introduction to computers
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Computers
Business Applications
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What is a Computer?
• An electronic device – Operates under the control of instructions
stored in its own memory unit– Can accept data (input)– Manipulates the data according to specific
rules (process)– Produce results (output) for future use
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Computer Hardware Components
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Computer Hardware Components
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What Does A Computer Do?Computers perform 4 general operations which
comprise the information processing cycle.
• Output
• Storage
•Input
•Process
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Input Devices
• Desktop computer keyboard
• Handheld computer (PDA), you use a stylus to select keys on the onscreen keyboard.
• Notebook computers have the keyboard built into the top of the unit.
The KeyboardThe Keyboard
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Input Devices
• A pointing device that fits comfortably under the palm of your hand.
• You control the movement of the pointer on the screen and make selections from the screen.
• A mouse has one to five buttons.
• Notebook computers come with a pointing device built into the keyboard.
The Mouse
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Output Devices
• The printer prints by striking an inked ribbon against the paper.
• Dot matrix printers are capable of handling wide paper and printing multipart forms.
Impact Printers
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Output Devices
• Prints higher quality text and graphics.
• Inkjet and Laser printers do a better job printing different fonts, are quieter, and can print in color.
• Photo printers produce photo-quality pictures and are ideal for home or office.
Nonimpact Printers
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Output Devices
• Visually conveys text, graphics, and video information.
• Monitors.– CRT (cathode ray tube),
the big ones.– LCD (flat panel monitor).– Notebook computers and
tablet PCs have color LCD screens built in.
– PDA’s have color displays and a few smart phones have color displays.
Display Devices
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Storage Devices
• Hard Disk (C:)• Network drive (H:)• USB Drive
External Storage
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• The hard disk is enclosed inside an airtight, sealed case inside the system unit.
• One kilobyte is one thousand bytes (KB)
• One megabyte is one million bytes. (MB)
• One billion bytes are called gigabyte (GB).
.
Storage DevicesHard Disks
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Storage Devices
• A storage medium that consists of a flat, round, portable, metal storage medium that usually is 4.75 inches in diameter and less than 1/20 of an inch thick.
• Two types of optical discs are CD and DVD.
Optical Discs
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Storage Devices
• Jump drives or USB drives
Miniature Mobile Storage
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Storage Devices
• Rewritable media usually in the form of a flash memory card.
• The primary storage used with PDAs, digital cameras, music players, and smart phones to store digital images, music, or documents.
Miniature Storage Media
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Communications Devices
• A hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers.
• Communications occur over Transmission media.– modem– cables– telephone lines– cellular radio networks– satellites
• Some transmission media are wireless.
Transmission Media
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Communications Devices
• Consists of programs to control the operations of computer equipment.
• The operating system tells the computer how to perform the functions of loading, storing, and executing an application program and how to transfer data.
• An operating system must be stored in the computer’s memory for it to operate.
• The process of turning on your computer and loading the operating system into the computer’s memory from auxiliary storage is called booting.
• Microsoft Windows XP is a widely used graphical operating system that we use here at WMHS.
System Software
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Communications Devices
• Consists of programs that tell a computer how to produce information.
• Microsoft Office is the software package that we use in Business Applications.– Word Processing: used to create, edit, format, and
print documents.– Spreadsheet: allows the user to add, subtract, and
perform user-defined calculations on rows and columns of numbers.
– Database: allows the user to enter, retrieve, and update data in an organized and efficient manner.
– Presentation Graphics: allows the user to create slides for use in a presentation to a group.
Application Software
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Networks and Internet
• Local Area Network• Wide Area Network• Internet Service Provider
– AOL
• Online Service Provider– Comcast– Bellsouth
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World Wide Web
• WWW
• Web page
• Web site
• Web browser (Internet Explorer)
• URL
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Computer Virus
• Designed to infect other software or files
• Attaches itself to software and files.