Introduction to Ethanol as a Fuel

What is Ethanol? Also known as Ethyl Alcohol: C2H6O A clear, colorless liquid made through

fermentation and distillation of any starch-containing material (corn, sorghum, potatoes, etc.)

A valuable alternate fuel source

History of Ethanol Use Originally a drink Lamp fuel in late 1800s Model-T Fords were originally designed to

run on ethanol

History of Ethanol Army vehicles were powered by ethanol

during World War II

Ethanol was used to supplement oil supplies in the 1970s

History of Ethanol Use First blends of gas and alcohol came in

1970s and were 10% ethanol - often referred to as gasohol

In the late 1990s, a blend was introduced that contained 85% alcohol (E-85)

Ethanol production is subsidized by the American government to promote use

Benefits of Ethanol Renewable resource Increase fuel octane levels Decrease engine emissions Extend supply of gasoline Reduce America’s dependence on foreign

oil The 10% ethanol blend produces engine

performance comparable to 100% gasoline

Ethanol around the Globe Brazil and Sweden use large quantities of

ethanol as fuel Some Canadian provinces subsidize

ethanol to promote use In France, ethanol is made from

fermenting grapes

Why is Ethanol Use Important? Clean Air Act Amendment -1990 Energy Policy Act -1992 These laws put strict emission guidelines

in effect Car companies developed Flexible Fuel

Vehicles, which are capable of operating on up to 85% ethanol

Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether This is an ingredient mixed with petroleum

gasoline that has been recognized as being harmful to the environment.

The use of ethanol-blended fuels would practically eliminate the need for this substance.

References Environmental Protection Agency,

Transportation and Air Quality http://www.epa.gov/oms