GENETIC MODIFICATION OF CORN

Introduction

The Genetic Modification of Corn is a very common method of genetic modification, it is done globally, and has a lot of Research and Evidence citing it, contrary to many other organisms, since Genetic Modification is relatively new. This PowerPoint will look into what GM is, how it is done, its effects, and the pros and cons of genetically modifying corn.

What is Genetic ModificationGenetic modification is the use of

modern biotechnology methods to change and/or alter the genes of an organism, generally a plant or animal

How is it done?The first step in genetic modification is identifying and copying a desired trait from an organism. The gene is then modified (so it works) and transferred into the new organism. To do this, the gene must be inserted into a single plant/animal cell where it becomes a permanent part of the cell’s genetic makeup. The most common method of transferring genes is Biolistics , which involves coating the gene construct onto tiny gold or tungsten particles, which are then shot into the cell using a miniature gun. Plants can re-grow from a single cell using ‘tissue culture’ (growing the cell separate from the organism) procedures.

The Pros

Can be more productive, and yield expected results More profitable, due to more production Can be made in massive fields, and distributed to

famine-stricken countries Resistant to insects and other pests, increasing

yield. Better resistance to weeds, pests, disease.

Better texture, flavour, nutritional value.Longer shelf life, easier shipment.Better yield, more efficient use of land.Less herbicides and other chemicals.Essential if we are to feed the world.

The Cons

Could be considered ethically wrong Pests start becoming immune and

resistant Still in developing stages, we do not

know the full consequences (good and bad) of GM

Could cross-pollinate non-gm crops

Current Stance:

At the moment, 70% of American foods have been genetically modified, It is currently legal in around 23 countries worldwide, 14 countries have explicitly said they will not allow the production, export or import of genetically modified foods. 9 Countries, including New Zealand, are currently contemplating whether to allow the trade of Genetically Modified Foods.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Genetic modification of Foods is a relatively new subject, that has not fully been developed or researched, it is still in its early phases, and will take many years before we know the full extent of the consequences of Genetically modifying foods.

THE ENDBy: Jay Janarthanan