introduction to biomedical engineering
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Biomedical Engineering
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What is Biomedical Engineering ?
• It is application of engineering principles and design concepts to biology and medicine to improve the health of society.
• It is defined as the application of knowledge gained by cross fertilization of engineering and biological sciences so that both will be more fully utilized for the benefit of man.
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What is Biomedical Instrumentation ?
• Tools provided to measure different physiological variables (biological variables) of a living being is called biomedical instrumentation.
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History behind biomedical engineering
• First biomedical equipment used in 19th century was X-Ray machine which was invented in 1895.
• Later development included ECG, STETHESCOPE, BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORS, MRI, ULTRA SOUND SCANNING.
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Main reason behind invention of biomedical equipment
NASA
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Need for biomedical engineering
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Need of biomedical engineering
• Promising future development• Improves medicine, save lives• Numerous possibilities based on level of
biology and engineering specialty• There is a vital advantage over many fields
is aimed at keeping people healthy.
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Need for instrumentation
• The need for instrumentation to make proper and accurate measurements.
• This involves the design, use and maintenance of biomedical instrumentation come from either life science or from engineering
• All measurements depend essentially on the detection, acquisition, display.
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BRANCHES OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
• Medical Instrumentation• Bio materials• System physiology and modeling• Bio signal processing• Medical imaging• Bio mechanics and Rehabilitation
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Biomedical Instrumentation
• It is the application of electronics and measurement techniques to develop the devices used in diagnosis and treatment of disease.
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Biomaterials
• Use of material both living and artificial materials for implantation.
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System physiology and modeling
• Modeling refers to use of scientific and engineering principles predict the behavior of a system of interest may include human body, particularly body organs.
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Bio signal processing
• Involves collection and analysis of data from patients and experiments in an effort to understand and identify individual components of the data set or signal.
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Medical imaging
• It combines the knowledge of a unique physical phenomenon with high speed electronic data processing analysis and display to generate an image.
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Biomechanics and Rehabilitation
• Biomechanics applies both fluid mechanics and transport phenomena to biological and medical issues.
• Rehabilitation enhances the capabilities and improve the quantity of life for individuals with physical cognitive impairments.
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Branches of Biomedical Instrumentation
• Clinical Instrumentation• Research Instrumentation
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Clinical Instrumentation
• Clinical instrumentation is basically devoted to diagnosis, care and treatment of patients.
• Its very simple to use if there is sufficient knowledge.
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Research Instrumentation
• This instrumentation is primarily based on developing new knowledge pertaining to the various systems that compose the human organism.
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Types of measurements in Biomedical Instrumentation
• In vivoA in vivo measurement is one that is made on or within the living organism itself.
• In vitroA in vitro measurement is one performed outside the body even though it relates to function of the body.
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Man Instrumentation system
• The overall system which includes both the human organism and the instrumentation required for the measurement of man is called as man-instrument system.
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Objectives of man-instrument system
• Information gathering• Diagnosis• Evaluation• Monitoring• Control
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Components of man-instrumentation system
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• Subject• Stimulus• The transducer• Signal conditioning equipment• Display equipment• Recording and data processing• Control devices
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