scheme

Previous Scheme

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyP i D iPassive Design

S P h S d

Sit S Create massing model

Sun Path Study

Site Survey, Drawings, Documents reviewed

Create massing model

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyP i D iPassive Design

Sun Path Study - ResultsSun Path Study Results

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyBuilding Envelope DesignBuilding Envelope Design

Pre-requisite: Envelope Thermal Transfer Value

Average ETTV

Pre requisite: Envelope Thermal Transfer Value

Average ETTV of building envelope:p

39.99 W/m2

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyElectrical Sub meteringElectrical Sub-metering

Energy & Tenancy Sub-MeteringEnergy & Tenancy Sub-Metering Sub-metering provided to

monitor substantive energy uses monitor substantive energy uses eg. Chillers, AHU’s, lifts, escalators, common area lighting and power

Sub-metering provided to it ll t monitor all tenancy energy use

Lend Lease to bulk buy electricity and on sell to tenantselectricity and on sell to tenants

Linking back to BMS allowsenergy audit & power energy audit & power conservation strategy

Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficient FeaturesEnergy Efficient Features

Occupant Design Load OptimisationOccupant Design Load Optimisation Increasing indoor operating temperatures and

range from 23ºc ± 1ºc (Code) to 24 ± 1.5ºc to d i f AC l t d ti reduce size of AC plant and operating energy

Chiller Temperature Δ of 7ºC instead of the common 5.5ºC improves overall chilled water pefficiency by reducing pump sizesCHWS/CHWR 6/13ºC, CWS/CWR 29.4/35ºCSi f l t d d f 2500RT t Size of plant reduced from 2500RTon to 1800RT (ie. 5 no. to 3 no. day chillers) and increase efficiency from 60% to 80%(0.56kW/RTon)

155 Rton light load chiller reduced energy wastage of running day chillers during low loadswastage of running day chillers during low loads

Use of high performance chillers/pumps


Vertical TransportVertical Transport VVVF MRL (Kone) energy saving lifts EcoDisc®, a permanent magnet, , p g ,

gearless machine for elevators EcoDisc® motor at 95-100 rpm

res lting ibration & noise le els are resulting vibration & noise levels are much lower than other lifts

Sleep mode for lifts so that lights and Sleep mode for lifts so that lights and ventilation fans are switched off when not in use

Lightweight lift car decoration (in lieu of heavy finishes eg. granite/marble)

Many Escalators installed with crawl Many Escalators installed with crawl mode and variable speed drive


AC EquipmentAC Equipment Fan Coil Units (FCU) with individual

thermostat to control chilled water flow by adjust modulating valve

This gives better control and accurate cooling supply (no overaccurate cooling supply (no over-cooling) for individual retail space for accurate

Natural Ventilation in lieu of AC to 50% of Discovery Walk to reduce AC loadsAC loads

VSD on Centrifugal Chillers Night Air Purging of 2 Air Change/hr Night Air Purging of 2 Air Change/hr

to mall internally after hours


MVAC System ControlsMVAC System Controls Variable Speed drive (VSD) to

ensure chilled water pumps are performing at maximum efficiency

VAV system to kitchen exhaust fan to allow for control use of fans to allow for control use of fans during non peak hours

VSD are interlocked with the carbon dioxide sensors to throttle the fresh air in-take.C b M id S Carbon Monoxide Sensors are installed in car-parks and interfaced with carpark exhaust system to vary p y ythe fan speed


LightingLighting High frequency ECG ballasts and

T5 lamps used in lieu of T8 lampsp p 35W High luminance Ceramic

Discharge Metal Halides in lieu 75W Halogen

Efficient lighting control integrated into Intelligent lighting control (CBus or similar) with relevant lighting zones and individual lighting zones and individual lighting controls via BMS

LED low energy façade lighting and LED low energy façade lighting and signs

Part 2: InnovationsSustainable Roof & CarparkSustainable Roof & Carpark

Daylighting Studies – Roof LuminanceDaylighting Studies Roof Luminance Studies on the day-lighting on the roof

car-park has revealed that there are pmore than sufficient luminance on the roof

Part 2: InnovationSustainable Roof & CarparkSustainable Roof & CarparkLight Transmitting Semi-Glass Roofg g With translucent membrane, no

artificial lighting required during daytime

PE sensors installed in event of t t dextreme overcast days

Artificial lighting only required at nightf ff Light fittings to be energy efficient

type.R d ti f Reduces energy consumption of lights tremendously

Part 2: InnovationsWind StudiesWind Studies

CFD Modelling CFD Modelling Outdoor comfort levels at

Discovery Walk Discovery Walk Ventilation modelling

using Computer Fluidusing Computer FluidDynamics

Simulation is extended toSimulation is extended toAtrium and 6th & 7th

Storey Car-parkStorey Car park Wind speeds and flow of

natural air also monitorednatural air also monitored

Part 2: InnovationsRenewable Energy: Solar Panels

Solar Studies

Renewable Energy: Solar Panels

Solar Studies Roof has highest exposure to

solar radiation (up to 4200Wh solar radiation (up to 4200Wh each day)

Solar energy on the roof should be gyharnessed

Photovoltaic panels installed to generate electrical power during daytime.

Part 2: InnovationsRenewable Energy: Solar PanelsRenewable Energy: Solar Panels

Solar PanelsSolar Panels Provide solar panels over M&E plant

roof roof Approx. 76 kWp Solar Panels. This is to power energy consumption This is to power energy consumption

(lighting, fans, irrigation pumps, auto-barriers) for the car park during the daylight hours.

Estimated Energy Savings of 57,600 kWH/year

Part 2: InnovationsIntelligent Lighting Control System

Natural Daylighting Studies

Intelligent Lighting Control System

Natural Daylighting Studies Level of Daylight Illuminance

generally 200 lux – 400 lux

Photometric

generally 200 lux 400 lux (average levels within comfortable light)

Artificial lighting will only be required during overcast sky

diti 5th Floorconditions Intelligent lighting control

system is introduced to save

5 Floor

Photometric

system is introduced to save energy on lighting.

2nd Floor

Part 2: InnovationsIntelligent Lighting Control System

Intelligent Lighting Control

Intelligent Lighting Control System

Intelligent Lighting Control Day-lighting of about 300 Lux

in the Atrium as per Solar Zone 1in the Atrium as per Solar Report

Light sensors with intelligent Atriumg gcontrols will switch off artificial lighting when there is

ffi i t t l li ht

Zone 2

sufficient natural light. Motion sensors are provided

in all staircases as they are in all staircases as they are most often not in use.

Light Level Sensor Light Fitting

Part 2: InnovationChiller Optimization with Supply Temperature DeltaChiller Optimization with Supply Temperature Delta

Chiller System OptimisationChiller System Optimisation Chilled water supply temperature Δ

of 7ºC instead of the common 5.5ºCimproves overall chilled water efficiency by reducing pump sizes

CHWS/CHWR 6/13ºC CHWS/CHWR 6/13ºC, CWS/CWR 29.4/35ºC

Individual chilled water supply pump 6.7 / 12.2oC 6 / 13oC

Individual chilled water supply pump flow-rate reduced from 113 l/s to 90 l/s

Motor Results in chilled water pump size

reduction Overall efficiency of 0 680 kW/Rton

Motor Size reduced by 20%110 kW 90 kW

Overall efficiency of 0.680 kW/Rton

Part 2: InnovationThermal Energy Storage BankThermal Energy Storage Bank

Thermal Energy StorageNight-Time Building Chilled Water SupplyThermal Energy Storage

Existing 205m3 sprinkler tank usually left untouched as thermal energy storage

t H t

Chilled Water Supply

system Waiver approved by SCDF for application The water in the sprinkler tank is chilled C

Heat Exchanger

The water in the sprinkler tank is chilled during the night time to take advantage of the cheaper time-based utility rates and better heat rejection due to lower ambient

6 deg

C

13 de

g C

better heat rejection due to lower ambient temperature

• During the day, the stored chilled water will

Waiver Approval

be used during the peak period for effective load leveling to reduce overall energy demand and improved chiller efficiency.

205m3 Fire Sprinkler Tank

/ Thermal Storage Bank

Insulation


Thermal Energy Storage Peak ShavingLoad Shifting Energy Reductiongy g Reduces peak load by shifting energy usage to

a later period to take advantage of the peak efficiency, cheaper time-based utility rates

d/ t d ll d d

Peak ShavingLoad Shifting Energy Reduction

and/or to reduce overall energy demand An opportunity to run a chiller plant at peak

efficiency during the majority of its operating periodsperiods

Operations of TES systems can reduce energy resource consumption.

From a wider angle transmission and From a wider angle, transmission and distribution losses are lower and power plant generating efficiencies can be higher because the load is served by base-load plantsy p

Other advantages of TES• life-cycle cost benefits• factors affecting energy efficiencyg gy y• reduced environmental impacts• incorporate related high efficiencies technologies


Estimated efficiency improvement = (0.725 – 0.691)/ 0.725 = 4.7%Electrical energy consumption reduction = (17,735 – 16,902) x 24 x 365 = 304,045 kWh / year

Part 2: InnovationWaste Heat RecoveryWaste Heat Recovery

Waste Heat Recovery System W t H t Waste Heat Recovery System Harvesting waste heat to generate hot

water

Waste Heat Source

water Supply F&B tenancies and back of House

washing areasHeat

Exchangerg

Hot water is generated for free or as a by-product

This providing capital and operational cost savings to tenant as well as their overall

Insulated Hot Water Storage

Tank at 60 energy consumption.

Reduces electricity consumptionto 80 deg C

Currently exploring Co-generation

Part 2: InnovationsAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning SystemAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning System

Automatic Condensor Tube CleaningAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning Condensor tube cleaning using “brush balls”

to remove scales and fouling deposits from th i t l f h d d t b the internal of enhanced condenser tubes which in turn maintains/improves efficiency

Chiller system shut-down not required during y q gtraditional Dirt Removal Cycles, resulting in no water loss

Conventional Elastomeric Ball

Innovative

Whitish Scale – Calcium Carbonate Brush Ball in action

Innovative Brush Ball from HVS

Part 2: InnovationsAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning SystemAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning System

Automatic Condensor Tube CleaningAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning No pumps or other mechanical prime movers

are required => No additional energy i drequired

Maintains high chiller heat rejection efficiency thus reduces energygy

Part 2: InnovationsDuctless Jet Fans for Night Usage & Car parkDuctless Jet Fans for Night Usage & Car-park

Ductless Fans for Night Usage & Car-parkg g p Require less material and energy to

install as mechanical ductwork, grilles and associated support will not be

i d H i t ll ti f required. Hence, installation of a ductless system will require the less embodied carbon.

Require less energy to operate as Require less energy to operate as compared to conventional ducted system as frictional loss from duct will be very significantly reduced => more than 80% g yof the energy is reduced.

* Wolter Fans

Part 2: InnovationsGreen Collaboration with RetailersGreen Collaboration with Retailers

Green Collaboration with RetailersGreen Collaboration with Retailers A sustainable building = sustainable retailers + sustainable operations

Bi di l ith t d Binding leases with green component and obligations for both landlord and tenant

Fitting-out guidelines with green component, R t il i l l t t t l e.g. Retail services calculator to control energy

usage (W/m2) Lend Lease Retail Design Managers controlling

and collaborating with the tenants during the design and construction process

Promotion of recycling and providing the necessary facilities during the tenant fitout and operations

Retailers, shoppers and staff education

W/m2

kWh/yr

programmes of waste management & recycling

Part 2: InnovationsRetail Services CalculatorRetail Services Calculator

Benefits: Reminder for code and authority compliance Consolidated record of each Retailers fitout intention Prompts Retailer’s designer to complete all fields we require Allows easy vetting of the Retailer’s services design Standard format to allow comparison to other Retailers Standardised units for calculations, e.g. Input power per light fittings Allows reference point for future auditing of Retailer performance Ensures all tenant design requirements are within the building’s low energy

targets and also helps reduce cost for the Retailer’s operation

Key Performance Indexy

Key KPIs Estimated Saving RemarksKey KPIs Estimated Saving Remarks

Energy Saving 30.43% % saving compared to code compliance building

6,291,132 kWh energy saving per year

$ $ $$1,258,226 $ savings per year (assume $0.20 per kWh)

Renewable energy 43,800 kWh collected per year

Air-con system efficiency 0.68 Kw/ton System Efficiency

EEI 300 kWh/m2/yr Normalised to 70 hours work week

•The figures above are results from the generated energy model as of March 2008.

•At the point of energy modelling, the Retailers power requirements are broadly estimated as leasing is still on-going.on going.

313@Somerset@

Thank you for your Attentiony y