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Introduction :- Mahendra R. ChaudhariBISAG Expert TeacherM.P.Patel High SchoolVajapur Ta:-VijapurDist:-MehsanaResidence:- GandhinagarWhat is the meaning of English?

Have you ever faced any difficulty or you are supposed to take others help because you have problem with English language?

One participant will share ones experience.

We shall talk in English only during this session.Talk about advantages of English at the given areas :

Class Career Home Market TravelYour workbook page no. 41

Lets watch this videoClip of Importance of EnglishWhy English?NEET and JEE forms etc.The world is a big village. FBJob prospects for those who know less/dull English Which can be understood by youth all over India

? ( ?)To change the trend you must know the trendAdvanced technologies and all kinds of branches of ScienceThis language is a store house of social and political knowledge.Any study material on net. All in English

Article a/an and theNo article forHuman, cities/villages namesPluralsUncountable nouns

Article 'A' and 'An' are used before countable nouns. (Things that can be counted are called countable.)a/an never depends on first letter of the spelling but the beginning of the sound only there is no exception

Beginning with consonant (, , , ..) Article a Beginning with vowel (,,,, ..) Article an

Article theBasic concept- When the speaker thinks that the listener also knows about the thing referred- the is used

See you in the library. (Why the?) I saw a peacock. The peacock was dancing. (Why the?)

Article theWhen the thing is specified by any adjective-

The boy in the corner is my brother. (Why the?)

When you make it particular by sign-Close the door. (Why the?)

Article theBook (the Bible)River (the Narmada)Ocean (the Indian Ocean) Famous building (the Taj Mahal)Four directions (the North)Ordinal numbers (the first)Common noun (the dog)Unique in the universe (the Earth)

Now, tell me what is missing in these three sentences.

Man was walking on road eating apple when car hit him and apple fell from his hand.

Dog and cat were fighting in street for piece of bread which was snatched away by monkey.

Girl wearing red dress was waiting for bus to come when boy on bike came and offered her lift.

Find errors from the below para. I am a boy. I am an SSC student. I am an NCC cadet. I go to school by an ST bus. I have an HMT watch. My papa is a union member. My mummy is a university graduate. My sister is an HSC student. Papa gives me a one rupee coin every day. I give it to a one-eyed lady on my way to school.

Now there are few exercises related to the articels and it is on page no.44.

On Over Up Above UnderDown At By AheadAcross About Behind Near Beside Besides In Into Before After For Through From, Around , Between Among Towards To, WithoutWithIn front of Opposite Against Preposition tenI p0I Aavela nam,svRnam A4va namnu> kayR krnar bI= ko[ xBd sa4eno s>b>2 dxaRve 0e.Caalo,Aap`e p/cilt Preposition no ]pyog =e[Ae.

At :- smy ke jGya-trf Darshan came at 5 oclock. Bhairvi met him at the station. He was born at Dehgam.In/Into :- A>dr,ma>- We live in Ahmedabad. He is in the garden. Sita is coming into the class-room.By :- @vara,musafrI,git- The tiger is killed by the hunter. I goes to school by my motorcyle.With :- sa2n,s>ga4-vDe,sa4eI write with a pen. I go to school with my friend.On :- ]pr- The book is on your benches.Up :- ]pr git sUcvva-He climbed up a tree.Over :- ]pr,vStu l3ktI,]DtI,2UmtI-He jumped over the wall. The birds are flying over the farms.Above :- ]pr-S4anna s>dwRma>The photograph is above the blackboard. He is above me in the class-room.

Under :- nIce,he#5- The man is sitting under a tree.After :- p0I-The dog is running after a cat. He will come after an hour.Behind :- pa05-He stood behind me. Besides/Beside :- ]pra>t,bajuma>,njdIk- Besides this house they have one in the native place. I sat beside my friend.Among :- vCce-We hid among the trees.Between :- vCce-This village is between two hills. Across :- Aarpar,rSta Ao5>gIne I ran across the road.Beyond :-pele par,bI+ bajunu>,v2aranu> There is a garden beyond the river.Through :-ma>4I,psar 4vana s>dwR- We walked through the crowd.Of :- no,nI,nu>,na-mailkI na s>dwR All the nations of the world want peace. He died of cancer.Upto :- Amuk hd sU2I We walked upto to the hills.From :- 4I ko[ coKks smy ke S454I I went from Limbdi to Surendranagar. He works from morning to evening. He is suffering from cholera.To :- nI trf idxa trf gitma3e He went to school.For :- ma3e-coKks smyga5a ma3e He has been here for fifteen years.Till :- jyasu2I,Tyasu2I Wait till I come. Hkarma>Untill :- jyasu2I,Tyasu2I Dont go untill I return. Nakarma

Learn Preposition Now there are few exercises related to the preposition and it is on page no.48.

Connectives Examples :- And :-Ane,nee- My sister ran fast and caught the bus. I and my friend passed in the final exam.But :-pr>tu,p`- Hetal and Kanan walked fast but they could not catch the bus. He is weak but strong.Though :-=e ke 0ta>- Though I worked hard, I could not succeed. Though he works hard, he cant pass the exam.Or/Otherwise :- A4va-nhI>tr-Sit quiet or go home. Work hard otherwise you will not get good marks.So/Therefore :- te4I,Ae3le-I reached late therefore he could not get the ticket. The man was sick, so he could not attend the party.Because :- kar`ke-I could not attend the school because I was ill.Since :- kar`ke-Since it was raining, all could not go out.Either..or :- bema>4I Aek-Janakbhai is either a teacher or a writer.Neither..nor :-bema>4I Aekp` nhI-Neither Bhartiben nor Bhairviben is weak.When :- jyare-Tyare-Birds fly from the nest when the sun rises in the east. When I went to Kanans house, she was reading a book.While :-jyare-Tyar- I saw a green snake, while I was crossing the road.Before :- phela- Wash your hands before you take your meal. After :- p0Ie-You can play after you finish your homework.Connectives Examples :-

If :- =e to-If you work hard, you will get the first rank.Unless :- =e nhIto-You will not succeed, unless you work hard.Read this conjunctions and select any 12 of your choice then write it down in your handbook table page no.50

AND BECAUSE OR AS TILL UNLESS

ALTHOUGH WHEN WHETHER THOUGH ELSE BEFORE

BUT THAT IF

Now, Lets play a game andIts name is Bingo.Rule isYou will have to pay attentionTo the conjunctions are used. If the conjunction read are commonin the paragraph and your table, you will strike out those conjunctions. The first person to strike out all the conjuctions will shout BINGO.

Gandhiji was a man of great vision because of hisforesight. He proposed ideas for the growth butunless children and teachers, would aid in achieving his vision of an ideal society, things could not be achieved. He believed that an idealsociety is one that comprises hard-working,charitable and self-respecting people living in small self-reliant communities so, education in such a society should be based on values held byit though many did not think it to be relevant, yetGandhiji firmly believed in it. The education modelproposed by him accorded respect to skills and crafts involving physical labour, and was basedon the concept of dignity of labour.

The model called basic education,recommendedthe incorporation of productive handicrafts suchas weaving, spinning, pottery, leather-work, Metal-work,basket-making and book-binding intoThe school curriculum. These, as per the model, held as much importance as academic learning. Although the proposal supported his views of treating manual labour as equal to mental labourand of leading schools towards self-sufficiency. For teachers, he felt that only when a desire of learning from ones pupil would ensure worthiness of the teacher. He said that a teachershould, like in every other interaction, try to gainfrom the other person.When he advocated, for all

teachers, the establishment of good support withstudents whether an attitude of learning from them, as this would ensure their own wholesomegrowth. According to him, till a teacher is not ready nothing can be achieved.

Now there are few exercises related to the conjunction and it is on page no.51.

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . .

Read this paragraph.

Rama went to the bank. Rama saw a long queue of customers. Rama waited in the line. Rama met a friend in the queue. Rama asked Sita to take a form for Rama. Sita got a form for Rama. Rama and Sita were happy.

Types of Pronoun

Personal pronoun refers to a specific person or a thing(you, we, me, it, we, they)

Demonstrative pronoun points out or identifies the noun(this, that, these)

4949Interrogative pronoun asks questionswho, whom

Relative pronoun links one phrase or clause to another phrase or clausewho, whom,whose,which,that

Types of Pronoun

5050Nominative/ subjectObjectFirst possessiveSecond possessiveEmphatic

I Me My Mine Myself We Us Our Ours Ourselves You You Your Yours Yourself You You Your Yours Yourselves He Him His His Himself She Her Her Hers Herself It It Its Its Itself They Them Their Theirs Themselves Who Whom Whose Why When/ Where Which / What

I met a woman. She can speak six languages. 2 sentences She Who

I met a woman who can speak six languages. ( One sentence)

Kiran is wearing a hat. It is too big for him. It that or which

Kiran is wearing a hat that is too big for him. orKiran is wearing a hat which is too big him.

Kiranwho is for people (not things):

A thief is a person Do you know anybody 3. The man 4. The peoplewho steals things.who can play the piano?who phonedwho work in the officedidn't give his name. are very friendly.that is for things or people:

An aeroplane is a machineRamjilal lives in a houseThe people that flies.

that is 500 years old.that work in the office are very friendly.which is for things (not people):

An aeroplane is a machineRamjilal lives in a housewhich flies.

which is 500 years old.Do not use which for people:1. Do you remember the woman who was playing the piano at the party? (not'the woman which....') Now there are few exercises related to the pronoun and it is on page no.55.

Period/Full stop . Use a period to end a completes entence.Comma , To separate a list of itemsQuestion mark ? used at the end of a questionExclamation mark ! to indicate great surprise, emphasis while making a point Apostrophe To shorten : cant To show ownership : Mohans

Now there are few exercises related to the punctuations and it is on page no.59.

Basic Three Tenses

TimeAspectForm PresentHabitualv1 ()PresentContinuousis/am/are + ing formPresentPerfect have/has past participleTimeAspectForm Past Single occurrence V2 ()PastContinuousWas/were + ing formPastHabitualHad + past participle

TimeAspectForm Future Simple Will/shall+ V1 ()

Now there are few exercises related to the Tenses and it is on page no.63.

Degrees of ComparisionAdverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Designed/Recorded Voice by :-Shri Mahendra R. ChaudhariAsst.Teacher(English)

Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)= Read the following senetences :-Sita is a clever girl. (Girl of what kind ?) cleverHe gave me five mangoes. (How many mangoes ?) fiveThere is little time for exam. (How much time ?) little

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83Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Aam, je xBd namnI Aag5 AavI nam Svrupe rhela VyiKt,vStu,pda4R ke p/a`Ina A4Rma> v2aro kre 0e ke tenI ivxe8ta dxaRve tene ivxe8` (Adjective) khe 0e.

Adjective = adjective + noun.

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84Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Definition of Adjective. A word used with a noun to describe or point out, the person, animal, place or thing which the noun names, or to tell the number or quantity, is called an Adjective.(ivxe8`)

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85Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)= Read the following senetences :-The train passed rapidly. (How passed ?) rapidlyThe leader spoke loudly. (How spoke ?) loudlyHe worked very hard. (How work ?) hard

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86Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Aam, ]prna ]da.ma> rapidly, loudly, hard vgere Adverbs ( ik/yaivxe8` ) 0e.

Je vakyma> Aavela ik/yapdo jeva>ke passed, spoke, worked na ik/yama> ivxe8ta dxaRve 0e.87

87Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Aam, je xBd ik/yapd nI pa05 ke Aag5 AavI ik/yapd nI ik/yana A4Rma> v2aro kre ke tenI ivxe8ta dxaRve tene ik/yaivxe8` (Adverb) khe 0e.

Adverb = adjective + verb.88

88Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Sr.No.Adjectivesivxe8`Adverbsik/yaivxe8`1.GladGladly2.BadBadly3.SadSadly4.WeakWeakly5.BoldBoldly6.StrongStrongly7.BeautifulBeautifully8.Carefulcarefully89

89Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Sr.No.Adjectivesivxe8`Adverbsik/yaivxe8`9.SorrowfulSorrowfully10.CertainCertainly11.SpeedySpeedily12.HappyHappily90

90Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Read the following sentences and find out the adverbs.Govind reads clearly.He always tries to do his best.The Sikhs fought bravely.The child slept soundly.Surely you are mistaken.You are partly right.The sea is very stormy.91

91Adverb( ik/yaivxe8`)Read the following sentences and find out the adverbs.

8. I am fully prepaid.9. Luckily he escaped unhurt.10.Unfortunately no one was present there.92

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Now there are few exercises related to Sentence Formation and it is on page no.65. Seva means service. Service to mankind is service to God. Seva performed with the pleasing God. Seva includes different activities to the needy and poor people. Seva performd with the pleasing of God. Seva to God and Mandkind is not similar to labour but form of Bhakti. Seva purifies our soul. One who does seva is mahant.