introduction: the human brain - bangor university › ... › pgoldin_humanbrain.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction: The Human Brain
Philippe Goldin
![Page 2: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience
![Page 3: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mentors
James Gross Gary Glover
Stanford University
UC San Diego
Murray Stein Greg Brown John McQuaid
Marsha Bates
Rutgers University
Brenna Bry
![Page 4: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Motivation
![Page 6: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The beginning
![Page 7: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Visualize Brain - Heart - Mind
![Page 12: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Most complex organ in the
human body
• Produces every thought,
action, memory, feeling
and experience of the
world
• 1.4 kilograms
• 2% of body weight, 20% of
metabolic load
![Page 14: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Neuron
100 billion neurons Basic unit of information flow
Firing neuron: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GIGqp6_PG6k
![Page 15: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Complexity of connectivity
• Each neuron can connect up to 10,000 other neurons
• Our brains form a million new connections every second of our lives
![Page 16: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Patterns and strength of the connections are constantly changing
• It is in these changing connections that memories are stored, habits learned and personalities shaped, by reinforcing certain patterns of brain activity, and losing others
Complexity of connectivity
![Page 17: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Cortical mantle
![Page 18: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Brain Lobes
![Page 19: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Anterior
Brain: Lateral View
![Page 20: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Anterior
Brain: Medial View
![Page 21: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
High-Resolution Parcellation
Lateral Medial
![Page 22: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Functional Connectivity: Connectome
![Page 23: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
![Page 24: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Brain Size
Average brain size relative to percentage of body mass.
![Page 25: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Curvature and connectivity
![Page 26: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Development
![Page 27: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Maturation of the “baby connectome:” examples of brain networks at four different ages. (A) Anatomic T2-weighted MRI images. (B) Tractograms reconstructed based on the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. (C) Template-free brain networks consisting of 100 nodes, represented as weighted graphs. (D) Template-free brain networks represented as binary connectivity matrices. Note: the 6 days and 6 months networks were mapped in the same infant longitudinally.
![Page 28: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Paradoxically, the thinning of gray matter that starts around puberty corresponds to increasing cognitive abilities. This probably reflects improved neural organization, as the brain pares redundant connections and benefits from increases in the white matter that helps brain cells communicate.
![Page 29: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Functional Neuroanatomy
![Page 30: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Functional Imaging Modalities
computed axial tomography (CT), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission tomography (SPECT), electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (EMG),
![Page 31: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Cognitive & Attention
Regulation
Emotion
Higher Order Psychological Functions Embedded in Brain Networks
Self Language Body
Reward
Inhibitory
Salience
Memory
![Page 33: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Is the middle arrow pointing to the left or right?
![Page 34: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Get ready
![Page 35: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
+ <<<<<
![Page 36: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Alerting or vigilance of attention network
Fan et al., 2005 Neuroimage
![Page 37: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
+
>>>>>
![Page 38: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Fan et al., 2005 Neuroimage
Orienting of attention network
![Page 39: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
+
<<><<
![Page 40: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Fan et al., 2005 Neuroimage
Executive attention network
![Page 41: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Alerting (vigilance)
• Re-orienting (shifting of attention)
• Executive control of attention (goal-oriented, top-down cognitive control of attention)
![Page 42: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Ready
![Page 43: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Classical View of Fear
![Page 45: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Emotion, Arousal, Memory
![Page 46: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Quantitative analysis of brain cortical
connectivity of amygdala
Amygdala is hypothesized to be a strong candidate for integrating cognitive
and emotional information. Pessoa, 2008, Nature Reviews Neuroscience
![Page 47: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Eyes on - Body Sensations
![Page 49: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Nummenmaa et al, 2014, PNAS
![Page 50: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Bodily Sensations
Somatosensory
cortex
Insular cortex
![Page 51: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Language network: Perisylvian pathways in
the left hemisphere
Adapted from Catani et al. (2005)
![Page 52: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Self-views now
![Page 53: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Meta-Analysis of
Self-Referential Processing
Cortical midline structures: ventromedial prefrontal,
dorsomedial prefrontal, posterior cingulate/precuneus
Northoff et al. 2006, NeuroImage
![Page 54: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Cognitive Control of Emotion: Neural Systems
Ochsner et al., NYAS, 2012
Cognitive processes that
regulate emotion
Cognitive processes that
generate emotion
![Page 55: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Brain as a network
![Page 56: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
The basic strategy of intrinsic functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI)
Buckner et al., Nature Neuroscience 16, 832–837 (2013)
Red/yellow = spontaneous activity fluctuations measured at rest are correlated between brain regions
Green = motor cortex seed region
![Page 57: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Large-scale cerebral networks identified by intrinsic functional connectivity
Buckner et al., Nature Neuroscience 16, 832–837 (2013)
![Page 58: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Brain Predicting Emotion State
Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology
Analyzed human brain activity patterns from 148 studies of emotion categories (2159 participants)
Each emotion category is associated with unique, prototypical patterns of activity across multiple brain networks. Emotions are differentiated by a combination of perceptual, mnemonic, prospective, and motivational elements
![Page 59: Introduction: The Human Brain - Bangor University › ... › PGoldin_HumanBrain.pdf · 2015-08-06 · Brain Predicting Emotion State Wager et al., 2015, PLOS Computational Biology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022081611/5f0d454a7e708231d4398403/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Artist: Bruno Vergauwen