introduction of recent market and smart grid technologies
TRANSCRIPT
© 2017 Toshiba Corporation
Introduction of Recent Market and
Smart Grid Technologies in Japan
Daisuke Takeda Toshiba Corporation
Japan Smart Community Alliance(JSCA)
Utilities
Institutions Manufacturers
Developers Members: 257 (As of September 2017)
Electric power, gas, automobile, information and communications, electric machinery, construction and trading industries as well as the public sector and academia
What is JSCA? JSCA is public-private organization supported by government, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) and New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).
What is JSCA’s mission? ○JSCA’s mission is to aggressively promote business development into energy sector by utilizing our cutting-age technologies. ○And also JSCA contribute to the growth of industry and society all over the world.
http://www.smart-japan.org/english
Who are main members? Chairman; Mitsubishi Electric Board; Hitachi, Itochu, Kansai Electric Power, NTT, Panasonic, Shimizu, Tokyo Gas, Toshiba, TOYOTA Secretariat; NEDO
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• Introduction of Japanese Market
– Organization
– Deregulation
– Renewable Energy
• Technology Focus
– Wide-area-network SCADA System
– Smart Meter Communication System
– Battery and EMS (Energy Management System)
Table of Contents
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Japanese EPCOs 10 Vertically Integrated Electricity Power Companies (EPCOs)
Two frequencies, 50Hz and 60Hz
Reference: Japan’s Electricity Market Deregulation, June 2015 by METI
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Power Supply Configuration in Japan
Source by METI, Energy Whitepaper 2017
New Energy(4.7%@2016)
Nuclear
LNG
Oil Coal
Hydro
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1. Establishment of the organization for cross-regional coordination (2015)
2. Full retail competition (2016)
3. Legal unbunding of transmission / distribution sector (2020)
3 Steps of Deregulation in Japan
Reference: Japan’s Electricity Market Deregulation, June 2015 by METI
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Market Share of PPS
Source by METI, April 21, 2017
2nd Step @April 2016
Full Retail Competition
15.0
10.0
5.0
0
[%]
• Market share of PPS is about 3% and it is about 9% of
total market
High voltage Low voltage Total
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• Strategy of Japanese government
– 13.5% by 2020
– 20% by 2030
Renewable Energy
Reference: http://www.renewable-ei.org/column/column_20160908.php
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
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• Re-organization of supply-demand balancing system
Load dispatching control system
• Increasing operation efficiency of transmission and
distribution
AMI system, Advanced SCADA/DMS
• Frequency regulation for renewable energy sources
BESS (Battery Energy Storage System)
and EMS (Energy Management System)
• After the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011
– Reconsidering the energy strategy
– Increasing the motivation of energy conservation
Challenges
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Wide-area-network
SCADA System
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A single Wide-area-network SCADA
A RCC
B RCC
C RCC
D RCC
E RCC
F RCC
DC
DC(backup)
A RCC
B RCC
C RCC
D RCC
E RCC
F RCC
Traditional Configuration
Wide-area-network SCADA system
What is the Wide-area-network SCADA? – A Single System which controls wider area previously controlled
by several standalone SCADAs.
– Operates on servers which is connected by IP networks
New System Configuration
(RCC: Regional Control Center) (DC: Data Center)
6 Standalone SCADAs
Real world example of Wide-area-network SCADA
1 2 3
4 5 6
DC(backup)
Confidential
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Issues
• High capital/operating expenditures due to the installation at
each regional control center or substation.
• Difficulty in backup operations due to the lack of remote control
function from other centers.
Issues of Traditional SCADA
Confidential
A RCC
B RCC
C RCC
D RCC
E RCC
F RCC (RCC: Regional Control Center)
Traditional SCADA Configuration
No Accesses and no Controls to other RCCs
NO
ENTRY
To solve these issues,
Toshiba developed Wide-area-network SCADA
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Wide-area-network SCADA system
Advantage of Wide-area-network SCADA – Can be installed Data centers away from the control region or
substation.
– Can operate on any server in the system for any control regions.
DC
DC DC
A RCC
B RCC
C RCC
D RCC
E RCC
F RCC
Remote control with Wide-area-
network SCADA system
Secure communication
Secure User Authentication with
IC card
Robust and efficient data
management
Thin Client Terminals
Other features
Confidential
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Disaster resiliency with flexible backup operation
In case of outage at a Regional Control Center, two adjacent
centers will take over the control.
Backup Operation by Wide-area-network SCADA
Example of Backup operation
A-RCC
B-RCC
A-RCC
B-RCC
Normal Operations C-RCC
Disaster
Disaster and backup operation C-RCC
Confidential
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Smart Meter
Communication System
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More than 500,000 units installation monthly. More than 99.9% of meter reading collection rate for
30 minutes interval is achieved and maintained.
Technology that realizes high data collection rate:
• Wireless area design technology
• Optimal communication path control technology
- Communication Route redundancy
- Automatic re-collection technology at missed meter reading
- Automatic configuration recognition technology
• Scalability corresponding to large scale smart meter deployment
Smart Meter Communication System for TEPCO
Smart meter equipped with
Toshiba communication module
Photo:
https://twitter.com/OfficialTEPCO/status/45
4770919072743424/photo/1
• One of the largest smart meter installation project in the world
- 27 million units to be installed by FY 2020.
• Maintain high network quality in speedy installation
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Current Field Deployment Status
• As of 2017 September, the installation of smart meter over 13 million
units
• 27 million units to be installed by FY 2020.
13 million units
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3 Types of Communication Networks
「Wireless Multi-hop Type」 For Urban Areas
「PLC Type」 For High-rise Residences
「1:N Wireless(Cellular) Type」 For Rural・Agricultural Areas
• Put the right communication system in the right place
• All communication systems are based on IP (IPv6)
IEEE 802.15.4/e/g ITU-T G.9903 3G/LTE
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WAN FAN / NAN
ECHONET Lite IEC 62056 (DLMS/COSEM)
IPv6
Concentrator Smart meter
Home
(HEMS)
Head End System
• Utilization of communication system to realize services such as remote
control & monitoring and visualization of energy usage
• Ensuring compatibility, strong security, reducing procurement costs
and utilizing various applications by fully compliant with international
standards.
Adoption of Global Standards – Interoperability and Flexibility
Standards for route B profile Standards for ECHONET Standards for Internet protocol (IPv6), security (PANA)
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HEMS Communication
adapter for
HT connection Smartmeter Concentrator Head end system
Smart Meter Communication System for TEPCO
Toshiba Home Gateway
Communication unit (built-in)
For installation on the back of the instrument
920MHz wireless
Wi-SUN
For carrier network (on-pole)
Bluetooth
• Toshiba provided main communication system devices to TEPCO
excluding smartmeter metering unit
Handy terminal
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Battery Energy Storage
System and EMS
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Renewable Energy and Large Scale Battery Storages
• About 25% Renewables
• 1MW / min ramping is required
• About 25% Renewables
• About more than 30% renewables
• Output curtailment is required
Year
¢ / KWh FIT for PV is decreasing and the
current price is about ¢20 / kWh
Li-on Battery
- 40MW / 20MWh
- 40MW / 40MWh
Redox Flow Battery 15MW / 60MWh
Sodium Sulfur Battery
15MW / 60MWh
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Uses highly safe lithium
titanium oxide (LTO)
Over 15,000
cycles* Can be used at
temperatures as low
as -30 ⁰C
Rechargeable
in 6 minutes*
Chargeable at large current
and provides large current
output
Provides a large
available capacity (SOC: State of Charge)
* Measured with a particular single cell under specific
conditions
Toshiba’s Lithium-ion Battery
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Features
Rapid charging
Low-temperature operation
Can be charged from 0 to over
80% SOC in 6 minutes
Can provide adequate discharge capacity at -30 ⁰C
Long life over 15,000 charge-
discharge cycles
SCiBTM
Extremely Safe
Crush Test Penetration Test
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Capacity
● Measured at 1C
Charge/Discharge Patterns:
- 5C system for PV output fluctuation suppression
Charge/Discharge Patterns:
- 3C system for continuous operation by PJM FR signals
Time [o’clock]
Po
wer
[kW
]
:PV output
:Battery
output
96.8%@2,135 days
Time [o’clock]
Dis
charg
e
Ch
arg
e
C r
ate
[kW
/kW
]
SO
C [
%]
:C rate
:SOC
99.9%@462 days
SO
H [
%]
elapsed days
SO
H [
%]
elapsed days
Capacity
Almost no degradation can be found for 15-month measurements
Field Data 1 Fluctuation Suppression
Field Data 2 Frequency Regulation
● Measured at 1C
20Ah Cell
Capacity degradation is less than 1% per year for 6 years
4.2Ah Cell
Field Results of Long Life Characteristics
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Kurima-Island 100% Renewable Project
Kurima Island
Miyako
Island
Self-consumption of 100% renewable energies
EMS
Tie-line power
Control Image
Objectives
・100% renewable energies
・Establishing the model of small island
Tie-line power = 0
Start End
SCiBTM
BESS : 100kW-176kWh
Operation Start : Jan. 9, 2014 About 100 houses, 200 residents Maximum Demand : 200-300kW Installed PV : About 380kW BESS : 100kW-176kWh x 2 sets
Charge /Discharge
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