introduction to garment industry

7/28/2019 Introduction to garment industry

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BASIC TERMS

APPAREL: A material, stitched or unstitched,

used to cover the body or drape over the body

GARMENT: A stitched and shaped material

to cover the body partly or fully

CLOTH: A piece of material generally flat

and long, flexible, drapable.


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APPARELS

SCARF

SAREESTOLE


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GARMENTS


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STITCHED

(GARMENTS)

UNSTITCHED

APPAREL


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FROM FIBRE TO GARMENT

FIBRE YARNFABRIC

GARMENT


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Basic Industrial Terminologies

Customized Tailoring (made to measure/

bespoke):

The process of manufacturing garments for specificindividuals based on measurement, design and fabric

generally supplied by customer. The process is customer

specific and so called customer tailoring


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CUSTOMIZED TAILORING


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FEATURES OF CUSTOMIZED

TAILORING

Customer specific

Single garment making

Traditional technique

Use of generalized machineries


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Mass Production

The process of manufacturing in large

quantity on basis of forecasted trends, size

of target market and standard body

measurements


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MASS PRODUCTION

TREND

FINISHING

PATTERN

CUTTING


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FEATURES OF MASS PRODUCTION

Large quantity manufacturing

Not individual specific but to fit a size range

Designs and colors based on forecasts,

trends and requirements of target markets

Use of specialized manufacturingtechniques and equipments


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Readymade garments

Garments made from mass production in

different standard sizes and color & prints.

Such garment is not made as per an

individuals specification but made in such a

way that it can easily fit an individual with

body measurements matching any standard

size.


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READYMADE GARMENT BRANDS


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Ready to wear (pret-a-porter)

Generally refers to free size garments

or readymade garments off the rack

which are sold ready to be worn


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THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

OF GARMENTS

Readymade garments are manufactured in mass

scale at garment manufacturing units the nature of

business of which may be domestic orexport.

In Domestic, garments/products are manufactured

and sold in the same country

InExport, garments/products are manufactured inone country but sold in another country


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The simple process of fabric to garment to

customer/consumer is:

Fabric Productionprocess

Garment

Customer


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EXPORT BUSINESS

COUNTRY A

ORDER

PROCESSED AT

COUNTRY B

RETAIL

OUTLETS ALL

OVER WORLD

D

I

S

T

R

I

B

U

TI

O

N


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Design & research for pattern development


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Industrial pattern laid on fabric for marker


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Fabric spread/laid on table


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Fabric cut by machine in layers


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Cut fabric lay sorted/ lay packing


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Garment parts stitching & assembling


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Quality checking and inspection of finished

products


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Pressing and finishing


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Packing


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Process flowchart for manufacturing

Buyer decides what to produce (style, color, quantity)

Buyer searches for a manufacturer

Buyer-manufacturer/seller contact (internet, previous

order, old customers, advertisement, agent)

Negotiation for order/contract


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Buyer sends an original garment for duplication at

manufacturers unit (to assess quality, production

time, delivery, cost)

The first sample is made at manufacturers unit

(duplicating same size, style/design, similar fabric,

print, drape and trims)- PROTO SAMPLE to assess

consumption and cost

The sample is sent for buyers quality evaluation


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If the buyer approves, the order is confirmed (otherwise

the order is cancelled)

Costnegotiation between buyer and manufacturer

Buyer sends ORDER CONFIRMATION ( a written

document confirming the order)

Buyer sends SPECIFICATION SHEET ( with details of

every step of work like size chart, grading, size-color

ratio, trimmings details, stitching details, packing

details etc.) and a MEDIUM SIZE PATTERN


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Manufacturer prepares/generates PRODUCTION

ORDER(an internal document with details of working

of each department)

Manufacturer places order for raw materials (Fabric

and trimmings) and packing materials (plastic,

shapers, cardboard stays etc.)

Manufacturer conductsraw material inspection after the

purchased materials are received


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Materials received are kept in stores

Pattern set sent by buyer is graded to different sizes

according to size colour ratio

Marker planning done to assess fabric consumption

Production planning includingline balancing and

machine sequencing taken up


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Fabric issued to cutting room and ready marker from

CAD received at cutting room

Spreading and laying up of fabric in cutting room

Marker placed on top of lay

Block cutting (for extra curves) by straight knife


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Precise cutting by band knife or die cutting machine

In process inspection on cutting quality, number of

pieces, size etc

Lay packing

Ticketing


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Bundling

Dispatch to production floor for stitching

Stitching of small parts following a system of

production according to plant size, order volume etc.

Assembly of small parts with bigger parts

Final inspection formeasurementin complete garment

Thread trimming and thread sucking

Stain removing


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Pressing

Folding

Final pressing

Bagging

Boxing

Carton packing

Storage and despatch


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introduction to garment industry

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