introduction hra2 tc
TRANSCRIPT
HRA 2 introduction
© Heidelberg Engineering GmbH
Heidelberg, Germany
www.HeidelbergEngineering.com
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2
Confocal Digital High resolution High sensitive High contrast Dynamic, simultaneous
fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography system
Confocal Laser Scanning System
LaserLaser
Detector
Diaphragm
BeamBeamsplittersplitter
x-y-z unitx-y-z unit
LensLens Focal planeFocal plane
LaserLaser
Detector
Diaphragm
BeamBeamsplittersplitter
x-y-z unitx-y-z unit
LensLens Focal planeFocal plane
Confocal Laser Scanning System
HRA 2 Camera Head
Laser Sources HRA 2 vs. HRA/C
HRA/CArgon Laser
andCamera Power Supply
Laser Sources HRA 2 vs. HRA/C
HRA/CArgon Laser
andCamera Power Supply
HRA 2OPSL Laser
withCamera Power Supply
Angiography
Fluorescence dyes stimulation with light of specific wavelength,
fluorescence light emission
Fluorescein Excitation/Emission: visible light (488/530 nm)
Indocyanine green (ICG) Excitation/Emission: infrared light (790/830
nm)
HRA 2 Imaging Modes
Fluorescein Angiography (FA) and AF Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICGA) Red Free (Blue Reflectance) Image (RF) Infra-red Reflectance Image (IR) Simultaneous FA + ICGA Simultaneous FA + IR Simultaneous ICGA + IR
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
Low Light Exposure
Fluorescence dye is excited in a narrow wavelength band Laser line is most efficient for excitation
Laser scanning system does not require a two-dimensional detector High sensitive ‘point’-detector
Retinal light exposure only 1% of exposure required with photographic systems
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
Continuous Imaging
Continuous imaging allows to study dynamic processes blood flow
Special importance in the early phase of angiograms
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
Digital Images
Digital instead of analog image acquisition and storage
Digital images offer all capabilities for image enhancement and image processing
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
Simultaneous FA and ICGA
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
Image Contrast
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
Three-Dimensional Angiograms
Heidelberg Retina Angiograph
Laser scanning system: Low light exposure Continuous imaging Digital images Simultaneous FA/ICGA
Confocal optical system: High image contrast Three-dimensional information
High sensitivity and efficiency: Late phase images
High Quality Late Phase Images
Comparison HRA 2 vs. HRA/CHRA/C HRA 2
field of view [degrees] 10x10, 20x20, 30x30 15x15, 20x20, 30x30
image size [pixels] 256x256 (std. res.)512x512 (high res.)
384x384 (15°)
(768x786) 512x512 (20°)
(1024x1024) 768x768 (30°)
(1536x1536)
pixel resolution [µm/pixel] 10, 20, 30 (std. res.) 5, 10, 15 (high res.)
10 (5)
image size [pixels]simultaneous modes
2x256x256 2x384x384 (15°)2x512x512 (20°)2x768x768 (30°)
max .image frequency [frames/sec]
20 (std. res.)13 (high res.)
16 (~8) (15°) 13 (~6) (20°) 9 (~4) (30°)
Line scan frequency 8 kHz (high res)
HRA 2 Laser Sources
FA: optically pumped solid state laser (OPSL), 488 nm
RF: same as FA
ICGA: diode laser, 790 nm IR: diode laser, 820 nm
OPSL
HRA 2 Angiography Characteristics
FA Excitation wavelength: 488 nm, 0.2 mW/cm2
Blocking of excitation light: 1 · 10-6
50 % transmission at: 499 nm Emission detection efficiency: 85 %
ICGA Excitation wavelength: 790 nm, 2.0 mW/cm2
Blocking of excitation light: 3 · 10-6
50 % transmission at: 817 nm Emission detection efficiency: 66 %
Comparison HRA 2 vs. HRA/C
HRA/C HRA 2
laser source, FA argon ion, 488 nm OPSL, 488 nm
laser source, ICGA diode, 790 nm diode, 790 nm
fixation target external (fellow eye) internal array of 3x3 targets, and external
Laser/488 EyeNaFl
Filter/500488 nm
530 nm
Detector
Laser/ 488488
HRA2: Fluorescein Angiography
Laser/790 EyeICG
Filter/810790 nm
830 nm
Detector
Laser/830830 nm
HRA: ICG Angiography
intensity
wavelength800 nm 830 nm
max.excitation
max.emission
excitation emission
ICG Excitation and Emission
intensity
wavelength790 nm 810 nm
excitationwavelength
filteredge
useful emission (>60%)
HRA: ICG Excitation and Efficiency
HRA 2 Acquisition Modes
Single images “Unlimited” number of images
Temporal image sequence Up to 100 seconds of digital video (512 MB) Variable frame rate up to 16 Hz
3D confocal image sequence Variable scan depth up to 8 mm 8 images / mm depth
HRA 2 Acquisition Modes
Stereo image pair Mean image sequence
Adjustable number of images Automatic computation of mean
Composite image sequence Guided by internal grid of 3 x 3 fixation lights Creates 60° x 60 ° image
HRA 2 Internal Fixation Targets
Acquisition of nine 30° images
at 3 x 3 fixation target positions
creates 60° x 60° mosaic image
15°
30°
HRA 2 Internal Fixation Targets
Acquisition of nine 30° images
at 3 x 3 fixation target positions
creates 60° x 60° mosaic image
60°
60°
HRA 2 µP Controlled
Camera, Touch Panel, Laser, Power Supply, Computer: Integrated byµP network
[HRA 2 Camera Control Electronics]
Sapphire Laser
Computer
Frame Grabber [FireWire / USB 2.0]
RS 232 [FireWire / USB 2.0]
HRA II Camera Head
Camera Mount
Power Supply
µC
data l/r
Operation Panel
power
image data
safety
µC
µC
power
HRA 2 Communication
HRA 2 Touch Screen Panel Operation
HRA 2 Touch Screen Panel Operation
HRA 2 Touch Screen Panel Operation
HRA 2 Touch Screen Panel Operation
HRA 2 Touch Screen Panel Operation
Fluorescein Angiography 30°
Simultaneous FA / ICGA 30°
Questions ?